Arthur Edward Symes No 1001 enlisted in the 7th Batt AIF on 24.8.14 age 24 years 6 months. Embarked for Egypt 19.10.14, embark for Gallipoli 5.4.15, WIA 8.5.15 GSW to arm, return to unit 20.6.15, WIA 1.9.15 GSW’s arm, back and leg, arm amputated, also states arm blown off. He DOW’s 4.9.15 at sea and was buried in Mudross East Cemetery Lemnos on 5.9.15. Refer 886.2, letter from W Darwin No 780 7th Batt AIF to Mrs Symes.Original Telegram & Commemorative Scroll re A E SYMES. 2 Tone gold plastic frame, glass front, brown paper backing. Mounted on dark grey background.On front: “PTE A.E SYMES No 1001 (C Coy) Died of Wounds at Sea 4/09/1915 Donated by Mrs D Johnston” Stamped on rear: “Bethany Gallery”documents, communications - telegraphic, memorial scrolls

Frederick Henry Laurence Rankin (Laurie) VX 139086 was an Australian Army cook who served from May 1943 to June 1945 within Australia (including Darwin). he was born 24/7/1914 at Jumburra, Victoria and enlisted on 27/5/1943 at Clifton Hill, Victoria. His "Next of Kin" was Eunice Rankin. He was discharged on 4 June, 1945 and he was then posted to 2 Australian Field Artillery Regiment. He died on 27 July 1983 and buried at Fawkner Memorial Park.Leather money belt worn during World War 2 military service by Frederick Henry Laurence Rankin, service number VX139086. This belt has three zippered pockets for carrying money or other valuables. One pocket contains a ration coupon for one packet of smokes (cigarettes). world war 2, ww2,

This drawing was done by Andy Freer, founding member and Artistic Director of Snuff Puppets. It forms part of the creative process to develop a new show, 'Forest in the Night', exploring themes of evolution, chaos theory, Darwinism and the survival of the fittest. More than 25 puppets were created and transformed into new strange creatures. This drawing was submitted as part of a pitch to the 1995 Melbourne International Festival of the Arts program, where it was performed as a large outdoor spectacle in the round. Please visit http://www.snuffpuppets.com/shows/Forest_in_the_Night for more information.The significance of this drawing is that it is a rare, original demonstration of the creative development processes of Snuff Puppets' unique puppet creation and building.A black ink drawing on A5 paper detailing the creative concepts for puppet design and development for a new production entitled 'Forest in the Night'art, environment, ink drawing, snuff puppets, puppetry, theatre, creative, puppet, performance, imaginery

Photograph of Private later Corporal Sperry Bodsworth born 27/8/1909. In 1940 aged 30 years he enlisted in the Army and assigned to the 2/21 Battalion. On 13/12/1941 the Battalion was deployed from Darwin to Ambon in the Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia, to form part of "Gull Force". The Battle of Ambon occurred between 30 January to 3 February, 1942. In April 1942 Bodsworth was listed as missing and on 1/6/1942 was reported as a Prisoner of War. Bodsworth was awarded a Mention in Despatches.The Battle of Ambon (30 January – 3 February 1942) occurred on the island of Ambon in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), during World War II. Japan invaded and conquered the island in a few days, facing Dutch, American and Australian forces. The chaotic and sometimes bloody fighting was followed by a series of major Japanese war crimes. Allied casualties in the battle were relatively light. However, at intervals for a fortnight after the surrender, Japanese personnel chose more than 300 Australian and Dutch prisoners of war at random and summarily executed them, at or near Laha airfield. In part, this was revenge for the sinking of the Japanese minesweeper, as some surviving crew of the minesweeper took part.. Three-quarters of the Australians captured on Ambon died before the war's end. Of the 582 who remained on Ambon, 405 died. They died of overwork, malnutrition, disease and one of the most brutal regimes among camps in which bashings were routine. Blood Oath, a 1990 Australian feature film is based on the real-life trial of Japanese soldiers for war crimes committed against Allied prisoners of war on the island of Ambon, in the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia), such as the Laha massacre of 1942.Brown timber frame containing black and white photograph of WW2 Soldier wearing slouch hatww2, gull force, ambon, sperry bodsworth, pow

