Showing 117 items
matching bendigo heritage buildings
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Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - STRAUCH COLLECTION: EAGLEHAWK HERITAGE SERIES CARDS
Eaglehawk Heritage Series cards number 1 - 8 produced by Eaglehawk Heritage Society 1996 with black 7 white photographs of Eaglehawk buildings then & now.eaglehawk, history, buildings, eaglehawk-history-buildings -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - PRIVATE LIVES, PUBLIC HERITAGE
A booklet titled ' Private Lives, Public Heritage.' An exhibition of Historic Photographs presented by Bendigo Art Gallery in conjunction with the Museum of Victoria. Sponsored by the Bendigo Advertiser and the Bendigo Building Society. Cambridge Press Bendigo.1988. bottom left corner of front cover has a number sticker, 0124 THO Original copy not in this box.MOSAIC number unrelated to items in Box 147 Found copy added to box 16.20.2023. BPbendigo, history, photographs, exhibition, photography, photographs, history, bendigo, bendigo history. bottom left corner of the front cover has a number sticker, 0124 tho. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - NATIONAL TRUST, SUBMISSION FOR THE PRESERVATION OF CERTAIN POST SUPPORTED VERANDAHS IN BENDIGO
Loose page book contains photos and descriptions of cast iron verandah's deemed worthy of preservation in the City of Bendigo. Buildings include: shamrock Hotel, Dr. Long's surgery, Cnr. Mundy and McCrae Sts., Batchelder, 346 McCrae St., Bendigo, Favaloro's, 139 Pall mall, Bendigo Jockey Club, pall Mall, View Point Hotel, Johnson, 274 High St.,Hopetoun Hotel, 147 Mitchell St., Cumberland Hotel, 279 Williamson St., Limerick Castle Hotel, Williamson St., BUFS Dispensary, 75 View St., Rifle Brigade Hotel, 137 View St., Goldmines Hotel, Marong Road, Manchester Arms Hotel, 302 Eaglehawk Rd., Victoria Hotel, 48 High St., Eaglehawk.cottage, miners, bendigo, heritage, verandahs, cast iron work, wrought iron -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BENDIGO/EAGLEHAWK URBAN HERITAGE STUD: STUDY LAUNCH 11TH APRIL 1991, 11/04/1991
... BENDIGO Council Heritage Study Heritage Study Bendigo Eaglehawk ...Bendigo/Eaglehawk Urban Heritage Study - Study Launch 11th April 1991. Three page document with attachments and appendices. Details of Purpose of the Study; Management of the Study (including names of consultants); budget area, strategy, timing etc. Three pages (illustrated of places to visit (46 numbered localities); map of Eaglehawk with 24 numbered locations; Appendices.City of Bendigo, Borough of Eaglehawk, The Historic Buildings Council, Victoria National Estate Committeebendigo, council, heritage study, heritage study, bendigo, eaglehawk. historic building council, victoria national building committee. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BENDIGO HERITAGE ADVISORY SERVICE: REPORT TO COUNCIL, JAN 1987
... Building Council. Reuse of buildings. Bendigo Heritage Advisory ...Bendigo Heritage Advisory Service - Report to Council, Jan 1987, This appears to be a draft report as there are handwritten changes on a number of pages. Report is set out in the form of an Introduction and a Summary. Advisory Service comprised Heritage Advisor, Andrew Ward; Bendigo and Eaglehawk Councils; National Trust; Bendigo Historical Society; MPE and Historic Buildings Council; community representatives??; City of Bendigo - Cr Rod Fyffe, Mr Norm Cameron. Recommendations - Changes to Planning Scheme; Policy encouraging reuse of Buildings; Adoption of Action Plans; Council to encourage Heritage based Tourism; Appropriate development applications encouraged. Attached are seven short papers on specific aspects of heritage planning - 1. a Statement of Bendigo's Significance; 2. The economic importance of heritage planning; 3. Planning Scheme heritage provisions; 4. Procedures for permits; 5. Action plans for Bendigo precincts; 6. Reuse of buildings; 7. Government incentives for heritage conservation., (this last one not attached as ''Already Circulated''.Bendigo Heritage Advisory Servicebendigo, council, heritage advisory committee, bendigo and eaglehawk councils. national trust, bendigo historical society, historic building council. reuse of buildings. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - ''REVIEW OF BENDIGO HISTORY'' (BHS)
''Review of Bendigo History'' 8 pages, with three appendices. (Published by the BHS and based on the more detailed 60-page 'Historic Guide to Bendigo'). Sections headed: Earlier Days; Discovery of Gold; Influx of Diggers; Water and Mining; Transport and Development; Building and the City; A Place of Commerce; Heritage of the Past; Further information - references; Appendix 1 - Alluvial Gold Mining in Bendigo; appendix 2 - Architectural and Heritage Features; Appendix 3 - Historical Time Line Summary (1836 - 2003). Limited number of illustrations. Attached is correspondence with Data Metallogenica re the use of this Review (date 2009). Also included are 3 pages of and email, and 2 pages of advertising Data Metallogenical.Bendigo Historical Societybendigo, history, bendigo historical society, water, mining, architectural, influx of diggers, alluvial gold mining. s. t. gill -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - FARM BUILDING
Photo: coloured photo off farm (?) building. Building has stone base, brick walls and timber and iron roof. In front of photo, post and rail fence with iron gate.buildings, farming, stone building, architecture, heritage -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - RE-DEDICATION OF THE BENDIGO TEMPLE, VIEW STREET, BENDIGO, 19 October 1974
a/ Re-Dedication of the Bendigo Temple, View Street, Bendigo. By M. Wor. Bro. Major General, Sir Robert Risson, C.B.E., D.S.O. O.St.J., E.D. Grand Master and Grand Officers. Saturday, October 19th 1974. Bendigo Lodges A. F. & A. Masons of Victoria. Golden & Corinthian No. 7, Zenith No. 52, Sandhurst No. 194, Corona No. 195, Composite No. 314, Bendigo City No. 714. Re-Dedication Team Presiding Officer: M.W.Bro. Sir. Robert Risson, G.M. Deputy Grand Master R.W.Bro. C. R. B. James, D.G.M. Grand Master of Ceremonies V.W.Bro. L. Retchford, G.D.C. Senior Grand Warden R.W.Bro. L. G. Grant, S.G.W. Junior Grand Warden R.W.Bro. A. J. L. W. Greenwood, J.G.W.Grand Chaplain V.W.Bro. Rev. J.R. Lawton, G.Chap. Grand Supt. Of Works V.W.Bro. F. C. Galbraith, G I.Wkgs. Grand Secretary R.W.Bro. G. W. Jackson, P.D.G.M., G.Sec. Grand Deacons for Dedication Wor.Bro. B. A. McMillian, S.G.D. and Wor.Bro. D. E. Plaisted, J.G.D. Grand Sword Bearer Wor.Bro. J. R. Evans, G.Swd.B. Gand Organist Wor.Bro. J. N. Cowan, G.Org. Grand Pursuivant Wor.Bro. A. A. Eagle, A.G.Purs. Grand Herald Wor. Bro. P. J. Grenfell, P.G.Std.B., G.Her. Censer Stewards Wor. Bro. H. J. Blunden, G.Stwd. And Wor.Bro. B. D. Cross, G.Stwd. Historical, Brief History on Bendigo Masonic Temple, View Street, Bendigo, 1874-1974. Local historian, Bro. J. N. Macartney, in his book had this to say:- ''The Masonic Hall is by far the grandest building in Sandhurst (Bendigo), and a fitting and right noble home for such an Order to place their ark in. The building is one on the pure Corinthian order, lofty without, and spacious within; therein is the finest Assembly Hall out of Melbourne Town Hall. What an imposing façade, with its tapering columns rearing the graceful acanthus-leaf capitals 40 feet. . . . With