Carrie Lam, Hong Kong’s chief executive, had plenty of political support in the territory’s pro-Beijing legislature to pass a bill that would allow extraditions to mainland China. The legislators were set to begin discussing the bill in early June, and intended to vote on it just weeks later. A series of protests took place, and after a June 16 protest saw the largest turnout yet, Ms. Lam made a major concession: She postponed the bill, at least temporarily. It was an undeniable victory for the protesters — but it did little to quell the unrest. Since the bill could later be reintroduced, protesters felt they remained in danger. The police tactics to break up the demonstrations on June 12, including the use of more than 150 tear gas canisters to push protesters far away from the government office, created a new set of demands from the protesters. Now, instead of just calling for the withdrawal of the bill and Ms. Lam’s resignation, they said they wouldn’t be content unless there was an independent investigation of officers’ conduct. They also wanted the release of protesters arrested on June 12, and for the government to rescind its description of the demonstrations as a “riot,” a designation that carries legal significance. None of that has happened. Many analysts say Ms. Lam is unlikely to step down, nor would Beijing accept her resignation if she offered it. She has more wiggle room on the other demands, but has not indicated any willingness to budge. The Hong Kong Protests are a leaderless, digital movement.There is no single leader or group deciding on or steering the strategy, tactics and goals of the movement. Instead, protesters have used forums and messaging apps to decide next steps. Anyone can suggest a course of action, and others then vote on whether they support it. The most popular ideas rise to the top, and then people rally to make them happen. At its best, this structure has empowered many people to participate and have their voices heard. Protesters say it keeps them all safe by not allowing the government to target specific leaders. Their success in halting the extradition bill, which was shelved by the territory’s chief executive, speaks to the movement’s power. Despite the lack of a clear leader, protesters have shown extensive coordination at the demonstrations, having planned the specifics online beforehand. Supply stations are set up to distribute water, snacks, gloves, umbrellas and shields made of cardboard. Volunteer first aid workers wear brightly colored vests. People form assembly lines to pass supplies across long distances, with protesters communicating what they need through a series of predetermined hand signals. Anyone walking in dangerous areas without a helmet or a mask is quickly offered one. No individual can speak on behalf of the protesters, which makes negotiations difficult, if not impossible. (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/02/world/asia/hong-kong-protest-explained.html, accessed 07/07/2019) Hong Kong’s amended extradition law would allow the extradition of suspects to mainland China for the first time. Supporters say the amendments are key to ensuring the city does not become a criminal refuge, but critics worry Beijing will use the law to extradite political opponents and others to China where their legal protections cannot be guaranteed. The government claims the push to change the law, which would also apply to Taiwan and Macau, stems from the killing last year of a Hong Kong woman while she was in Taiwan with her boyfriend. Authorities in Taiwan suspect the woman’s boyfriend, who remains in Hong Kong, but cannot try him because no extradition agreement is in place. Under the amended law, those accused of offences punishable by seven years or more in prison could be extradited. The new legislation would give Hong Kong’s leader, known as the chief executive, authority to approve extradition requests, after review by the courts. Hong Kong’s legislature, the legislative council, would not have any oversight over the extradition process. Many Hong Kongers fear the proposed extradition law will be used by authorities to target political enemies. They worry the new legislation spells the end of the “one country, two systems” policy, eroding the civil rights enjoyed by Hong Kong residents since the handover of sovereignty from the UK to China in 1997. Many attending the protests on Sunday said they could not trust China as it had often used non-political crimes to target government critics, and said they also feared Hong Kong officials would not be able to reject Beijing’s requests. Legal professionals have also expressed concern over the rights of those sent across the border to be tried. The conviction rate in Chinese courts is as high as 99%. Arbitrary detentions, torture and denial of legal representation of one’s choosing are also common. Many in the protests on Sunday 09 June 2019 said they felt overwhelmed by a sense of helplessness in the face of mainland China’s increasing political, economic and cultural influence in Hong Kong. Hong Kong’s top political leader is not elected by ordinary voters but by a 1,200-strong election committee accountable to Beijing. Half of its legislature are chosen through indirect electoral systems that favour pro-Beijing figures. Many Hong Kongers also cited the jailing of leaders and activists from the 2014 Occupy Central movement– a 79-day mass civil disobedience movement – as well as the disqualification of young localist lawmakers as signs of the erosion of civil freedoms. Resentment towards China has been intensified by soaring property prices – with increasing numbers of mainland Chinese buying properties in the city – as well as the government’s “patriotic education” drive, and the large numbers of mainland tourists who flock to Hong Kong. Many Hong Kongers are also concerned about China’s growing control over the city’s news media, as they increasingly self-censor and follow Beijing’s tacit orders. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jun/10/what-are-the-hong-kong-protests-about-explainerPhotograph of a crowd on the streets of Hong Kong to protest against proposed extradition laws, heading towards Admiralty. carrie lam, hong kong protests, extraditions, protest, protestors, admiralty

