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Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Instruction, Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "RC1 and RC2 Control Unit boxes Maintenance - electrical mechanic's procedure", May. 1970
Three page photocopy of MMTB May 1970 document titled "RC1 and RC2 Control Unit boxes Maintenance - electrical mechanic's procedure" for the rostered day-in service of Remote Control Relay boxes fitted to Melbourne trams. Provides the instructions for inspection and replacement of parts if needed. trams, tramways, tramcars, controllers, general electric, english electric -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - GOLDEN SQUARE P.S. LAUREL ST. 1189 COLLECTION: PHOTO
Two photographs ( copies ) Top image shows Grade 3-4, May 1st. 1868. Three rows of students, male teacher on RH side. Bottom image shows Grade 1C, 1961, four rows of students. Female teacher on back LH side.bendigo, education, golden square school -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Booklet - JOHN HONES COLLECTION: PROGRAM FOR THE OPENING OF THE FIRST PARLIAMENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA FROM 6TH TO 16TH MAY 1901
Program for Celebrations for the opening of the First Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia, from 6th to 16th May 1901 opening during the visit of their Royal Highnesses of the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York 48 page program, printed in sepia ink includes photographs, maps and portraits of parliamentary officials -
Tennis Australia
Page from Magazine, 1887
A triple foldout page from magazine 'La Moda Elegante Illustrada' issue 22 May 1887. Colour lithograph features fashions modelled by 12 female figures standing on a tennis court, some holding racquets. Materials: Ink, Cardboard, Glass, Paper, Metaltennis -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Photograph - Alma Figuerola, c.1965
The Melbourne artist Alma Agnes Marion Figuerola, was the daughter of Juan Pedro Narciso Figuerola (1869-1919) and Alice Lucinda Walker Hanson (1889-1969). Each of their three daughters grew up to be involved in the arts: Alma as a painter; Carmen Irene (1906-1993) as a short story writer, poet and teacher of dancing; and Sylvia (also Silvia) Lyla Alice (1911-1992) as a composer and cellist. The first art lessons Alma Figuerola received were with Oscar Binder. Later she attended the art school established by the Melbourne 'tonalist' [Duncan] Max Meldrum (1875-1955). She graduated from his school in 1920, participating in her first group exhibition in the same year. Solo exhibitions of her work were to be held in 1933 at the Meldrum Gallery in Elizabeth Street, in 1937 and 1945 at the Athenaeum Gallery at 188 Collins Street, and in 1951 at Georges Gallery in Collins Street. Throughout her extensive career she participated in group exhibitions, usually with artists of the Meldrum School, and as a member of the Twenty Melbourne Painters, of which she was invited to become an associate in 1935. In 1953, her portrait of Professor ES Hills was entered in the Archibald Prize Competition of the Art Gallery of New South Wales. A resident of Kew from the 1930s - 51 Studley Park Road, often with her mother, her sister Carmen, or both - from c.1942 until her death she lived at 'D’Estaville', 7 Barry Street. From the late 1930s she is recorded as actively contributing to the arts at a local level. In 1939 and 1940 she participated in art exhibitions at the Hawthorn Municipal Library organised by Jessie Carbines. From 1944 to 1951 she co-organised successive Kew Arts Festivals, initially in the Presbyterian Church Hall in Highbury Grove and later at the Recreation Hall in Wellington Street. A foundation member of the Kew Historical Society in 1958, Alma Figuerola remained an active member of the Society until her death on 8 December 1970. She predeceased her two sisters who both died in the 1990s and who are buried at Andersons' Creek Cemetery in Warrandyte.Part of a photographic series which is historically and aesthetically significant. The photographs record the interiors and exteriors of D'Estaville, an historic Kew mansion in the 1960s, and also its owner, Alma Figuerola, a pupil of Max Meldrum, and a notable Melbourne artist who lived in Kew.Alma Figuerola. A posed portrait of the artist Alma Figuerola. Figuerola lived in D'Estaville, Barry Street, Kew. This is a magazine photograph and may still be covered by copyright. Alma Figuerola was a foundation member of the Kew Historical Society. She died in December 1970, so the photograph predates this. A stamp on the back identifies the publisher as Woman's Day No. 570.australian artists, d'estaville -- 7 barry street -- kew (vic), alma figuerola -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Programme - Opera Programme, Shipping Newspapers, 'Martha' / by Flotow, 1963
