This "mixing" bowl was used in a period before electric food processors and mixers were readily available(1940's). Basic food ingrediences requiring mixing such as cakes scones and bread had to be hand blended.This mixing bowl is very significant to the Kiewa Valley andrural regions because it details not only what kitchens, be they commercial, domestic or rural camp, required to be stocked with but also a period in time when electrical goods such as blenders were not on in production and electricity was not available.This bowl is made from steel and has a green enamel covering. The rim of the bowl has a black border to highlight its edge.nilmixing bowl, kitchen

This nut roll tin was used in a period before 1959(when plastic containers started being used). It was a period when "home" cooking(desert & cakes) was the only method of having cakes and other pastry dishes in rural areas. The utensils available for this home cooking had to be strong and reliable and low maintenance. This nut roll can is very significant(in rural Australia) because it highlights a period in time when the majority of cakes and other pastry dishes were cooked in the family kitchen and not purchased from a shop. This was a period of self sufficiency especially in semi remote rural areas such as the Kiewa Valley. This was a time when cooking utensils were either made in Australia or imported from England or Europe. After World War II imports from the USA increased significantly and then followed by cheaper products from Asia.This cylindrical nut loaf tin(mild steel) has a removable lid and base. There are three retaining hooks which stop the spring steel "main body" from being condensed beyond the circumference of both top and bottom "lids" The tin is pliable enough to "open" up and allow the baked nut loaf to be removed.On the outside edge of each lid "NUT LOAF" and the opposite side "TIN"baking tins, kitchen utensils, tins

This "outdoor" dinner plate was made in Hong Kong and is therefore dated well after World War II. It was imported from Hong Kong at the beginning of the start of the great Asian influx of cheap household/camping kitchen and dinner plates(1960's onward). It is also during the time before stronger and more resilient plastic "camper" goods. It was at the start of the city based outdoor campers Australian bush adventure holidays.This plate is very significant to the High Plains cattlemen of the Victorian Alpine Region. Because of its unbreakable and easy to clean qualities this type of plate and associate mugs where a necessity for overnight workers and campers in the upper Kiewa Valley and its high plains regions. The Kiewa Valley has small township centres and to survive in the Australian bush high country environment camp-side fires and meals required sturdy utensils and plates.This yellow enameled tin soup/salad/dinner plate has a green boarded rim and can hold a variety of different meals. This plate is sturdy enough for any outdoor activity and was used by campers and cattlemen.Stamped on the bottom base " made in Hong Kong 24 cm E MELLING CO LTD"enamel outdoor plates and mugs, camping kitchen utensils

This aluminium kettle was manufactured between 1940 to 1960's and replaced the heavier caste iron "open fire" stove ones (in doors or in the bush). A cast iron flat base between the open fires and the kettle was required. This kettle was used extensively with indoor open fire places. It was part of the evolution in "tea" making kettles. These were the only method of making hot beverages before introduction of electric kettles. For the Kiewa Valley the connection to the major electricity grid was post 1950's.This kettle is significant demonstrating the type of kitchen utensils required before electrical home connections became a reality. The aluminium structure of the kettle was an advancement over the heavier caste iron kettles. This type of kettle is still in use for bush and mountain hikers/climbers due to the light weight. This kettle was used by the Tawonga C.W.A. Branch. The C.W.A. motto "Honour our God, Loyalty to the throne, Service to the country, Through country women, For country women, By country women."This 99% aluminium hot plate kettle with lid (bakelite handle) is Australian made for flat stoves (cooking or room heating). It has a "tea style" spout and a bakelite hand grip(knob) on the top of the lid. The lid has nine ridges (for strength) radiating from the central hand grip. The two handle prongs are bop riveted onto the the body of the kettle. The bakelite hand grip has been fashioned to fit the natural contours of a clutching hand.On both sides of the aluminium handle "HOT PLATE WARE" and covering an oblique shaped triangle "99% PURE ALUMINIUM" and below that "MADE IN AUSTRALIA".Within the triangle "DURALIFE"cwa, homeware aluminium kitchen utensils, made in australia cook ware

