Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 29 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, john graves, kinloch gardens, the barn, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.2 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 29 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, jenny graves, john graves, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.3 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 29 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, jelbart property, jenny graves, john graves, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 29 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, elders real estate, eltham, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, john graves, kinloch gardens, planning minister, rob maclellan, wayne phillips, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, christine jelbart, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, john graves, kinloch gardens, planning minister, rob maclellan, robert marshall, wayne phillips, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.3 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, john graves, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, robert marshall, sigmund jorgensen, wayne phillips, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.4 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.4 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, john graves, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.3 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, christine jelbart, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, christine jelbart, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.2 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, christine jelbart, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.3 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, christine jelbart, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, christine jelbart, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.4 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, christine jelbart, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart*, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan*, robert marshall, wayne phillips, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, christine jelbart, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.2 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.3 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.3 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 34 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.8 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 30 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, jenny graves, john graves, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.2 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 30 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.4 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 30 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.5 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 30 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.3 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 30 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, robert marshall, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.1 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 30 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, woodridge estate, celebration, wine, drinking

Planning Minister Rob Maclellan at the launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in 93 Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests. April 19981 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 30 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, houses, jelbart property, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, woodridge estate

Launch of the Kinloch Gardens development, 12 new double and triple storey homes along a private road in the gardens of Kinloch, a mansion set on 2.4ha in Arthur St. The launch was attended by Planning Minister Rob Maclellan and Nillumbik Shire president Robert Marshall, Architects Graeme Gunn and Ian Jelbart and approximately 100 guests.6 images; digital file only; created from scan undertaken by EDHS of a set of 30 colour 10 x 15 cm prints arthur street, eltham, graeme gunn, houses, ian jelbart, jelbart property, john graves, kinloch gardens, rob maclellan, robert marshall, wayne phillips, woodridge estate

This is a set of 17 photographs taken during the first year of Army occupation at Fortuna, Bendigo in 1942. The photos provide an insight into the preparatory work performed on the Fortuna Villa and surrounding buildings, by the Working Party 5th Army Troop and Ordnance Training Depot, before its occupation by personnel from LHQ Cartographic Company, Royal Australian Survey Corps. The annotation on the back of Photos .9P and .10P is misspelt. The correct spelling is ‘Nell Gwynne’. The poppet head of the Central Nell Gwynne mine is still an iconic landmark in Bendigo, lying just down the road from the poppet head lookout at Victoria Hill. The Central Nell Gwynne was the premier mine of Bendigo's 1930s mining revival and is of high historical value, due to the extensive and relatively intact features which remain at the site. The annotation on the back of Photo .17P is incorrect. The location of HQ 5th Army Troop was ‘Reynard St, Coburg.’ By late 1941 as Japan extended its control throughout Indo-China, resolving the accommodation problem of AHQ Cartographic Company located in Melbourne became more urgent. The steady Japanese advance made the bombing of Melbourne no longer a remote possibility, and in accordance with a general policy of dispersion, the Deputy Chief of the General Staff, Major General Sidney Rowell instructed Major William Sarll, in the interests of security of plant and to provide against possible damage of air attack, to investigate suitable safer inland accommodation for AHQ Cartographic Company. Major Sarll inspected many properties before finding one that would meet the requirements of the Cartographic Company. In late 1941, he came to inspect Fortuna, a rambling old mansion with about fifteen acres of ground in central Bendigo. Initially there was no intention to occupy the site beyond the end of the war, although Major Sarll's report to the Director of Survey noted many advantages in moving the Company to Bendigo. Major General Rowell quickly approved the selection of Fortuna before other authorities, which were investigating the evacuation of school children, could get in ahead of the Cartographic Company. On 23 March 1942, the Commonwealth of Australia, under the provisions of the National Security Act of 1939, took possession of the house, the old battery buildings and the fifteen acres of grounds. Under Warrant Officer J. Trist’s direction, over fifty Parks and Works tradesmen completed building works necessary to accommodate the Survey Corps’ military, map making and printing requirements. The building program was still under way when the first officer, Lieutenant Ralph Westgarth, arrived in May 1942 with the advance party which received and positioned all equipment as it came up from Melbourne in semi-trailers. Once the equipment was installed the rest of the Cartographic Company completed its shift to Bendigo by 11th June 1942. The first year of the Survey Corps’ occupation of Fortuna is covered in more detail with additional historic photographs, in pages 17-22 of Valerie Lovejoy’s book 'Mapmakers of Fortuna – A history of the Army Survey Regiment’ ISBN: 0-646-42120-4.This is a set of 17 photographs taken during the first year of Army Occupation at Fortuna, Bendigo in 1942. The black and white photographs were printed on photographic paper and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 300 dpi. .1) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Bendigo Parks and Works tradesmen at Fortuna. L to R: Cliff Day, Ernie Arnold, Norm? .2) - Photo, black & white, 1942. “Don” - possibly SGT Don Sutcliffe. Fortuna, Bendigo. .3) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Parks and Works tradesmen in garden at Fortuna, Bendigo. L to R: Fred & Ernie. .4) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Benny Jack Williams at Fortuna, Bendigo. Accommodation tents were erected above the lake, which later became the parade ground. .5) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Working dress - Giggle suits. Parks and Works tradesmen at Fortuna, Bendigo. L to R: Cliff and Harry on big roof. .6) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Parks and Works tradesmen at Fortuna, Bendigo. Ted on big roof. .7) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Gold crusher battery just behind Fortuna. .8) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Scene of Bendigo from Fortuna. .9) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Nell Gwynne Mine from mullock heap at Victoria Hill near Fortuna, Bendigo. .10) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Nell Gwynne Mine and crusher near Fortuna, Bendigo. .11) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Sluicing for gold at Eaglehawk. .12) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Fortuna, Bendigo taken from the far side of tennis courts. .13) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Fortuna, Bendigo & its reflection from across the lake. .14) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Fortuna, Bendigo from the fishpond. .15) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Fortuna, Bendigo. .16) - Photo, black & white, 1942. First Fortuna Football Team at unknown location. L to R: 5th Bob Wright, 11th SGT Don Sutcliffe. .17) - Photo, black & white, 1942. Working Party from 5th Army Troop and Ordnance Training Depot at Fortuna, Bendigo.Some personnel are identified. Annotated with date within photos. .1) – Annotated on back ‘Cliff, Ernie, Norm, Dec ‘42. Cliff Day - dairy farmer, plasterers’ labourer. Ernie Arnold – hard plasterer. Norm? - QM Store for tools etc. QM Store was the Stables.’ .2) - Annotated on back ‘Don. Fortuna 1942’ .3) - Annotated on back ‘Fred & Ernie. Dec 1942. Carpenters. Note the state of the gardens.’ .4) - Annotated on back ‘Benny Jack Williams Fortuna Bendigo. Tents were erected where present day parade ground is above the lake.’ .5) - Annotated on back ‘Working dress - Giggle suits. June 42. Cliff and Harry on big roof. This photo was taken as the ventilating ridge was being installed on the building housing the printing machines. The machines were installed later by civilian labour when building was complete.’ .6) - Annotated on back ‘Ted on big roof Fortuna Bendigo.’ .7) - Annotated on back ‘Gold crusher battery – Bendigo for slay heap – 1942. 12 stamp battery. Just behind Fortuna. Was working at night when the “Army” came to Bendigo. Later removed to “Coolgardie - WA. Present site of Southern Cross TV.’ .8) - Annotated on back ‘Scene of Bendigo from Fortuna. June 1942.’ .9) - Annotated on back ‘Nell Gwyne Mine from mullock heap (Victoria Hill) Sept 1942.’ .10) - Annotated on back ‘Nell Gwyne Mine and crusher September 1942.’ .11) - Annotated on back ‘Sluicing for gold at Eaglehawk. August 1942.’ .12) - Annotated on back ‘Fortuna Bendigo 1942. Taken from far side of tennis courts.’ .13) - Annotated on back ‘ “Fortuna” across the lake & reflection.’ .14) - Annotated on back ‘Fortuna from fishpond June 1942.’ .15) - Annotated on back ‘Fortuna Dec 1942.’ .16) - Annotated on front ‘X’ x2. Annotated on back First Fortuna Football Team 1942‘Bob Wright’, ‘SGT Don Sutcliffe’. .17) - Annotated ‘Working Party at Fortuna before one of the drafts’, Working Party 5th Army Troop and Ordnance Training Depot Showgrounds, now the Sportsground Bendigo’, ‘HQ of 5th Army Troop was Reynards Rd, Coburg.’royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, army svy regt, fortuna, asr

A Brief History Of Mabie Todd Ltd The company originated in America from the beginnings during the 1860s when a Mr. Todd and a Mr. Mabie began making pencil cases and pen holders in New York. Later they were joined by the Bard Brothers who made Gold nibs and by 1873 the company of Mabie Todd and Bard were established in New York. By 1878 the first patent was filed for the design and manufacture of a fountain pen, achieved under the design leadership of one William Washington Stewart. The first Swan fountain pen followed just 6 years later in 1884 with an over-under feed with ink delivery assisted by a twisted silver wire. This same year an office had been established in the UK with a showroom in Cheapside, London. The UK was being supplied with a steadily increasing supply of pens from New York and by 1905 new, larger showrooms were established in High Holborn. By this time the Swan pen had become synonymous with fountain pens at large. In 1906 the name of Bard was dropped in the US and the UK company subsequently adopted the title Mabie Todd & Co. New York. In 1907 British production began, using imported nibs from New York and whilst the company in the UK flourished, the business in the US started to diminish under stiff competition from new manufacturers.. By 1915 manufacturing was doing well in England from a factory in Weston Street, London and the New York company agreed to sell the rights to all European and Colonial business to Mabie Todd & Company Ltd of England. From then onwards, the development of the range mostly followed, rather than led the interests of the markets they were supplying. Even during the First World War the business continued to flourish. with factories in both London and Liverpool. At the end of 1919 a new expansion plan saw the establishment of a new Headquarters in Oxford Street, London. Throughout this period, some components were continuing to be imported from America, but gradually these diminished and during the 20s and 30s manufacturing facilities were expanded and by the end of the 1930s Mabie Todd were in full production, manufacturing pens in its London factory, gold nibs in Birmingham and ink in Liverpool. Another new headquarters grew out of this period of abundance and market domination. when in 1936 they moved into Sunderland House in Mayfair, London, a highly prized mansion building. Disaster struck early in the Second World War. Its prestigious Sunderland House headquarters was destroyed during the blitz, followed by destruction of its main factory in Harlesden, North London. Some machinery was saved and able to be used at another factory premises in the City, but like many other 'non essential' manufacturing, the main production was centred on wartime components such as rocket fuses and ammunition. After The War, in 1945 they moved out of their City premises to Park Royal and eventually in 1946 proper fountain pen production was resumed. In 1948 the company decided to go public. But at the time they had no plans to enter into the market for the now growing interest in ballpoint pens, the result was the beginning of their slide into obscurity and subsequent demise. They became Biro Swan in 1952 following a large share purchase by Biro Pens. Even though at this time they had just launched their new high profile Calligraph range to join the competition for the new market associated with a craze for italic writing, fountain pen manufacture under the new company was to suffer a lack of real support. The restyled ranges of 1956 failed to ignite market interest and with diminishing quality, the end of the Mabie Todd story was inevitable. After 80 years of Swan pens, the book was closed.This bottle of ink would have been supplied to schools. After a child was deemed old enough to progress from just using slate and board, he/she would have been supplied with a pen shaft made of wood and with a very basic metal nib. The ink bottle would be used to fill up the individual inkwells. This operation would have been conducted by the teacher him/herself, or by an older pupil under the close eye of the teacher.Ink bottle clear glass with 'Swan Ink' paper label. Has rusted screw on top & black ink inside.Label has 'Mabel Todd' manufacturer's logo at top,; 'Swan Ink' name clearly shown; 'Made in England' printed clearly; and 'Mable Todd & Co Ltd, London & Liverpool' printed at base of label.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, ink, bottle, mabie todd ltd