Hugo Wertheim (1854–1919) arrived in Melbourne in 1875. He became a successful agent for sewing machines manufactured by his father’s cousin Joseph Wertheim in Frankfurt, Germany. Hugo married Joseph’s daughter Sophie Emilie and they settled in Melbourne. Hugo made many trips back to the main factory in Germany and, with extensive advertising, established a thriving business for sewing machines, bicycles, pianos under various ‘brand names’ - Wertheim, Electra, Planet, Griffin, Hapsburg. It has been said that Dame Nellie Melba preferred a Wertheim piano for her performances. In 1908 Hugo opened a large piano factory in Bendigo St Richmond, Victoria. His son Herbert maintained the business until the factory closed in 1935.The pioneer settlers and market gardeners of Moorabbin Shire had to be self reliant and made their own clothing and utensils. This sewing machine was one of many items they used to exhibit the skill and craftsmanship of the women in these families. A sewing machine was a necessary part of each home.A Wertheim hand–crank sewing machine c1880. The hand machine was operated by turning the handle. The hand machine could also be fitted to a stand with table and draws, the machine could then be used by hand or foot. This type of sewing machine was widely used in many homes, in an era when hand-made clothes were the “norm”, and clothes were mended, or ‘re-made’ into another garment 'WERTHEIM' across body of machinemelbourne, clothing, brighton, moorabbin, germany, piano, pioneers, richmond, bentleigh, dressmaking, market gardeners, early settlers, craftwork, sewing machines, wertheim hugo, wertheim joseph

Two seat carriage drawn by single horse. Manufactured and sold by Holden and Frost of AdelaideFour wheeled carriage with the driver and passenger area covered with a coated canvas canopy, four wooden wheels and set up to be pulled by one horse only. A small cargo tray affixed behind main seat. Lanterns also fixed to both sides of carriagecarraige, horse drawn, single horse

From 1845, separate and competing volunteer fire brigades were established in Melbourne and grew in number. Following the passage of the Fire Brigades Act 1890 and the creation of the Metropolitan Fire Brigade (MFB) on 1 May 1891, the 56 volunteer brigades that then existed were disbanded and the firefighters were invited to join the MFB. The MFB was abolished in 2020 and the firefighters absorbed into the newly established Fire Rescue Victoria.White coloured rectangular shaped card printed in black on both sides. Hole in top left hand corner.Front Metropolitan Fire Brigade. The Ninth Annual Ball. Orderly Room (Corner of Albert and Gisborne Streets) EAST MELBOURNE, Friday, 11th October, 1901. MFB QUADRILLE. 1st Fig. 1st Set; 3rd Fig, 1st Set; 3rd Fig. Lancers; Spanish Waltz; Circassian Figure. JARRETT'S BAND. J. C. PRICE, M. C. Stewards: MESSRS. H. HARRISON 7 R. GLENNON W. CAVE, Hon. Sec. Back: List of dances, against which some names and initials have been written by handmetropolitan fire brigade, orderly room - east melbourne, jarrett's band, 20th century, melbourne - history

The Kiewa Valley has promoted itself as a tourist hot spot since the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme concluded. Mt Beauty began as a construction town and was to be sold off but tourism became promising so the SECV handed the town over to the Bright Shire, houses were sold and businesses commenced. From the early 1960s the town promoted itself and Falls Creek as a tourist destination. The Kiewa Valley Accommodation group combined with the local advertisers to publish this brochure.This brochure promotes tourism all year round promoting the local businesses enabling them to succeed. As tourism is the main industry in Mt Beauty and Falls Creek since the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme finished, this advertising is important. It is interesting to note the businesses - their type, their location and the comparison with those in the area now.19 black and white pages including maps and advertisements. Cover is a 'washed' color of a hut in the bush. The title is in black across the top and at the bottom right hand corner. The front cover is in 'landscape' format but the rest of the book is 'portrait'.mt beauty; falls creek; kiewa valley; tourism; north east victoria

