These are samples of "cut nails", cut from sheets of steel and then a head flattened. The star/rose head, identifies them as Ewbank nails. These were first patented in 1869 and were cut with the grain of the steel running vertically down the nail. This made them particularly strong and they were probably the most common type used in Australia because the were particularly good for Australian hardwoods9 handmade nails with greenish colored square shape top raised in the centre. All nails are bent at the bottom and are 4.5cm - 5cm in length all showing signs of rust. Handmade Nails 18901890, handmade nails, antique tools

Steel spike. Square cross section on body of spike with domed head.No visible markingstrades, metalworking, nail, spike, steel, construction, woodwork.

Curved, wedge-shaped hammer head, with square nose and tapered, flattened tail. Made of steel?No visible markingstrades, tools, hammer, steel, nails, tool

An iron curved horseshoe with three square shaped holes on each side for nails to fasten to the bottom of the horse's hoof.horses, horse accessories, horseshoes

Three large rusted nails with a square headarchaeology, historic building, former royal mint

57 small unused rusted nails with rectangular heads. The square shaft narrows to a blunt tip. One nail is bent. archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Collections of 48 medium sized corroded nails with a square heads. Rectangular shaft narrows to a square shaft and blunt tip.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Large collections of 1258 corroded nails with rectangular heads. Square shaft narrows to a blunt tip.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Corroded nail that is square in shape from end to end.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Collection of 97 corroded nails with a rectangular head and square shaft that narrows to a blunt tip.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Collection of 198 corroded nails with rectangular heads and square shafts that narrow to a blunt tip.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Collection of 410 corroded nails with rectangular heads and square shafts that narrow to a blunt tip.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Collection of 106 corroded nails with small square heads and rectangular shafts that narrows to a blunt tip.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Corroded nail with a round head and rectangular shaft narrowing to a blunt tip.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Collection of 6 corroded nails with a rose head and a square shaft narrowing to a blunt tip.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Two corroded nails with a square shaft end to end.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Two corroded nails with a square shaft narrowing to a blunt tip. The wedge is joined to the upper section of the shaft.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Small corroded rod with square shaft end to endarchaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Corroded tack with square shaft narrowing to a blunt tip. archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Corroded rod with a square shaped shaft end to end.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Three corroded nails with a square shaped shaft narrowing to a blunt tiparchaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Square-shaped nut with a circular perforation measuring 1.3cm with interior grooves.archaeology, historic building, former royal mint

Wooden edged Writing Slates (x2). One slate with engraved parallel lines on both sides; other slate with parallel lines on one side and (part) square grid engraved on other side (for arithmetic?). Dovetailing of corners differs between both examples (one with nails - original??). Old (catalog?) numbers of U4 6841 and U4 6842.domestic equipment, writing equipment, slates

