Black and white photo, faded, pasted onto buff board. Possibly copy of original. Image shows 23 men standing and seated in front of corrugated iron mine shed. Men are dressed in suit coats and trousers, some wearing hats. Two men wearing collar and tie. On back of photo, written in pen : 'The photo of the New Chum Gold Fields Mine, Ddgiamond Hill, Bendigo, was taken about 1911, the Manager (Wilfred Rickards) seated in centre. There was a dozen or more mines in diamond Hill at that time. G.H. Furness, 116 High Street, Kangaroo Flat.'bendigo, mining, new chum goldfields mine

Black and white photograph of an image. Poppet head, overhead tramway, mine buildings, dam. Inscriptions: on front at bottom - printed 'United Devonshire'. Inscriptions: on back, type written. 'The 'United Devonshire' - New Chum Line of Reef'. Situated in the Devonshire Valley immediately south of Victoria St, Eaglehawk. Was the leading mine in the field in the years 1883-4 and 1885 during which time it produced 65,898 oz of gold and paid $(?)399,800 in dividends. This mine was then situated on what in January, 1902, became the West Shaft. The Company was then amalgamated with the 'Princess Alexandra' (approx 100 yds further east) which then became the Main Shaft of the 'United Devonshire'. All typed on paper and glued to back of image. Handwritten in ball point pen 'A Richardson, 29 Harrison St, Bendigo'.mining, surface equipment, united devonshire, bendigo, mines and mining, poppet head, eaglehawk, devonshire valley, mining sheds

Black and white photograph of an image. Poppet head, overhead tramway, mine buildings, dam. Inscriptions: on front at bottom - printed 'United Devonshire'. Inscriptions: on back, type written. 'The 'United Devonshire' - New Chum Line of Reef'. Situated in the Devonshire Valley immediately south of Victoria St, Eaglehawk. Was the leading mine in the field in the years 1883-4 and 1885 during which time it produced 65,898 oz of gold and paid $(?)399,800 in dividends. This mine was then situated on what in January, 1902, became the West Shaft. The Company was then amalgamated with the 'Princess Alexandra' (approx 100 yds further east) which then became the Main Shaft of the 'United Devonshire'. All typed on paper and glued to back of image. Handwritten in ball point pen 'A Richardson, 29 Harrison St, Bendigo'.mining, surface equipment, united devonshire, bendigo, mines and mining, mines, poppet head, mining sheds, devonshire valley, eaglehawk

Photograph. Carwardine collection, photograph of poppet head and mullock heap. On back reads 10.2.1956, in Sun news, Thursday 9.4.1953, page 12. Central Deborah mine, one of Bendigo's two remaining active mines. It's 102 years since gold was first discovered at Golden Square, but today only two Deborah mines are working where once 3000 mines hummed. The Bendigo field had yielded 22,000,000 ounces valued at 110,000.000 pounds and three times more on today's value but last years output was only 10,000 ounces and the year before 13000 ounces. Two photos.Herald - Sunbendigo, business, carwardine soap and candle

Charcoal grey soft covered booklet with views of the Michigan College of Mines. * General View * Hubbell Hall * Mechanical Engineering Building * Mining and Metallurgy Buildings, with Stamp Mill in the Distance * Chemistry Building * College Club and Gymnasium Building * Architects Sketch of Library and Museum Building * Metallurgy Building * Mining Engineering Building * Assaying Course G1 * General Chemistry Course F1 * Inspecting Drill Operations * Mineralogy - COurses W1 and W2 * Railroad Surveying - Course Q1 * Field Geology * Reporting on Power PLants at Tamarack No. 5 Hoist * Sketching Ore Pockets * Pattern Shop * Physics Course * Underground in Champion Mine * QUalitative Chemistry * Field Surveying * Ore Dressing * HYdraulics Course * Machine Shop * Palaeontology and Historical Geology * Just Up from Lake Angeline Mine, Ishpeming Mineralogical Museum * Gymnasium, College Club Building * Lounging Room of College Club Buildingmichigan college of mines, school of mines, michigan, houghton, michigan, f.w. mcnair, united states of america, schools of mines, michigan school of mines