The Buddhist monk Guangqia visited Karl Duldig’s studio on two consecutive days, in the company of the noted Chinese writer, Professor Yu Dafu, a friend of Karl’s. Karl made two portraits of the monk, the first depicting him sitting, and the second in a standing pose. The portraits were drawn using a Chinese brush and Indian ink. Surviving sketches in the Studio’s collection indicate that Karl thought about creating a life-size sculpture later on, but this was not realised. Guangqia added inscriptions in his own hand to both drawings and stamped them with a red seal. The seated drawing has an inscription in which he quoted from a Buddhist poem, ‘A Contented Mind’ by the scholar Lingfeng of Mt Tiantai. In the summer I went to visit the Austrian sculptor Duldig with Professor Yu Da Fu. My virtue is slight – I cannot accept your offerings and gifts; I am amply rewarded by the clouds and springs. Rather than a table laden with pearl-like rice, I prefer the wind and leaves falling on my bed. Sitting quietly on my meditation cushion Is sweeter than the wheat offered by a thousand families. The pity is that I am gradually growing old; My bitter journey is not worthy of your offerings. The second drawing has a quote from a Buddhist poem on the study of Chán (Zen) Buddhism, by the famed Chán master, Dàjiàn Huìnéng (638–713): The portrait, with its figure positioned on a scroll-like ground and inscription is reminiscent of traditional Zen Buddhist portraiture. In this school of portraiture, which stretched back to at least the thirteenth century, monks were depicted sitting or standing facing the viewer, and typically the monk added an autographic inscription to the portrait. The portraits were often passed from master to disciple, continuing the disciples’ journey of spiritual enlightenment and were revered for their association with remarkable or holy priests. The Buddhist monk, Guangqai who added his inscription and stamp to the drawings would most certainly have been aware of this tradition. It is likely that Karl was aware of this tradition, one of the points where the studio’s collections of art works from Singapore intersect with the earlier Viennese collections can be found in the Library where a catalogue of an exhibition, 'Ausstellung Ostasiatischer Malerie und Graphik' is held. The Viennese Friends of Asian Art and Culture and the Albertina Museum staged this exhibition of East Asian painting and graphic works in 1932. Such was the internationalism of Duldig’s education in Vienna, that adaption to a new environment and culture in the Straits Settlement was swift, and he was able to interpret the artistic traditions of the place, and make them his own. It is part of the strength of the collection, that in many cases contemporary supporting documentation for the works of art is available. In this case there is a photograph of the Monk with Yu Ta-fu, and Karl and Eva Duldig, outside the studio at the time the drawings were made. Ann Carew 2016The portraits of Guangqai have national and international aesthetic significance. The works of art demonstrate the artist’s skill in capturing the physical appearance and demeanour of his subject, and his ability to adapt his working methods to incorporate traditional Asian materials and cultural practices. The portrait is one of few examples in Melbourne of a central European modernist artists working in, and engaging with Asia, during this period and it is culturally and aesthetically significant for this reason. The portraits are also historically interesting in documenting the life and experiences of Karl Duldig in the Straits Settlement (Singapore). Ann Carew 2016Brush drawing in chinese ink on paper. Seated Buddhist Monk. Chinese calligraphy hand written in black ink. Two red stamps under calligraphy.Signed Karl Duldig in l.r. corner. Dated Singapore 1940 in l.l. corner.

This saw is used for cutting curved edges of timber. It could have been used in the home or for commercial building purposes. The hand-held saw has largely now been replaced by electrically-operated machines. This item has no known local provenance but it is an interesting example of a hand-held tool of the past.This is a hand saw with a thin serrated metal blade. The blade is affixed to the bottom end of a wooden frame with two upright pieces and a cross piece affixed to the upper part of the frame. The top part of the frame has a piece of plaited rope stretched across. The top part of the frame has two wooden handles. The blade is somewhat rusted and the wooden parts and the rope are stained. vintage tools, history of warrnambool

This piece of fabric in the design of the Republic of Vietnam’s flag was cut from a roll carried by Military Assistance Command Vietnam operatives when they went around the villages, compounds and outposts. As part of the ‘Hearts and Minds’ program, they would cut off sections and hand them out to anyone who wanted a bit. Some pieces became flags, some head scarves, some were even used to wrap babies. Pieces showed up everywhere. Collected by Sub-Lieutenant A C Perry, Royal Australian Navy Helicopter Flight Vietnam (RAN HFV) 1969 -1970. RAN HFV ) served with the 135th Assault Helicopter Company of the US Army. The Americans named this combined unit the 'experimental military unit' (EMU). Framed fabric piece, yellow with three red stripes, representing the South Vietnam flag plus 3 helicopter unit patches mounted on right hand side SOUTH VIETNAM FLAG/ HELICOPTER UNIT/ SHOULDER PATCHES/ FROM VIETNAM WAR/ KINDLEY ON LOAN FROM/ ANDY PERRY (SS US)/ ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVYsouth vietnam flag, helicopter patches, arvn, perry, 135th, 135thahc, emu, ranhfv, navy helicopter, andy perry, hearts and minds

