Photographs taken in the 130 Australian General Hospital, which arrived in Japan on 10 March 1946. It was established on the island of Eta Jima where Alva Bennetts served. Part of the Bennetts Collection. See Cat 9726P for details of service for Alva Marie Bennetts.1. Black and white photograph featuring two nurses in uniform and a soldier in uniform. A patient in dressing gown is standing on left of photograph. Hospital beds in foreground and a decorated Christmas tree is in the background. Photo has a white border. 2. Black and white photograph of a group of five people standing in a hospital ward. Hospital beds visible. Photo has a white border.bennetts collection, alva bennetts, bcof, 130 australian general hospital

Photographs taken during snow skiing trips in Japan. Personnel in photographs include "Alva Bennetts" and her friends. Part of the Bennetts Collection. See Catalogue No. 9726P for details of service for Alva Marie Bennetts.Series of eleven black and white photographs of people on snowfields. Photographs vary in size. Each photograph has a white border.Each photo has a number written on the back in pencil.bennetts collection, alva bennetts, photographs, bcof, japan

Photographs taken/collected during Alva Bennetts' BCOF posting. Part of the Bennetts Collection. See Catalogue No. 9726P for details of service for "Alva Marie Bennetts".1. Colour photograph featuring two Japanese temple buildings within a forested area. Group of people in the foreground. White border around photograph. 2. Colour photograph featuring three people in traditional Japanese dress in front of a temple building. White border around photograph.bennetts collection, alva bennetts, japan, photographs, bcof

A slide rule is an instrument which is used to carry out mathematical calculations. William Oughtred is credited with its invention in 1621, however many others including Isaac Newton have made improvements or modifications over the years. From 1625 to 1800 there were approximately 40 different styles brought forward. with the following 100 years sees over 250 designs created.There have been different versions and modifications to suit scientific, mathematical and engineering requirements. It is interesting to note that many of the buildings of the 19th and 20th centuries have been designed with the use of slide rules. Their use has declined in the last 25-30 years with the advent of computers and specialist calculators.While not directly linked in any way to the history of Warrnambool, this slide rule would have been a item in use by students doing maths at upper secondary level as well as other applications which would make it a familiar object to many people.Coated bamboo with sliding metal framed glass panel or cursor . The bamboo is in three sections with the middle section movable. It is marked in various graduated measurements mainly in dark blue but with some in green and red.It is inside a dark grey rectangular box with a slide off lid on one end.There is a celluloid panel on the back with a conversion table printed on it. There is an accompanying 67 page manual with a pale green cover with black text. On slide rule:Sun Hemmi Japan No 2664S On box: Sun Hemmi Japan No 2664S warrnambool, hemmi slide rule, bamboo slide rule

