Japanese Model 1899 Cavalry SwordJapanese Model 1899 Cavalry Sword This Japanese Model 1899 Cavalry Sword has a interesting hilt in that the grip is of wood with a metal backstrap. The wood is probably is very hard, and has been nicely checkered. The checkering continues right through on to the metal backstrap, giving a very interesting effect. The pommel is smooth and round, with a spanner type flush mounted nut which most likely acts to retain the tang. There is also a screw and spanner that is retaining the grip. The pommel is smooth and round, with a spanner type flush mounted nut which most likely acts to retain the tang. This Japanese Model 1899 Cavalry Sword has a interesting hilt in that the grip is of wood with a metal backstrap. The wood is probably is very hard, and has been nicely checkered. The pommel is smooth and round, with a spanner type flush mounted nut which most likely acts to retain the tang. The scabbard is a heavy duty steel example which exactly matches the steel used to construct the hilt. The scabbard is perfectly straight throughout, with a single carrying band and ring.A number is stamped near the hilt on the shoulder of the blade " 96982"japanese model 1899 cavalry sword, metal scabbard

Philip Webley was born in 1813, he was the younger brother of James Webley who was born in 1807. Both were born in Birmingham. Towards the end of the 1800s, the firm claimed establishment in 1790, this must have been the date James and Philip's father or grandfather originally established a bullet or gun implement making business. It was not, as is often stated, the date William Davis established his business. Philip Webley was apprenticed in 1827 to Benjamin Watson. James Webley also seems to have been apprenticed but to who is not known. In 1834 James and Philip established their partnership as percussioners, lock filers and gun makers at 7 Weaman Street,Birmingham which was William Davis' old premises Davis, a gun implement maker, mould and toolmaker, died in 1831 and his wife Sarah inherited the business at 84 Weaman Street which she ran with her daughter, Caroline. On 5 January 1838 Philip Webley married Caroline. Philip was recorded at 84 Weaman Street from 1838 as a gun percussioner, lock filer and gun maker and this is when the partnership was last recorded, but the brothers apparently continued to co-operate until 1845 when Philip reportedly sold his interest to James and used the money to purchase Sarah Davis' business. Even then, they worked together particularly about the design and manufacture of percussion revolvers. Philip Webley was recorded in the 1851 census as a 38-year-old gun and pistol implement manufacturer living at 84 Weaman Street with his wife Caroline they had four sons and one daughter Thomas William, Emma, and Philip Jnr, and two other sons, James, and Henry and Philip's cousin, also lived with the family probably as a nurse, Sarah Haywood. On 4 February 1853 Philip Webley registered patent No. 335 for a hinged revolver and on 14 September 1853 he registered patent No. 2127 for improvement for the first muzzle-loading percussion cap and ball revolver which became known as the "Longspur". In 1859 Philips son Thomas William, aged 21, was made a partner in the firm, which then changed its name to P Webley & Son and described itself as "Gun and Pistol Makers and Patent Revolving Pistol Makers", probably exploiting Philip Webley's patent No. 305 of February 1853 for a revolver frame and lock, and its improvement under patent No. 2127 of September 1853. Thomas later went on to managed the shotgun side of the business. From about 1863 up to the First World War, the firm made rook rifles for Holland & Holland. From the 1890s they supplied magazine rifles. In 1863 and 1864 the firm's address was given as 83-84 Weaman Street, but from late 1864 to 1875 their address was 84 Weaman Street. By 1874 the firm had a showroom in London at an unknown address. In 1875 the firm expanded into 82-84 and 88-89 Weaman Street. The item is an early muzzle loading sporting shotgun not in very good condition and is unusable as a firearm and not very significant historically or valuable, although made by a well known and respected manufacturer of firearms there are many better examples of shotguns made by P Webley and Son in collections and for sale. This particular example is of a standard pattern for utilitarian use of which many were made. Shotgun, black powder, muzzle Loading, double barrel, percussion cap. P Webley & Son maker on left and right lock and P Webley & Son James St London on top of barrel. Barrel split in two. Has 14 stamped under each barrel with Birmingham proof marks for black powder shotguns. on undersides of both barrels. Proof marks used are early metal parts have decorative engravings of a gun dog flushing a birdwarrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, gun, shotgun, double-barrel shotgun, firearm, muzzel loading shotgun, philip webley, black powder, percussion cap, hunting weapon, birmingham gun manufactures, w & c scott & son