the growth of Freemasonry in Bendigo, new Craft Lodges were established, as were lodges of higher degrees. At present the following lodges use the Temple and hall facilities:- Golden & Corinthian Lodge No. 7. Zenith Lodge, No. 52. Sanhurst Lodge, No. 194. Corona Lodge No. 195. The Lodge Composite, No. 314. Bendigo City Lodge, No. 714. The Bendigo Lodge of Mark Master Masons, No. 12. Royal Golden Chapter, No. 3. The Bendigo Royal Ark Mariner Lodge, No. 12. The Bendigo Conclave, No. 143. Bendigo Masonic Lodge of Instruction, No. 14. Bendigo Sovereign Council, No. 16. Bendigo Sovereign Chapter No. 32. The National Trust of Australia has done much to preserve our heritage for the succeeding generations. In 1972 the Masonic Temple and Hall Received their ''D'' Classification. . . Program. Toasts and Harmony. Bro. C. Phillips. Wor. Bro. D. L. Killian, P.J.G.D. Bro. R. D. McPherson. b/ (letter) 3 Brodie St. Bendigo 3550. 28.10.1974. The Secretary, Bendigo Branch, RHSV, Bendigo. Dear Miss Parry, Bendigo Masonic Hall, The enclosed programme contains a short history of the above, and comes to your Society with the compliments of the Board of Management of the Bendigo Masonic Hall. Yours sincerely, Alex M Stone.a/ re-dedication of the bendigo temple, view street, bendigo. by m. wor. bro. major general, sir robert risson, c.b.e., d.s.o. o.st.j., e.d. grand master and grand officers. saturday, october 19th 1974. bendigo lodges a. f. & a. masons of victoria. golden & corinthian no. 7, zenith no. 52, sandhurst no. 194, corona no. 195, composite no. 314, bendigo city no. 714. re-dedication team presiding officer: m.w.bro. sir. robert risson, g.m. deputy grand master r.w.bro. c. r. b. james, d.g.m. grand master of ceremonies v.w.bro. l. retchford, g.d.c. senior grand warden r.w.bro. l. g. grant, s.g.w. junior grand warden r.w.bro. a. j. l. w. greenwood, j.g.w.grand chaplain v.w.bro. rev. j.r. lawton, g.chap. grand supt. of works v.w.bro. f. c. galbraith, g i.wkgs. grand secretary r.w.bro. g. w. jackson, p.d.g.m., g.sec. grand deacons for dedication wor.bro. b. a. mcmillian, s.g.d. and wor.bro. d. e. plaisted, j.g.d. grand sword bearer wor.bro. j. r. evans, g.swd.b. gand organist wor.bro. j. n. cowan, g.org. grand pursuivant wor.bro. a. a. eagle, a.g.purs. grand herald wor. bro. p. j. grenfell, p.g.std.b., g.her. censer stewards wor. bro. h. j. blunden, g.stwd. and wor.bro. b. d. cross, g.stwd. historical, brief history on bendigo masonic temple, view street, bendigo, 1874-1974. local historian, bro. j. n. macartney, ''the masonic hall the grandest building in sandhurst (bendigo), corinthian order, finest assembly hall. golden & corinthian lodge no. 7. zenith lodge, no. 52. sanhurst lodge, no. 194. corona lodge no. 195. the lodge composite, no. 314. bendigo city lodge, no. 714. the bendigo lodge of mark master masons, no. 12. royal golden chapter, no. 3. the bendigo royal ark mariner lodge, no. 12. the bendigo conclave, no. 143. bendigo masonic lodge of instruction, no. 14. bendigo sovereign council, no. 16. bendigo sovereign chapter no. 32. national trust of australia preserve our heritage. in 1972 received their ''d'' classification. . . program. toasts and harmony. bro. c. phillips. wor. bro. d. l. killian, p.j.g.d. bro. r. d. mcpherson. b/ (letter) 3 brodie st. bendigo 3550. 1974. bendigo branch, rhsv, bendigo. miss parry, programme short history board of management of the bendigo masonic hall., alex m stone. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: PICTURES
