Saccharin is an artificial sweetener. The basic substance, benzoic sulfilimine, has effectively no food energy and is much sweeter than sucrose, but has a bitter or metallic aftertaste, especially at high concentrations. It is used to sweeten products such as drinks, candies, , medicines, and toothpaste. Saccharin derives its name from the word "saccharine", meaning of, relating to, or resembling sugar. The form used as an artificial sweetener is usually its sodium salt. Saccharin was produced first in 1878 by Constantin Fahlberg, a chemist working on coal tar derivatives in Ira Remsen's laboratory at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland USA. Although saccharin was commercialized not long after its discovery, it was not until sugar shortages during World War I that its use became widespread. A brown glass bottle with a plastic screw top containing 'Saccharin' tabletsFront label ; .... TABLETS / trademark ' R T & C ( entwined)' / Soluble / SACCHARIN / Half Grain / ROCKE TOMSETT & CO. / PTY LTD / MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS / MELBOURNEfahlberg constantin, remsen ira, john hopkins university, maryland, baltimore, america, nasau, south america, central america, sugar cane, pharmacy, medicines, saccharin, glassware, bottles, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, elbe, germany

[a,b] Two stapled typed Victorian Railway agreements between Cohns for reduced rate of merchandise [sugar] transportation from Melbourne to Bendigo. Dated 6th May 1946. Signed F Levy on behalf of Cohns. Handwritten ink caption 'Vic Railways, freights agreement dated 6th May 1946.bendigo, industry, cohn bros brewery

On August 23rd, 1949, S. S. TIME was on voyage from Sydney to Melbourne with a cargo of sugar (3,000 tons), timber, general cargo and coal, when she was wrecked on Corsair Rock, entrance of Port Philip Bay. Read more at wreck site: https://wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?57395The remnants of the Time remained as a landmark for over 10 years before a storm sent her remains to the bottom. http://home.vicnet.net.au/~maav/diary3.htmCaptain's desk from the SSW Timess tme, shipwrecks, salvage, furniture

The donor of this gift, Professor John Gibbs, has played an important role in the history of ANZCA as a board member of the first ANZCA Council. In the late 1980s Professor Gibbs was President of the New Zealand Society of Anaesthetists and in 2004 received the ANZCA medal for his major contributions to the status of anaesthesia. The muffineer set was presented in a custom made box bearing the manufacturer's mark 'Nanking Store', active in Shanghai, China from the late 19th century until early 20th century. Each item in the set is stamped with the makers mark and character of a rooster. It is unknown as to the symbolism of the rooster, however, it may have represented the Chinese year of the rooster. It is possible this is a Chinese export silver piece, as a result of increased export trade to the West in the early 20th century. Chinese export silver were made in foreign taste for export, in particular common items such as tea and coffee sets. A Muffineer is a small container with a pierced top for sprinkling sugar, salt, spice, or other powder. It gained its name from its early use for sprinkling sugar or salt on muffins and were part of the Victorian tableware. After the First World War and the change of life style, this was later referred to as sugar shakers.A sterling silver muffineer set of Queen Anne revival with tray. Muffiner set contains 3 silver shakers (muffineer), 6 silver condiment dishes on stand 3 with lid and handle, 10 small, rounded spoons, 10 blue, glass inserts for condiment dishes. The set comes with a custom made presentation box, lined with beige silk. The box proper is lined in dark blue velour with individual sections cut out to sit each set piece. Each piece is hallmarked except four spoons. Large heavy oval shaped silver tray with extended loop rope designed handle on either side decorated with a very ornate fern leaf pattern design etched into the entire base of the tray. [printed in gold lettering on beige fabric inside lid cover] Chinese name of manufacturer in Chinese characters / NANKING STORE / GOLD AND SILVER SMITHS / 444 SZECHUEN ROAD / SHANGHAI / markers mark and Chinese characters [hallmarks on condiments dishes] NKSTERLING / SILVER / character of rooster [hallmarks on muffineer] NANKING / SILVER / character of rooster [hallmarks on spoons - 6 only] NANKING / character of rooster [hallmarks on tray reverse] 19722 number scratched into surface.professor john gibbs, nanking store, chinese export silver, muffineer, sterling silver