The photograph appears to depict the of the entrance to the Rocky Mountain Tunnel. The Rocky Mountain Tunnel runs from opening of the tunnel, underneath the Beechworth town, to the Gorge. This tunnel drained the excess water from the upper Spring Creek Goldfield to allow for mining access in the area. The Rocky Mountain Co. blasted through the granite rock to create the original 400ft-long tunnel in 1859, but between 1867 and 1871, the Rocky Mountain Gold Sluicing Co. widened and extended it. At its completion, it measured 14ft deep, 6ft wide, and almost half a mile long. The mining surveyor at Beechworth called it 'without doubt, the greatest undertaking of the kind in the colony'. When the company became the Rocky Mountain Extended Gold Sluicing Co. in the mid-1870s, they continued the tunnelling work. The work was reportedly vital to mining being able to continue at Beechworth and may have established world records in tunnelling through hard rock. The entrance at the Gorge side of the tunnel can be seen from the Beechworth Gorge Walk. The tunnel continues to be an outfall drain for the lake and the town.The search for gold is ingrained into the history of Victoria and therefore, images like this one which portray an open cut sluicing site can reveal important information for society and technology for the date when the photograph was taken. This image is of important historical significance for its ability to convey information about sluicing and the methods used to find gold in the late 1800s and early 1900s. It also shows a location where sluicing was undertook which provides insight into the impact of sluicing on the environment at a time when it was done. The Burke Museum is home to a substantial collection of Australian mining photographs which can be used to gain a deeper understanding into life on the gold fields, technology used in mining, the miners themselves and the impact of the gold digging on the environment.A black and white rectangular reproduced photograph printed on matte photographic paper.7814beechworth, beechworth museum, burke museum, australian museum, mining, rocky mountain mining co., rocky mountain mining company, mine, mining company, rocky mountain mine, mine entrance, rocky mountain, gold, gold mining

In Australia, precious opal is found in Cretaceous age sandstones and mudstones. These sedimentary rocks were deeply weathered and this weathering released silica into the groundwater.Australia is the only part of the world where opalised animal and plant fossils have been found. Opal artefacts several thousands of years old have been discovered in East Africa. As early as 250 BC the Romans prized opals, thought to have come from mines in Eastern Europe, the ancient world's main source of opals. There are many aboriginal dreamtime stories that feature opal. Australian opals discovered during the late 1800's found little favour with European markets but their commercial value increased in the 1900's and in 1932 Australia took over as the major producer of opals in the world and remains the largest producer to this day. Opal is found around the world (Brazil, Mexico, Honduras and the western US) however Australia produces 95% of the world's precious opal and it is our official national gemstone. Opal was first mined commercially at Listowel Downs in Queensland in 1875 and later at White Cliffs in NSW. Today, Coober Pedy (SA) is the main producer of white opal, though in recent years this field has expanded and all types of opals are found. Other centres in SA include Andamooka and Mintabe. Lightning Ridge (NSW) is renowned for black opal and formerly White Cliffs was a large producer of high quality opal. Boulder opals (opals in concretionary ironstone) are mined in Queensland from numerous localities in a zone extending from the Eulo and Cunnamulla district in the south and northwest for a distance of over 700 km to Kynuna in the north. The towns of Quilpie, Yowah and Winton are the main opal mining and wholesale centres. Opals are considered gemstones and have been used in jewellery for thousands of years.Throughout much of history, opals were actually believed to be good luck. The Romans thought that opals were one of the luckiest gemstones and a symbol of hope. In the Middle Ages, opals were believed to be bestowed with all the positive properties of coloured gemstones due to its rainbow-like play of colour. Finally, there is a superstition that you should not wear an opal unless it is your birthstone otherwise misfortune will befall you. This, of course, is far-fetched, but the notion could have been promoted in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries by diamond traders who were trying to increase sales of diamonds and deter people from buying opals. Possibly related to this is the thought that you should set opal jewellery with diamonds as their powers of good fortune will override any negativity held by the opal. The great majority of opal does not show play of colour and is called common opal or potch however this is not the case with a precious opal. Opal is a precious gemstone, like rubies, emeralds or diamonds. Opal is rare, and it is expensive to prospect and mine for.Silica is one of the most common minerals on the planet, but precious opal is very rare – far more rare than diamonds. Precious opal is rare because the natural processes that create it rarely occur.Most (at least 95%) of the opal found by miners is common opal without gem colour. In Australia we call it potch. It can be white, grey, black or amber coloured. Even when a miner finds gem-coloured opal, most of it can’t be cut into gemstones because it’s too thin, or sandy. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.It is not known where this opal originated, except that it is probably from Victoria, as it has been recorded from many localities in the State. Common Opal is formed from silica-rich water circulating through rocks near the Earth’s surface. It consists of minute spheres of silica arranged in different ways. In common opal, the spheres are of different sizes and randomly arranged, unlike in precious opal where the spheres are of similar size and uniformly arranged in three dimensions. These differences account for common opal generally being translucent to opaque and without the play of colours, or opalescence, displayed by precious opal. Common opal is found in many localities and different geological environments throughout Australia and the world. Precious opal requires special conditions to form and is much less common. Australia produces most to the world’s precious opal. burke museum, beechworth, indigo shire, beechworth museum, geological, geological specimen, precious opal, opal, brazil, mexico, honduras, queensland, coober pedy, gemstones, jewellery, play-of-colour, light blue

