Note by T.H. Kneen 4 December 1991, "The gentleman supervising could be Mr. J.P. McLennan Principal 1916-21."2 copies black and white print. 4 men digging a deep ditch in the Orchard, a child watching and a man supervising.On reverse, "Draining Cherry Block Oct 1919." digging, draining, j.p. mclennan, principal, cherry block, orchard, students working outside

Initially collated by Harry Gilham as part of a file on Eltham Cemeteryeltham cemetery, john murray, mary ellen drain, mary murray, peter lawlor, thomas drain

Streets and drains were the basic infrastructure problems for Kew in the 1880s. Decent streets and drains were fundamental to the quality of life of the residents. Without drainage, streets became muddy, boggy and sometimes impassable. Pools and puddles of stagnant water became smelly. The run off water, mixed with human and animal wastes, because there was no sewerage, became a health hazard. Streets and drains then became what were known as 'a nuisance'. Kew suffered from bouts of typhoid fever during the 1880s. Derrick Street was a private street on the margin of the business district of Kew and a well-used thoroughfare. We hear first about Derrick Street when the ratepayers applied to Council to have the street 'taken over' in January 1881. The Council agreed, after much debate, but ratepayers had to pay half the costs. The argument of the majority of the Council was that there was an established policy that ratepayers of private streets either had to hand over the street fully-formed or pay half the costs if Council did the work. It was felt that to make an exception for Derrick Street would create a precedent for ratepayers of other private streets. On the other hand the ratepayers, and a minority of Council, believed that there were extenuating circumstances in the case of Derrick Street. They believed that the costing by the Borough Surveyor was excessive. They felt the Council was partly responsible for the state of the street due to a channel on Bulleen Road, which deposited sand in the street. The Council had also put in some kerbing at the entrance to the street. Finally, the ratepayers believed that the street had become an important and convenient thoroughfare in Kew, and thus should be an exception to the policy on private streets. In the end a decision was delayed to allow the ratepayers to drain and form the street themselves. And there the matter stood till September 1882, when Miss Reilly complained about rubbish on a block of land in Derrick Street. So, in October 1882 the Council agreed to take over and form the street with the ratepayers paying half the costs. The ratepayers did not want to pay, so the argument continued in Council into 1883. There was a standoff for a further 18 months, until the problem could no longer be ignored. In October 1884 the Inspector of Nuisances and the Health Officer reported that Derrick Street was a health hazard as there was no drainage outlet for waste water. These reports changed the status of the problem of Derrick Street. It became an issue of public health, and thus the Council, acting as the Local Board of Health, had power to prepare plans and order the ratepayers to drain the street and pay all the costs, or let the Council do the work and charge ratepayers half the costs of the works. By April 1885, the time for ratepayers to complete the works themselves had expired, so the Council proceeded with the work and required ratepayers to pay for their share of the costs. All ratepayers had paid by the end of April except Mr Whiddycombe, who refused to pay. Mr Whiddycombe was warned to pay in October 1885. Legal action was taken against him in November. The Council lost the case on technical grounds. The Council, acting as the Local Board of Health, relaunched the legal action and won. The last we hear of Derrick Street is that seven day’s notice was given to Derrick Street ratepayers to pay for the drainage works in May 1887. We presume that Mr Whiddycombe paid. (Research: Andrew Frost)Rare and historic publication issued by the Board of Health in the Borough of Kew in 1885 to residents of Derrick street regarding the need for proper drainage for the purpose of improving public health.Printed formal notice sent by the Board of Health of the Borough of Kew to landowners in Derrick Street, Kew. The notice advised the owners that they were required to form and drain the street according to the levels and specifications approved by the Board. The letter was sent on January 23rd 1885, and signed by the Inspector of Nuisances.borough of kew -- greater melbourne (vic.), council notices -- public health, derrick street -- kew (vic.)

South Beach DevelopmentColoured photograph of Drain being dug for South Beach Estatesouth beach, development, drain, sea, ocean, reef

The ice chest kept food cold prior to kerosene and later domestic electric refrigeration. A large block of ice was delivered twice weekly wrapped in hessian and carried on the shoulder of the ice man. The block was placed in the top of the chest and food on the shelves below. Melting ice was drained into a tray at the bottom. The chest was lined with galvanised iron or more expensive porcelain. The ice chest might be insulated with cork or other materials. An effective method of keeping food for a household situated near iceworks.wooden two door. Ice chest compartment door opens; bottom section nailed shut, unopenable. On Casters. Water tray missing. Ice compartment contains drain tray. Hole in base under ice tray. Pipe to drip tray (not visible). Cast hinges crystallisingFoys Melbice chest, early refrigeration, churchill island heritage farm

Newspaper clipping 1968Article calling for tenders for crushed stone, fuel and concrete kerbs and drains.phillip island, tenders for kerbs & drains

Wooden stand . top opens to reveal a basin which drains into a hole underneath.the name Volum is written at the back of the cabinetvolum collection, campaign furniture, seafaring, geelong, whaling, captain, whaler, peterhead, scotland, dry sink, wash stand, sink, james volum

Bluestone gutters are a feature of the Ballarat Central Business District.Colour photograph of a bluestone drain on the corner of Lydiard Street South and Chancery Lane. bluestone, gutter, drain, lydiard street south

South Beach Development looking toward Mal Dorea’s new house from the beach Coloured photograph of rocks and drain on beach looking at unfinished A framed house in backgrounsouth beach, development, mal dorea, house, building, bluestone, beach

Padlock & key, brass, "Jared Old English", "2 Admiralty", "Four Brass Leaders" and "Genuine Solid Brass". On reverse "Jas Morgan & Sons Ltd Justin Square Locksmiths by Appointment" and "Drain" above drain-hole..flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, padlock & key, jared old english, jared, old english, jas morgan & sons ltd, locksmiths by appointment

Part of the Uebergang Collection. Used by the Percy Uebergang family.Cream china soap dish with lid and drainer. The dish has a lip decorated in green with swirling green stripes on body. The lid has a green D-shaped handle with swirling green stripes to match dish. A white china drainer with green rim and 7 drain holes sits on the inside rim. Part of a toilet set consisting of bowl, ewer, soap dish and toothbrush holder.toilet sets, soap dishes, ablutions, allansford, uebergang, toilet sets, soap dishes, ablutions, allansford, uebergang

South Beach DevelopementColoured photograph of Mechanical digger working on rocks digging a drain for South Beach Estatesouth beach, development, digger, bluestone