Popularly known today as Z Special Unit, or by the wartime cover names of Inter-Allied Services Department (ISD) and Services Reconnaissance Department (SRD), Special Operations Australia (SOA) was the Special Operations component of the US-led Allied Intelligence Bureau in the Pacific Theatre during the Second World War. From the secret files of Z Special Unit, and the third in a set of five volumes, Volume 3 - Communications describes the communications links and equipment which were the lifeline for "Z" Operatives in the field. From "Z's" early days relying on Dutch military communications stations in Melbourne and Darwin to the establishment of dedicated "Z" communications stations in Darwin, Morotai and Labuan, Vol 3 provides the only comprehensive history of these sites ever committed to paper. Radio and Special Forces enthusiasts will be agog at the appendices in this volume, which not only include copies of the actual operating instructions and technical manuals for much of the specialist SOE communications hardware used by "Z" during the war, but also the once-top secret SOE ciphers and codes used by Z parties in the field. The Official History of Special Operations Australia, Volume 3 - Communications is a unique record of one of the most important aspects of Second World War Special Operations.australian special operations, special forces, world war ii

The department of Veterans Affairs organised for an Australian contingent to attend the 75th anniversary of the Gallipoli landings in April 1990. Legacy was asked to nominate 8 junior legatees to be included. This document outlines the itinerary and contains the written accounts of the trip from the 8 junior legatees. They were Graham Bradford and his twin brother Philip Bradford from Darwin, Naomi Byles from Busselton WA, Declan Deasey from Melbourne, Samantha Falconer from Hobart, Michelle Hall from Brisbane, Stephen Haynes from Canberra and David Taylor from Bathurst.Records the importance the Department of Veteran Affairs placed on junior legatees that they were invited to attend the 75th anniversary of Gallipoli landings in 1990.Black and white A4 photocopy x 72 pages of a report about a trip to Gallipoli by Junior Legatees with a yellow cover with red text and poppy illustration.Title page marked with "Given to Legacy Library by Co-ordinating C'tee." in blue pen.75th anniversary, gallipoli, junior legatees

The Bocian is a versatile training sailplane that first flew in 1952. The type has been modified in several respects over the course of production by SZD (tailplane and rudder in particular). About 600 have been built; many for export to 27 countries (including Australia). The aerobatic capability and fine performance (best glide ratio of 26) has enabled the Bocian to be used to train competition pilots as well as those of lesser experience. Many world gliding records were set in the 1950s and 1960s in Bocian gliders. The Museum’s example is a type D test flown in Poland on 3 and 4 April 1963. It was imported into Australia in September 1963 by Austerserve Pty Ltd. The first owner was the Alice Springs Gliding Club and the glider had name “Cumulus” painted on the side of the fuselage (since removed). The glider had recorded 726 hours 46 minutes flying time from 2138 launches as at July 1967 when it was transferred to the Darwin Gliding Club. It appears that the glider was damaged in June 1968. The substantial repairs to the fuselage, both wings and tailplane and other minor repairs were completed on 13 October 1968. The glider continued flying with the Darwin Gliding Club until August 1969 at which time the service to that club amounted to 59 hours 7 minutes flying time from 348 flights. Between August 1969 and August 1976 no flights are recorded in the logbook. It is understood that on its last flight at Bachelor, south of Darwin in the Northern Territory (August 1969) it was severely damaged when it crashed after spinning while being auto-tow launched (although this is not expressly mentioned in the logbook). Reg Hancock purchased the damaged glider and rebuilt the port wing and restored it to airworthy condition (September 1976). It was then transferred to Colac, Victoria, and used by the Colac Gliding Group at the Yeo airfield until February 1981, adding another 153 hours from 403 flights to the glider’s record. After airworthy inspection in September 1982 the glider was used by the Geelong Gliding Club until 1983 (logbook details not held). The 20 year survey was then due and the glider fell out of service. In the course of the most recent restoration attempt it was discovered that the glue used in construction had deteriorated and that it was no longer feasible to bring it back to an airworthy condition. Subject to restoration, this exhibit may be representative of the 1950s - 1960s Bocian two seat sailplane typeThis exhibit is a large two seat glider /sailplane of wood and fabric construction. All components are present with the exception of instruments. However, at the time that the aircraft was transferred to the Museum it had been taken apart for major restoration work. As received it is stripped of the top coats of paint and a number of components (including, amongst others, tip fairings, nose cone and cockpit elements) that were removed for facilitating the repair process. The glider, serial number 803, was registered as VH-GNLaustralian gliding, glider, sailplane, bocian, cumulus, alice springs gliding club, darwin gliding club, colac gliding group, geelong gliding club, hancock