Named in 1845 by Wilhelm Karl von Haidinger cerussite takes its name from the Latin cerussa, meaning 'white lead'. When viewed under certain lighting conditions cerussite gives of fire and rainbow-like colours (due to its high dispersion) and it is quite sought after by geological collectors for this very reason. Cerussite is usually found in the oxidised zone of lead ore deposits. It is a very common weathering product of galena and other lead ore minerals. It is a secondary mineral, meaning it forms as a result of the alteration of pre-existing minerals in the Earth’s crust. The presence of lead in cerussite makes it potentially toxic. Historically, it has been an important source of lead, which has numerous industrial applications, including in batteries, construction materials, and radiation shielding. Cerussite has a crystal structure that belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system. Its crystal structure is characterized by a three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a repeating pattern. The crystal lattice of cerussite consists of interconnected lead (Pb) and carbonate (CO3) ions. This crystal structure is visible in the specimen. This specimen was found in Dundas (formerly Mount Dundas), a historical mining locality, mineral field and railway located on the western foothills of the West Coast Range in Western Tasmania. During the 1890s Dundas swelled in numbers however it is now lost in a temperate rainforest and its population is now 2. The present Dundas Extended mine, about 1.5 km east of Dundas is presently worked for specimen material.Faceted cerussite gems are considered rare and valuable, given the softness of the mineral. This item is not a faceted gem however its historical and scientific research potential give it significance; mined in an Australian township, this cerussite could shed light on the now lost history of Dundas and the mining that occurred there. Additionally, the uses of this mineral in historical industrial processes give it scientific significance. Such knowledge can add to understandings of the geographical and geological nature of Western Tasmania and allow for further study of Australian geological specimens. A small lead carbonite mineral with shades of cream, white and brown throughout, flaky shards of white at base. CERUSSITE / (lead carbonite) / Locality: Dundas, W. Tasmaniadundas, tasmania, cerussite, lead, orthorhombic, geology, minerals, mining

This photograph shows men working goldfields - possibly the battery mines at Club Terrace or near Bendoc? Clarkeville?This item is a pictorial record of the gold mining history of East Gippsland.A black / white postcard / photograph of a group of miners in the foreground with horses an wagons in the background on gold fields.gold-mining-east-gippsland