James Hamilton (1740-1827) joined the fledgling Methodist society and became a local preacher. He helped John Wesley to organise Methodism in Scotland. He became an influential member at Wesley's Chapel in City Road London. John Wesley 1703-1791 was the founder of Methodism.Printed etching mounted on timber. Depicts 3 men in profile view as they walk down the street.1. James Hamilton M.D. 2. Revd. John Wesley M.A. 3. Revd. Joseph Cole Drawn as they were seen walking in the Streetjames hamilton, rev john wesley, rev joseph cole, methodist

Black and White photograph mounted onto heavy cardboard, original Victorian Railways Print, of Sturt St, looking east from the Ballarat City Fire Station tower, late 1930's, 1938? Photo has two trams east bound in the photo, along with a few motor vehicles. In the photo are a street side Garage, a bakery, Golden City Hotel, Town Hall, St. Patricks Church and Harry Davies & Co. Drapers and importers. Has title "Sturt Street, Ballarat" printed onto a label and fixed to the print. Victorian Railways Photograph - now held by State Library. Original photo will have copyright provisions. On rear of photograph, notes print ex ARHS, ex carriage 30AV, and in top right hand corner date 1938. On rear of photograph in top right hand corner "1938", central area of photo "725" in pencil, and lower central portion of the photo (in Warren Doubleday hand writing), "From A.R.H.S ex 30 AV".trams, tramways, sturt st, gold city hotel, st patricks, victorian railways

Clydeside Cellar was established by David G. Hamilton, a Scotsman who migrated to the Rutherglen district in 1861. He established a large business including a general store and vineyards. The Hamilton Clydeside brick cellars were built beginning in 1886 and completed in 1892. In August 1914, Messrs B. Seppelt and Sons Ltd. purchased Clydeside Cellars from the Mr. Hamilton’s estate. Due to changing conditions the vineyards were sold in the 1980s and all stock taken back to their property at Seppeltsfield in South Australia. From 1984 until the present the former Clydeside Cellar had several operators including Jolimont Cellars (Doug Shears), Tony Lamb and the 2 different Asian owned conglomerates operating as Rutherglen Estates. In 2018 Rutherglen Estate was purchased by De Bortoli Family Winemakers of Griffiths, NSW.This jug is representative of an historic and Australian Winemaker located in Northeast Victoria.An earthenware wine jug produced the House of Seppelt Clydeside Cellar at Rutherglen, VIctoria. The jug has a tradition loop handle and cork stopper.The bottom half of the jug is a traditional beige colour with a blue section. There are images in black on both sides of the jug. Originally it would have had a wax seal over the stopper to preserve effective closure to protect the contents from any chance of seepage.On front: "THE HOUSE OF SEPPELT" beneath an image of a Clydesdale drawn beer cart and driver. The image is surrounded by a representation of a horse harness containing the text "CLYDESIDE WINE CELLAR/ RUTHERGLEN" On reverse: an image of horse-drawn beer wagons and workers in front of buildings. Across the front of the building "CLYDESIDE CELLARS RUTHERGLEN / B. SEPPELT & SONS LTD."northeast victorian wineries, clydeside cellar, b. seppelt & son

A colour photograph of Murchison Street from the F.J. Barton Bridge in Marysville in Victoria.A colour photograph of Pack Road from the F.J. Barton Bridge in Marysville in Victoria. Labeling is incorrect. The view is looking down Murchison Street from the F.J. Barton Bridge. The F.J. Barton Bridge was named after Frederick John Barton. The Barton Family were amongst Marysville's first pioneering families. This postcard was published by Nucolorvue Productions as a souvenir of Marysville.NU-COLOR-VUE/ OF / AUSTRALIA MARYSVILLE, VICTORIA. Pack Road from F.J. BARTON/ BRIDGE. PLACE/ STAMP/ HERE POST CARD NCV.172 - NUCOLORVUE PRODUCTIONS PTY. LTD./ COPYRIGHT Printed in Australia (Note our new/ bridge) Hullo Dot,/ Very pleased to/ have the chance to meet someone who/ can tell us your news. All the best from/ all the family here at Marysville/ Terry. Dear Dot,/ Good to hear/ first hand news/ of you. Regards,/ Elsie Walkermarysville, f.j. barton bridge, murchison street, victoria, postcard, souvenir, nucolorvue productions, fj barton