1. Card sent by "Alfred W. Baron" VX29810, 14th Anti Tank battery, A.I.F. to his mother. 2. Card sent by Alfred W. Baron, VX29810 to his mother. Part of the Cooper Collection.1. Illustrated Christmas/New Year card. Front cover has word "Greetings" in blue and red type. Below is a drawing of a cannon above a colour patch. Across the bottom 'Darwin 1941' are printed in black type. Inside type in blue below a red coloured Rising Sun badge. Card tied with blue and red cord on LHS. 2. Black and white illustrated Christmas/New Year card folded into four quarters. Front illustration features a Kangaroo and joey. Inside illustrations feature a soldier in uniform and two cannon crews. Text in black type. In unfolded section - hand drawn illustration and message in black ink.1. Handwritten on inside: "Your Loving son, Alf". 2. Handwritten illustration in black ink. Handwritten message in black ink: "To my Dear Mum from your ever loving son, Alf xxxxxxx"cooper collection, alfred w baron, christmas card, ww2, 14th anti-tank battery

Ronald Leslie Schorey Dickinson RAAF No 439212. He initially enlisted as a RAAF Cadet age 16 years on 27.2.1942, Cpl 17.11.1942, Sgt 17.6.1943, S/Sgt 8.10.1943. At age 18 he enlists on 29.2.1944 with the rank A/C 2 and soon with the rank LAC (leading Aircraftsman). He is posted to places like Geraldton & Kalgoorlie WA, Benalla & Tocumwal VIC. From 23.9.1945 he is listed with postings at 54 Mile NT, Darwin in two different units, Winellie and Ransford. He is discharged with the rank of LAC on 20.5.1946. Records are hard to follow but it appears he could have been Aircrew as an LAC. Refer also Cat No 7263PThis is a hard cover book. The colour of the front cover is a purplish hue. The spine has a blue buckram binding. It was Airforce Form A.18. Inside are a large number of pages covering such subjects as; Pilot Certification, Aircraft flown, Hours, Locations. Dates - range from 1944-2017. Possibly some pages are missing. 1942 - 1944. It has records for RAAF Flying and Civilian Flying Post WW2.Written on bottom of book pages is name "DICKINSON R.L.S.raaf, flying log

In 2005 the H.M.A.S. Warrnambool was de-commissioned in Darwin and the Mayor of Warrnambool, Cr Glenys Phillpot, was present at the ceremonies connected to this event. She obtained this sailor’s hat at that time as a souvenir of the ship. It appears to be brand new. H.M.A.S. Warrnambool was the second ship with this name. The first H.M.A.S. Warrnambool was built in Sydney in 1941 and commissioned for anti-submarine and mine sweeping duties. In 1947 it was struck by a mine in northern Australian waters and sunk with the loss of four lives. The second H.M.A.S. Warrnambool was commissioned in 1981as a patrol boat in northern Australian waters. It had steamed over 500,000 miles before the end of its working life in 2005 and had visited Warrnambool several times. This sailor’s cap is of importance as a memento of the second ship named H.M.A.S. Warrnambool and particularly commemorates the de-commissioning of that ship in 2005 in Darwin. This is a white seaman’s hat with a flat oval-shaped crown made of stiffened white material with two white metal eyelets on each side. The base has a black ribbon with a black bow and lettering in woven gold thread. Inside there is a leather band with a white bow and a navy blue ribbon to act as a chin strap. This is attached on one side only. Inside also is a white label with the maker’s information on it. H.M.A.S. Warrnambool MAPE uniform headwear of the MCH group of companies 3405-66-075-6064 E 5 R.A.N.

The TSMV Manunda was requisitioned in September 1939 and she was converted into a fulltime hospital ship. HMAS Manunda was officially commissioned on May 25 1940 after which she operated four voyages to the Middle East to bring back wounded troops to Australia. On February 19, 1942 during a Japanese bombing raid whilst the ship was at anchor in Darwin harbour, a bomb hit right through the music room skylight, which exploded down on C deck tragically killing 12 and injuring 157 others. The next day she sailed for Fremantle with 266 patients. Whilst in Fremantle she was repaired and made ready for her next chapter in the war effort.This sea bag belonged to an unknown sailor who served on the hospital ship HMAS Manunda during WWIIA sailor's canvas sea or kit bag used on the TSMN Manunda in WWIIManundatsmv manunda, hmas manunda, hospital ship, wwii, kit bag, sea bag

Toolbox, made by Salvation Army Brigadier Warren Trestrail (1895-1971), during the Great Depression from recycled kerosene tins and packing boxes. It proved to be a useful piece of furniture as the family moved around Australia during various postings within the Australian States and Territories. In World War II, Warren Trestrail embarked with the first convoy of soldiers from Australia to the Middle East and served as Salvation Army welfare officer through the Libyan campaign, at Tobruk, and in Greece. In 1942, it was announced that Salvation Army war services at Darwin would be placed under his direction. He had previously been in charge of South Australian war activities. The item was donated to the Society in 2001 by Sadie Trestrail, who had been a teacher at Kew East Primary School for many years. It is a fine example of vernacular furniture made of recycled materials .Depression-era toolbox constructed from recycled kerosene tins and parts of wooden packing boxes. The five tin drawers are made of sections of kerosene tins with handles soldered to the centre of each new drawer. A number of drawers have separators constructed of tin or aluminium. The wooden planks encasing the the drawers are covered with a degraded shellac coating. An analysis of the interior indicates that the brand names of the original parts are largely extant. furniture - recycled - depession era - 1930s, great depression - 1930s - australia, warren trestrail, salvation army, vernacular furniture