The Olivetti company was founded in Italy in 1908.This particular typewriter is a Olivetti Lettera 22, oblique front stroke and portable manufactured after 1950. The 1950s and 1960s was a time when British manufactured goods were still purchased by many Australian consumers. The later 1960s onwards, there was a shift, mainly in the cities, to European made goods. The invasion of Japanese manufactured goods was relatively slower, especially in rural areas. The demand for long lasted and dependable merchandise was in the rural area still the most important criteria. The ease of setting up this typewriter and its compact mobility was its major benefit to trades people and travelling professionals, e.g. rural doctors, other medical professionals, accountants, lawyers and educators. This item facilitated the growing numbers of professional nomads requiring a relatively light office stationery package e.g. travelling novelist, writer, businessman and academics. This typewriter needed no electrical or battery power to operate it. Outback Australia, where at this point in time, was still relatively isolated from a good available electrical power reticulation and battery power, and therefore could not be totally measured as a highly efficient office environment.Although this typewriter was purchased from a business in Penrith, Sydney, N.S.W., it is significant that it travelled easily to the Kiewa Valley, demonstrating the mobility of certain sections of the community. This typewriter was designed by an Italian industrial designer, Marcello Nizzoli, in line with the art deco style of the 1930s and the colour and flexibility of the vibrant 1950s. The underlying theme of manufacturing in the 1950s was to produce equipment that was more efficient than what was inherited from the earlier period of 20th century. Improvements were made to this Olivetti typewriter by Giuseppe Beccio by reducing the number of parts made from 3,000 to 2,000. This reduction of parts and therefore cost of production was the major principle of the Japanese manufacturing juggernauts of the post World War II era. Efficiency and low costs material was becoming prime factors in the success of rural industries from the 1960s. Competition from overseas producers was starting to affect rural industries and the removal of the large range of tariff protection, especially rural products, required not only a shift of farm management but a more efficient cost savings modus operandi. This Olivetti Lettera 22, oblique front stroke portable (weighs 4kg) mechanical typewriter has a coral coloured plastic casing. The keys are made of black hardened plastic with white lettering, numbers and symbols (imperial fractions, and pound). It has a QWERTY keyboard as opposed to the Italian QZERTY. It has a lever to move the ribbon between black, neutral (for mimeograph stencils)and red colours (a red key is provided for highlighting specific words,letters or symbols) . This machine is fitted with only a black ribbon. It has a black rubber paper rollers and chromed metal parts on the carriage way. It has four rubber feet underneath the main body. On the left side of the roller there is a lever to adjust the roller from fixed (when mobile) through 1,2 and 3 line space gradients. This model has a key for zero but not one for the number one (uppercase letter l is used) see KVHS 0459 for the carrying bag.On the cover over the ribbon wheels letter strikers has a plate marked "Lettera 22" and the back plate behind the paper roller and in front of the paper supports has a silver metal label marked "olivetti made in great britain".commercial, mobile office equipment, mechanical typewriter

Australian general T Blamey is on the LH side of photo.Sepia photograph of WW2 surrender of Japanese. Three crosses marking three people. See notes. Group of allied military personal watching? (Japanese) signing the surrender documents out on a table. Printed in pen across lower edge "Japanese Surrender". photographs, japanese, surrender 1945

Warrnambool people and places. Small. medium and 1 large photographShow people and places in and around Warrnambool. WW11Maroon leatherette cover with linear embossing. 22 black thick paper pages laced and tied on front cover with two cords. Loose and photographs arranged on pages with photo corners. Some photographs removedEmbossed with gold printing and line decorationphotographs, album, photos, warrnambool photographs, warrnambool

This typewriter case allowed the Olivetti typewriter to be securely and free from contaminants to be totally mobile. The Olivetti typewriter company was founded in Italy in 1908 and became a leader in portable dependable typewriters.This particular typewriter contained is a Olivetti Lettera 22, oblique front stroke and portable manufactured after 1950. During the 1950s and 1960s was a time when British and European manufactured goods were still purchased by many Australian consumers. After the 1970s however, there was a shift, mainly in the cities, to Japanese made goods. The invasion of Japanese manufactured goods was relatively slower, especially in rural areas. The demand for long lasting and dependable merchandise was in the rural area still the most important criteria. The ease of setting up this typewriter and its compact mobility was its major benefit to trades people and travelling professionals, e.g. rural doctors, other medical professionals, accountants, lawyers and educators. This item(carrying case) facilitated the growing numbers of professional nomads requiring a relatively light office stationery package e.g. travelling novelist, writer, businessman and academics. This typewriter needed no electrical or battery power to operate it therefore the inside compartment did not require additional storage pockets . Outback Australia, where at this point in time, good available electrical power reticulation and battery power, was a scarce and therefore could not be totally measured as a highly efficient office environment. The protective carrying bag provided the only mobile way to operate in some business and home locations.Although this typewriter cover and its typewriter was purchased from a business in Penrith, Sydney, N.S.W., it is significant that it travelled easily to the Kiewa Valley, demonstrating the mobility of certain sections of the community. This typewriter cover protected the expensive typewriter it contained which was designed by an Italian industrial designer, Marcello Nizzoli, in line with the art deco style of the 1930s and the colour and flexibility of the vibrant 1950s. The underlying theme of manufacturing in the 1950s was to produce equipment that was more efficient than what was inherited from the earlier period of 20th century. Improvements were made to this Olivetti typewriter by Giuseppe Beccio by reducing the number of parts made from 3,000 to 2,000. Protection of such a typewriter was of an utmost necessity. The need for mobile expensive typewriters waned as less expensive typewriters became available. This was the major principle of the Japanese manufacturing juggernauts of the post World War II. Efficiency and low cost material was becoming prime factors in the success of rural industries from the 1960s. Competition from overseas producers was starting to affect rural industries and the removal of the large range of tariff protection, especially rural products, required not only a shift of farm management but a more efficient cost savings modus operandi.This is a semi hard cover (cloth over cardboard on inside, plastic over cardboard on outside), camel coloured outside and tartan cloth covered pattern inside the typewriter case. the case can be opened up by "unzipping" the top from the bottom halves of the case. For carrying purposes the case has two plastic covering metal handles with brass fittings. There are two stitched on brown reinforcement straps encompassing both sides of the case. The two reinforcing straps are brown in colour and a securing strap with a press button at one end to allow an extra securing tongue to keep the cover secure. The top inside of the case has a three quarters long paper compartment (flap style). See KVHS 0455 for Olivetti Lettera typewriter.commercial, protective carry bags/cases for mobile office equipment, mechanical typewriter