This meat mincer was born in a period where hand operated mincing and blending machines were only available for household mincing meats and blending ingredients up to the 1960's. Electrical kitchen based whitegoods were rare in areas where the connection to electricity was intermittent or not at all.This kitchen aid is a very significant item in the Kiewa Valley before suitable electrically operated mincers became available and constant reliable electrical connections were installed. The Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme provide the stable supply of electricity which made most of the hand operated mincing machines obsolete. However large mincers for bulk supplies were still required eg. kitchens for SEC workers during the 50's and 60's.This heavy industrial type meat mincer(cast iron) has a top "rounded feeder cup" with a mincer screw blade at the bottom. A winder handle rotates the screw like mechanism to mince and express solid pieces of meat at the other end. There is a clamp below the main structure which permits the fastening of the hand driven mincer to a table or solid ledge. The hand grip of the handle is made from wood and fashioned like a clothes peg.On the rounded feeder bowl "MAJOR" and on the winder handle "A POPE PRODUCT"hand operated meat mincers, meat grinders, kitchen utensils

This bowl was probably used by migrant workers on the SEC Victoria Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme circa 1950's. Due to the uneven pattern it can be assumed that this bowl was a cheap imported one possibly from Asia.This bowl has historical significance as a cheap imported mixing bowl or soup/main meal dish that shows the influence of the migrant infusion into the Kiewa Valley, maybe in the "gold rush" era. This medium sized ceramic/porcelain bowl has a gold painted rim and fine blue hair pin patterns and flowers. The pattern has been poorly applied and the irregular top lines appear to indicate an unprofessional alignment. The exterior has a rippled formation which has not been extended to the top rim. bottom inscription too faded to readkitchen bowl, main rice dish, mixing bowl

This "camp fire" hot plate has been used from the early 1900's on camp drafts /droving cattle onto and from the Victorian high plains. The size of "camp" kitchens would depend on the amount of "cattle" men required to collect and move the "herd" to and from the "lush" high plains.This "camp fire" hot plate is significant because it was donated by a member of the Roper family (the Roper's of the Kiewa Valley) a "pioneer" family. This particular camp fire hot plate originated in Tasmania however the Victorian Alps are very similar to the Tasmanian mountain regions and this type of cooking utensil was, and still is, used in isolated regions e.g. large cattle properties in the Northern Territory. This Camp Fire hot plate was used on the High Plains at the Roper Hut for approximately 35 years.This open fire hot plate is made from caste iron. It has a circular flat (cooking) base, ideal for a few thick pieces of prime steak, a high semi circular handle with a large circular carry ring, to apply a thick stick or rod through it as an insulated handle (to position the hot plate where required over a fire). The "handle" can be folded down to save space when packing it in the saddle bags. The handle has a strong metal rivet on each end (is loose enough to allow it to be moved to either side e.g. flattened). One end, of the handle, has a movable sleeve to fasten the the handle in an upright positioncamp fire cooking utensils, hot plate, cast iron cooking appliance, drovers kitchen, cattlemen

This electric kettle/Jug is shaped in the style of the Art Deco period 1930's to 1950's (in Australia). It was at the beginning of the wave of creative kitchen ware to stimulate and impress visitors and uplift what used to be a boring kitchen environment.This "art deco" electric kettle is very significant to the Kiewa Valley because it highlight that rural families and areas where in step (fashion wise) to their city "cousins". In the mid 1900's "the fashion" in Australia was (on the whole) always some years behind that of England and Europe. The years after World war II reduced the time lag between the "advanced fashion" of Europe and England and came in step with the emerging modern American fashion. American "film stars" started have their fashion projected onto the silver screens.This electric Fowler ware is a ceramic hot water jug. Its shape is in the "Art Deco" style of the early 1920's.On base "240V - 1650W" below this "AC ONLY" below this "MODEL No. EEJ" "APP. No. N550" below this "JUG BODY BY" under this and in script style "FOWLER WARE" below this "1583"kitchen appliances, tea/coffee preparation, light refreshments, hospitality offerings, art deco styles in appliances