A large folder containing many pictures taken from a variety of sources. Sources include 'The Illustrated London News,' 'The Sun' and 'Woman's Day and Home.' 1933 - 1963.The Illustrated London News,' 'The Sun' and 'Woman's Day and Homeephemera, mementoes, history, lydia chancellor, collection, photos, pictures, ephemera, botany, plants, flowers, royal yacht britannia, history, british royal family, royalty, coronation, motor car history, automobile history, vintage cars, veteran cars, birds, art history, architecture, theatre, buildings, geography, adam lindsay gordon, australian poetry, children's games, australian art, albert namatjira, melbourne, christianity, religion, advertisements, london, tower of london, thames, river thames, brisbane, sydney, boats, ships, events, entertainment, exploration, heritage -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - DWYER COLLECTION: STONE WELL, MAIDEN GULLY
Photograph: image of stone well, Biffins Track, Maiden Gully. Circular structure lined with sandstone type stones. Measures 3.7 mt. across at widest point and is approx. 2.7 mt. deep. Large Ironbark on RH side of well. File contains letter from Mrs. Michele Dwyer, 27 Katherine Cres., Maiden Gully, dated 19th. Feb. 2003. Inspection by Kay MacGregor and Phil Wilkin in 2012 revealed well still intact, and on private property, not Crown Land. No heritage listing for well.bendigo, buildings, stone well, maiden gully, stone well, stonework, stone cutter. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - DOCUMENTS: RELATING TO ADDITION TO GOLD MINES HOTEL 1990, 11/10/1990
Documents relating to addition to Gold Mines Hotel 1990 of a bottle shop and possible units at rear. A. Letter from National Trust of Australia (Vic) to CEO City of Bendigo advising that the Gold Mines Hotel has been included in the National Trust's Register - with citation; b. National Trust 'Classification Report' recommending Classification; c. Bendigo Heritage Advisory Service report on proposed Bottle Shop and Lounge for the Gold Mines Hotel - 19th April 1990 - includes photos (poor photocopies) and plan drawings; d. Report date 9/5/90 by David Martin re Bottle Shop proposal and ''low profile motel units to the rear of the gardens''; e. Notice of Special Meeting of the Bendigo Heritage Advisory Service 10th May 1990 - in part to discuss proposed bottle shop; f. Agenda and Minutes of the 57th and 56th meetings of the Bendigo Heritage Advisory Service - with references to the Gold Mines Hotel.buildings, hotel, gold mines hotel -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - LONG GULLY HISTORY GROUP COLLECTION: OSBORNE FOUNDRY EAGLEHAWK ROAD IRONBARK
Copy of an advertisement from the Bendigo Advertiser 30 May 2001. Advertisement is for the Osborne Foundry, Eaglehawk Road, Ironbark. A photo shows the building with Golden City Implement painted on the front. The foundry had been in the same family for almost seven decades and is now listed for sale. Price on Application. Written underneath is: Bendigo Advertiser 30th May 2001.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - osborne foundry eaglehawk road ironbark, golden city implements, victorian heritage register, bendigo advertiser 30/5/2001 -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BENDIGO CITY COUNCIL HERITAGE COMMITTEE - CALENDAR
... to buildings. Document BENDIGO CITY COUNCIL HERITAGE COMMITTEE ...A2 size 2010 calendar. Calendar was the result of a competition, organised by the City of Greater Bendigo Heritage Advisory Committee, designed to highlight Bendigo's built heritage. The competition looked specifically at 'doorways and openings'. Some of the places depicted are the Capitol Theatre; Town Hall; Catholic Cathedral and various entries to buildings.bendigo, council, heritage advisory committee -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - EASTER FAIR PROCESSION, 1900 - 1908?