This sugar spoon is from the wreck of the LOCH ARD, a Loch Line ship of 1,693 tons which sailed from Gravesend, London, on 2 March 1878 with 17 passengers and a crew of 36 under Captain George Gibbs. “The intention was to discharge cargo in Melbourne, before returning to London via the Horn with wool and wheat”. Instead, on 1 June 1878, after 90 days at sea, she struck the sandstone cliffs of Mutton Bird Island on the south west coast of Victoria, and sank with the loss of 52 lives and all her cargo. The manifest of the LOCH ARD listed an array of manufactured goods and bulk metals being exported to the Colony of Victoria, with a declared value of £53,700. (202 bills of lading show an actual invoice value of £68, 456, with insurance underwriting to £30,000 of all cargo). Included in the manifest is the item of “Tin hardware & cutlery £7,530”. This sugarspoon is one of 482 similar items of electro-plated cutlery from the LOCH ARD site, comprising spoons and forks of various sizes but all sharing the same general shape or design and metallic composition. 49 of these pieces display a legible makers’ mark — the initials “W” and “P” placed within a raised diamond outline, which is in turn contained within a sunken crown shape — identifying the manufacturer as William Page & Co of Birmingham. An electroplater’s makers’ marks, unlike sterling silver hallmarks, are not consistent identifiers of quality or date and place of manufacture. A similar line of five impressions was usually made to impress the consumer with an implication of industry standards, but what each one actually signified was not regulated and so they varied according to the whim of the individual foundry. In this case, the maker’s marks are often obscured by sedimentary accretion or removed by corrosion after a century of submersion in the ocean. However sufficient detail has survived to indicate that these samples of electro-plated cutlery probably originated from the same consignment in the LOCH ARD’s cargo. The generally common range of marks are drawn from 255 tea spoons, 125 dessert spoons, and 99 table forks. These marks are clearly visible in 66 instances, while the same sequence of general outlines, or depression shapes, is discernible in another 166 examples. Suggested trade names for William Page & Co’s particular blend of brass plating are ‘roman silver’ or ‘silverite’. This copper alloy polishes to a lustrous gold when new, discolouring to a murky grey with greenish hue when neglected. The LOCH ARD shipwreck is of State significance – Victorian Heritage Register S 417. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from LOCH ARD is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. It is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417). The collection is significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the LOCH ARD. The LOCH ARD collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The LOCH ARD collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The collection is also historically significant for its association with the LOCH ARD, which was one of the worst and best known shipwrecks in Victoria’s history. Unrestored sugar spoon from the wreck of the LOCH ARD. The spoon design has a flattened fiddle-back handle, with a thin stem or shank, flared collar, and a shallow rounded bowl. The spoons metallic composition is a thin layer of brass alloy which has partially corroded back to a nickel-silver base metal. Concretion on bowl and collar.Some 25% verdigris on spoon. Handle corroded and bent slightly. Perished rubber band attached. One of five makers marks on lower rear of spoon handle is legible - (2) Plain cross mounted on inverted triangle (religious motif).flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, electroplated cutlery, nickel silver, william page and co, birmingham brass plating, makers marks

1863 was the last steam locomotive built by Hudswell Clarke for the Colonial Sugar Refining Co (CSR). It was also the last steam locomotive imported Australia for use on the Queensland Cane fields It originally worked at the Victoria Mill at Ingham ,Queensland and was named "CORONATION" it was latter transferred to Macknade Mill where it was numbered "9"Historic - Industrial Narrow gauge Railway - Steam locomotive - CSR - Colonial Sugar Refining Co. - Victoria Mill, Ingham, Queensland, Australia Steam Locomotive - 2' gauge 0-6-0 tender locomotive made of iron, steel 1863coronation, puffing billy, no9, hudswell clarke, 1863, steam locomotive, victoria mill, csr - colonial sugar refining co.