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "SOUTH ST. RUBICON ST." stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. Used a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448, , 4996 and 4497 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.trams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Set of 10 colour photographs / prints of Scrubber 8 in Wendouree Parade and depot track on 20/1/2002, working and testing the sprinkler bar on No. 1 end of the tram. Photos by Warren Doubleday. On Kodak paper. 1962.1 - Scrubber 8 on access track .2 - At depot junction, with 45 behind, ice cream van alongside. .3 - With sprinkler bar operating .4 - ditto .5 - ditto .6 - showing the very end of the sprinkler bar under No. 1 end, at the back of the flusher hood. .7 - showing the valve and water line for the sprinkler bar. .8 - ditto .9 - showing the watered roadway coming down into depot junction from Carlton St. .10 - Simon Green cleaning depot junction points. (Photo used in Jan. 2002 Fares Please!) On .10 only in blue ink, date "20/1/02" scrubber tram, btm, sprinkler bar, depot junction, tram 8

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "CARLTON ST HADDON ST LOOP " stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. Used as a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448, 4996 and 4497 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.trams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "PLEASANT ST TO CARLTON ST LOOP " stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. Used as a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448, , 4996 and 4497 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.trams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Port of Portland Authority archivesFront: (no inscriptions) Back: Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies/ inspecting Harbour works/ 18th July 1958 (pencil, top centre) 23 1/2 cms/ Pinned Top + Bottom/ Flush sides (circled, pencil upper centre) 85 SCREEN (pencil centre) SULLIVANS STUDIOS/ 84 PERCY ST., PORTLAND/VICTORIA/PHONE: PORTLAND 680/ When Ordering further Prints, Please quote:/ Ref. No. 7629 Position ...... (purple ink stamp with pencil, lower right)port of portland archives, sir robert menzies, prime minister, 1958

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "VICTORIA PARK LOOP / CARLTON ST LOOP" stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. The top line of words has a reddish paint inlay. Used as a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.trams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "CAR SHED LOOP / MACARTHUR ST LOOP" stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. The stamped area appears to have been polished compared to the others. Used as a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448, 4496 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.trams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "DARLING ST LOOP RUBICON ST LOOP " stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. Used as a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448, , 4996 and 4497 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.Ballarat Tramways Section Staff Darling St Loop Rubicon St Looptrams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "URQUHART ST LOOP TO GREY ST LOOP " stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. Used as a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448, , 4996 and 4497 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.trams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "CARLTON ST. CAR SHED LOOP." stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. The part with the words "CAR SHED LOOP" appears to have been ground down and a previous location name taken out and replaced. Used a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448, , 4996 and 4497 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.trams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures. Demonstrates what can happen in use - has been run over by a tram - possibly being exchanged on the move or some other story.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "STURT ST RUBICON ST " stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. The staff has been run over by a tram and had the last part of the object cut off. Used as a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448, , 4996 and 4497 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.Ballarat Tramways Section Staff Sturt St Rubicon Sttrams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum in Sydney and the National Museum of Victoria (known as Museums Victoria since 1983), as well as individuals such as amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century. Like many species of quail, the Brown Quail is often difficult to see, as it inhabits rank, overgrown grassy areas, often in damp, low-lying patches beside wetlands. They are difficult to flush from this cover, preferring to squat among the grass or run quickly off through the vegetation rather than fly off. As is the case with many species that inhabit dense habitats, the Brown Quail may be heard more often than it is seen, with its characteristically mournful two-note call whistle often heard at dawn and dusk. The Brown Quail is found across northern and eastern Australia, from the Kimberley region in Western Australia to Victoria and Tasmania, as well as in south-western Australia. It is also found in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia, and has been introduced to New Zealand. The Brown Quail feeds in the early morning or evening, on the ground, mainly on seeds and green shoots, but also on insects. In some area, quails will readily cross roads and may be seen feeding along roadsides.This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century. The Brown Quail is a small, plump ground-dwelling bird. It is variable in colour, ranging from red brown to grey brown with fine white streaks and black barring above, and chestnut brown below. The eye is red to yellow, the bill black and the legs and feet orange-yellow. In Tasmania, this species is called the Swamp Quail and tends to be larger and darker than mainland birds, with a pale yellow eye. Female Brown Quails are larger and may be more heavily marked with black and paler below than males. Young birds are like adult females, with less distinct markings and a dark brown eye.Label: 33. / Swamp Quail / See Catalogue, page 30 / Mount: 09/taxidermy, quail, brown quail, taxidermy bird, burke museum taxidermy