The "Q" Theatre Guild grew out of and amalgamated the Kew Light Opera Company in 1957. Productions were initially held in the Kew Recreation Hall and subsequently in the Kew Civic Hall. The Company would appear to have run until the mid-1960s. Arthur Henry Dear was an employee of the City of Kew, acting as Hall Keeper of the Kew Recreation Hall in Wellington Street, and later the new Kew City Hall in Cotham Road. The Arthur Dear Collection contains memorabilia - tickets, programmes, invitations - as well as his identification badge. Items in the collection dates from the 1940s to the 1960s. The Kew Recreation Hall (Wellington Street) and later the Kew City Hall (Cotham Road) were major locations in suburban Melbourne in the postwar period for civic and private events including theatre productions and exhibitions. The Arthur Dear Collection (in conjunction with the scrapbooks compiled by Marion Tilley) provide a comprehensive snapshot of performing arts in Kew during the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. The collection includes valuable data about performances, performers, directors etc., during this period. Theatrical programme. "Q" Theatre Guild presents Martha by Flotow. Produced by Beatrice Oakley, Kew City Hall, Cotham Road, Kew Commencing Wed., May 8 [1963] for 4 nights. 16pp. Includes title page, cast list, some profiles, and advertisements.arthur dear collection, performing arts -- kew -- victoria, kew civic hall -- cotham road, city of kew, theatre memorabilia -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Badge - Fundraising Button, Hospital Day 1919, 1919
Frances Rigg was a local business identity in Kew, at one stage managing the local branch of the English, Scottish and Australian (ES&A) Bank at 175 High Street from c. 1920 until the 1940s. After Francis Rigg’s death, the collection of buttons and medallions was inherited by his son, Ken Rigg (1922-2014). The collection was subsequently donated to the Kew Historical Society in 2015 by Francis' grandson, Adrian Rigg, at the time of the Gallipoli & Beyond Commemoration in 2015. The collection covers a period of almost 40 years. The majority of the buttons are patriotic buttons, issued and sold during and immediately after the First World World War (1914-1918) to raise funds for national and overseas causes. The collection also includes a number of locally significant sporting event buttons and sporting club medallions, issued in the 1920s and 1930s.Patriotic and other pressed tin buttons and badges were produced in large numbers in the first decades of the twentieth century. By nature, insubstantial and ephemeral, they have not always survived. The collections of badges, buttons and medallions in the Kew Historical Society collection is homogenous and yet diverse, ranging from buttons sold to raise funds for the war efforts in 1914-18 and 1939-45, to those used at festivals and sporting events. Because of the manufacturing process, many surviving buttons and badges have been affected by inadequate storage, suffering from oxidisation and physical damage. These survivors are now historically and socially significant artefacts, revealing much about the attitudes and values of the period in which they were produced. Their widespread distribution means that they are frequently significant at a local, state, national and international level.Australian fundraising button for ‘Hospital Day’ in 1919. ‘Hospital Day’ buttons may have been used to raise funds for veterans in military hospitals. The slogan is written in black on a seven pointed star bordered in red. The star sits on a dark blue ground with sprays of wattle."Hospital Day / 1919"hospital day, fundraising buttons, badges -
Canterbury History Group
Ephemera - 5 Scott Street Canterbury, 2001
Real estate advertisement for the sale by auction of 5 Scott Street Canterbury on Saturday 26 May 2001. Includes a coloured photograph of the exterior of the house and Maling Road, and a floor and site plan. A note on the flyer by Robin Kelly reports that the property was sold for $486, 500 in 2001canterbury, scott street, theatre place, maling road -
Canterbury History Group
Ephemera - Inspirational harmony, [2002]
Real estate advertisement for the sale by auction of 2a Golding Street Canterbury on Saturday 8 May [2002]. Includes coloured photographs of the interior and exterior of the house and floor and site plans. Flyer has sold sticker and Robin Kelly has noterd the price as $795, 000.canterbury, golding street -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Photograph - Fred Rochow Railways Collection - Signal Box B, Wodonga Station, Before 1964