The collection of thirteen model horse drawn vehicles were carefully handmade by Mr Chas W Davis 1925 - 2002. He was a talented artist and saw doctor. These models are of single horse drawn military gun carriages and accessories.Three gun carriages: 1. A brown four wheeled wooden model of a gun carriage for military use with a white horse. The carriage wheels have black rims with grey painted spokes. There is a brown storage box at the front for the driver with a brown vinyl padded seat.Three wooden slats form the footrest. A gun cleaning rod and lighter rod are attached to the back of the narrow support tray towards the back wheels. The saddled horse is linked to the carriage by a wooden shaft. A gun carriage is a frame and mount that supports the gun barrel of an artillery piece allowing it to be maneuvered and fired. These platforms often had wheels so that the artillery pieces could be moved more easily. 2. A brown large two wheeled gun carriage with no horse. The wheels have grey painted spokes and black rims. There is a cleaning rod and a lighting rod attached to the carriage shaft near the wheels. An additional accessory is included of a black vinyl saddle with lambswool lining as well as clips for attaching to the horse tack. 3. A grey two large wheeled gun carriage with no horse. The wheels have grey painted spokes and black rims. There is a cleaning rod and a lighting rod attached to the carriage shaft near the wheels. There is a chain to attach the carriage to the horse tack.56 VIR (3rd VIR)military vehicles, military models, gun carriages, military equipment

Reproduction slide of a coloured postcard showing Flinders St station, about 1910 after the completion of construction. Photo has a number of cable trams in the view, horse drawn vehicles, including a horse drawn wagon carrying barrels.Yields information about Flinders St station after the completion of construction in 1910.Kodachrome cardboard duplicate slide - Colour - reproduction postcard - Flinders Street Station c1910 "CB17" in penciltrams, tramways, cable cars, cable trams, flinders st station, horse drawn vehicles

From the album of WWI soldier William West (1268) of the 29 Infantry Battalion, 5th Pioneers Battalion. These postcards, photographs and clippings were sent to William's family and loved ones during the years he was on active service. See also 207 and 220. 3. "Soldier's diary / The touch of a vanished hand" refers to the diary of Private Percival SHERRIFF 3405 5th Battalion born at Ballarat and was killed in action on 20/8/1916 in France. Newspaper cuttings.1."Diggers at ANZAC house reunion" 2. "Song of the Wattle Bloom" 3. "Soldier's diary / The touch of a vanished hand" 4. "A parody on 'Blighty'"album, photo album, newspaper clippings, postcard, wwi

One of a collection of over 400 photographs in an album commenced in 1960 and presented to the Phillip Island & Westernport Historical Society by the Shire of Phillip IslandPhotograph of a Portrait of Surgeon George Bass seated facing half on with hands crossed at wrist and cane in left hand"Surgeon George Bass". Sailing from Sydney in an open Whale Boat with six chosen seamen. He discovered Phillip Island on January 5th, 1798 at 7 o'clock in the morning.local history, photography, photographs, exploration, maritime, phillip island, george bass, john jenner, bryant west

Daimler #4 after collision damage in 1928Daimler with damage to left hand front and rear mudguards and left hand front door, circa 1926-1933police vehicles; daimler car; transport; motor police branch; wireless patrol

Port of Portland Authority archivesFront: (no inscriptions) Back: (no inscriptions)port of portland archives, portrait photography, jack stanford, alex kinnard, presentation

2 Hand Made Split Wood Roofing Shingles with Hand made nail. Old Post Telegraph Office stawell

Yields information about the closure of the SEC Ballarat system in particular the changes made to Bridge St.Newspaper clipping pasted onto a single sheet of paper with two Punch holes on the left hand side with one hole through the photograph within the cutting. Clipping from The Courier, Ballarat, Monday, 23/8/1971 (newspaper date, with page 10), with a photo and associated caption of Council employees painting out parking lines in Bridge St. in preparation for a bus stop. Has a single truck tram in the photo heading along Bridge St. for the city. Caption notes that the work was being done in preparation for the bus service introduction. Photograph taken either Saturday afternoon after shops closed or on Sunday as street has very few cars in it. See Reg item 3767 for print of photograph. 1069.2 - copy of cutting, image added 10/9/2013, from a donation by Dave Macartney.In red ink in upper central right hand corner, "21/8/71"trams, tramways, closure, bus changeover, bridge st, bus stops