The A1 Gold Mine is located north of Woods Point, near Jamieson, in the Upper Goulburn region of Victoria. Gold was discovered at the A1 site in 1861 and mining operations began in 1864. The A1 Mine Settlement refers to a small township known variously as Castle Reef, Castle Point, and Raspberry Creek, which developed in the 1860s around mining industry centred on a crushing machine that worked the three gold reefs in the area. Historically, the name "A1"referred to the high quality of gold found in the quartz reefs at depths of at least two thousand feet. Along with the Morning Star mine at Woods Point, the A1 gold mine produced almost sixty percent of Victoria's gold output in the 1950s to 1970s and continued operating until 1992 when it went into administration. Operations at the site were revived in 2016 and the A1 Mine is now considered one of Victoria's premier gold mines. The A1 mine is part of the extensive and prospective Lachlan Fold Belt, a north-west trending belt of tightly folded Early Devonian sedimentary rocks extending from New South Wales to Victoria. Mineralisation is hosted within or immediately adjacent to diorite dykes. Contemporary development of the 'Queens Lode' at the A1 mine signals a move from high-grade, narrow vein airleg mining into larger scale, mechanical mining designed to increase ore production volume. This original, undated photograph of the A1 Mine appears to depict an area or phase of disuse or abandonment. The aged and humble appearance of the cottage suggests association with the historical A1 Mine Settlement, therefore the image may have been taken prior to the 1950s-1970s revival period in which the A1 mine is known to have produced high gold yields. The photograph contributes to our understanding of the A1 Gold Mine's impact on the landscape and the social, environmental impacts of mining on communities and may be compared with others in the Burke Museum's extensive collection of mining photographs to deepen our understanding of mining in the Jamieson area.Black and white rectangular photograph printed on photographic paperReverse: 5577 / A1 Mine / Near Jamieson / Vic. /burke museum, beechworth museum, beechworth, gold fields, gold rush, victorian gold rush, mining tunnels, gold ming history, colonial australia, australian gold rushes, mining technology, beechworth historic district, indigo gold trail, indigo shire, upper goulburn shire, jamieson, woods point-walhalla goldfield, a1 gold mine, victorian high country, modern mining methods, orogenic gold province, gold mineralisation, devonian, dykes

This image is a reproduction of an 1899 original depicting the 'Williams Good Luck Mine' on the Mopoke Reef (also called 'Morepork Gully') in the Dingle Ranges, approximately three miles from Beechworth. The foreground of the image is littered with piles of smashed rock and detritus, known as ‘mullock’, beside a reinforced mine shaft, a vertical access passageway allowing miners to enter the mine and haul ore out using lifting technology such as a poppet heads, whims or windlasses. A group of miners and a dog appear close to an open-sided miner’s hut. Following the discovery of gold at Beechworth in 1852, rushes quickly followed at surrounding creeks and gullies in the district. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, small syndicates of miners continued to work old or abandoned quartz reefs, often persisting without the assistance of heavy machinery to remove the large amounts of rock, in order to obtain yields at ever greater depths. The group of miners in this photograph are Mr. Roger Williams and Sons, who revived operations at the ‘Old Good Luck’ mine on the Mopoke Reef in the Dingle Range near Beechworth around 1892, working the site for more than two decades. An emigrant from Cornwall with experience in the tin mining industry, 19 year old Roger Williams senior sailed to New Zealand in 1840, then to Australia where he spent time in the Bendigo Gold Fields before settling in Beechworth in the early 1860s. Mr Williams senior worked on various mining activities in the district, including the Rocky Mountain Tunnel project. Conversant with the character of gold-bearing reefs in the area, the syndicate dug an eight hundred foot tunnel, digging down as far down as two hundred feet with little capital save their labour, to connect and provide better working access to the mass of reefs and veins in the vicinity. Progress was hampered by poor air quality charged with fumes from dynamite and large quantities of rock had to be crushed to obtain payable yields. The Victorian Goldfields are filled with ruins and remnants of the area's rich mining history, ranging from small alluvial diggings to the remains of huge mining companies. Site names often changed several times throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Some sites were abandoned and forgotten, others were worked continuously over many decades. The names of mines were often repeated at different locations throughout the Victorian Goldfields. For example, there is a Mopoke Gully heritage mine near Fryers Creek, Victoria. 'Mopoke' is a common onomatopoeic name for Morepork and Australian Boobook owls. This image has historical, social and research significance for patterns of emigration during of the Victorian Gold Rush, and the historical, social and environmental impacts of mining at Beechworth at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. As gold became scarce and government support and large company investment waned, poor hard-working miners laboured intensively to make a living through periods of high unemployment. This image can be compared and studied alongside other historical mining photographs and objects in the Burke Museum Collection. It has potential to improve our understanding of miners working conditions and the shifting character of mining in the Beechworth district. Black and white rectangular reproduction photograph printed on matte photographic paper.Obverse: Williams Good Luck Mine Beechworth / Roger! / Reverse: 6858 / burke museum, beechworth museum, beechworth, gold fields, gold rush, victorian gold rush, gold ming history, colonial australia, australian gold rushes, mining technology, beechworth historic district, indigo gold trail, migration, indigo shire, good luck gold mine, victorian goldfields, mining syndicates, gold fever, quartz-mining, small-scale mining, old good luck mine, mopoke gully, quartz reefs beechworth