The wooden crate contains a set of patterns or moulds that were once used at Briggs’ Brass Foundry for making sand moulds. The traditional method of sand casting is over 2000 years old. It is part of a crafted process used to make brass and copper alloy goods suited to marine use; bells, boat hooks, cowls, propellers, handles, lids, rowlocks, hooks, letters, bolts, rail holders, brackets, deck plates, flanges, rudder guides, portholes and covers. Briggs’ Bronze is a copper-based alloy made from local ingots of copper, tin, zinc and lead in carefully measured quantities. The finished product is non-corrosive and can last indefinitely. The crate of patterns was donated by the Briggs family in the early years of Flagstaff Hill, along with other related items such as brassware, tools and machinery. The donated items were displayed in a simulated Brass Foundry in the Village. The items were on show from the completion of the building in 1986 until 1994 when the building was repurposed. The patterns represent the trades of foundering and metalwork, both supporting maritime industries such as shipwrights and boatbuilders. Farmers, manufacturers and other local industries also needed the castings made by foundries. The Brass Foundry display was one of the early ‘working craft’ shops at Flagstaff Hill. It included a historic Cornish chimney that was set up as a working model, telling the story of heat from furnaces to smelt metal, which would then be poured into the sand moulds. This chimney is made from specially curved bricks and is about two-thirds of its full height when originally located at the Grassmere Cheese factory. HISTORY of BRIGGS BRASS FOUNDRY: - The family business was founded in 1912 by Herbert Harrison Briggs (1963-1931) with his son George Edward Briggs, trading as Briggs & Son Foundry at 70 Wellington Street, Collingwood. Younger son Cyril Falkiner McKinnon Briggs joined the foundry in 1922, and it was renamed H H Briggs & Sons Foundry. Both sons ran the firm after Herbert’s death in 1931, making products mainly for marine purposes. They became Bell Founders in 1936 and were known for their specialty of high-quality ship bells. They produced miniature varieties of these and other decorative items such as small propellers. The firm became known as Briggs Marine Foundry. The great-granddaughter of Herbert Briggs inherited the Briggs Brass Bell, similar to the one at Flagstaff Hill. Cyril became the sole family member of the firm in 1965. The Briggs Marine was an exhibitor at the 1965 Boat Show, where he advertised as “non-ferrous founders” and “Bell Specialists”. The foundry relocated to Chesterville Rd, Moorabbin. Cyril passed away in 1967. It is thought that either Cyril or his business partner Frank Lee donated the objects from the Briggs’ Foundry around the time when the business moved to Moorabbin. However, Flagstaff Hill hadn’t been thought about until 1972. The donated items were registered in the Collection in 1986 but they could have been in storage from an earlier date. In October of that same year, Briggs Marine restored Schomberg Bell, a shipwreck artefact from the collection at Flagstaff Hill. Peter Oram, who had worked for the previous owners of Briggs Marine as a fitter and turner, took over the firm in 2014, reviving some of the old casts for current use. The business is now located at Seaford in Victoria and is part of Alliance Casting & Engineering Solutions (Alliance Casting Pty Ltd). In 2016 the original Collingwood Foundry building was repurposed as a thriving business hub named The Foundry. The crate and its patterns are significant for their association with brass foundries locally and generally in coastal areas of Victoria. Marine industries such as ship and boat building rely on good quality castings for their machinery, equipment and fittings. The patterns are associated with the long-running firm, Briggs Brass Foundry, that specialised in cast goods for the marine industry, ready to supply the needs for once-off or mass-produced items. Their products would have been fitted to sail and steam vessels along coastal Victoria including Warrnambool. Briggs Marine is also associated with the Schomberg Bell in Flagstaff Hill, restoring the bell to is former state to show an example of the bell from a luxury mid-19th century vessel. The craft of sand-casting from carved wooden patterns to create metal is an example of skills from the past that are still used today. Wooden rectangular crate with removable wooden lid. Inside is a set of wooden patterns of various shapes and sizes for making sand moulds in a metal foundry. The crate is made from thick wooden planks nailed together. The extended wooden struts on the long sides form a frame to hold the wooden lid. A pair of metal handles are at each short end of the crate, fixed with strong metal bolds. Between each pair of handles is an inscription stamped into the wood. The underside of the crate has red paint splashes. There are insect holes in the wood but no sign of current infestation. Stamped: "H.33 / II" (H may be N or a square B)flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, pattern, mould, foundry, brass foundry, metal foundry, crate, box, wooden container, briggs, traditional method, trade, sand cast, cast, brass alloy, copper alloy, marine equipment, marine tools, marine fittings, briggs' bronze, copper tin zinc lead, non-corrosive, briggs family, brassware, metalware, foundering, metalwork, maritime, casting, cornish chimney, curved bricks, grassmere cheese factory, 1912, herbert harrison briggs, h h briggs, george edward briggs, briggs & son foundry, collingwood, cyril falkiner mckinnon briggs, cyril briggs, h h briggs & sons foundry, bell founders, schomberg bell, alliance casting & engineering solutions, collingwood foundry, ship chandlers, marine products, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, briggs & son brass foundry, briggs marine, moorabbin