1. Photograph features Alva Bennetts and friend, taken during BCOF deployment. Part of the Bennetts Collection. See Cat No. 9726P for details of Alva Marie Bennetts service, (VFX128835)1. Sepia toned photograph of two women in uniform standing in the doorway of a weatherboard building. 2. Black and white photograph of a group consisting of two men and two women. Group is sitting on rocks with trees in background. People are dressed in civilian clothes. 3. Black and white photograph of a group of uniformed personnel on the steps at the front of a building. Group consists of Army, Airforce and Nursing personnel. Two Japanese men carrying suitcases in foreground. alva bennetts, bcof, photographs, japan

Photographs of Kamakura, Japan, collected by Alva Bennetts during a visit whilst on her BCOF deployment. Part of the Bennetts collection. See Catalogue No. 9726P for details of service for Alva Marie Bennetts VFX128835.1. Black and white photograph of a Japanese building. trees and a second building in the background. RH side has a piece of red cord attached. 2. Black and white close-up photograph of the buildings featured in 1. Two people in foreground. 3. Black and white photograph of a Japanese Temple with gate pillars in foreground. Trees surround building. 4. Black and white photograph of a statue of Buddha. Green cord tied through a hole at the top. 5. Black and white photograph of the head and shoulders of a statue of Buddha. 6. Black and white photograph of a statue of a sitting Buddha. Steps and large urns in foreground, trees in background. 7. Black and white photograph with details as per no. 6. 8. Black and white close-up of the statue of Buddha's head.2. Handwritten in black ink on back: “In September each year, Japanese girls dance on the platform of this shrine at Kamakura.” 3. Etched in white on top LHC of photograph: “KENCHOJI TEMPLE AT KAMAKURA.” 6. The great Buddha is a bronze figure of Amida, one of the Buddhist gods. It was cast in 1252. you can walk right up into the head of it. Note the position of the hands which are laid on the lap palms upwards and thumbs touching, the Buddhist sign for steadfast faith. 8. You can see where the Buddha was damaged during the 1923 earthquake. alva bennetts, bennetts collection, bcof, japan, kamakura, photographs, buddha

Ill, p.151non-fictionPeter Firkins has produced a heroic figure comparable in courage and selflessness to that of the legendary 'Weary' Dunlop, and whose story should be known by all Australians in the same way. What a wonderful epitaph to a man born into a humble Yass family at the end of the nineteenth century who, by his own determination and intellect, won a scholarship for his secondary education at St Patrick's College, Goulburn and an Exhibition to study medicine at Sydney University. Almost by pure chance he pursued his medical career in an outpost of the British Empire then known as British North Borneo to become Principal Medical Officer at the time of the Japanese occupation during World War II. The Japanese allowed the civilian medical staff to remain at their posts with the status of 'simple confinement' while at the same time the bewildered local people looked to someone for leadership in their new and unaccustomed circumstances.Aided by his wonderful wife Celia he was imperceptibly drawn into the key role of organising the underground movement among loyal native and giving support to the Australian Prisoners of War transferred to Borneo from Singapore. In 1943 he was exposed to the Japanese, arrested and terribly tortured. Donated by Major General M.P.J. O'Brien, July 2018. Signed by authorworld war 1939 – 1945 - prisons and prisoners - japanese, world war 1939 – 1945 – personal narratives – australia

