By the close of the 19th century, colonial children in Australia (especially poorer ones) were expected to work by age 10 or 11. Boys could become apprentices or assistants to trades such as butchers, printers, carpenters, bakers, smiths or services such as delivering newspapers. Girls could work as domestic servants, seamstresses, or in large clothing factories or weaving mills. Girls as young as 6 could work in cities selling stationary or matches to passers-by. In the 1880s workers in matchstick factories, predominantly women and young girls (4-16 years old) from working-class families could work up to 14 hours a day and were exposed to deadly phosphorous vapours on a daily basis. This led to the devastating disease known as “phossy jaw” or “phosphorous necrosis of the jaw” which caused the jawbone to rot. This small rectangular tin matchbox with raised writing on top would once have been gold and brightly coloured. It has a metal striker on the inside as this type of match contains phosphorous which is volatile and can be lit by friction. Duncan's Waterproof Wax vestas

A Handbook of The Birds of Tasmania Author: Frank Mervyn Littler Publisher: Frank Littler Date: 1910Label on spine cover with typed text RA 598.29946 LIT Pastedown front endpaper has sticker from Warrnambool Mechanics Institute and Free Library warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, warrnambool mechanics’ institute, a handbook of the birds of tasmania, frank mervyn littler

Colour photograph of the Melbourne Arts Centre and buildings lit during White Night. A number of photographs of luminations from White Night Melbourne.melbourne, melbourne art centre, white night, spire

This is a photo of a fancy dress party in the old Halls Gap Hall. The hall is lit by oil lamps.The photo shows a large group of people, some dressed in fancy dress, grouped in rows for the photo. In the background is a wooden slat wall of a building with the framework visible. There is a large light in the centre, top of the photo and thick cables/wires extend from it to the edges.buildings, halls, recreation, parties

The sanctuary lamp was part of the original furnishings of St Nicholas Seamen's Church, Williamstown, Victoria. The church was operated by the Missions to Seamen organisation. The lamp was donated by Miss C. Roberts to St Nicholas Seamen's Church, Williamstown, as a memorial to Edward Roberts, who passed away on August 7th, 1905, as stated on the plaque. THE MISSIONS TO SEAMEN (Brief History: for more, see our Reg. No. 611, Set of Pews) The Missions to Seamen was an Anglican charity that served seafarers of the world since 1856 in Great Britain. It symbol is a Flying Angel, inspired by a Bible verse. Today there are centres in over 200 ports world-wide where seamen of all backgrounds are offered a warm welcome and provided with a wide range of facilities. In Victoria the orgainsation began in Williamstown in 1857 as a Sailors’ Church, also known as ‘Bethel’ or the ‘Floating Church’ in an old hulk floating in Hobson’s Bay, Port of Melbourne. It soon became part of the Missions to Seamen, Victoria. In the year 2000 the organisation, now named Mission to Seafarers, still operated locally in Melbourne, Portland, Geelong and Hastings. The Ladies’ Harbour Lights Guild was formed in 1906 to support the Missions to Seamen in Melbourne and other centres such as Williamstown. Two of the most significant ladies of the Guild were founder Ethel Augusta Godfrey and foundation member Alice Sibthorpe Tracy (who established a branch of the Guild in Warrnambool in 1920). The Guild continued its work until the 1960s. In 1943 a former Williamstown bank was purchased for the Missions to Seaman Club. The chapel was named St Nicholas’ Seamen’s Church and was supported by the Ladies’ Harbour Lights Guild, the Williamstown Lightkeepers’ Auxiliary and the League of Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Friends. It ceased operation in 1966. A Missions to Seamen Chapel and Recreation Room was a significant feature of ports during the late 1800s and into the 1900s. It seemed appropriate for Flagstaff Hill to include such a representation within the new Maritime Village, so the Melbourne Board of Management of Missions to Seamen Victoria gave its permission on 21st May 1979 for the entire furnishings of the Williamstown chapel to be transferred to Flagstaff Hill. The St Nicholas Seamen’s Church was officially opened on October 11, 1981, and closely resembles the Williamstown chapel. The lamp is socially significant as a lasting memorial to Edward Roberts. It is also significant historically for its origin in the St Nicholas Mission to Seamen's Church in Williamstown, established in 1857 to cater for the physical, social, and spiritual needs of seafarers. It originated in Bristol, England when a Seamen's Mission was formed in 1837. The lamp is historically significant for its connection to the Ladies Lightkeepers’ Auxiliary, an organisation of women, formed to support seafarers. The connection of this lamp to the Mission to Seamen highlights the strong community awareness of the life of people at sea, their dangers and hardships, and their need for physical, financial, spiritual and moral support. Sanctuary Lamp, brass six-sided lamp supported by three chains to a main disc, with single chain above. Ring on base. Ruby glass bowl on top. Inscribed glass plates on sides. Lamp bowl is lit by electric lamp. Made in England.Marked on plates "In Loving Memory of Edward Roberts who passed away 7 August 1905 Nearer My God To Thee"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, religion, religious service, sailors rest, bethel sailors’ church, bethel floating church, ladies harbour light guild, harbor lights guild, joy club for fighters, ladies lightkeepers’ auxiliary, missions to seamen victoria, mission to seafarers, flying angel’s club, st nicholas seamen’s church williamstown, st nicholas mission to seamen church williamstown, mission to seamen williamstown, st nicholas seamen’s church flagstaff hill, 139 nelson place williamstown, sanctuary lamp, electric lamp, church lighting, pendant lamp, edward roberts, memorial plaque, 7-08-1905, c. roberts