Valda Arrowsmith purchased this tea cosy and donated it to the society.Cream linen tea cosy with scalloped edge. Both sides are embroidered in different colours and design. One side has a horseshoe in gold silk thread and green leaves entwined in green silk thread. Scallops in green silk thread The other side has a cross, worked in drawn thread. The scallops are worked in gold silk with embroidered flowers in the centre of each. Both sides are hemmed with drawn thread.manchester, table linen, domestic items, food & drink consumption, handcrafts, embroidery

Donated by donor and belonged to late husband's grandmotherFine Cotton Supper Cloth 98 cm sq.Drawn threadwork, and white embroidery. Flower design of three petal flowers, long leaves in four corners, and 10cm crochet lace border around the edge. Design is of diamond shaped lozenges with zig-zag edge. Drawn threadwork squared in corners intersect embroidered stems. Drawn threadwork rectangular shape in centre has round needlework medallions in corners.MM in black inkmanchester, table linen, handcrafts, embroidery, crocheting or crochet work

This book was purchased by a World War One Australian solder on the Western Front.Small brown covered booklet containing 10 postcards. Maubeuge embossed light brown on darker brown on front right hand side top of cover. Maubeuge embossed light brown on darker brown on front right hand side top of cover. "Cartes Vues Detachables" on LHS bottom corner of front cover, Nels on RHS bottom corner (in a circle border of dark brown). Verso: Back cover; "Cartes Vuews Exiger la marque" printed in a circular style on centre back with Nels in a brown bordered circle inside it. maubeuge, cartes vues, postcard, nels, la sambre, place d'armes, monument, monument carnot, les remparts, porte de mons, l'eglise, caserne joyeuse, calsse d'epargne, cercie militaire, la mairie, maubeuge, cartes vues, postcard, nels, la sambre, place d'armes, monument, monument carnot, les remparts, porte de mons, l'eglise, caserne joyeuse, calsse d'epargne, cercie militaire, la mairie

The Melbourne District Nursing Service (MDNS) Sister is massaging the left hand of the patient. The Sister is wearing her grey cotton uniform dress and red cardigan under her white gown. A red Maltese cross emblazoned on her peaked hat. The Trained nurses of the Melbourne District Nursing Society (MDNS), later known as Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), visited patients in their home and gave best practice care in many fields of nursing, and to people of many cultures, throughout its 130 years of expansion. Initial visits not only assessed the specific nursing situation but the situation as a whole. Their patients ranged in age from babes, children, adults to the elderly and referrals were taken from Hospitals, General Practitioners and allied Health facilities. Some of the care the Sisters provided is as follows: – Post-Natal care given to mother and babe, Wound Care following various types of surgery, accidents, burns, cancer, leg ulcers etc. Supervising and teaching Diabetic Care, including teaching and supervising people with Diabetes to administer their own Insulin, and administering Insulin to those unable to give their own injections. Administering other injections and setting up weekly medication boxes. The Sisters performed Catheterizations on adults suffering from conditions such as Quadriplegia, Paraplegia, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Motor Neurone Disease (MND) and Guillan-Barre Syndrome, and when required at school on children for e.g. those with Spina Bifida. The Sisters visited those requiring Cystic Fibrosis support and care; those requiring Haemo-Oncology care, including visiting children at school; those requiring Home Enteral Feeding care, and those requiring IV therapy at home and home Dialysis. Palliative Care was given including pain relief with the use of syringe drivers, personal care as needed, and advice and support to both patient and family. The Sisters provided Stoma management to those needing Urostomy, Ileostomy and Colostomy care and those requiring Continence care. HIV/AIDS nursing care was provided; visits to Homeless Persons were made. Personal care was given to patients ranging in age and with varying mobility problems, such as those with MS, MND, Guillan-Barre Syndrome, Poliomyelistis, Quadriplegia, Paraplegia, Acquired Brain Injury, to those following a Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke), those with severe Arthritis and those with a form of Dementia. When necessary the elderly were assisted with personal care and advice given on safety factors with the use of hand rails, bath or shower seats, and hand showers. Rehabilitation with an aim towards independence remained at the forefront of the Sister’s minds and when possible using aids and instruction on safe techniques enabled the person to become fully independent. All care included giving advice and support to the patient and their Carers. The Sisters liaised with the persons Doctor, Hospital and allied Health personal when necessary.On the left of the black and white photograph is a a lady laying in her bed, and to her right is a Melbourne District Nursing Service, (MDNS), Sister sitting beside her. The Sister is wearing glasses, and has a white gown over her uniform; with the grey collar of her uniform and dark sleeves of her cardigan in view. The Sister is wearing her grey peaked uniform hat, with a Maltese cross emblazoned in the centre front, over her short dark curled hair. The Sister has her hands on the left hand of the lady, who is wearing glasses, has white curly hair, and is wearing a crocheted shawl over her grey nightgown. Her head is resting on the pillow on her bed which has a dark bedhead, .Light coloured bedding covers most of her body.Photographers stamp and 'Quote No. DW 86'mdns, melbourne district nursing service, mdns patient care