Henry Berry was a British-born merchant who came to Melbourne in 1856 and established a successful business in salt and general goods. He later expanded into tea, flour, sugar and other commodities. He founded Henry Berry and Company (Australasia) Ltd1 which became one of the largest importers and distributors in Australia.Round tin container with purple and sliver coloured background, and purple writing. has round pull-off lidGlen Valley Tea glen valley, tea, tin container, henry berry

Soldier in WW1 Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force No 5998 Christopher Clark 59th Battalion Born in StawellChristopher was a WW1 Serviceman from Stawell who returned to Australia Framed Studio Portrait of Soldier No 5998 Christopher Clark Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force WW1,59th Battalion Christopher Clark was born in Stawell on 25th December 1892 and was brought up on the family farm in Callawdda and worked in the district and then in Queensland where he obtained an engine drivers licence and drove the sugar trains then worked on the steam boiler engines in the sugar mills. When the First World War started he came back to Stawell and enlisted in the army on 11/4/1916. He was sent to France in the 59th Battalion. He was in the army 1175 days, serving 1029 days abroad. During his service he was promoted to Lance Corporal. Details from his daughter Ruth Clark of Ararat December 2017.ww1, serviceman, soldiers, military, stawell

Soldier in WW1 Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force No 5998 Christopher Clark 59th Battalion Born in StawellChristopher was a WW1 Serviceman from Stawell Framed Certificate of Appreciation for Soldier No 5998 Christopher Clark Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force WW1, 59th Battalion Christopher Clark was born in Stawell on 25th December 1892 and was brought up on the family farm in Callawdda and worked in the district and then in Queensland where he obtained an engine drivers licence and drove the sugar trains then worked on the steam boiler engines in the sugar mills. When the First World War started he came back to Stawell and enlisted in the army on 11/4/1916. He was sent to France in the 59th Battalion. He was in the army 1175 days, serving 1029 days abroad. During his service he was promoted to Lance Corporal. Details from his daughter Ruth Clark of Ararat December 2017. Soldier No 5998 Christopher Clark Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force WW1 59th Battalion Born in Stawellww1, serviceman, soldiers, military, stawell

On August 23rd, 1949, S. S. TIME was on voyage from Sydney to Melbourne with a cargo of sugar (3,000 tons), timber, general cargo and coal, when she was wrecked on Corsair Rock, entrance of Port Philip Bay. The Australian Red Ensign is the official flag to be flown at sea by Australian registered merchant ships. The S.S. Time was a land mark vessel in Queenscliff and surrounding areas from August 23rd, 1949, when it was wrecked on Corsair Rock in the entrance of Port Philip Bay until the early 60s when it broke up in a storm. Australian Red Ensign from the salvage done on the wreck of the S.S.TimeSS Time hand written on calico edge of flagflag, red ensign, s.s.time, corsair rock, rip, port phillip

Bendigo Advertiser "The way we were" from Friday, January 21, 2005. Picnic: photographed enjoying a picnic at the Fosterville sugar Loaf are: back row - Don Aberin, Bill Gleeson, Gladys McCormick, Amy McCormick, Kelvin Sayle and Kevin Comer. Front row - Dorothy Gleeson and Bill McCormick. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

Purchased in 1958 in gift shop in Mentone where donor was livingCoffee Set produced by Johnson Bros England. Coffee pot & lid, with green fern decoration and yellow flowers. Lid - yellow - plain Milk jug - yellow - plain Sugar basin - cream with yellow flower decoration coffee cups x 6 coffee saucers x 6. A total of 16 items in the set.Johnson Bros Englanddomestic items, crockery

‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ was an exhibition that toured to 10 Australian and 11 New Zealand public galleries in 1979 and 1980. The touring exhibition comprised 221 objects of traditional Japanese packaging which extended from ceramics, wood and paper to woven fibre containers. At the conclusion of the tour, The Japan Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council donated the vast majority of the exhibition to the Ararat Gallery for its permanent collection. Combining the natural qualities of bamboo, paper and straw with delicate craftsmanship, these unique objects express Japanese aesthetics as applied through fibre crafts. In Japan, the qualities and traits of natural materials are exploited rather than hidden. The texture of straw, the septa of bamboo are not concealed but lovingly incorporated into the whole. In 1979 Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’ wrote: “In no way self-conscious or assertive, these wrappings have an artless and obedient air that greatly moves the modern viewer. They are whispered evidence of the Japanese ability to create beauty from the simplest products of nature. They also teach us that wisdom and feeling are especially important in packaging because these qualities, or the lack of them, are almost immediately apparent. What is the use of a package if it shows no feeling?” The descriptions of the featured objects were written by Hideyuki Oka, curator of ‘The Art of the Japanese Package’, 1979.Gift of the Japan-Australia Foundation and the Crafts Board of the Australia Council, 1981Sugar-coated walnuts from Ishikawa Prefecture are packed in small straw baskets and sold under the name of Chitose Kurumi, or Thousand-Year Walnuts. Both the confection and the container are traditional products of this prefecture. The basket copies the tego (hand baskets) used by farmers to carry unhulled rice and vegetables. - Professor Hideyuki Oka, curator.japanese art, japanese packaging, tsutsumi, gift giving