Black and white photograph of Easter Fair Procession in Pall Mall, Bendigo. Chinese dragon 'Loong', crowds of people, hats, Bendigo Law Courts, Conservatory Gardens, streetscape of Pall Mall, tram standards. Inscriptions: 'Hotel Shamrock', 'Dixon's, Yankee, Doodle Tobacco', 'Exchange Hotel', On back - adhesive label typed 'Bendigo Historical Society (Inc). Printed in image 'Easter Fair Procession in Pall Mall, Bendigo Date: Between 1900 - 1908place, streetscape, pall mall, bendigo, pall mall, shamrock hotel, bendigo town hall, town hall, chinese dragon, history, heritage, clubs and associations, buildings, entertainment, event, bendigo easter procession, bendigo easter fair, loong -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - BENDIGO URBAN AREA HERITAGE STUDY BRIEF, 1990
Bendigo Urban Heritage Study, Study Brief. A joint project funded by the City of Bendigo, Borough of Eaglehawk, the Historic Buildings Register and the Victoria National Estate Committee. Inside front cover are:1 loose sheet (17 Dec 1990) and a 3 page document stapled together (18 Dec. 1990) scoping the study to be carried out Mar 1991 to May 1992.bendigo, history, urban heritage study -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - AN AMERICAN ON THE GOLDFIELDS, THE BENDIGO PHOTOGRAPHS OF BENJAMIN PIERCE BATCHELDER, 2001
AN AMERICAN ON THE GOLDFIELDS, THE BENDIGO PHOTOGRAPHS OF BENJAMIN PIERCE BATCHELDER. 134 pages with photos and illustrations.Mike Butcher and Yolande M.J. Collinsbendigo, history, benjamin batchelder, bendigo, mining, goldfields, benjamin batchelder, streetscapes, industry, architecture, heritage buildings, history -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - EXHIBITION TRUSTEES, REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS, 1896
Report of proceeding, exhibition trustees. 1895 and 1896. 12 pagesmelbourne, exhibition buildings, melbourne, exhibition buildings, heritage, reports -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - BENDIGO, CAMERA PICTURES
... BENDIGO History buildings/streetscapes Bendigo history ...Bendigo Camera Pictures, with the compliments of the Mayor and City Councillors. 10 pages with photos and illustrations. Book has pages missing with photos cut out, and loose remnant of one pageB. Mundybendigo, history, buildings/streetscapes, bendigo, history, architecture, heritage -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - BENDIGO URBAN AREA CONSERVATION STUDY, 1977
Bendigo Area Conservation Study - 192 pages with photos, illustrations and maps. Written on fron page ' 133 Mackenzie Street, Bendigo. Indecipherable signature with 'Bendigo, presented to RHSV Bendigo 1978'Lawrie Wilson & Associatesbendigo, buildings, conservation study, conservation, planning schemes, architecture, heritage houses -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - CONSERVATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORIC FEATURES, 1977
... BENDIGO Buildings historic and archaeological heritage history ...Conservation of archaeological and historic features Loddon-Campaspe Regional Planning Authority. 51 pages, with photos, and maps.Loddon Campaspe Regional Planning Authoritybendigo, buildings, historic and archaeological, heritage, history, buildings, historic features, heritage features -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - EAGLEHAWK HISTORICAL SOCIETY COLLECTION: EAGLEHAWK HERITAGE TRAIL
Small brochure titled: Eaglehawk Heritage trail, after an introduction a map of the points of interests, few drawing of different buildings, in total the brochure give small information on 33 locations.eaglehawk, history, walking tour -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - HERITAGE ADVISORY SERVICE - BENDIGO EAGLEHAWK - JUNE 1991
18 page soft cover booklet Heritage Advisory Service, Bendigo Eaglehawk, June 1991. Details of building restorations, paint removals etc of selected buildings. Forward by Peter Russell, Chairperson, Bendigo Heritage Advisory Service. Donated by Peter RandallBendigo Heritage Advisory Service -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BENDIGO - A LIVING MONUMENT TO A GOLDEN AGE, 16 March 1985