McKinnon was a small community in East Brighton settled mainly by market gardeners but it had a State School, Churches, a hotel opened by Thomas Bent's father, Post Office and some shops. After WW1 land close to the railway line began to be sold and new homes and various shops were built. A Progress League was well supported and new hall built. McKinnon Rd Shopping precinct did not prosper as expected and some attribute this to the failure to secure the Hoyts picture theatre c 1925. Hoyts instead built the theatre in Centre Rd Bentleigh and this took a lot of trade away from the shops in McKinnon Rd.McKinnon was settled by market gardeners and after the train line arrived more houses and shops were built so that the small community developed through the 20thCBlack & White photograph showing the crowd of local residents celebrating the opening of the McKinnon Progress hall c1925mckinnon progress league, mckinnon railway station, ormond state school, hoyts picture theatres, centre road bentleigh, wyles jim, mckinnon hotel, gardeners arms hotel, bent james, smith j l; smith , chaff cutter, horse drawn carts, toll gates brighton, motor cars 1900, steam engines, early settlers, bentleigh, mckinnon, parish of moorabbin, city of moorabbin, county of bourke, moorabbin roads board, shire of moorabbin, henry dendy's special survey 1841, were j.b.; bent thomas, o'shannassy john, king richard, charman stephen, highett william, ormond francis, maynard dennis, market gardeners, vineyards, orchards

Photocopied photo of Pall Mall Bendigo pre cars era with crowds of people. The copy is quite faded.photograph, landscape

postcard: biplane flying over crowd of people. Women wearing long dresses, men suits and hats.aviation, civilian, biplane, basil watson collection. biplane

Black and white photo by W. Swift, showing aftermath of the 1920 Gasworks explosion. Crowds in Pickles Street.utilities - gas, built environment - industrial, gasworks, william swift, disaster - explosion

Slide. Bendigo Easter Fair. A clown riding his uni-cycle in front of the crowd, at the Easter fair.slide, bendigo, bendigo easter fair., bendigo easter fair.

Sepia photograph of a horse race meeting. The crowd is watching the horse race. Part of the grandstand is to the right of the photograph.Typed sticker: Sunbury Racing Club - Part of the 125 acres / recently purchased by council /for recreational purposes.sunbury racing club, horse racing, sports, council, recreation, george evans collection

BLACK AND WHITE PHOTOGRAPH FRASER STREET, CLUNES. CROWD WATCHING BACK TO CLUNES STREET PARADE 1982local history, photography, photographs, events and celebrations, back to clunes 1982

Crowd scene, with Girl Guides and Boy Scouts standing to the side of three flagpoles with flags at half mast.

Replica of 147.1 - in files.Black & white photograph, unframed but pasted to cardboard album page. Shows crowd scene and rail trucks.rutherglen railway station

Black and white photograph of Donald Lade receiving the senior athletic award in 1938 in front of a crowd of students

Colour photograph showing a portion of parade. Featuring chinese dragon costume. Crowds on either side of street.bendigo, entertainment, easter parade

Date made 16 December 1998Colour photograph of aluminium catarmaran Star Trek at launching with a crowd of people onboard,Lakes Entrance, Victoria. waterfront, boats and boating, launching

This photograph was taken on 6 April 1938 when the "Empress of Britain" and the German ocean liner Reliance visited Station Pier. (From Glen Stuart) Three funnel ship Reliance, 19980 gross tons, Hamburg America Line (ona cruise) at inner East Station Pier. Ship seen on right at outer West Station Pier, Empress of Britain, 42,348 gross tons. [This photo as well as 3354.01 - .05 and 3362 came to PMHPS from the Moe Historical Society via the St Kilda Historical Society. Notations in pencil on the back along the left had edge indicate they came from "C W Ward photo, 355 High St, Prahran, Melbourne". Each photo bears the date 9-12-1947 in the top left corner. It is not known what this date refers to. Possibly it is when the photo was printed. Another notation on each photo says "Port Melbourne, taken in 1920". This is definitely incorrect and "NOT" has been written underneath this comment.]Black and white photograph of German passenger liner "Reliance" and crowds at Station Pier from Centenary Bridge.C.W.Ward photo 335 High Street, Prahran, Melbournehamburg america line, reliance, transport - shipping, piers and wharves - station pier, empress of britain