This type of cast iron kettle was used by pioneer families, mainly rural in the early 1900's upon open fires (log). It covered rural activities that needed a constant readily available source of boiling water, in or mainly outside the kitchen of homesteads. This kettle was used in the early to late 1900's for the refreshment of stock men and farmers that had irregular "tea" breaks under sometimes hard and gruelling conditions.This kettle belonged to and was used by a Kiewa Valley, pioneer family, the Roper Family. This kettle was moved from their Kiewa Valley property to their hut built on the Bogong High Plains. The Bogong High Plains area provided Kiewa Valley cattlemen a good supply of fodder to supplement their Kiewa Valley grazing areas. This "camp draft" activity , in the high plains, could take up to six weeks.This large cast iron modified camp pot (cauldron) has a long tap connection located at the bottom end. The "tap" is made from brass and has a simple elongated "bar" control swivel at the end to control the water flow. The tap suggests that only water was heated (to a constant boil) for the replenishment of cattlemen's, or other horse rider's, tea or coffee mugs. Refreshments at a "temporary" location on the Bogong High Plains. There was a "log" hut built by the Roper family as temporary accommodation for cattlemen and other family members.Ot the flat bottom "FIRST QUALITY 2 GALLONS"camp fire cooking utensils, hot plate, cast iron cooking appliance, drovers kitchen

This cast iron kitchen appliance was made in England in the early 1900's and shipped to the "colony" Australia. This was before World War II and the "growing up" of a colony to an independent member of "the British Commonwealth". It was a period when most appliances (be they household) where manufactured in England and shipped to Australian ports. It was not until the late 1960's that the Asian manufacturing giant woke up and started to dominate the market palce.This domestic kitchen appliance is very significant to the Kiewa Valley because it highlights the "made at home" period when food processing was made "in house" due to inability to source food from specialised shops e.g. the butcher or slaughter houses. It was a period before mass food processing factories were established and roads constructed up to the standard for distribution to semi remote regions such as Kiewa Valley was in the beginning of the 1900's.This cast iron (malleable iron) mincer for meat products has a large "funnel" to direct "chunks" of meat to the grinding "wheels". These "star" shaped wheels with "teeth" of three different cutting surfaces (fine, medium and coarse) provide for texture types of the final meat product. The meat is placed into the "loading" funnel and push downwards(gravity feed) through the mincing chamber and out through the front side. There is a long "screw worm" which is rotated by turning the handle. The appliance is table mounted by a vice "G" screw on clamp (hand operated). "BEATRICE No. 3" and "MADE IN ENGLAND", "P 3181"household cast iron appliances, food processors

Square cardboard box with a coloured illustrated lid with 'Tala' / Icing Set / How to Ice a cake. On one side of the box - 12 icing tubes in this set; Tala Icing set containing syringe, 12 tubes, turn table, icing book no. 1730, copyright design made in England. On the other 2 sides (opposite to each other.) Let all your kitchen ware be Tala - illustrated. Turning table is tin. 200mm outer stand, circle turntable 140 mm. Book: 'How to decorate a cake booklet' - 130 mm long x 195 mm wide and 5 mm thick; Pink plastic tray indented to hold metal cones 12 cones tubes each with different opening at the point. Icing syringe (nickel silver with brass collars). Plastic icing cone, Tala ware, Made in England 320 mm long, circumference 30 mm at point x 210 mm wideSee description.cooking, baking, icing, cakes, domestic, decorating

Food covers were used to cover food from insects.Metal pale yellow enamel food cover with black handle on top. Oval shape is slightly higher in the middle. The edges are a metal 'netting'. The top has a join line. The edge has a join line at each end. The base is curved with a metal piece around the edge to make it smooth (for safety).food, kitchen, domestic, storage, handmade item