Document, Bendigo , A Living Monument To A Golden Age. Local History Seminar Saturday March 16,1985, Campbell Theatrette, North Central Goldfields Library, Hargreaves St, Bendigo. Supported by: Ministry for Planning and Environment, History and Heritage Committee, Victoria's 150th. Anniversary Celebrations. Bendigo City Council. Royal Historical Society, Bendigo. 2 Copies. Pictured H.M. Leggo & Co, Merchants & Importers, High Street, Bendigo.c 1896, shops and offices.Excelsior House name on building. Horses Carts Bicycles and People out the front of the premises.document, names of bendigo pioneers, h.m.leggo & co -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - RAVENSWOOD HOMESTEAD
Bluestone building, arched windows, timber lean-to at side, with arched doorway. Single chimney. Pine trees behind, presumably on Ravenswood Estate.house, heritage, ravenswood homestead, ravenswood homestead, pastoral, farming -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - RAVENSWOOD HOMESTEAD
Black and white image : Ravenswood Homestead, Ravenswood, south of Bendigo. Image shows two storey brick building, verandah surrounding, single storey section with curved inserts in brickwork, on RH side.house, heritage, ravenswood, ravenswood, pastoral, farming, homestead -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - 1980 NEWSPAPER ARTICLE: BENDIGO LEADS THE WAY WITH HERITAGE BUILDINGS
21.3.1980 Bendigo Advertiser newspaper article 'Bendigo leads the way with heritage buildings ' re: the launching of 'Heritage Week ' .The clipping shows a photo of the Law Courts building.newspaper, bendigo advertiser -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - AULSEBROOK AND MARTIN COLLECTION: HERITAGE MOTOR INN, GOLDEN SQUARE, BENDIGO
Colour photo: Heritage Motor Inn, Golden Square, Bendigo, possibly taken in late 1970's. Two storey at front, single storey units around courtyard at rear. Large sign elevated on two steel legs, on LH side in front of building 'Heritage Motor Inn' On back of photo 'Aulsebrook & Martin Pty Ltd., Photographers, 6 Ruth Street, Golden Square, 3555. Phone 054 437565bendigo, business, aulsebrook and martin, photographers -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: TYNTYNDYER HOMESTEAD
An article from a 'Supplement to Bendigo Advertiser' giving some insights into the history of Tyntyndyer Homestead which is in the Swan Hill district. It gives an insight into the early settlers and their struggles for survival. There is an advertisement within the supplement advertising the 'Historic Tyntyndyer Homestead and Museum.' Coloured and black and white photographs are included in this article which is dated 12/2/1969.history, australian, early farming settlement, lydia chancellor collection, collection, swan hill, aboriginal, aboriginal contact, australia, history, australian history, homesteads, building, house, houses, heritage, tourism, aborigines, settlers, weapons, guns, pastoralists, expedition, john holloway, andrew beveridge, peter beveridge, robert o'hara burke, narrinyeri tribe, bushrangers, relics, national trust, advertisement, exploration -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: FORTUNA
A two page article from the Bendigo 'Advertiser' on 'Open Day at Fortuna.' Apart from information about Fortuna it includes photographs of some of the rooms at Fortuna including the Royal Australian Survey Corp's AHQ Survey Regiment mapping room. It also has other photographs within the house and in the grounds. 7/4/1970.bendigo, buildings, fortuna villa, lydia chancellor collection, collection, fortuna, homestead, house, houses, building, buildings, ahq survey regiment, royal australian survey corps, mapping, bendigo, fortuna employees, printing, army, colonel l. b. sprenger, national trust, george lansell, lansell family, heritage, place, house. houses -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - LYDIA CHANCELLOR COLLECTION: BUILDING A HERITAGE
... Three pages from the Bendigo 'Advertiser' titled 'Building... church Three pages from the Bendigo 'Advertiser' titled 'Building ...Three pages from the Bendigo 'Advertiser' titled 'Building a heritage...' This article gives us an insight into the lives of some of the stonemasons who helped build the Bendigo Sacred Heart Cathedral. It includes a full page coloured photograph of the beautiful west window of Bendigo's Cathedral. 4/12/1968.bendigo, churches, sacred heart cathedral, lydia chancellor collection, collection, bendigo, church, sacred heart cathedral, cathedral, building, stone masonry, stone masons, builders, stelvio slaviero, albert segafredo, doug knight, place, building, history, catholic church