A pair of scales or dishes in which objects to be weighed and the weights / masses against which to weigh them are placed is an "Apparatus for weighing. The pan, or each of the pans, of a balance." These common kitchen / dairy scales would be used by the householder to weigh flour, sugar, cereal, vegetables, fruit, meats, butter, cheese etc. prior to cooking or storing . c1900 A set of steel weighing scales with a balance beam that holds 1 large metal dish for the item to be weighed and a smaller tray holding the weights. The object/ substance to be weighed is placed in 1 dish and the weights are added to the other dish until the two dishes balance equally on the beam. The base , balance beam and tray are decorated with a floral pattern Its parts include a fulcrum, a beam that balances on it, two pans at the ends of the beam to hold the materials to be weighed, and counter-balancing weights.Each weight is engraved with Imperial Measure = 2lb, 1lb, 6ozmarket gardeners, early settlers, fruit vegetables, farmers, cooking, recipes, scales, weights, measures, brass, balance beam, moorabbin, cheltenham, bentleigh, kitchen scales, dairy products, cereals, wheat flour, .

Fourteen piece doll's teaset. 5 cups (one odd); 6 saucers ; 1 cream jug; 1 sugar basin; 1 teapot. All are very light orange/bone colour + white with running rabbit. Teapot has two young men in a car hunting a rabbit. Odd cup has flowers in red and yellow.Underneath all pieces - Made in Japanteaset toys dolls-accessories porcelain

An orange butter scotch tin, yellow Pascall barley sugar tin both empty. A red hard cover book titled, 'Blackie's Science for Beginners - Agriculture.' London, Blackie & Son, Limited, 50 Ol.d Bailey, E.C. Glasgow and Dublin. Inside are the words 'Lydia Pethard NcCaskill St. Numurkah Sep. 26, 1901.lydia chancellor, collection, ephemera, tourism, tins, tin, travel, recreation, calendar, science, sciences, books, pets, animals, wales, united kingdom, agriculture, blackie's science for beginners series

Child's miniature white china tea set, with painted fairy sitting on a red toadstool holding a dandelion. 15 pieces comprise:- 1 teapot with lid and blue spout and handle, 1 milk jug with blue handle, 1 sugar bowl with no lid and blue handles, 4 plates and 7 saucers, all with blue trim on the rim.Superior Quality Made in Japan (in brown paint on the base).tea sets, toy tea sets

Seal and Cork Seal Liquid inside seems to have turned into a solid Green Bordered label with faded pink chilli's on the labelH.O.T Chilli Punch Bolling Mop Beer Co Absolutely Pure made from choices fruit juices and cane sugar Used with Hot or Cold water lemonade soda or spirts Invaluable for coughs, colds, spasms, cramps and influenza

Each soldier had one of these forms filled out on Discharge from the army. WW1 Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force Certificate of Discharge No 5998 Christopher Clark 59th Battalion Born in StawellChristopher was a WW1 Serviceman from Stawell WW1 Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force Certificate of Discharge of Soldier No 5998 Christopher Clark Australian Imperial Expeditionary Force WW1,59th Battalion Christopher Clark was born in Stawell on 25th December 1892 and was brought up on the family farm in Callawdda and worked in the district and then in Queensland where he obtained an engine drivers licence and drove the sugar trains then worked on the steam boiler engines in the sugar mills. When the First World War started he came back to Stawell and enlisted in the army on 11/4/1916. He was sent to France in the 59th Battalion. He was in the army 1175 days, serving 1029 days abroad. During his service he was promoted to Lance Corporal. Details from his daughter Ruth Clark of Ararat December 2017.Form is filled out for soldier Christopher Clarkww1, serviceman, soldiers, military, stawell

Groves McVitty were wholesale grocers, wine and spirit merchants, tea and coffee importers, manufacturers of Medallion brand foods. The company was located at 8-12 Market Street, Melbourne . Its own Medallion brand products included everyday staples such as shoe polish, flour, sugar, teas, cough syrup, furniture polish and Barnes brand honey.A clear glass bottle. It is tinted green.On bottom - letters 'G' & 'M' inside 'A' 15M - 6 8 Medallionbottle medallion