Depicted in the photograph are ten miners standing at a cliff face using a high pressure hose, in Beechworth, Victoria. The miners are located in the Three Mile Creek division, in the Beechworth Mining District established January 4th 1858 under An Act for Amending the Laws Relating to the Goldfields by the Governor-in-Council. The Ovens Gold Rush began at Beechworth in February 1852 and was followed by Yackandandah and the 'Indigo Goldfield'. The strategies applied to mining in Beechworth were distinct in comparison to other goldfields in Victoria such as Bendigo and Ballarat. The miners in Beechworth utlised 'hydraulic sluicing' to remove washdirt, the long water races and deep tailraces constructed through solid rock with an estimated 900 miles of water races cut through the Beechworth fields by 1880, demonstrating great engineering feats. The photograph taken is significant as it is a visual representation of the mining strategy, 'hydraulic sluicing' that was particularly unique to the Beechworth mines, particularly in Victoria and an engineering feat.Black and white rectangular photograph printed on matte photographic paper, unmounted print.beechworth mining district, mining, three mile creek division, three mile creek

This image taken between 1920-1930 depicts open-cut hydraulic sluicing at the Three Mile Mine, located about five kilometres south of Beechworth. Alluvial, or surface, mining began on this site in the 1850s, but was soon replaced by hydraulic sluicing methods. By the start of 1880 it is estimated that nine hundred miles of water races had been cut though soil and rock in the Beechworth district. Hydraulic sluicing employs high pressure jets of water to blast away large areas of earth and wash it down to be run through a sluice box. Gold gets caught in the sluice and the remaining slurry is washed away. Large water quantities were required for hydraulic sluicing, and the long water races and deep tailraces that were constructed were considered great engineering feats. This method of mining is extremely effective, but causes significant environmental damage and impacts to waterways and agricultural operations. Miners at Beechworth built extensive networks of races and dams to secure reliable supplies of water on a scale far greater than elsewhere in Victoria. By the 1880s Beechworth's water barons continued to hold more than half of all the water right licences on issue and undertook sluicing operations on a massive scale. The manipulation of surface and ground water via race networks was well planned and recorded in detail by local mining surveyors. The maps that were created, combined with modern geo-spatial technologies, provide a vital key in understanding the great lengths to which miners went to capture and control critical water resources. Today, Three Mile mine is called Baarmutha. The Three Mile Mine was unproductive until 1865 when John Pund and three other miners secured a fifteen year license and constructed a water race from Upper Nine Mile Creek to Three Mile Creek. In the early twentieth century Pund & Co. averaged over one thousand ounces of gold per year from the mine. After Pund's death in 1915, GSG Amalgamated Co operated the site, continuing sluicing until 1950. This image of hydraulic sluicing methods shows the extent of water-works engineering in the landscape. This photograph has historic and research potential for understanding changes to the landscape, the evolution of mining methods, and the extensive construction, manipulation and management of water networks in the Beechworth district. Black and white rectangular photograph on matte paperReverse: 7597-1 / Sluice Mining / Copied from original on loan from Webb (Qld) / Donated Nov 2009 / Baarmutha Three Mile Mine c1920-1950 / Managed by the Plain Bros then Parkinsons / Current Location is: Beechworth Animal Shelter / used for Baarmuthaburke museum, beechworth museum, beechworth, gold fields, gold rush, victorian gold rush, hydraulic sluicing, spring creek, netwown falls, mining tunnels, water races, tailraces, gold ming history, colonial australia, australian gold rushes, mining technology, beechworth historic district, indigo gold trail, indigo shire, john pund, water manipulation, water engineering, three mile creek, three mile mine, water race, large-scale mining methods, historical mining construction, alluvial mining, mining environmental impacts, baarmutha, water barons