Pottery jars were used to store dry goods such as tea, tobacco, flour etc. in the household. These jars usually had a cork stopper. Historical: History of Pottery available in the Kiewa Valley.Pottery storage jar made from red clay, fired and glazed. It has straight sides for 3 quarters of the way up from the base. It tapers to the opening which has a lip. It would have had a cork stopper.1G (meaning 1 gallon?) indented on the tapered part near the top.storage, pottery, kitchen, domestic

Household item used in the kitchen for mixing food. It belonged to Ron White.Ron White (1920 - 2019) worked for the SECV and was superintendent engineer of the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme after its completion. He lived in Mt Beauty and worked until he retired in 1985. See KVHS 1282 Mixmaster blender box made by Sunbeam, Australia Cat. No. AMB-O. It includes a rectangular glass container with a black bakelite lid. It fits onto a steel attachment and is held by 4 black bakelite stands. Second box consists of - Sunbeam / Meat Grinder / and / Food Chopper / Attachment / with Power Transfer Unit / for Sunbeam Mixmaster / Cat No. FC 6 / Made in Australia Attachments are boxed inside.kitchen appliance, blender, vitamiser, mixmaster sunbeam, ron white, meat grinder, food chopper

This glass was used in the kitchen when cooking and when the age of an egg was unknown. It is pre metric (1960s).Part of the Ron White Collection See KVHS 1282.Clear glass with white text , lines and numbers inscribed around it. Used to measure cups, ozs, quarter lbs, and 'age of eggs'. ron white, kitchenware

Hand operated . Made in 1880. A novel way of presenting an apple to eat with or without the skin. Used by a resident in the Kiewa Valley.Black metal apple peeler with clamp, winder, fork grip and peeler blade'Made by Goodfell Co./Antrim N. H. / USA' and 'White Mountain Apple' embossed along spine N = New H = Hampshireapple corer, apple peeler, kitchen utensil

Home decoration involved pots / saucepans / plates etc in the kitchen to be on display / stored and/or indoor plants displayed in a corner on the verandah. It was common for the stand to be home-made and practical.Used by a resident of the Kiewa Valley as a domestic kitchen storage stand or possibly for indoor plants.Tall wooden pot stand with 9 triangular shelves spaced along it and with hooks on 2 of the 3 edges. It has 3 wooden poles holding the shelves. The stand has previously been painted blue. Nine equilateral triangle shelves decreasing in size with height towards the top. Top has decorative cap with steel fringe. Rusty. It may have been used as a kitchen pot / saucepan / plates stand or pot plant stand.pot plants, indoor plants, home decoration, pot stand, kitchen storage

Used to sharpen and polish straight edged razors or knives or chisels.Used by a resident of the Kiewa Valley possibly on the farm, in the kitchen or at the barber's shop.A flexible double - layered leather strop. This is a hanging strop which has two hooks which enable the top to swivel so that it can be turned over while hanging from a hook or peg. It has a metal ring with two hooks at one end and a padded stitched handle at the other forming a knob.A gold circle design at one end. At the other "The / Keen Edge / Strop"leather strop, razor tool