This Australian yesteryear postcard was published by Cobb & Co in circa 1990. It is a sepia toned artwork of the Ann Jones Inn in Glenrowan which was taken prior to 1880. The building at rear in this photograph was the private residence of Ann Jones, a migrant from Tipperary, Ireland. Two years after building her private residence, in 1878/1879, Ann Jones added the Inn to the front of the building which is depicted in the postcard. In 1880 the Inn was burned to the ground during the Kelly Gang siege. After the siege, Ann Jones and her children continued to live on the same location in a makeshift hut. This hut was later replaced with a dwelling using compensation money provided to Ann from the government for the loss of her property and goods; however, she was denied a new trading licence which did not enable her to re-establish her previously successful business. The reverse of this postcard provides a snippet of information into the Glenrowan siege, for which this site is most well-known. It outlines the role and demise of the members of the Kelly Gang but what it does not include is how Ann Jones, owner of the Inn depicted on the postcard, was impacted. Ann’s son of 13 years, Johnny was killed during the siege, and a bullet grazed the forehead of her daughter, Jane Jones. Jane would die two years after this event from tuberculosis, but it was believed by Ann that the cause was grief for the death of her brother and distress at having witnessed the siege. Ann was provided with 100 pounds in compensation money for the loss of her children. Her husband, Owen Jones passed away late 1880 and in 1891 Ann Jones remarried. She died at the age of 80 in 1910. The “last stand” of the Kelly Gang at this location is estimated by Dr Stuart Dawson of Monash University to have taken less than 10 minutes in duration. During and following this time, the life of Ann Jones was turned upside down and everything she had worked for in the preceding years was now in ruins. This postcard has the capacity to reveal information about the popularity of the Kelly story in Australia. It was created in approximately the 1990s which perhaps reveals a resurgence in interest into the Kelly Gang and Australian history when card was made. This image, and others depicting the Ann Jone’s Inn, have the ability to shed light on the Kelly story and the events of the Glenrowan Siege. Additionally, they can reveal information into the life of a female business owner during the 1870-1880 period. Archaeological research has been conducted at this site by LaTrobe University and a study of these images alongside the analysis of the material culture found at this location can help to build more comprehensive understanding into life in Australia during this period and Ann Jones herself.Sepia rectangular postcard printed on cardObverse: [Illegible] Reverse: G4/ 3276/ Australian / Yesteryear / cards/ correspondence / address / Published by Cobb & Co (03) 5766 2409 / The Glenrowan Inn owned by Ann Jones. / It was this Inn in which the Kelly Gang imprisoned / 62 people, while waiting for the special train / carrying the police to arrive from Benalla. On 28th / June 1880, following a seige which lasted over 12 / hours, Ned Kelly was captured. Joe Byrne was shot, / and the Inn was set on fire in an attempt to flush out / the two remaining outlaws, Dan Kelly and Steve / Hart. However, some time prior, the two boys, it / was believed, had committed suicide, as a result, / their bodies were incinerated beyond recognition. / A sepia tone facsimile of / an early Australian photograph. /kelly album, postcard, glenrowan inn, kelly siege, australia yesteryear card, cobb & co publisher, ned kelly capture, jones ann, dan kelly, joe byrne, steve hart, fire, train, police, benalla, 28 june 1880