This photo shows the large mining cavity with a hydraulic sluicing machine in operation at Baarmutha Three Mile Mine, Beechworth . The Beechworth Mining District was one of six mining districts established by the Governor-in-Council on 4 January 1858 under the provisions of An Act for Amending the Laws Relating to the Goldfields (21 Vic no.32). The District was further divided into seven divisions: Spring Creek, Snake Valley, Three Mile Creek, Buckland, Woolshed, Yackandandah and Omeo. The boundaries of each of these divisions and of the whole district are described in the Governor-in-Council's proclamation printed in the Government Gazette, 5 January 1858, pages 3-5. Hydraulic mining is a form of mining that uses high-pressure jets of water to dislodge rock material or move sediment. In the placer mining of gold or tin, the resulting water-sediment slurry is directed through sluice boxes to remove the gold. It is also used in mining kaolin and coal.This photograph shows the impact the gold rush era had on Australia and the earth.A black and white rectangular photograph printed on photographic paperCopied from original on loan film (WEBB QLD) / Donated 2009 NOV/ Baarmutha Three Mile Mine c1920-1950/ Managed by John Weir Peter Jereen Jack Cox / Owned by Plain Bros then Parkinsons Sluicing.mining, gold fields, beechworth, gold rush, burke museum, photograph, mining cavity, hydraulic mining, hydraulic sluicing, baarmutha

This image shows an unknown location in the area of Beechworth that was possibly used as a sluicing mining site for gold during the Victorian Gold Rush. This era saw an influx of Chinese immigrants and Australian prospectors hoping to strike it rich on the fields. Many companies such as the Rocky Mountain Extended Gold Sluicing Company Ltd and the Cocks Pioneer Gold &Tin Sluicing Company also set up mines in the area. This site may be the location of one of these company's mines. The wooden logs are reminiscent of known sluicing operations in the era from that time. Sluicing involved the use of high-pressured hoses to clear away soil from earth that had been dug up by miners and was a popular method of excavation in the area, although it had severe impacts on the environment.The search for gold is ingrained into the history of Victoria and therefore, images like this one which portray an open cut sluicing site can reveal important information for society and technology for the date when the photograph was taken. This image is of important historical significance for its ability to convey information about sluicing and the methods used to find gold. It also shows a location where sluicing was undertook which provides insight into the impact of sluicing on the environment at a time when it was done.A colour rectangular photograph printed on glossy photographic paperReverse: 6855 /beechworth, gold rush, sluicing, mining

The photograph printed on this postcard comes from the collection of the Mitchell Library in Sydney. It is sepia in tone and depicts seven men standing and sitting around a mine shaft in the Beechworth region. The photograph has been dated to approximately 1872. This period in history post-dates the Victorian gold rushes which occurred 1852-1853 in Ballarat, Bendigo and Beechworth. During this period, in the 1870s, the surface alluvial gold had been discovered and removed from location. Therefore, in order to reach the deeper and less accessible alluvial gold, diggers began to dig shafts into the earth. These shafts sunk below the ground level by 20 to 30 feet and required timber structures around the entrance and winches to bring the paydirt to the top. The top of this wooden structure is visible behind the man standing in the upper right of the image. This type of mining was highly dangerous as mines often caved in which injured the minors and often resulted in death. Thus, following this period, in the early 1900s, miners opted instead for hydrolic slucing which cut away the earth without the devastating consequences of a mine cave in. This particular group of miners appear to have been unable to afford a horse (then worth around 50 pounds) which were generally used at mines like this to help pull buckets attached to ropes up and down the mine. Instead, this group brought the buckets up and down by windlass. The windlass was a wooden structure mounted over the mining shaft and fitted with a hand-cranked winch which enabled the bucket attached to the rope to be brought up and down.Gold was first discovered in Beechworth in Spring and Reid's Creek in the summer of 1852-1853. At its popularity, this region had approximately 8000 people on the gold fields searching for gold on the banks of these creeks. These periods did not require the use of heavy machinery or the digging of deep mining shafts like the one depicted in this image. Therefore, this image has important connotations for the technologies associated with mining during the approximated 1870s when gold was harder to access. This is a later period in gold history which does not fit into the "gold rush" period. Instead, it occurred after the surface gold had disappeared and therefore, is essential for researchers who are investigating the mining techniques and structures used to reach the alluvial gold which was located deeper under ground in the 1870s. This period predates the use of big heavy machinery used to mine in the 1900s which include dredges. Images such as this one can also impart essential information as to the wardrobe and fashion of men during this period. It also imparts knowledge about the landscape of Beechworth which is useful for people researching the environment and impact of gold mining in the north-east region of Victoria. In addition, since this image is a postcard reproduction of an early Australian image which may date to approximately 1990 it can impart knowledge as to the interests of people during this time period when there may have been an increase into Australian history.A sepia tone facsimile of an early Australian photograph (circa 1872) printed as a postcard.Obverse: BEECHWORTH / Victoria, Australia / Reverse: GM 2 3275 / CORRESPONDENCE / AUSTRALIAN / YESTERYEAR / CARDS / ADDRESS / Published by George Symons (057) 65 3240 / THE MINEHEAD C. 1872 / The easily gleaned gold of the early fields did / not last very long. In order to reach less / accessible alluvial gold diggers began sinking shafts as much as twenty to thirty feet down / and the mines required timbering and winches / to bring the paydirt to the top. / This syndicate has been unable to afford the / luxury of a horse (about 50 pounds) and so everything / must go up and down by windlass and rawhide / bucket. / Photo: Mitchell Library, Sydney / A sepia tone facsimile of / an early Australian photographmining album, gold mine, beechworth, burke museum, mine shaft, postcard, australian yesteryear cards, george symons, the minehead, gold fields, alluvial gold, early australia, c.1872, 1872, gold diggers, north east victoria