Frank Wright was a renown resident of Smeaton, where he was born. He lived at Laura Villa, and attended Smeaton State School. His father William was a gold miner and his mother's name was Sarah. Sarah spent six months in New Zealand in 1910. William and Sarah's family won many singing and instrumental awards. Frank was tutored by Percy Code and was awarded a gold medal for the highest marks in the ALCM examinations in the British Colonies at the age of seventeen years. He became the Australian Open Cornet Champion by the age of eighteen. A year later, Frank conducted the City of Ballarat Band, and later the Ballarat Soldiers’ Memorial Band. He formed the Frank Wright Frisco Band and Frank Wright and his Coliseum Orchestra. These bands won many South Street awards, and Frank as conductor won many awards in the Australian Band Championship contest. In 1933 Frank Wright sailed to England to conduct the famous St Hilda’s Band and was later appointed Musical Director of the London County Council, where he organized many amazing concerts in parks, in and around the London district. He was made Professor of Brass and Military Band Scoring and conducted at the Guildhall of Music and Drama. Frank was often invited to adjudicate Brass Band Championships around Europe, in Australia, including South Street and in New Zealand. The Frank Wright Medal at the Royal South Street competition is awarded to an individual recognized as making an outstanding contribution to brass music in Australia.Hand-coloured postcard in which the picture is framed by a border of a leaf and vine pattern. The picture is of the lower arms of a woman from the left hand side of the card and a man from the right hand side of the card shaking hands in the middle. Behind and below the hands is a small map of New Zealand in a golden circle. New Zealand fern is positioned from the circle up behind the arms to the top of the card on both sides and above the hands is a depiction of a ship sailing on the sea.The postcard contains a message to Frank Wright from his mother who is visiting New Zealand.frank wright, sarah wright, new zealand, postcard

Made and imported by Swedish company, Husqvarna, this machine was used to mince larger pieces of meat. The grinder was clamped securely to a table, and meat was then fed into the machine through the funnel at the top. The wooden crank handle was turned, moving the spiral grinding mechanism, and pushing the meat through the sieve-like fitting at the end. While hand mincers were ubiquitous in the late nineteenth and early twentieth-century kitchens, and was responsible for reducing food waste and promoting frugal ideals, the Husqvarna brand sold over 12 million worldwide.Hand operated mincing machine, larger than usual, with multi small holed attachment in place. Tin plating worn off top edge of bell. Plan wooden handle. Stamped with name, number, etc.HUSQVARNA 10 one side; also on attachment holder. RELIANCE/MADE IN SWEDEN + five pointed star on other side. "H" stamped on crank inside.husqvarna, mincer, hand, kitchen tool