2002 Excellence in Construction AwardsFramed Award 2002 Excellence in Construction Awards, JA Dodd LTD, Excellence in Construction, (Existing Buildings) Under $2 million, Project: The Royal Mint Building, Architect: Robert Peck von Hartel Trethowan, Location: 280 William Street Melbourne, J A Dodd Ltd's refurbishment of the historic former Royal Mint Building delivered to the client's specification in retaining the features of this historic building, while at the same time providing modern office accommodation with state of the art facilities. New works have been defined by a modern style encompassing glass, stainless steel and flush surfaces, offering a stark departure from the ornate finishes of the original building. Traditional timber mouldings, tiles stonework and intricate paint methods have been used only where repairs to the existing building were required. The judges praised the superb job and made special mention of the exposed roof trusses. 38 master builder awards

As per another example in better condition displayed on shelf above Drawers 1+2 in Chemist ' Beechams Pills as sold by the proprietors St.Helens, Lancashire England. Beechams Pills Ltd. Melbourne VIC'. Earliest mention in Victorian Newspapers TROVE : Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), Friday 19 December 1884, page 7 'A WONDERFUL MEDICINE BEECHAMS PILLS Are admitted by thousands to be worth above a guinea a box for bilious and nervous disorders such as wind and pain in tho stomach, sick headache, giddiness, fulness and swelling after meals dizziness and drowsiness, cold chills, flushings of heat, loss of appetite, shortness of breath costiveness, scurvy, blotches on the skin, disturbed sleep, frightful dreams, and all nervous and trembling sensations, &c The first dose will give relief in 20 minutes This is no fiction, for they have done it in thousands of cases. Every sufferer Is earnestly invited to try one box of these pills, and they will be acknowledged to be WORTH A GUINEA A BOX. For females of all ages these pills are invaluable as a few doses of them carry off all humours and bring about all that is required No female should be with-out them There is no medicine to be found to equal Beecham's Pills for removing any obstruction or Irregularity of the system. If taken according to the directions given with each box they will soon restore females of all ages to sound and robust health For a weak stomach, impaired digestion, and all disorders of the liver they act like "Magic, and a few doses will be found to work wonders upon the most important organs of the human machine They strengthen tho whole muscular system, restore the long lost complexion bring back the keen edge of appetite, and arouse into action with the rosebud of health, the whole physical energy of the human frame These are ' facts ' admitted by thousands embracing all classes of society, and one of the best guarantees to the nervous and debilitated Is Beechams Pills have the largest sale of any patent medicine in the world Full directions are given with each box Sold by all druggists and patent medicine dealers throughout the colonies'. Most recent article in Victorian newspapers : TROVE : Wodonga and Towong Sentinel (Vic. : 1885 - 1954), Friday 24 December 1954, page 1. 'MUM KNOWS BEST SHE KEEPS THE FAMILY FIT WITH BEECHAM'S PILLS SAFE because Beecham's Pills contain no harmful habit-forming drugs-they are a purely vegetable laxative. Pills balanced formula gives natural laxative action without harsh purgative effects banishes constipation. MOTHERS know how to keep growing children in their teens fit and happy-with Beecham' s Pill, the family laxative. TAKE Beecham's Pills WORTH A GUINEA A BOX'. Relevant local newspaper article reference : TROVE : Gippsland Times (Vic. : 1861 - 1954), Thursday 29 October 1942, page 1 'ln times like these old friends are best You will not have to go far before finding a friend who can tell you by personal experience how gentle and reliable Beecham's Pills are--and how effectively they banish head aches. digestive upsets and liverish ness. Purely vegetable....1/-....2/...per box Worth a guinea a box' Cylindrical wooden box with the remains of an orange, red and white printed label on top, containing small orb shaped pills.Label on lid : Beecham's pills...............Beecham's Pills Ltd., Melbourne, Vic.laxitive, pills