The department of Veterans Affairs organised for an Australian contingent to attend the 75th anniversary of the Gallipoli landings in April 1990. Legacy was asked to nominate 8 junior legatees to be included. This memo accompanied a copy of the report about the trip to the listed Legacy clubs. The report (item 02335) outlines the itinerary and contains the written accounts of the trip from the 8 junior legatees. They were Graham Bradford and his twin brother Philip Bradford from Darwin, Naomi Byles from Busselton WA, Declan Deasey from Melbourne, Samantha Falconer from Hobart, Michelle Hall from Brisbane, Stephen Haynes from Canberra and David Taylor from Bathurst.Records the importance the Department of Veteran Affairs placed on junior legatees that they were invited to attend the 75th anniversary of Gallipoli landings in 1990.Black and white A4 photocopy of a memo sent from Canberra Legacy to accompany a copy of the report.75th anniversary, gallipoli, junior legatees

British born artist John Wolseley relocated to Australia in 1976, where he travelled extensively through the outback mainly recording the natural history of remote north Australia in large, minutely detailed paintings. Since 2009, he has travelled to Darwin annually to continue his exploration of the Top End, visiting Arnhem Land and Daly River to work with Indigenous artists to research and capture the detail and essence of particular landscapes. His works reflect how landscape can be thought of as fields of energy in which plant forms move or dance with rhythmic life. After The Fire - Leaf Surge represents the vibrant regrowth of new foliage emerging from a landscape recently ravaged by fire.

A cutting from from a Melbourne Legacy President's report showing a photo of Legatee Bruce M Hall (President of Melbourne Legacy in 1977). It was collected to be a record of a photo of past presidents. Legatee Bruce Hall was the son of Legatee Ray Hall (president in 1931) and nephew of Legatee Rex Hall (president in 1933). In World War 2 Legatee Bruce Hall served with the AIF in Darwin and New Guinea with the 6th Division Signals. He joined Legacy in 1958 on the nomination of Legatees Bill Perrin and Roy Nutting. The article was part of an album of past presidents from 1965 to 1989. The folder included biographical details and obituaries, eulogies and death notices of prominent Legatees. The items have been catalogued separately.A record of Legatee Bruce Hall a past president of Legacy. The information was collected to record the lives of prominent legatees in a folder.Article with a black and white photo of Legatee Bruce M Hall - President 1977.past presidents, bruce hall

Album full of personal photographs of war experiences for soldier Jack Devlin. Morron covered photograph album with 19 loose pages. Front and back cardboard and leather cover seperate, no spine. Pages held in place by black shoe lace tied on left side. Photographs glued into album on both sides of pages. Total of 103 photos, black and white, 4 photos loose. Each photo has corresponding short handwritten description below or beside it. Album photos range from 1942 - 1945 in locations ranging from Port Moresby, Darwin and Cairns and relate to a soldiers war experiences. Photographs include local people, vehicles, cemetary, bombed out planes, villages. One photo in particular has photo portrait of Jack, serial number VX 142005.Jack Devlin/ 15 Mine Road/ Korumburra/ Vic. Handwritten inside cover. Attached with tape on loose card is another name Mr Lyle Stephenson/ 1 Bayonet/ 1 photo Album. (Posssibly referring to donor.)

Given that the photo is 1936 the first two are possibly, F/O Joshua Roger McDONALD No 86, enlisted 15.1.35. At his death on 10.12.1941 he was Wing Commander No 13 Sqd RAAF Darwin. Flying Hudson No A16-69 himself and 3 crew members were killed when the plane crashed into the sea near Ambon Island, Indonesia. Fl/Lt Robert Frederick DALTON No 37, no details of enlistment date. When he was discharged from the RAAF on 16.12.1947 he was Wing Commander at RSTN Laverton (TD & RS) F/O Frederick Attwood WITTSCHEIBE No 89 enlisted on 15.1.1935. At discharge from the RAAF on 21.5.1946 he was Wing Commander at Station HQ East Sale. There is only one WITTSCHEIBE listed on the nominal role. Refer also Reg No 97.Black & white photo of 3 members of A Flight No 21 Squadron in rectangular black timber frame with wire hanger.Hand written on rear: F/O McDonald, FL/Lt R F Dalton, F/O F A Wittscheibe (Born Bendigo 1913, died Bendigo 1998) A Flight No 2 Squadron, circa 1936.military history, photography - group photograph, raaf

