Basalt is a common igneous rock that composes most of the Earth's surface and can be found on the Moon and other rocky planets of the Solar System. It is generally composed minerals such as calcic plagioclase, clinopyroxene and iron ore which form grains that are indistinguishable to the naked eye. It can be dark grey or black in colouring and sometimes may contain holes left by gas bubbles. Most of the Earth's basalt was produced in environments such as oceanic divergent boundaries, oceanic hotspots, and mantle plumes and hotspots beneath continents. Basalt is commonly used in construction where it is crushed and used for multiple purposes such as concrete aggregate, road base, or railroad ballast. Thin slabs of basalt can also be cut and used for floor tiles, stone monuments, and building veneer. This particular specimen was excavated from Talbot in Victoria, which was a small gold mining town established in 1852. As basalt is a common rock, it is not specific to Talbot. However, this specimen can be assumed to be of the Cainozoic age due to previous geomorphic surveys of the area. This particular type of Basalt was used mainly for roads due to the durability of the rock.Basalt holds significance due to the continued use of the rock from historic until present times. The rock has been utilised for many types of construction and is still used for the same purposes today. Basalt also has significance to the Earth and other rocky planets of the Solar System as it makes up most of the planet's surface. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.A smaller than hand sized rock specimen which is dark grey in colour with small holes and white deposits across its surface.Geological survey / [illegible] /burke museum, beechworth, geological specimen, geology, basalt, basalt specemin, indigo shire, talbot, cainozoic, igneous rock

MR C.J. HARVEY WAS THE FIRST MANAGER OF THE "CLUNES MINE" P.GLU CO.IT COMMENCED OPERATIONS ON HILL ABOVE VICTORIA PARK IN 1913. MR. HARVEY MADE A DONATION OF A BEAUTIFUL MARBLE STATUETTE ENTITLED"TRAGEDY" TO CLUNES TOWN HALL. FEB. 1913PHOTOGRAPH OF MR. CHARLES HARVEY, THE FIRST MINE MANAGER AT CLUNES BLACK SUITED, WHITE BEARDED, WHITE HAIRED GENTLEMAN STANDING - OCCASIONAL TABLES, FRAMED MIRROR AND COLUMNS IN BACK GROUND. 2 COPIES OF THE SAME PHOTOGRAPH: .1 IS MOUNTED ON A BOARD - ON THE BOTTOM: MR. J. HARVEY - FIRST MANAGER OF PORT PHILLIP MINES .2 A SMALLER PHOTOGRAPH MOUNTED ON GREY CARDBOARDMR. C.J. HARVEY. SHIRE OF TALBOT AND CLUNES.local history, mining, charles harvey, c.j. harvey

COLOURED PHOTOGRAPH OF OPENING CLUNES COMMUNITY CENTRE BY COUNCILLAR ALAN BARTLET SHIRE PRESIDENT. TALBOT & CLUNES SHIRE. 29/4/1989local history, photography, photographs, events and celebrations, community centre

A COURSING MEETSEPIA PHOTOGRAPH MOUNTED ON TAN COLOURED MAT BOARD OF GROUP OF MEN. GREYHOUND DOGS - BUGGIES AND HORSES.On Reverse; Printed in black ink "Shire of Talbot & Clunes"local history, photography, photographs, coursing

PHOTOGRAPH ANGLICAN CHURH TEMPLETON AND BAILEY STREET, CLUNES. BUILT 1871 ST PAULS.SEPIA PHOTOGRAPH AND COPY OF SAME OF THE ANGLICAN CHURCH CLUNES - ORIGINAL. PICKET FENCE ALONG FOREFRONT OF BUILDINGHANDWRITTEN ON FRONT; CHURCH OF ENGLAND CLUNES. SHIRE OF TALBOT AND CLUNES.local history, photography, photographs, churches, st pauls anglican

COLLINS PLACE CLUNES OFFICIALLY OPENED NOV. 6 1988. FUNDED BY BICENTENNIAL GRANT. SHIRE OF TALBOT & CLUNES,CLUNES TOURIST DEVELOPMENT ASSOCATION. ALL VOLUNTARY LABOUR.local history, photography, photographs, collins place

RAILWAY LINES IN BACKGROUNDSEPIA PHOTOGRAPH OF A GROUP OF 9 MEN, ALL WEARING HATS - CHIMNEY STACK AND CLOTHES LINE AND PROP IN BACKGROUND. MACHINERY TO RIGHT OF PICTURE- SMALL DOG IN FOREGROUND.On Reverse:Church of England - Clunes (crossed out) St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic Church written in pencil. Stamped with Shire of Talbot and Clunes local history, photography, photographs, railway

PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN DURING PEACE CELEBRATIONS AT THE END OF WORLD WAR 1 - 1919.1 .2 ORIGINAL SEPIA POSTCARD PHOTOGRAPH, FRASER STREET, CLUNES, PEACE CELEBRATIONS, FLAGS, PEACE SIGN AND CROWDS IN 1919. .3 .4 SEPIA COPIES OF THE ABOVE PHOTOGRAPH PRINTED ON GLOSS PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER .5 BLACK AND WHITE ENLARGED COPY OF THE ABOVE PHOTOGRAPH PRINTED ON MATTE PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPERPHOTO BY C. WEICKHARDT CLUNES,FRASER STREET, NO. 1 PHOTO BYC. WEICKHARDT CLUNES CHS. SHIRE OF TALBOT & CLUNES. NO.1local history, photography, photographs, events and celebrations, peace 1919

PHOTOGRAPH OF FIRE BRIGADE VOLUNTEERS & BAND TAKEN IN FRASER STREET, CLUNES. SHOPS IN BACKGROUND- RED BOOT, L.HYMAN,SOUTH WARD &SUMPTION, GROCERS..1 TWO LARGE COPIES OF PHOTOGRAPH OF CLUNES VOLUNTEER FIRE BRIGADE ABOUT 1868 .2 SMALL COPIES OF .1 .3 SMALL ORIGINAL PHOTOGRAPH OF THE CLUNES FIRE BRIGADE IN FRONT OF SOUTHWARDS & SUMPTON, WHOLESALE FAMILY GROCERS, AND RED BOOT IN LOWER FRASER STREET.1 CLUNES VOLUNTEER FIRE BRIGADE. ABOUT 1868 .3 ON BACK CLUNES FIRE BRIGADE SHIRE OF TALBOT AND CLUNES VICTORIA AUSTRALIAlocal history, photography, photographs, shops, red boot shop, south ward & sumption wholesale family grocers., fire brigade

Small tag like piece of card buff coloured with printing on itSouvenir switching-on ceremony Talbot August 1938, in black printed above and below the seal of Shire of Talbot Councillors and Ratepayers seal (in red)talbot 1938, switching-on ceremony