Celebration held 19 July 1986Black and white photograph of crowd of people in grounds of primary school attending the Centenary Celebrations Johnsonville Victoriaschools, celebrations

Black and White photography of a crowd at a Pig-Roast Night for LEFC Tambo River, Keith Drevermann (in cap)clubs, sports, fundraising

Black and white photographWritten on rear of backing sheet: "Crowd at 'Back To' outside Civic Centre. Man with crutches is Cr. Peter Vergers, Mayor 1957 & 1963."

Depicts the original quadrangle building, decked out with celebratory flags. A large crowd listens to the dignitaries as the school is officially opened. The English flag can be seen in the crowd.2 copies: 1 copy of a black and white photograph of the original 1867 building mounted on board. 1 laminated copy of photograph. Accompanied by 2 captions. See also: 32.11 - original sepia photograph.Official opening of school from High Tide 1915. Caption 1 reads: In 1914 control passed to the education Department. Buildings were renovated and plans executed for two pre-fabricated buildings as a temporary measure. Caption 2 reads: In 1867 the Williamstown Borough Grammar Achool was situated on the corner of Pasco Street and Verdon Street Williamstown. Back of original sepia photograph: Official opening of the school 1921. (see photograph above.)williamstown high school, 1915, school opening

Yellow yearbook with red ink areal photograph of WTS students standing on the school oval in crowds that spell out WTS FLIGHT 87. One crowd member has a speech bubble reading GERONIMO! and along the bottom of the page is a textbox reading Wangaratta Technical School AlbumGERONIMO! WANGARATTA TECHNICAL SCHOOL ALBUM

Performers and crowds at Carols by CandlelightCol. photographs of transparenciesUncorrected proofs not to be reproducedcarols by candlelight

East beach with the summer crowdseast beach, crwod, sea, ocean

Ferries operating at Cowes.Small sepia photograph of the Cowes pier with several vessels and a large crowd of people walking on the pier towards the town.The Alvina and Genista at the Pier, Cowesphotographs, cowes pier, ferries, alvina ferry, ferry "genista"

The Ladies Harbour Light Guild was formed between 1905 and 1906. A popular activity hosted by the LHLG were picnics for annual Celebrations such as the festive season. There are a number of small similar photographs which suggest this outing may have been one of the first picnics held in 1905 at Brighton. Other popular spots were the Zoo and large gardens or the river up near Kew.Possibly this image was taken at the inaugural picnic in 1905 which was the first occasion hosted by the formal association of the LHLG. small sepia tone photograph with tear depicting large crowd of seafarers with women in Edwardian dress enjoying a picnic. small pencil marking on upper right: (indecipherable)lhlg, seafarers, picnic, seamen, ladies, ladies harbour lights guild, anne treverton goldsmith (nee lobb, seamen's mission, mission to seafarers, mission to seamen

Laying the Foundation Stone for the Central institute, Australian Wharf, 5 February 1907. This photo appears to depict the beginning of the event, before diginitaries have arrived, as there are not many spectators.A snapshot of the moment of inception of the Central Institute by the Yarra River. Small monochrome outdoor photograph, depicting the start of a gathering crowd, and some mounted police, at the site of the future MTSVcentral institute, foundation stone, 1907, siddeley street, australian wharf, police, horses

Official Opening of 2nd San Remo - Newhaven Bridge, 1969 by Hon. Porter, Minister of Public Works. From the Jack Jenner Collection.Large crowd, some seated, on road approach to New Bridge San Remo side, on day of Opening 1969.local history, photographs, civil engineering, bridges, phillip island bridge, black & white photograph, jack jenner collection, phillip island bridges, public construction

Displayed in History HouseBlack and white photograph of crowd of people next to a pier. Ships in background. Pin trees and horse and buggy in foreground.Back: Opeining new pier C 13.2.1902/The Australian Squadron/off depwater pier, Portland./Pier 3.200 ft long/ 120ft wide./ "Gulf of Siam" loading at pier./Donated by Grace Capmbell (pen)./8 May 1978 (stamp)