Ill, map, p.316.non-fictionAs the clock struck twelve to signal the start of 1942, Australians did not give the New Year their traditional noisy welcome. Regular events were cancelled, nightclub bookings were down and most people stayed in their blacked out homes. Clocks were put forward an hour for the start of daylight saving, as part of a war-time scheme to save power. All around the Pacific, Japan was making gains. They already occupied most of China; bombed Pearl Harbour, Guam and Wake; sunk the stars of the British naval fleet, the Prince of Wales and Repulse. They had landed in British Borneo, Hong Kong and the Philippines. This is the story of 1942, as told in first-hand accounts by the men and women in Australia and around the world. world war 1939-1945 - personal narratives - australia, soldiers - australia - diaries

Index, p.396.eading international experts offer an up-to-date, comprehensive history and analyses of multiple cases of genocide and genocidal acts, with a focus on the twentieth century and extensive coverage of the post-1945 period - including the atrocities in the former Yugoslavia, Bali, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Rwanda, East Timor, and Guatemala. "This collection of essays by leading international experts offers an up-to-date, comprehensive history and analysis of multiple cases of genocide and genocidal acts, with a focus on the twentieth century. The book contains studies of the Armenian genocide, the victims of Stalinist terror, the Holocaust, and imperial Japan. Several authors explore colonialism and address the fate of the indigenous peoples in Africa, North America, and Australia. As well, there is extensive coverage of the post-1945 period, including the atrocities in the former Yugoslavia, Bali, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Rwanda, East Timor, and Guatemala. The book emphasizes the importance of comparative analysis and theoretical discussion, and it raises new questions about the difficult challenges for modernity constituted by genocide and other mass crimes.crimes against humanity, genocide - history

Index, bibliography, ill, maps, p.288.non-fictionReaping the Whirlwind offers amazing insight into the events of World War II through the eyes of those who fought against the Allied forces in all theatres of the war. Readers will comb through many previously unpublished accounts of the war from German, Italian and Japanese soldiers, civilians and military leaders. The book covers every major arena of the war: Europe; the German invasion of Russia; Rommel's Afrika Korps; and the Pacific war between Japan and forces of the US, Australia and New Zealand. Reaping the Whirlwind uses the authentic voices of Germans and Japanese people caught up in the conflict and highlights the similar deprivations and dangers experienced by both victors and vanquished. world war 1939-1945 - participation - germany, world war 1939-1945 - participation - japan

Index, bibliography, notes, ill, map, p.404.non-fictionBy March 1942, the Japanese had steamrolled through Malaya, laid siege to Singapore, and bombed Darwin with the same ferocity they had dealt Pearl Harbor. Nothing could stop them. Their next step was inevitable, surely: the invasion and occupation of Australia. Meanwhile, as Australian prime minister John Curtin was battling with Winston Churchill to get troops back from overseas to defend their homeland, he was also positioning to ensure the United States would be there with us to fend off the approaching enemy. And at home, people pitched in as best they could and in any way to frustrate the invader. They all played their part, torn between 'she'll be right' and near panic. On Our Doorstep is the story of how Australia and Australians - the government, the military and the people - prepared to face this calamity, and the events that persuaded them of its probability. In the end, Japan found it had stretched itself beyond the reliability of its supply line, but had it ever intended to invade Australia?world war 1939 – 1945 – campaigns – south west pacific, australia - politics and government - 1939-1945