Item souvenired by Mathew Redwood. Item from an Iraqi T - 34 Tank. A rotating dial with a drawn gun under it that would correlate with the actual gun position so the gunner could gauge the gun position with relation to the Hull. REDWOOD Mathew No 3811680/8237166, served 2nd Cavalry Regiment Iraq Secdet V.B in the following areas, Baghdad, Al Kasik, Taji, As Sammawah, Al Muthana Province, Southern Iraq. Mathew enlisted 17.2.1998 in RAEME, served in the following areas Bandiana, training and Workshops on Leopard tanks, Brisbane, Combat support BTN, Darwin, 2 Cav Regt A Sqd,Secdet V Bravo deployment Iraq Nov 2004 - Mar 2005, AMTG II Nov 2005 - June 2006, discharged Feb 2007.Circular plastic Indicator with graduations around the edges, tank outline in the centre, inner and outer graduations in increments of 5.iraqi, tank t - 34, indicators

his medal was issued for schools to commemorate the Queen visit. The Queen visited Victoria from 24 February to 9 March 1954. In 1954 Queen Elizabeth II became the first reigning monarch to tour Australia. She arrived in Sydney with her husband the Duke of Edinburgh on 3 February 1954 and departed the country from Fremantle on 1 April. The visit was tremendously popular. The attractive young Queen was the first royal to tour Australia in twenty years. She graciously endured a gruelling schedule of 33 flights, covering 10,000 miles by air, and 207 car trips, covering 2,000 miles by road and taking 130 hours. She visited approximately 70 country towns, all capital cities except Darwin, and made about 100 speeches.Medal BadgeEIIR Royal Visit 1954 Victoriaroyal visit 1954, badge, victoria, children

Vacuum Road Map of South Australia with Interstate Routes with the Compliments of the Vacuum Oil Company Pty. Ltd. Coloured map of S.A. with car, trucks, aeroplane and petrol bowsers on the map. Map only shows the Southern half of S.A. On the back is Adelaide-Melbourne Routes, Traffic Hints, Eucla to Perth, Tours Around Adelaide, Acknowledgement to the Royal Automobile Association of South Australia, Inc., Darwin-Adelaide Routes, Outlets of Adelaide, Vacuum Products, What to See in Adelaide, Super Plume Ethyl, Making Sure of a Trouble-Free Trip, and the front cover. Also folded in the map is a small map from Hancock's Garage, Kingston with routes from Melbourne to Adelaide and distances. On the back is an advertisement for Hancock's Garage and a map of Kingston. Map folded and kept in a light green cover.map, bill ashman collection - correspondence, vacuum road map of south australia, vacuum oil company pty ltd, commissioner of crown lands for south australia, royal automobile association of south australia, inc.

In 1887 the long established steel toy business of Richard Timmins and Sons of Pershore Street Birmingham was sold to W C Wynn & sons, of Commercial Street Birmingham. They proceeded to extend their works and eventually concentrated on the amalgamation of both businesses under the name of Wynn and Timmins at the one address in Commercial Street. In 1892 they were incorporated as a Limited Company and by 1914 were known as the manufacturers of hand tools for all trades, iron and steel stampers, die sinker, and in the process of press working in sheet and metal for various items. The company around this time employed 200 people and the directors of the company in 1914 were W. H. Wynn, H. S. Wynn, W. L. Wynn. In 1929 they were producing tools under the heart brand until in 1969 the company was taken over by Balfour and Darwins of Sheffield, and the manufacturing facility in Birmingham was closed.An early manufacture of tradesman's tools, from 1900 into the late 1960s the company was a major suppler of tools to various industries and pioneered a number of improvements for individual hand tools for specific industries.Steel snub nosed pliers designed for a specific use unidentified at this time."WYNN & TIMMINS" stamped into the steel handle tools, pliers, metal pliers, wynn & timmins, birmingham manufacturer, tool manufacturer, richard timmins, sheet metal manufactures

Rev. Graeme Dudley Bence was born into a Methodist family on 24 December 1930 in the coal mining town of Tonyrefail, New South Wales. His family moved to Bornemouth England in 1931. He married Doreen in Bristol on 21 June 1952. Rev. Bence was ordained at East Cliff Congregational Church Bournemouth on 26 May 1953. He was commissioned to the sevice of the London Missionary Society in Papua and subsequently served in Australia starting at Hughesdale Congregational Church from 1958 to 1965 and Wyclif Congregational Chruch Surrey Hills from 1965 to 1972. In 1972 he accepted a call to the Nightcliff Church in Darwin and became Assistant Director of Mission and Service in the Uniting Church of North Australia. The Northern Synod elected Graeme Moderator from 1981 to 1983. He returned to Victoria in 1986 and retired to Rosebud in 1991. He died on 31 July 1994.Head and shoulders drawing in profile of Rev. Graeme Bence.bence, graeme