In the 1650s, the newest exciting development had arrived on Britain’s shores, this time it was tea from China. As it was brought back from overseas, tea was incredibly scarce and as such its price was very high; in 1664, the cost of tea was already 40s per pound, although this is not as high as what it would become when taxed in the 18th century. This resulted in only the social elite enjoying a cup of tea, and most commonly tea was enjoyed in coffee houses, and teapots were therefore not yet a household item. As the East India Company imported larger quantities of tea, it became more widely available and a larger section of the British population were able to enjoy it meaning that, by 1669, tea was available nearly everywhere. Likely due to the fact that tea was first enjoyed in coffee houses, the first known teapot resembles a coffee pot, with a tapering cylindrical shape and standing much taller than what we now know as a teapot at 13.5 inches tall. Into the 1680s, these teapots were given a conical cover for the spout that was fixed to the pot via a chain. As Queen Anne took the throne in 1702, teapots had become much more widely used and had formed two common groups. The first style of teapot was the pear shaped style which began to appear in 1705. The pear shaped pot usually had a domed lid and sometimes featured a finial. This form was generally supplied with a heater and stand as well as having a baluster shaped handle on one side. This iteration would disappear by 1725 but does make a reappearance in the 1740s, only this time as an inverted pear shape. The second group was the more spherical, or globular, shape which appeared in 1710. The globular teapot had a flush, hinged lid as well as a narrow moulded rim foot and a straight sided, tapering spout. Both generalised groups of teapots have polygonal examples – that is, teapots that are made up of straight sided segments – but six or seven sided teapots are incredibly rare. There is one known example of a seven sided globular teapot, made by Isaac Ribouleau in 1724. This is so unique because polygonal teapots are much more technically difficult and time consuming to make. Other than the occasional band of engraving round the shoulder of the teapot, they remain quite plain until c.1740 when scrollwork and chased shells begin to be applied for decoration. ‘Chasing’ is the process of decorating the front of a piece of metal by indenting the back, without cutting or engraving. From 1755 until 1770, silver teapots became incredibly uncommon and it is likely that this either reflects a change in drinking habits or changing trends producing a favour for porcelain. This dip in popularity could also be in response to the outrageous taxes placed on tea, up to 119%! In 1765, the Leeds creamware globular teapot seemed to kickstart a resurgence and this, combined with the Commutation Act of 1784 – which reduced tax on tea from 119% to 12.5% – saw teapots return in all their forms. It’s around this time, in 1780, that a form of teapot with a detachable, openwork stand appeared; however, the plain, oval teapot remained the most popular in the 1780s and 90s. In the later years of George III’s tenure on the throne, during the last decade of the 18th century, there was a revival of chasing and embossing teapots with flower and foliage designs. At the turn of the century, the spherical, partly fluted teapot with classical decoration was superseded by a more oblong shaped pot that sat on four spherical feet. This was then changed again when teapots became more melon shaped. It was at this time that the capacity of a teapot greatly increased and the previously wooden or ivory handles were replaced by silver handles with ivory washers for insulation. As Britain entered into the Victorian era, the design quality often suffered as there was a tendency to over-decorate the silver. In the early 19th century, the last major addition to the shape of the teapot, a raised collar was added between the cover and body. Whilst this seems to just be for decoration, there is some speculation that it could also be to prevent overspills. https://www.marklittler.com/silver-teapots-history/ This item shows that silver and silver plated teapots were used for tea making.Plain sliver teapot. Heavy oxidation. Dented.None.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, teapot, silver, siver plate, tea