Belaying Pin: A belaying pin is a solid metal or wooden object used on traditionally rigged sailing vessels to secure lines of running sale rigging. Largely replaced on most modern vessels by cleats, but are still used, particularly on square-rigged ships. A belaying pin is composed of a round handle and cylindrical shaft. The shaft is inserted into a hole in various strategically located wooden pin rails that line the extension of a ship's side above the level of the deck and the surrounding the base of masts, or free-standing, called (fife rails) up to the base of the pins handle. A line is then led under and behind the base of the pin then round the top in a figure-8 pattern for at least four turns. The excess line is coiled and stored neatly by taking a bight from the upper part of the final strand, looping it over and round beneath the coil, then twisting it once or more before slipping the twisted end over the top of the belaying pin to secure the coil in place. The subject item seems to have been hand made possibly by a crew member to while away his time at sea given the item is hand carved and rather personalised in appearance. History of the Loch Ard: The Loch Ard got its name from ”Loch Ard” a loch which lies to the west of Aberfoyle, and the east of Loch Lomond. It means "high lake" in Scottish Gaelic. The vessel belonged to the famous Loch Line which sailed many vessels from England to Australia. The Loch Ard was built in Glasgow by Barclay, Curdle and Co. in 1873, the vessel was a three-masted square-rigged iron sailing ship that measured 79.87 meters in length, 11.58 m in width, and 7 m in depth with a gross tonnage of 1693 tons with a mainmast that measured a massive 45.7 m in height. Loch Ard made three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its fateful voyage. Loch Ard left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of 29-year-old Captain Gibbs, who was newly married. The ship was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. Onboard were straw hats, umbrella, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionery, linen and candles, as well as a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead and copper. There were other items included that were intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880. The voyage to Port Phillip was long but uneventful. Then at 3 am on June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs was expecting to see land. But the Loch Ard was running into a fog which greatly reduced visibility. Captain Gibbs was becoming anxious as there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. At 4 am the fog lifted and a lookout aloft announced that he could see breakers. The sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast came into view, and Captain Gibbs realised that the ship was much closer to them than expected. He ordered as much sail to be set as time would permit and then attempted to steer the vessel out to sea. On coming head-on into the wind, the ship lost momentum, the sails fell limp and Loch Ard's bow swung back towards land. Gibbs then ordered the anchors to be released in an attempt to hold its position. The anchors sank some 50 fathoms - but did not hold. By this time the ship was among the breakers and the tall cliffs of Mutton Bird Island rose behind. Just half a mile from the coast, the ship's bow was suddenly pulled around by the anchor. The captain tried to tack out to sea, but the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. Waves subsequently broke over the ship and the top deck became loosened from the hull. The masts and rigging came crashing down knocking passengers and crew overboard. When a lifeboat was finally launched, it crashed into the side of Loch Ard and capsized. Tom Pearce, who had launched the boat, managed to cling to its overturned hull and shelter beneath it. He drifted out to sea and then on the flood tide came into what is now known as Loch Ard Gorge. He swam to shore, bruised and dazed, and found a cave in which to shelter. Some of the crew stayed below deck to shelter from the falling rigging but drowned when the ship slipped off the reef into deeper water. Eva Carmichael a passenger had raced onto the deck to find out what was happening only to be confronted by towering cliffs looming above the stricken ship. In all the chaos, Captain Gibbs grabbed Eva and said, "If you are saved Eva, let my dear wife know that I died like a sailor". That was the last Eva Carmichael saw of the captain. She was swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He dived in and swam to the exhausted woman and dragged her to shore. He took her to the cave and broke the open case of brandy which had washed up on the beach. He opened a bottle to revive the unconscious woman. A few hours later Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He followed hoof prints and came by chance upon two men from nearby Glenample Station three and a half miles away. In a complete state of exhaustion, he told the men of the tragedy. Tom then returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. By the time they reached Loch Ard Gorge, it was cold and dark. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. He was presented with the first gold medal of the Royal Humane Society of Victoria and a £1000 cheque from the Victorian Government. Concerts were performed to honour the young man's bravery and to raise money for those who lost family in the disaster. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost her family in the tragedy. Ten days after the Loch Ard tragedy, salvage rights to the wreck were sold at auction for £2,120. Cargo valued at £3,000 was salvaged and placed on the beach, but most washed back into the sea when another storm developed. The wreck of Loch Ard still lies at the base of Mutton Bird Island. Much of the cargo has now been salvaged and some items were washed up into Loch Ard Gorge. Cargo and artefacts have also been illegally salvaged over many years before protective legislation was introduced in March 1982. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton majolica peacock- one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne 1880 International Exhibition in. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artifact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register. The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefacts from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefacts from this notable Victorian shipwreck. The collections object is to also give us a snapshot into history so we are able to interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. The collections historically significance is that it is associated unfortunately with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history. Wooden belaying pin with leaf design on the handle (hand made).Has the words Loch Ard faintly inscribed on handle (Artifact Rego No LA/32)flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, wooden belaying pin