Five images relating to Colin Campbell Price and military Service. .1) Colin Campbell Price .2) 8th Battalion Senior Cadets at Daylesford, 193? .3) HMAS Albatross 808 Squadron in front of an aeroplane and hanger. .4) Darwin mess mates of Colin Price .5) Twenty uniformed men in 1948 - Fleet Arm - HMS Condor - C4 Conversion Course. Back Row L-R: K. Roberts, J. Lamb, N. Hallas, A. Woods, H. Gid=bson, G. Coker-Godson, M. Green, K. Nicholls, M. Gardener. Centre Row L -R: D. Eastgate, B. Gilroy, R.Smith, G. Foale, J. Sergeant, A. Sara, R. Higgins. Front Row L-R: Colin Price, E. Barker, S. Cox, S. Paul

This booklet was published on the recommendation of the Commonwealth government as part of a plan to offer protection to the people in the event of air strikes. Local councils and individuals were called to help to protect themselves in taking precautions,. The booklet itself sets out action to be taken in the event of an air raid happening, lighting restrictions fire prevention, refuge rooms and garden shelters and risks from air raids. It contains the relevant siren signals which denote different types of events and explains in detail various aspects of preparing for possible attack. There was discussion about issues such as evacuation of children should such an event occur with the focus primarily on the larger centres such as Geelong and Melbourne. From 1942 the number of air attacks increased mainly from Japan on the northern and western parts of Australia including over 60 on Darwin. Attacks continued into 1943 and it wasn’t until later in that year that the Prime Minister, John Curtin announced that the threat of invasion had passed.While the link to Warrnambool’s history is tenuous, it was a government publication to all persons in the state of Victoria in 1941.This item relates to a significant period in Australia’s history. All Australians were affected by the war. It has historical and scientific or research interest as it gives a number of diagrams and possible plans and the effectiveness of same. Olive green soft card cover with black text. 36 pages, with 2 extra pages depicting plans for shelters pasted inside back cover. Victorian coat of arms at top of cover.April 1941. H. E. Daw, Government printer. Forward by Sir John Harris KBE MLC Minister of Public Instruction and Public Healthhistory of warrnambool, air raid precautions 1941