The people were gathered around the large cake to celebrate the centenary of European settlement in Sunbury.A black and white photograph with a cream border of a crowd of people standing in an outdoor area behind a 3 tier cake on a table, which has candles lit on it. Two men are standing directly behind the large cake. The photograph was processed at Lloyds Chemist in Sunbury.

Black and white photograph of MMTB Scrubber No. 4 at South Melbourne Depot, during 1939 On the right hand side of the photograph is W2 probably 568 painted for the 25th (and lit) for the 25th Anniversary of Luna Park. See email from Mal Rowe - htd3597doca.pdftrams, tramways, scrubber tram, south melbourne depot, service tramcars, luna park, tram 4, tram 568

Colour lithograph depicting two women in long dresses and bonnets, holding tennis racquets and standing by a high wall, and the face of a man with a lit cigarette looking over the wall from the other side. Materials: Ink, Cardboard, Cloth, Wood, Glass, Metal, Adhesive labeltennis

Part of a collection from Mrs Jessie Smith. The Isle of Wight Hotel burnt down 1926. Some say it was deliberately lit.Isle of Wight Hotel fire in 1926. Clouds of smoke over barely visible building at right, tree at left.local history, photographs, burning building, cowes, phillip island, sepia photograph, the esplanade cowes, hostelries, building fire, the isle of wight hotel cowes phillip island, jessie smith collection, stan mcfee

Bonfire for the combined Briar Hill and Diamond Valley Hospital. The bonfire was officially lit by Frank Davis Member for Deakin (1949-1966) black and white photographbriar hill, bob manuell, briar hill committee, diamond valley hospital, frank davis, bonfire

Lamps standards 46/- Lamps 30/- Purchased November 1968, and first lit Wed 26th 1869. Murray Comrie Collection.Monochrome photograph of the historic lamppost outside the Presbyterian Church in Tarnagulla. This is an original photograph probably taken in the 1960s. tarnagulla, buildings, churches, church, presbyterian, religion, lighting, lamppost, power, energy

From the collection of Margaret ScarlettTriangle shaped cream crockery ash tray. Fine green line around top edge. An indentation to hold lit cigarettes in each corner. Transfer of a bulldog sitting on Union Jack with warships and planes in the background on bottom of ashtray. 'Britain's Challenge' written on top of illustration and 'Come On..' below.'Britain's Challenge' Come On.. Empire England Ivory 741personal effects, smoking accessories, civic mementoes, souvenirs

Eltham Gateway, Sweet D Lites, 820 Main Road, Eltham Former Burgoyne shop and Post Office, now hometo San Antonio BarbershopTomorrow's history documented todayeltham, jim connor collection, main road, eltham gateway, burgoyne's shop, sweeet d lites

Eltham Gateway, View across Main Road to Sweet D Lites at 820 Main Road and unit complex at 72-74 Bridge Street, ElthamTomorrow's history documented todayeltham, jim connor collection, main road, eltham gateway, bridge street, burgoyne's shop, sweeet d lites

Eltham Gateway, View across Main Road to Sweet D Lites at 820 Main Road and unit complex at 72-74 Bridge Street, ElthamTomorrow's history documented todayeltham, jim connor collection, main road, eltham gateway, bridge street, burgoyne's shop, sweeet d lites

Eltham Gateway, Sweet D Lites, 820 Main Road, Eltham Former Burgoyne shop and Post Office, now hometo San Antonio BarbershopTomorrow's history documented todayeltham, jim connor collection, main road, eltham gateway, burgoyne's shop, sweeet d lites