This cookery book was printed in the early 1960s for the purpose of obtaining the necessary funds for the construction of the Mount Beauty swimming pool. The advertisements within this book covers local traders of this time frame, for example, the Bogong Hotel which is no longer operational. the culinary measurements are in Imperial measures(pounds and ounces). The book has sections for continental dishes and sweets (Australian flavour), special dishes for Lent, cakes (farmhouse fruit cake), jams, marmalades (home made), marrow and apple chutney. Some of these recipes are early 20th Century related and in the 2000s are not sought after. The food "take away" lifestyle has been responsible for the demise of a lot of the recipes in this book. The swing away from home grown produce has been not only a lifestyle change but also the faster pace of living in rural areas. The specialisation and redefined development of the local produce store (previously provided everything the rural shopper needed) was a forced move due to larger and cheaper city born fresh food supermarkets. Although there are still some local produce store within the region these will in time vanish. This cookery book was produced just after Mount Beauty was released from an SEC "closed" community in 1961(see KVHS 0134) and the town then had to fend for itself. This book was compiled and produced because the town needed a swimming pool (which possible would have been provided had the SEC still been responsible). The book demonstrates the strong rural psyche of rallying together for the good of all and united for something which would be of benefit to all. The period 1961 to the 1970s was one of great change for Mount Beauty. The SEC protective cage was a blessing for some but a goal for others. The independence that was gained after the SEC left provided for a drastic "make over" in regards to the facilities provided for the "locals" and that for the tourists. An increase in tourist related industries such as snow skiing in winter, hang gliding and gliding, mountain bike rallies, bush walking and horse riding, all of which have supply outlets in the town, has provided a more cosmopolitan atmosphere. These activities and the greater interaction with populations outside of the region has reduced the "hermit" type feel of the town psyche.This recipe book consists of eighty nine pages in black and white print. It contains black and white sketches, recipes of local domestic cooks and advertisements covering local traders. The cover is approximately 280 g/m2 in weight and the pages are at 90 g/m2 in weight. The cover has a design in the style of Abstract Expressionism (period 1950-1960s) of identifiable (clock,jug,fruit,window) and abstract objects in tints of blue and shades of black. This was designed by Cheryl Ryder of the Mount Beauty High School, under supervision of Mr I Baker (Art Teacher)On the foreword(page two and page three) "Mt. Beauty Souvenir Cookery Book First Edition" . This foreword was presented by Rosa Kinnear, President, Ladies' Auxiliary 2nd copy - no inscriptionrecipe, cooking, food, domestic, kitchen, local history, comfort food, pioneer cleaning methods

Prospects Training Restaurant on the ground floor of the Former Ballarat Junior Technical School Building.Prospects Training Restaurant on the ground floor of the Former Ballarat Junior Technical School Building.ballarat school of mines, time capsule, ballarat junior technical school, prospects training restaurant, classroom, commercial kitchen

Prospects Training Restaurant on the ground floor of the Former Ballarat Junior Technical School Building.Prospects Training Restaurant on the ground floor of the Former Ballarat Junior Technical School Building.ballarat school of mines, time capsule, ballarat junior technical school, prospects training restaurant, classroom, commercial kitchen

Prospects Training Restaurant on the ground floor of the Former Ballarat Junior Technical School Building.Prospects Training Restaurant on the ground floor of the Former Ballarat Junior Technical School Building.ballarat school of mines, time capsule, ballarat junior technical school, prospects training restaurant, classroom, commercial kitchen