Awarded to Alan Bowers (A236814) who was a R.A.A.F. dental mechanic who serverd during WWII including service in Darwin, and then continued in the R.A.A.F. for some years after the end of WWII The Royal Australian Air Force (and all Commonwealth Air Forces) Long Service and Good Conduct Medal: Awarded to NCOs and ORs of the RAAF (RAF, RCAF etc) for 15 years service. A cupro-nickel plated medal, the obverse features the sovereign's head, the reverse features the crown and eagle emblem of the RAAF (and RAF). Officers are eligible for the award provided they have served a minimum 12 years in the ranks. The riband is dark blue and maroon with white edges. This medal ceased to be awarded in Australia in 1975 when it was replaced by the National Medal (and sbsequently the DFSM and DLSM) in the Australian system of honours and awards. http://www.heritagemedals.com.au/medals-1/service-long-service/air-force-long-service-and-good-conduct-medal.html History of the RAAF Dental Branch It took six years following the formation of the RAAF in 1921 for the first Dental Clinic to be established at Point Cook, Victoria. On 10th June 1927 Flying Officer James Carl Rosenbrock commenced work as an RAAF Dental Officer for the FlyingTraining School at Point Cook. As personnel numbers were still relatively small, Rosenbrock was also responsible for the dental care of all Victorian RAAF units, which involved treating members at 1AD Laverton, as well as Air Force Headquarters at Victoria Barracks in Melbourne. As Army Dental Officers were currently caring for RAAF personnel at Richmond, NSW, the Senior Dental Officer of the 3rd Military District in Victoria (SDO 3MD) requested through the military board that a similar arrangement be established, where that the newly appointed RAAF Dentist provide part time dental services to the Army units stationed at Queenscliff. This was seen as an effective reciprocal arrangement, with both units having a Dental Officer in attendance for, in total, around 3-4 weeks a year. Rosenbrock continued to serve as the sole RAAF Dental Officer until the middle of 1933, when the Air Board asked for his service to be terminated following ‘behaviour unbecoming of a RAAF officer'. He had borrowed several sums of money, of around 40 Pounds or so, from junior ranks on base (as well as from the Regimental Sergeant Major) and had failed to pay the money back. He was replaced by a fellow Victorian, FLGOFF Norman Henry Andrews, on the 18th Sep 1933, who went on to become our first Director of Dental Services, and was instrumental in establishing the organisations and conditions of the Branch that are still present today. Through a fair amount of persistence and hard work on the part of Norman Andrews, the RAAF Dental Branch began to expand from 1937, with the introduction of 2 additional positions, at RAAF station Richmond, and at the FlyingTraining School at Point Cook. This gave the RAAF 3 uniformed Dental Officers, which was expanded to 5 in the months leading up to WW2. 4 of these Dental Officers were based in Victoria and 1 at Richmond, with the other two RAAF units being cared for by the Army (as in the case of Pearce in WA) or by civilians (as in Darwin). With the sudden increase in RAAF personnel required at the outbreak of WW2, the number of RAAF Dental Officers increased dramatically, from 5 in 1939, 28 in 1940, 64 in 1941, 147 in 1942, 193 in 1943, 219 in 1944, and peaking at 227 in 1945. RAAF Dental Officers were required to work in a variety of locations, both in and out of Australia. Between 1940 and 1942 a massive construction programme occurred, with new dental clinics being established around Australia. Priority was given to aircrew training units in order to get these personnel dentally fit for operational deployment, but Dental Officers could equally find themselves posted to recruit depots, fixed stations, medical clearance stations, mobile dental sections, and RAAF and civilian hospitals. RAAF Dental Officers were posted to the large dental centres at Ascot Vale (Vic) and Bradfield Park (NSW) when first appointed, where they received military and clinical training, before being deployed to their needed location. Mobile Dental Units When Japan entered the war in 1941, the rapid deployment of troops to northern operational areas with less than ideal dental fitness was extremely high. As a result, the RAAF deployed a range of mobile dental units, either alone or with medical sections, to support the increasing number of isolated deployed personnel within Australia and overseas. There were three types of mobile unit used: a. Mobile Dental Unit – relied on using either a semi-trailer to get around or by building a surgery directly on to the truck chassis, and installing hydraulic chairs, units, x-rays, and laboratory equipment. They were able to move around between small units, such as RAAF radar stations, where they could plug into the local power supply and work immediately. b. Transportable Dental Units – used for stops of longer duration, where field equipment was carried in panniers from one unit to another by road or rail and housed in whatever accommodation was available at the destination. They were often carried within Australia on Tiger Moths and Dakota aircraft. c. Itinerant Dental Units – in some areas, the dental equipment was installed at the RAAF unit and the Dental Officer and their staff would travel from unit to unit, using the equipment available at each location. RAAF Dental BadgeAs the war developed in Europe, it soon became obvious that the RAF Dental support was not capable of supporting the increasing numbers of RAAF aircrew that were being sent for service with the RAF, with only enough Dental Officers available to provide one to every 2000 men ( instead of the preferred 1 to 600). As a result, the RAAF provided a mobile dental unit, fitted out in a caravan and pulled by a Ford V8 Coupe, to travel around England in support of RAAF personnel at various squadrons. Some degree of tact was needed to ensure that the RAF did not take this as a comment on the treatment they were providing, but it proved successful in maintaining a satisfactory state of dental fitness in RAAF personnel, and a second mobile unit was soon dispatched. They were also set up with a laboratory on board as well as the surgery, which was a major difference between the RAF and RAAF, as the RAF did not provide dentures for their troops (the RAAF would, providing they had served for 6 years). In 1943 the RAF was no longer able to provide Dental support to Australian troops in the Middle East, which resulted in the need for a transportable dental unit to be deployed from Australia. It functioned in a