This photograph, in late 1950s, shows an Alpine Fire Prevention technique of "burning off" low levels of scrub to reduce the level of available fuel against any possible summer bush fires. The Alpine regions accumulate high levels of potential fuel (undergrowth and small shrubs) which if not reduced has the potential of breaking into a dangerous bush fire. The men in this photograph are not wearing any protective clothing. Their visibility to other firefighters is severely reduced by smoke. This photo is a snap shot in time when Occupational Health and Safety Legislation was in its infancy stage.This photograph details the fire prevention activities in the Victorian Alps under the management of the SEC Victoria. The level of undergrowth within the Australian bush needs to be kept under control to avoid the possibility of lightning strikes (during summer storms) igniting dry forests resulting in a major bush fire. Controlled fires within alpine regions are required not only to reduce the level of dry undergrowth but also to provide those various plant species requiring fire for regenerate. This method was used by the original inhabitants (Aborigines) as limited scrub fires were used to flush game and bird population for eating with the side benefit to those plants requiring the fire for regeneration.This black and white photograph shows an Alpine Fire Prevention technique of "burning off" low levels of scrub. The photograph is on 200gsm paper but it is not photographic paper. It can be assumed that the photo is not the original but a copy. alpine fire prevention, sec fire prevention

This photograph, from the 1950s, shows an Alpine Fire Prevention technique of "burning off" low levels of scrub to reduce the level of available fuel against any possible summer bush fires.The Alpine regions accumulate high levels of potential fuel (undergrowth and small shrubs) which if not reduced has the potential of breaking into a dangerous bush fire. The men in this photograph are not wearing any protective clothing. Their visibility to other firefighters is severely reduced by smoke. This photo is a snap shot in time when Occupational Health and Safety Legislation was in its infancy stage.This photograph details the fire prevention activities in the Victorian Alps under the management of the SEC Victoria. The level of undergrowth within the Australian bush needs to be under control to avoid the possibility of lightning strikes (during summer storms) igniting dry forests resulting in a major bush fire. Controlled fires within alpine regions are required not only to reduce the level of dry undergrowth but also to provide those various plant species requiring fire for regenerate. This method was used by the original inhabitants (Aborigines) as limited scrub fires were used to flush game and bird population for eating with the side benefit to those plants requiring that fire for regeneration.This black and white photograph shows an Alpine Fire Prevention technique of "burning off" low levels of scrub. The photograph is on 200gsm paper but it is not photographic paper. It can be assumed that the photo is not the original but a copy produced by the SEC Vic. See also KVHS 0413 and KVHS 0414 for other similar photos.kiewa valley tourism, victorian alps, alternate energy supplies, alpine population growth

This photograph, in late 1950s, shows an Alpine Fire Prevention technique of "burning off" low levels of scrub to reduce the level of available fuel against any possible summer bush fires. The Alpine regions accumulate high levels of potential fuel (undergrowth and small shrubs) which if not reduced has the potential of breaking into a dangerous bush fire. The men in this photograph are not wearing any protective clothing. Their visibility to other firefighters is severely reduced by smoke. This photo is a snap shot in time when Occupational Health and Safety Legislation was in its infancy stage.This photograph details the fire prevention activities in the Victorian Alps under the management of the SEC Victoria. The level of undergrowth within the Australian bush needs to be kept under control to avoid the possibility of lightning strikes (during summer storms) igniting dry forests resulting in a major bush fire. Controlled fires within alpine regions are required not only to reduce the level of dry undergrowth but also to provide those various plant species requiring fire for regenerate. This method was used by the original inhabitants (Aborigines) as limited scrub fires were used to flush game and bird population for food, with a side benefit to those plants requiring the fire for regeneration.This black and white photograph shows an Alpine Fire Prevention technique of "burning off" low levels of scrub. The photograph is on 200gsm paper but it is not photographic paper. It can be assumed that the photo is not the original but a copy. See also KVHS 0413 and KVHS 0415 for other similar photos.kiewa valley tourism, victorian alps, alternate energy supplies, alpine population growth

Colour pencil drawing on paperNot signed. Not dated.drawing, diagrams, map, grid

Colour pencil drawing on paperNot signed. Not dated.grid, places, travel, buildings, snapshots

Colour pencil drawing on paperNot signed. Not dated.landscape, buildings, view, factory

p.429.fictionPortrays the married life of Henrietta Stuart, known as Minette, who married into the French royal family in the mid-seventeenth century. In particular it focuses on her careful diplomatic relationship with her brother Charles II, climaxing in the Treaty of Doverengland - fiction, historical fiction