Field Marshal Viscount Kitchener of Great Britain was invited by Prime Minister Deakin in 1909 to visit Australia and advise on the best way to provide Australia with a land defence. Kitchener’s report echoed the bill, introduced to Parliament in 1909 and supported by the Opposition Labor Party at its 1908 conference, to introduce compulsory military training in peace time (referred to as universal training). On 1 January 1911, the Commonwealth Defence Act 1911 (Cth) was passed as law and all males aged 12 to 26 were required to receive military training. Men were divided according to age, with junior cadets comprising boys 12-14 years of age, senior cadets comprising boys 14-18, and young men aged 18-26 assigned to the home militia defence. The support of schools was vital to the success of the scheme, since the system of cadet training began in the primary schools, with physical training prescribed by military authorities. Junior cadet training was entirely in the hands of school teachers, who had first been trained by military officers. This early training was less military in nature than focused on physical drill and sport. It also acted to inculcate boys with the notions of loyalty to country and empire. At this age, uniforms were not worn, although there were schools with pre-existing uniformed cadet units, who continued to do so. Senior Cadets were organised by Training Areas, administered by Area Officers. If a school had at least 60 senior cadets, they could form their own units. Unlike their junior counterparts, Senior Cadets were issued uniforms, a rifle, and learned the foundations necessary for service in any arm of the defence forces. Boys and men could be exempted from compulsory training if they lived more than five miles from the nearest training site, or were passed medically unfit. Those who failed to register for training were punished with fines or jail sentences, and the severity of this punishment generated some of the strongest opposition to the scheme. While institutions such as the political parties and most churches generally supported universal training, some in the broader labour movement were less enthusiastic, as evidenced in the Daily Herald newspaper’s editorials and letters. Universal military training persisted after the conclusion of World War 1, with the Junior Cadet scheme the first to go, in 1922. Senior cadets and service with the militia was suspended in November 1929. (http://guides.slsa.sa.gov.au/content.php?pid=575383&sid=4788359, accessed 29/10/2015) According to Neil Leckie, Manager of the Ballarat Ranger Military Museum: * Originally 12 – 14 year olds went to Junior Cadets attached to their school. * From age 14 – 17 they were Senior Cadets attached to the local militia unit. * After 1 July of the year a Cadet turned 18, the Cadet left the Senior Cadets and became a member of the Citizen Military Force. * In October 1918 the AIF, Militia and Cadets were renamed to give some connection to the AIF battalion raised in the area. Ballarat saw: 8th Australian Infantry Regiment comprising: * 8th Battalion AIF renamed 1st Battalion 8th Australian Infantry Regiment * 70th Infantry Militia renamed 2nd Battalion 8th Australian Infantry Regiment * 70th Infantry Cadets renamed 3rd B, 8th Australian Infantry. 39th Australian Infantry Regiment comprising: * 39th Battalion AIF renamed 1st Battalion 39th Australian Regiment * 71st Infantry Militia renamed 2nd Bn, 39th Australian Infantry Regiment * 71st Infantry Cadets renamed 3rd Bn, 39th Australian Infantry Regiment Prior to the reorganisation in 1918 the 18th Brigade was the 70th, 71st and 73rd Infantry. It is thought that the 18th Brigade Cadet units in 1920 were those that came from the old: * 69th Infantry (Geelong/Queenscliff) * 70th Infantry (Ballarat/Colac) * 71st Infantry (Ballarat West) * 72nd Infantry Warrnambool) * 73rd Infantry (NW Vic) The next name change came in 1921!Mounted sepia photograph of 21 young males. They are the Ballarat School of Mines Cadets on a training camp at Lake Learmonth. Back row left to right: Harold Wakeling; ? ; T. Wasley; H. Witter; H.V. Maddison (staff); Lieutenant S.J. Proctor, Joe ? ; ? ; B.C. Burrows. Centre left to right: Howard Beanland; ? ; F.N. Gibbs; H. Siemering; P. Riley; ? : E. Adamthwaite. Front row left to right: Albert E. Williams; Francis Davis (RAAF Dec.); A. Miller; W. Shattock; T. Rees From the Ballarat School of Mines Magazine, 1916 "Our Competition Team, 1916 At a parade, held on the 25th August competition teams were called from from the three colleges - Ballarat College, St Patrick's College, and the School of Mines. In each case, a large muster was obtained, twenty-nine volunteering fro the School of Mines. On account of the number in a team being limited to 21, some had to be weeded out. The team decided to have a camp at Learmonth in the vacation for the benefit of training for the coming competitions. The tents, within our baggage, were brought to the Junior Technical School at 10 a.m. on Monday, 11 September. Everything was carted to the station on a lorry, which was very kindly lent by Mr C. Burrow. ... Arriving at our camp, which was in the Park, we first raised the tents. This was done in record time. Three large tents, A.B.C., were pitched one behind the other. We also pitched a smaller one to act as a provisions tent. The provisions supplied by each cadet were placed in this tent. Dinner was ready by 3.30, and was prepared by the three senior non-coms., who also acted as orderlies. Things went alright Monday night, the two senior non-coms. acting as sentries for the first two hours. On Tuesday morning Reville sounded at 7. There was no need for it, however, as nearly all the cadets were up before daylight, owing to their beds being too hard. After physical exercises were gone through we had breakfast. We then had rifle exercises until Messrs A.W. Steane and F.N. King arrived. The former put the team through the table of physical exercises set down for competition work, many valuable points being obtained. The visitors remained for dinner, afterwards returning to Ballarat. Wednesday was uneventful, until the soldiers arrived at about 11 a.m., stopping at the park for lunch. As we handed over the coppers, etc., to them, our lunch was delayed. Two more visitors arrived after lunch, and after taking a few photos returned home. That night we had a "Sing-a-long" in C Tent until "Lights out" sounded at 9.30. After physical exercises ad breakfast on Thursday, we went for a six mile route march round the lake, doing skirmishing on the way. In the afternoon we practised rifle exercises and the march past. A concert was arranged for that night, the chief singers being cadets H. Siemering and W. Shattock. Supper was served at the end of the entertainment. On Friday, Reveille sounded at 6.30 instead of 7, and, as usual, we had physical exercises before breakfast, after which the team went through skirmishing at the reserve. In the afternoon, section drill and the march past were practised. Friday night, being our last night in camp, leave was granted until 10 p.m., "lights out" sounding at 11. Reveille sounded on Saturday at 4.30, the reason being that all kits, tents, etc., had to be packed away ready to catch the 8.15 train to Balalrat. At 7.30 we were all ready to leave for the station. We had a very enjoyable time in the train, each cadet having a chip in at the patriotic songs. On arriving at Ballarat, we found the lorry awaiting us. The luggage was carted to the Junior Technical School, the team following. The team were here dismissed, everyone feeling that he had had a very good time. F.G. Davis"Written in ink on front 'cadet camp at Lake Learmonth about 1916. Training for South Street Competitions. ballarat school of mines, cadets, ballarat school of mines cadets, lake learmonth, world war one, boomerang, camp, cadet camp, h.g. wakeling, harold wakeling, f.g. davis, albert w. steane, f.n. king, h. siermering, w. shattock, francis davis, harold wakeling, t. wasley, h. witter, h.v. maddison, s.j. proctor, b.c. burrows, howard beanland, f.n. gibbs, h. siemering, p. riley, e. adamthwaite, albert e. williams; francis davis, a. miller, w. shattock, t. rees, photography, foto, boxing gloves