similar manner to the RAF, by moving from one squadron to another. It served in the Middle East and Africa, from Cairo across North Africa, to Italy, and eventually back to England to treat returned prisoners of war. GPCAPT Norman Andrews The growth and development of the RAAF Dental Branch owes a debt to one man in particular, GPCAPT Norman Andrews. As the second RAAF Dental Officer to enlist on 18 Sep 1933, Andrews became the principal architect of the structure and organisation of the RAAF Dental Branch leading up to and during WW2. Until early 1940, the RAAF Dental Branch was administered by the Director of Medical Services (Air), which placed it under the control of the Army Medical staff. The Army would provide their Inspector of Dental Services for advice whenever needed. In April 1940, the RAAF Medical service separated from the Army, resulting in the control of the RAAF Dental Branch shifting back to the RAAF. Andrews became the first Director of Dental Services, when the position was created in 1943 as recognition of the higher profile the Dental Branch was now playing in the RAAF Medical service. Until this time, Andrews's title had been as the Dental Staff Officer to the RAAF Medical Service. Andrews was responsible for the establishment of the war-time structure of the Dental service, establishing new dental centres at all major bases, creating mobile and transportable dental units, ensuring the continual growth of the Branch, maintaining professional development of staff through the establishment of a professional journal, and by organising renowned lecturers to speak at RAAF bases. He also believed in visiting as many dental units as possible to see for himself what conditions were like and to talk first-hand to staff in remote units. His itinerary during the war years, both in and out of Australia, shows a large number of trips in a variety of modes of transport in order to reach remote areas where units were serving. He was promoted to GPCAPT in July 1944, as the numbers of Dental Officers soon peaked at 227 towards the end of the war (1 GPCAPT, 9 WGCDRs, 60 SQNLDRs, and 157 FLTLTs). After the war, with the reduction in RAAF personnel required in uniform, the Dental Branch also reduced its numbers significantly. By 1947 there were only 18 Dental Officers serving (many part-time), with 1 GPCAPT, 1 WGCDR, 10 SQNLDRs, and 6 FLTLTs, and only 13 by 1950. With the decrease in Branch personnel numbers, the ‘powers to be' saw fit to reduce the Director of Dental Service rank to WGCDR, and as a result Norman Andrews found that in order to continue serving in the RAAF he would have to wear a reduced rank. This appears to have been a contributing factor in his decision to discharge at the relatively early age of 43 and accept an administrative job as Director of the Victorian Government's School Dental Service. Norman Andrews holds the proud honour of being the founder of the RAAF Dental Branch, which during the war was instrumental in educating servicemen of the importance of dental health and maintaining the dental fitness of troops in a variety of areas. Dental Orderlies (Assistants) The dental orderly mustering was first introduced in 1937. Until that time, medical orderlies were assigned to assist the Dental officer with their duties. As early as 1931 it had been noted by both RAAF and Army Dental Officers working in Victoria and Richmond that a lot of the troubles they were having would be solved by appointing a permanent Dental Orderly. Often they would find that the medical orderly they were assigned was a different one each day, and as a result the administration and work in general was very inefficient. By 1937, with the increase in Dental Officers to 3, it was realised that a Dental Orderly mustering needed to be created. Dental Mechanics/Technicians Before WW2, dental laboratory work was provided by civilian laboratories, as most RAAF units were stationed around metropolitan areas. At this time, service personnel were still required to pay for their own dentures, unless they had served for six years or had their dentures damaged during performance of their duties. In July 1940, mainly in response to the development of more remote RAAF dental units and the increasing demand for dental prostheses, the Dental Mechanic mustering was established. Unfortunately there was a very limited pool of civilian dental mechanics to recruit from, and as a result the RAAF set up a training school at Laverton (which was later moved to Ascot Vale) in June 1941 which conducted an intensive 6 month course in Dental mechanics. Dental mechanics were quickly in demand. In all fixed and mobile dental units at least 1 Mechanic was supplied for each Dental Officer, and indeed the RAAF supplied Dental Mechanics throughout all its deployments, something the RAF were unwilling, or unable, to do. Two grades of dental mechanic existed: the Senior Mechanic (with the rank of NCO), who was competent in all phases of laboratory work; and the Junior Mechanic, who could only handle routine work and not more advanced denture work. The progression to Senior required a further trade test in techniques including setting up, clasp-forming, casting and backing teeth. During the course of the War, two special courses were held for Mechanics. The first, directed at senior mechanics so that they could instruct others, was in 1942 when Acrylic Resin was first introduced as a denture base material, as an alternative to the current option of vulcanite. Later, towards the end of the War, a ‘refresher' course was provided for those that had served for the greatest period of time in order to allow them retraining in techniques that they had not practised during their service and which were common in civilian life. This included cast base dentures, crowns and bridges, partial dentures, and retainers. Towards the end of the War, a course was held with WAAAF trainees to train them as Mechanics. However, as the War was soon to end they never had the opportunity to progress within the mustering to become Senior Mechanics. The RAAF Dental Branch has survived 75 years of turbulence, with reviews of its viability occurring regularly every few years from as early as 1937. The Branch continues to provide excellent service to the ADF community and, despite reduced manpower, will continue to play an important role in Air Force Health operations. http://www.defence.gov.au/health/about/docs/RAAFDental.pdf40cm cupro-nickel plated medal, the obverse features the sovereign's head, the reverse features the crown and eagle emblem of the RAAF (and RAF). A23814 BOWERS.A. A. F.r.a.a.f long service medal, r.a.a.f good conduct, r.a.a.f. dental service medal