Originally written for children and family between 1998-2000. This book of memoirs provides a personal insight to the history of Maffra in the first half of the 20th century.A 296 pp spiral bound book with a green cover titled Like It Or lump It. It was written by Stan Hunt and tells of his and his family's experience of the 1939 fire in which he was caught as a child as well as the sugar beet industry in Maffra where he worked at as a teenager. The author describes carting the beet and working in the factory where they processed the beet.Inside front cover - autographed by Stan Huntmaffra-history-memoirs hunt-stan

This sugar spoon is from the wreck of the LOCH ARD, a Loch Line ship of 1,693 tons which sailed from Gravesend, London, on 2 March 1878 with 17 passengers and a crew of 36 under Captain George Gibbs. “The intention was to discharge cargo in Melbourne, before returning to London via the Horn with wool and wheat”. Instead, on 1 June 1878, after 90 days at sea, she struck the sandstone cliffs of Mutton Bird Island on the south west coast of Victoria, and sank with the loss of 52 lives and all her cargo. The manifest of the LOCH ARD listed an array of manufactured goods and bulk metals being exported to the Colony of Victoria, with a declared value of £53,700. (202 bills of lading show an actual invoice value of £68, 456, with insurance underwriting to £30,000 of all cargo). Included in the manifest is the item of “Tin hardware & cutlery £7,530”. This sugarspoon is one of 482 similar items of electro-plated cutlery from the LOCH ARD site, comprising spoons and forks of various sizes but all sharing the same general shape or design and metallic composition. 49 of these pieces display a legible makers’ mark — the initials “W” and “P” placed within a raised diamond outline, which is in turn contained within a sunken crown shape — identifying the manufacturer as William Page & Co of Birmingham. An electroplater’s makers’ marks, unlike sterling silver hallmarks, are not consistent identifiers of quality or date and place of manufacture. A similar line of five impressions was usually made to impress the consumer with an implication of industry standards, but what each one actually signified was not regulated and so they varied according to the whim of the individual foundry. In this case, the maker’s marks are often obscured by sedimentary accretion or removed by corrosion after a century of submersion in the ocean. However sufficient detail has survived to indicate that these samples of electro-plated cutlery probably originated from the same consignment in the LOCH ARD’s cargo. The generally common range of marks are drawn from 255 tea spoons, 125 dessert spoons, and 99 table forks. These marks are clearly visible in 66 instances, while the same sequence of general outlines, or depression shapes, is discernible in another 166 examples. Suggested trade names for William Page & Co’s particular blend of brass plating are ‘roman silver’ or ‘silverite’. This copper alloy polishes to a lustrous gold when new, discolouring to a murky grey with greenish hue when neglected. HISTORY OF THE LOCH ARD The LOCH ARD belonged to the famous Loch Line which sailed many ships from England to Australia. Built in Glasgow by Barclay, Curdle and Co. in 1873, the LOCH ARD was a three-masted square rigged iron sailing ship. The ship measured 262ft 7" (79.87m) in length, 38ft (11.58m) in width, 23ft (7m) in depth and had a gross tonnage of 1693 tons. The LOCH ARD's main mast measured a massive 150ft (45.7m) in height. LOCH ARD made three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its final voyage. LOCH ARD left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of Captain Gibbs, a newly married, 29 year old. She was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers and a load of cargo. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. On board were straw hats, umbrella, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionary, linen and candles, as well as a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead and copper. There were items included that intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. The voyage to Port Phillip was long but uneventful. At 3am on June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs was expecting to see land and the passengers were becoming excited as they prepared to view their new homeland in the early morning. But LOCH ARD was running into a fog which greatly reduced visibility. Captain Gibbs was becoming anxious as there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. At 4am the fog lifted. A man aloft announced that he could see breakers. The sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast came into view, and Captain Gibbs realised that the ship was much closer to them than expected. He ordered as much sail to be set as time would permit and then attempted to steer the vessel out to sea. On coming head on into the wind, the ship lost momentum, the sails fell limp and LOCH ARD's bow swung back. Gibbs then ordered the anchors to be released in an attempt to hold its position. The anchors sank some 50 fathoms - but did not hold. By this time LOCH ARD was among the breakers and the tall cliffs of Mutton Bird Island rose behind the ship. Just half a mile from the coast, the ship's bow was suddenly pulled