Platform Lamp - Kerosene Platform Lamp Station Lamp When Made - 1900s Typical of the lights that lit a lonely railway station in the days before electricity.Historic - Early Railway Platform Kerosene LampLarge Kerosene Platform Lamp made of tin, brass and glasslamp, puffing billy, station lamp

Southern Cross Series. Specially written to meet the requirements of the New Zealand Code. Sold by William P. Linehan, 309 Lit. Collins Street, Melbourne.Softcover book with hand-stitched brown cover. 128 pp. Good condition.Title page top, 'Henry. Carey. J.P./Bald Hills/Kilmore East/March 29 - 3 - 1902'. Inside front cover, various arithmetical calculations.arithmetic text, henry carey

This is a car and motorbike inner tube puncture kit. The patch was clamped on the roughened area of the puncture and the red composition material was lit with a match resulting in the patch vulcanizing on to the tube. Metal horseshoe shaped clamp with screw clamp. It has small oval flat metal dish with circular piece of perforated metal loose on top.Leggett on one side of the horseshoe and Use Leggett refills on other side.warrnambool, leggett puncture kit, car puncture kit,

Bonfire for the combined Briar Hill and Diamond Valley Hospital, also included a community BBQ. The bonfire was officially lit by Frank Davis Member for Deakin (1949-1966) black and white photographVerso: Combined Briar Hill Committee + D V Hospital Bon firebriar hill, bob manuell, briar hill committee, diamond valley hospital, frank davis, bonfire

Account page from W. J. Lenten, Shamrock Tobacco Store, Wholesale and Retail Tobacco Merchant. Date line ends 193-. Printing in the name has shadow and pale grey background. On the left of Tobacco Merchant is a lit pipe on a pipe stand. Printed in black and grey with red cash lines.business, printers, cambridge press, cambridge press collection, w j lenten, sdhamrock tobacco store

The Uebergang family lived at Tooram Park, Allansford from 1912 until 1992. The projector is part of a collection of toys given into the care of Cheese World Museum.Tin toy projector mounted on a wooden base. A box shape with a lens on the front has a removable lid with a fluted edge. In front of this is the film holder which has a carrier for the film, a winding mechanism, and a protruding lens at the front. This projector was lit by a candle inserted in the body. A baseplate with the manufacturer's name is on the front of the wooden mount.Fairymark/Made in Japantin toys, projectors, film, allansford, uebergang, fairymark, audio visual appliances, photography

Has a strong association with Richard Gilbert and the BTM's 40th anniversary celebrations.Newspaper clipping from The Courier, Ballarat 28 May 2011, titled "Our trams on the right track, 40 years on", written by Emma Schenk, featuring a photo of Richard Gilbert in a single trucker with 39 in the background and two lit candles "4" and "0" on the controller. Details the weekend events. Photo by Jeremy Bannister.btm, 40th anniversary, celebrations, btps

Yields information about Ballarat 's No. 23 illuminated in the depot.Digital image from the Wal Jack Ballarat Album of No. 23, as the Gold tram lit up inside the depot, prior to use on Victoria St to meet the Cobb and Co coach (See Reg Item 5321 and 22.) Taken by Wal Jack 19-8-1951. See image i2 for rear of photograph.Written on rear in ink "SEC Ballarat, No.23 inside depot 19-8-51" and the Wal Jack stamp in the top right hand corner with the number "T21/PC" written in.trams, tramways, gold tram, depot, tram 23

Wedge for splitting large logs in Barmah Forest. Wedge was put in log. Gunpowder from cylinder was placed in log and jammed down. Gunpowder was then lit and used to split open the log~ solid metal pointy wedge-shaped cylinder ~ metal cylindrical case, lid comes off, attached to lid is a long metal stick with a flattened end.log splitting, barmah forest, wedge, gunpowder

In 1900 this building was described as 'handsome in design, well lit, well ventilated, commodious - containing Council room, office, chemical laboratory, mineralogical laboratory, students room and six lecture rooms. Postcard of the original hand coloured plan on linen of the Ballarat School of Mines New Classrooms (from 2014 known as the Federation University Australia SMB campus Administration Building). The plan shows the front elevation, section on line, ground and 1st floor plan. ballarat school of mines, new classrooms, administration building, architectural plans

Lighting was by gas before electricity was installed in houses. Before the 1800s most homes, workplaces and streets were lit by candles or oil lamps.The cities had gas before the country areas.Gas lighting was available in the Kiewa Valley before electricity was installed.Early 20th century. Gas light used indoors and made of copper tubing, brass, and bakelite.gas lights, home lighting