The Boer War was fought from 1899 to 1901.Black and white printed photo montage of Officers who served in the South African Forces during the Boer War. Portraits are supplemented with views of: Modder River, Ladysmith, Railway Bridge of Tugela, 4.7 naval gun, Royal Horse Artillery, Johannesburg Fort, Howitzer Gun, Field Artillery. The poster produced as an advertising medium for Wills Tobacco and Cigarettes using the Transvaal Series of cards.boer war, south african war, armed services, lord roberts, weapons, alfred milner, cecil rhodes, w.p. schreiner, w. hely hutchinson, w.p. symons, general mildyard, a. hunter, holled smith, dick-cunnynghame, f. roberts, charles warren, brabazon, a.g. wauchope, kelly-kenny, hector mcdonald, baden-powell, lord methuen, f. carrington, n.g. lyttleton, f. howard, j.d.f. french, w.f. gatacre, h.s. rawlinson, eyre crabbe, alderson, kekewich, a. fitzroy hart, g. white, lord kitchener, lord dundonald, plumer, h.m.l. rundle, w.h. mackinnon, h.e. colville, f. forestier walker, r. clements, redvers buller, h. chermside, g. lyttelton

As well as his army positions, Kelly-Kenny was very interested in politics in his native County Clare. In the Second Anglo-Boer War he was , as a Lieutenant-General, General Officer Commanding the 6th Division of the South African field forces. He was twice mentioned in dispatches and received the Queen's South African Medal with four clasps. He was involved in the relief of Kimberley, the battles of Paardeberg, Poplar Grove and Driefontein. Lieutenant-General Kitchener was appointed commander and over-ruled Kelly-Kenny's plan to besiege Cronji and bombard his force from a safe distance. Kitchener ordered an assault on the Boer trenches. The result was "Bloody Sunday" - an unnecessary sacrifice of hundreds of lives on the British side. Kelly-Kenny was involved in the engagements at Poplar Grove and Driefontein where the 6th Division distinguished itself. These were viewed as key to destroying the Boer morale and winning the war. General Kelly-Kenny was a close friend of King Edward VII. Appointments made, at the insistence of the King, were often challenged. Due to his loyalty and abilities Kelly-Kenny was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath and received a knighthood in a private audience. Once again others tried to have him moved from the War Office but the King intervened again and he remained in his position. He was conferred with the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (1904), Grand Cross of the Red Eagle (1905 - Germany), Grand Cross of the Rising Sun (1906 - Japan) and on his return to Britain he received the Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (1906) Individual image taken from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.kell-kenny, county clare, lieutenant-general, kimberley, queen's south african medal, paardeberg, poplar grove, driefontein, kitchener, bloody sunday, cronji, boer war, trenches, knight commander of the order of the bath, war office, king, king edward vii, knight grand cross of the order of the bath, grand cross of the red eagle, grand cross of the rising sun, knight grand cross of the royal victorian order

For his achievements in the Battle of Omdurman and Sudan in 1898, Kitchener was made Lord Kitchener of Khartoum, becoming an Earl - qualifying peer of mid-rank. Kitchener was a senior British Army officer and colonial administrator who won notoriety for his campaigns, most especially his scorched earth policy against the Boers and his establishment of concentration camps during the Second Boer War. Awards he received include: Knight of the Order of the Garter; Knight of the Order of St Patrick; Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath; Member of the Order of Merit; Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India; Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George; Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire. Individual imagae take from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.battle of omdurman, sudan, kitchener, earl, scorched earth policy, boers, concentration camps, colonial administrator, knight of the order of st patrick, knight of the order of the garter, knight grand cross of the order of st michael and st george, knight grand cross of the order of the bath, member of the order of merit, knight grand commander of the order of the star of india, knight grand commander of the order of the indian empire

In 1870 MacDonald joined the Inverness-shire Highland Rifle Volunteers and in 1871 enlisted in the 92nd Gordon Highlanders. He rose rapidly through the noncommissioned ranks. His distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy during the Second Afghan War led to him being offered either a Victoria Cross or a commission with his regiment. He chose the latter. He served in the First Boer War and at the Battle of Majuba Hill made prisoner. At the Battle of Omdurman (1898), the British commander Lord Kitchener was assisted by the skillful manoeuvring of MacDonald and his men in overcoming the Dervishes. Due to this MacDonald was promoted to colonel, appointed an aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria and received a cash reward. In Scotland MacDonald was regarded the true hero of Omdurman, not Kitchener. In 1899 he was seconded to command a military district in India but with the outbreak of war in South Africa, he was ordered to command the Highland Brigade, under Lord Roberts and his Chief of Staff, Lord Kitchener. MacDonald arrived in Cape Town and assumed command of the Highland Brigade stationed at Modder River with rank of Major-general. He took part in the Battle of Paardeberg and later operations in Bloemfontein and Pretoria. In 1901 he was knighted as Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath In1902 he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of British Troops in Ceylon with the temporary rank of major-generalIndividual image taken from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.hector macdonald, highland rifle volunteers, gordon highlanders, noncommissioned, second afghan war, victoria cross, first boer war, battle of majuba hill, battle of omdurman, lord kitchener, lord roberts, aide-de-camp, queen victoria, dervishes, cape town, highland brigade, modder river, battle of paardeburg, bloemfontein, pretoria, knight commander of the order of the bath, commander-in-chief, ceylon

The fourth Battalion appears to be made up of Castlemaine and Bendigo Residents.Four magazine photographs. .1) Kitchen of the Fourth Battalion .2) Cadet Display at the Exhibition Ground, Jubilee Week, 1887 .3) 4th Battalion in Quarter Formation. .4) A group of Fourth Battalion officers, 1898 VersO - Certificate of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasiaarmed services, fourth battalion, cadets, voluntary regiment, kitchen, exhibition grounds, militia

Large laminated colour photograph of SMB students working in a kitchen smb, catering students, photography, hospitality, prospects