around by the anchor. The captain tried to tack out to sea, but the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. Waves broke over the ship and the top deck was loosened from the hull. The masts and rigging came crashing down knocking passengers and crew overboard. When a lifeboat was finally launched, it crashed into the side of LOCH ARD and capsized. Tom Pearce, who had launched the boat, managed to cling to its overturned hull and shelter beneath it. He drifted out to sea and then on the flood tide came into what is now known as LOCH ARD Gorge. He swam to shore, bruised and dazed, and found a cave in which to shelter. Some of the crew stayed below deck to shelter from the falling rigging but drowned when the ship slipped off the reef into deeper water. Eva Carmichael had raced onto deck to find out what was happening only to be confronted by towering cliffs looming above the stricken ship. In all the chaos, Captain Gibbs grabbed Eva and said, "If you are saved Eva, let my dear wife know that I died like a sailor". That was the last Eva Carmichael saw of the captain. She was swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He dived in and swam to the exhausted woman and dragged her to shore. He took her to the cave and broke open case of brandy which had washed up on the beach. He opened a bottle to revive the unconscious woman. A few hours later Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He followed hoof prints and came by chance upon two men from nearby Glenample Station three and a half miles away. In a state of exhaustion, he told the men of the tragedy. Tom returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. By the time they reached LOCH ARD Gorge, it was cold and dark. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland, this time by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. He was presented with the first gold medal of the Royal Humane Society of Victoria and a £1000 cheque from the Victorian Government. Concerts were performed to honour the young man's bravery and to raise money for those who lost family in the LOCH ARD disaster. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost all of her family in the tragedy. Ten days after the LOCH ARD tragedy, salvage rights to the wreck were sold at auction for £2,120. Cargo valued at £3,000 was salvaged and placed on the beach, but most washed back into the sea when another storm developed. The wreck of LOCH ARD still lies at the base of Mutton Bird Island. Much of the cargo has now been salvaged and some was washed up into what is now known as LOCH ARD Gorge. Cargo and artefacts have also been illegally salvaged over many years before protective legislation was introduced. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton porcelain peacock - one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today, the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artefact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register. The LOCH ARD shipwreck is of State significance – Victorian Heritage Register S 417. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from LOCH ARD is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. It is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417). The collection is significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the LOCH ARD. The LOCH ARD collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The LOCH ARD collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The collection is also historically significant for its association with the LOCH ARD, which was one of the worst and best known shipwrecks in Victoria’s history. Unrestored sugar spoon from the wreck of the LOCH ARD. The spoon design has a flattened fiddle-back handle, with a thin stem or shank, flared collar, and a shallow rounded bowl. The spoons metallic composition is a thin layer of brass alloy which has partially corroded back to a nickel-silver base metal. Bowl edges are cracked and worn. Pieces of resin and leather are adhered to stem. Small amount of concretion. No visible makers marks.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, electroplated cutlery, loch ard shipwreck, nickel silver, william page and co, birmingham brass plating, makers marks

Mac's Shortbread Co dates its history back to a family bakery in Abbotsford opened in the 1860's producing bread for the goldfields. This eventually became McAlpine's Flour. This business was sold in 1960 and the family then purchased a cake shop, leading to building a biscuit factory. (This is thought to have been the Surrey Hills site). The company outgrew this and moved to 5 Tate Drive, Kerang. (Further research required.) Australia adopted metric units of measurement in July 1974, so this object was manufactured after 1974.This tin is material evidence of the small area of industrial activities that once existed in Surrey Hills.A cylindrical tin with a silvered interior and the outside finished in a white enamel paint, on which there is a geometric design incorporating a butterfly.On a label incorporated in the design: "Mac's / MAC'S SHORTBREAD CO. 1 NORFOLK RD./ SURREY HILLS, VIC. AUST. 3127 - 8360333 / BUTTER / SHORTBREAD / INGREDIENTS: WHEAT FLOUR, CHOICE BUTTER, / SUGAR, EVAPORATED MILK, BAKING POWDER / 300 g NET"bakeries, surrey hills, mac's shortbread, norfolk road