Heritage site report and gazetteer by David Bannear, head consultant for archealogy for the Department of Natural Resources and Environment. Includes information on the Warrandyte Goldfield and the Caledonia Goldfield, Queenstown (now known as St Andrews), One Tree Hill, Kingston (now known as Panton Hill), Kangaroo Grounds, You You Hill, Kingstown, South Morang, Nillumbik, (now known as Diamond Creek), Steele's Creek, Yarrambet and Kinglake. Photocopy of map headed: Location of mines and reefs from Geological survey of Victoria, Yan Yean with the Diamond Creek prominant on the map. no date35 page report with map and print out of cover letter (email form) from donorcaledonian gold fields, caledonina gold field, david bannear, gold mining, harry gilham collection, queenstown, st andrews, warrandyte goldfield

These mines were tethered to the sea bed and were detonated when a ship came into contact with the "Horns" that protruded from the mines exterior surface (removed in this example although the fixing points are clearly visible.) The mines were usually laid by ships or submarines in "Fields" across harbour entrances or in busy shipping lanes. They were tethered so that they floated several feet below the water. This type of mine carried enough exlposive to sink even the largest of ships. Floating mines typically have a mass of around 200 kg,including 80 kg of explosives e.g. TNT, Minol or Amatol.mines sea mines

A pictorial history of the heyday of the Walhalla-Wood's Point gold belt in the 1860's-1960'sHardcover. The cover is a gold colour. The front cover has a photograph of a group of miners in front of the entry to a mine. On the top entry timber piece is a sign saying "Old Mine". The beginning of the wording is obscured by one of the miners standing in front of the entry. There is also an old mining trolley standing on tracks which lead into the mine.There is also an old gold mining dish sitting on a rock to the left of the entry into the mine.On the back cover is a photograph of Walhalla in modern times as well as a photograph of the publisher of this book. There is also a blurb about the publisher.Stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society Inc / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779gold, gold fields, gold mining, a1 mine settlement, aberfeldy, beardmore, black river group, coopers creek, donnellys creek, enochs point, fulton creek, gaffneys creek, gooleys creek, jamieson, jordan valley, kevington, knockwood, matlock, ten mile, walhalla, wood's point, history, victoria

A history of the Donnelly's Creek gold mine in VictoriaPaperback. Front cover has a drawing depicting two horses carrying packs followed by a man mounted on a horse. There is also two men on foot following with packs and walking poles. They are walking along a forest track that has some tree stumps alongside it.The back cover has two colour photographs. The top one is of an old wooden building with what appears to be an attached lean to. Both of the buildings have stone chimneys. There is a group of people sitting and standing outside the main building. The bottom photograph appears to be the ruins of a building and a fence. There are three people viewing the ruins.The captions accompanying the photographs are: History revisited - O'Sullivans Old Toombon Hotel Recreated and Remnants of a Bygone Mining Era.Stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society Inc / P O Box 22 / Marysville 3779gold, gold miner, gold mining, gold field, gippsland, victoria, australia, history, fulton's creek, seaton, walhalla, aberfeldy, jericho, wood's point