Index, notes, ill, p.601.non-fictionTake a journey back to the front line with two Australian veterans as they retrace the footsteps of soldiers and politicians, villagers and the enemy in a meticulously researched new history of the Vietnam War. Thirty years after the end of the Vietnam war comes an objective analysis of Australia's involvement. The book shows the extent of Australia's engagement in the Vietnam war and its contribution compared to its allies. "For Australians, Vietnam remains one of the most difficult-and controversial-wars we have fought. On the fiftieth anniversary of Australia's first involvement comes Vietnam: the complete story of the Australian war, for anyone who wishes to understand why Australia went to war, and who wants to make sense of the intensely unrelenting warfare. For Bruce Davies and Gary McKay, the history of Vietnam-its wars, colonial domination, its search for freedom and its subsequent loss-speaks to an Australian anxiety of a very small population far away from the centre of an empire to which it was firmly committed. The rise of Japan, the war in the Pacific and the postcolonial independence of the peoples of southeast Asia, coupled with the mercurial influence of Ho Chi Minh and the rise of communism, form the background to the commitment of Australian forces. Vietnam takes the reader to the front line, describing the experiences of soldier, politician, villager, enemy; and into the war room to unpick the military and political strategies. We see the challenges the Australians faced against not only a dogged enemy, but also those by the allies in the quest to defeat a powerful counterinsurgency. ... Meticulously researched and marked with acute critical analysis and a deep understanding of the place and the war, Vietnam shows the experience of Australian soldiers as never before.vietnam war 1961-1975 – history, vietnam war 1961-1975 – australian involvement

Index, ill, p.644.non-fictionA political and social history of Australia during the war of 1939-45. This volume carries the story to December 1941, when Japan entered the waraustralia - politics and government 1939-1941, australia - social conditions - 1939-1941

Ill, index, bib, p.207.non-fictionJapans Gestapo provides comprehensive evidence of the ruthlessness of the Kempeitai against the white and Asian people under their control/.atrocities - japan, world war 1939 – 1945 - prisons and prisoners – japanese

Index, bibliography, ill, p.360.When Singapore fell dramatically to the Japanese on 15 February 1942, hundreds of people scrambled to leave. Amongst the evacuees were 65 Australian nurses. They boarded a coastal freighter named the Vyner Brooke, which was sunk by the Japanese. From a group of 60 shipwreck survivors including 22 nurses, Vivian Bullwinkel was the only survivor. royal australian army nursing corps, vivian bullwinkel

Ill, p.109.On 19th February 1942, Australia came under air attack for the first time when Japanese forces mounted two air raids on Darwin. On that day, 242 Japanese aircraft attacked Darwin in an attempt to prevent the Allies from using it as a base. 235 people were killed in the two raids, and more than 400 were wounded, 30 aircraft were destroyed, nine ships were sunk in Darwin harbour and two outside, and many civil and military facilities in Darwin were damaged. This book provides a visual record of that time through photographs, some depicting the devastation of war brought to Northern Australia, while others capture how life was for so many during this time.world war 1939-1945 - darwin - history, darwin - bombimg - 1942

Ill, maps, p.556.fictionSet in the heart of Borneo's millennial magnificence, a rolling adventure unfolds from Churchill's War Cabinet Rooms to Japan's Imperial Palace as brutality rains down on a guileless people whose hopes for freedom come to focus on a man who fights to save them, his oilfields and the woman he loves.world war 1939-1945 - fiction, borneo - fiction

Index, ill, p.485.Nearly one million Australians out of a total population of just seven million people joined the armed forces in World War II. They made an enormous contribution to the allied war effort; they inflicted the first land defeat of the Japanese at Milne Bay in New Guinea during that war and played a crucial part in the Battle of El Alamein in North Africa, the first defeat on land of the Germans. These victories in battle were only made possible by their support from home. Still recovering from the First World War and the Great Depression the Australian population rallied to make these achievements possible. This is the story of Australia and Australians at war at home and abroad in the six years, 1939 to 1945military history of australia in world war two, australia - politics and government - 1939-1945

Ill, p.330.non-fictionReg Chard endured hell as an 18-year-old Australian soldier who fought in 1942 on the infamous Kokoda Trail in World War II. Ironically, Kokoda rescued Reg decades later when he decided to take his own life. After losing Betty, his wife of 66 years, the grief-stricken great-grandfather lost the will to live. But he found new purpose through educating young people, giving guided tours of Sydney's Kokoda Track Memorial Walkway. On these tours, Reg relives Kokoda every day. He sees an image on the wall of a soldier - a comrade - who succumbed to disease weeks after the photograph was taken. He feels his heart beating as his patrol chases down Japanese troops who had mutilated women in a jungle clearing. He hears the war cry of a samurai sword-wielding officer charging towards him. And he tells these stories along the walkway, preserving the memory of those who never came home. As one of the last surviving diggers of Kokoda, Reg Chard has become a custodian of its legacy.world war 1939 – 1945 – campaigns – kokoda, campaigns - south west pacific theatre

Small push button counter used for manually counting, for example, people or enquiries. Source within NMIT is unknown.Small metal counter on round base. White numbers on black background.Manufacturer's name inscribed on side "PLUS Japan"counters, metal counters, nmit,

A green tin with a pictures of trees on the lid. The words 'Autumn Glory' are also written on the lid - 1. Series 1 - 12 'Life in other Lands.' A set of six photographs in each envelope. From pictures painted by E .S. Hardy. The All-British Picture Company Ltd., The Sunday School Union, 57/59 Ludgate Hill. London, E.C.4. 2. One envelope containing beautiful coloured reproductions of the paintings by E. Stuart Hardy. Titled 'Early Saints of History.' A.B. Shaw & Co., Ltd. 3, Creed Lane, Ludgate Hill, London, E.C.4. 3. Four black and white postcard size photographs of the process of making Guinness in a plain envelope.place, tin, lydia chancellor collection, collection, tin, photograph, photo, photos, photographs, guinness manufacturing, history, early saints of history, saints, st. columba, st. patrick, caedmon, st. augustine, st. benedict, st. francis, life in other lands, china, japan, africa, eskimos, inuits, south seas, india, geography, person, people, e. s. hardy, art, artwork, painting, place, societies

In August 1945, the Vietnamese people led by the Communist Party and President Ho Chi Ninh rose up to wrest back national independence and freedom from the French colonial ists and Japanese fascists.vietnam history - 1945 - 1975, vietnam war (1961-1975), indochinese war, 1946-1954, president ho chi ninh

In August 1945, the Vietnamese people led by the Communist Party and President Ho Chi Ninh rose up to wrest back national independence and freedom from the French colonial ists and Japanese fascists.vietnam history - 1945 - 1975, vietnam war (1961-1975), indochinese war, 1946-1954, president ho chi ninh

People, events, horticultureMedium sized stiff card award certificate, undated, green printing on cream, ornate borders.On front: Buninyong Horticultural Society, Class 2, No.22, Honorary FIRST PRIZE, For 3 Jap'e Chrysanthemums, Awarded to Mr. M. Georg (sic), Exhibitor's No. 12, G. Lovett, Secretary.m. george, g.lovett, buninyong horticultural society, chrysanthemum

After WWII, Japan became an export centre for many items, mostly under heavy US investment. They provided the market with an extensive range of mass-produced and affordable pieces. Pieces are typically unmarked, or else simply say 'Japan' in a fine red ink. These items were designed to replicate German-made porcelain trinkets, export of which was halted due to the war's impact of people's perception of Germany as a country at that time. Commonalities are a white glossy surface, hand-painted details and gold highlights. The Japanese pieces differ in that their casting is not as crisp, and there is often roughly-textured decorative spots of applied grit or extrusions. Small porcelain 'tree trunk' vase, white gloss glaze with a figural squirrel and 2 birds. Flowers dotted about, hand-painted. Unmarked, likely made in Japan circa 1940s 1950s. Condition note: broken on back.none

In addition to the programme, the names of the 268 people who died and the 64 survivors are listed, and a history of the Cenatur, including the attack by a japanese submarine which resulted in the sinkinkg on 14 May 1943of significance to the AHNL as AH graduate Eileen Rutherford was one of the victimsStapled illustrated programme. Front cover has a light blue backround blue print, in addition to the titel the is a cloured illustration of a ship flying a white flag with red cross. there are also three red crosses painted on the side of the ship and the number 47 [AHS Centaur]. On the back cover is a black and white photograph of the Centaur during construction.previous catalogue number written at top right of front coverahs centaur, world war 1939-1945