Recollections by Richard Mackay of the early history of the Gippsland goldfieldsPaperback. Cover is green. Front cover has a sepia photograph of a drawing with the caption 'Walhalla in its heyday. Back cover has a photograph of an old building with a sign on it that says 'Copper Mine Hotel'. There is a man standing in front of the building. In the foreground is a four wheel drive vehicle.Stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society Inc / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779gold, gold fields, gold miner, gold mining, gold town, gippsland, victoria, australia, history, jamieson, sale, omeo, big river, wood's point, matlock, jericho, aberfeldy, donnelly's creek, walhalla

A history of the Baw Baw and Walhalla country of the Narracan Shire, VictoriaHardback. Brown dust cover. Photograph on front cover looks out from the entry of a mine onto the front of a building which has a hill to the side of it. The back cover has a photograph of the side of a hill with some trees on it.G&V THOMAS Stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society Inc / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779gold, gold field, gold miner, gold mining, gold town, walhalla, baw baw, gippsland, victoria, australia, history

A history of the Jamieson gold fieldPaperback. Black cover. Front cover has a photograph of a man gold panning with his dog in a river. In the background is an old wooden house.To the memory of my great grandfather Tom Allen,/ my grandfather Jim, Wray, my father Ben Lloyd and/ his uncle, Charlie Lloyd - all seekers of gold at the/ Ten Mile. Stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society Inc / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779 Stamp of the Marysville & District / Historical Society Inc.gold mines, gold mining, victoria, jamieson district, australia, history

A history of the Wood's Point and Jordan gold fieldsPaperback. Beige cover. Front cover has a black and white photograph of miners standing and sitting around a mine cart that is sitting on railway tracks at the entrance to a mine.Back cover has a cartoon drawing of a pack horse that has fallen down a cliff with his rider trying to pull him back up by his tail. Inside the cover is a drawn map entitled 'Map of the Mining District round Wood's point'.Stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society Inc / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779 gold, gold field, gold mining, gold town, wood's point, jordan goldfields, victoria, australia, history, r w christie

A history of the Wood's Point and Jordan gold fieldsPaperback. Beige cover. Front cover has a black and white photograph of miners standing and sitting around a mine cart that is sitting on railway tracks at the entrance to a mine.Back cover has a cartoon drawing of a pack horse that has fallen down a cliff with his rider trying to pull him back up by his tail. Inside the cover is a drawn map entitled 'Map of the Mining District round Wood's point'.Stamp of Marysville & District / Historical Society Inc / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779 gold, gold field, gold mining, gold town, wood's point, jordan goldfields, victoria, australia, history, r w christie

The British War Medal 1914-20 was iInstituted by King George V in 1919 to mark the end of World War I and record the service given. The qualification period was later extended to cover post-war mine clearance and service in Russia during 1919 and 1920. The British War Medal was awarded for service in a theatre of war between 5 August 1914 and 11 November 1918. Those eligible included members of women's organisations; persons on the staffs of military hospitals and members of recognised organisations who handled sick and wounded; and members of other duly recognised or other authorised organisations as specified in medal regulations. The qualification period was later extended to cover post-war mine clearance and service in Russia during 1919 and 1920. Lieut E. S. Holgate was mentioned in despatches for Gallantry in the Field 24/25 April 1918. He was killed in action at Villers-Bretonneux, 27 April, 1918. The British War Medal completes a trio of medals awarded to Lieut. E. S. Holgate, including the 1914-15 Star and the Victory Medal. The Holgate medals were the first war medals held by BCC archives. They have historical and social significance for the College.The British War Medal is round and made of cupro-nickel. It features the effigy of George V on the obverse. The reverse has an image of St George on horseback trampling underfoot the eagle shield of the Central Powers, and a skull and cross-bones, the emblems of death. Above this is the risen sun of victory. The British War Medal has a wide central watered stripe of orange, flanked by two narrow white stripes, which are in turn flanked by two black pin-stripes, further flanked by two outer stripes of purple. The colours have no particular significance. Impressed around edge are the recipient's details. Inscribed around outer edge of obverse: 'GEORGEIVS V BRITT. OMN:REX ET IND:IMP:' Impressed around edge of medal: 'LIEUT.E.S.HOLGATE. A.I.F.' Inscribed on the reverse '1914 1918'medal, 1918, world war 1, british war medal, w w 1, holgate, a i f, australian imperial force, holgate e s, holgate medal