The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport.Signal Box B was located on the south-east side of the High Street level crossing and controlled the High Street gates. A big wheel was used to operate the gates. The Signal Box B was demolished on May 10th, 1964, when the standard gauge line to Albury was completed. On front of building "WODONGA B"railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga signal box b -
Linton and District Historical Society Inc
Diary, Diary, John Clarke, 1919
Photocopied sheets of original diary entries. Photocopies have been bound with blue cardboard covers held together by two-part folding paper clip. Entries in the diary record farm-related activities and events on the Clarke property at Piggoreet, between January and May 1919.john clarke, diaries, piggoreet -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Gibbons, Denis, Hand Over Report 2
Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection.A black and white photograph of ANZAC Nursing Sisters Lt Patricia Ferguson (RAANC), receives the hand over report from Capt Clare Jacobson (RNZANC) in the Sisters station of the Surgical Ward at the 1st Australian Field Hospital, Vung Tau, South Vietnam (May 1970) photograph, 1st australian field hospital, vung tau, lt patricia ferguson, capt clare jacobson, raanc, rnzanc, nurse, gibbons collection catalogue, surgical ward, sisters station -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Gibbons, Denis, More Wounded NVA/VC 2
Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection.A black and white photograph of Medics and Intelligence Officers meet and unload a secondAmerican Dustoff medical evacuation helicopter bringing wounded NVA/VietCong enemy from the NVA/VietCong K76A Hospital wards captured on the Nui May Tao Mountain by 6 RAR/NZ (ANZAC)photograph, intelligence officers, dustoff, nva/vc, k76a hospital, 6 rar/nz, nui may tao mountain, operation marsden, gibbons collection catalogue, anzac, medics, denis gibbons -
Mont De Lancey
Functional object - Bedroom Jug, Unknown
From the 1860's - 1930's various companies called their enamelware products by their own unique names, e.g. graniteware and agateware. The enamel coating put an end to metallic tasting food and prevented rust from contaminating food. It did scratch and chip easily.A large white enamel water jug or pitcher with a dark blue handle and dark blue rolled trim around the rim. It has a looped scroll handle attached at the bottom by one nail and two at the top. It may have been used in the bedroom for washing oneself or in the kitchen.enamel, metal, water pitcher, jugs -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Map, Public Transport Victoria (PTV), "Melbourne tram network", "Victorian train network", May. 2017
A4 printed map, full colour published May 2017 titled on one side "Melbourne tram network" and the other "Victorian train network", showing the tram and train routes, and details of each route or line. Published by Transport for Victoria and PTV. Two copies held.trams, tramways, maps, railways, tramways, victoria, tram routes -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, Public Transport Corporation (PTC), mid 1940's
Black and white print of MMTB Bus No. 365 - Leyland OPS1, Leyland chassis, body by Preston Workshops. Showing route 65, bus is unregistered, indicating that it may have just been built. Photo from the PTC Historic Photo collection with copyright stamp on rear.trams, tramways, mmtb, preston workshops, buses, route 65, tram 365 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Negative, Wal Jack collection, c1930
Black and white negative from Wal Jack collection of the W2 557, East Preston, route 9, Photo c1930. crossing "The Hump" over the Epping (Whittlesea) railway line alongside Preston Workshops. Photo may not be by Wal Jack as a size that he did not use.trams, tramways, w2 class, the hump, east preston, route 9, tram 557 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Letter, Australian Electric Traction Association (AETA), "Proposal to build a tramline down Nepean Highway to Southland", May. 1977
Letter with supplementary document - "Proposal to build a tramline down Nepean Highway to Southland", advocating residents support a study into a possible tram line to Southland, May 1977. The Nepean Highway was being widened at the time. Produced by the AETA. Printed by duplicating process on white foolscap paper.trams, tramways, public transport, mmtb, proposals, moorabbin -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Gibbons, Denis, Erica De Wit
Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and white photograph of Erica De Wit one of the lead singers with the Official Apr-May 70 Sydney Concert Party and an Engineer Digger friend trip the light fantastic to the delight of the audience at 1 Australian Task Force Base, Nui Dat, Luscombe Bowlphotograph, entertainers, sydney concert party, erica de wit, 1 atf, nui dat, luscombe bowl, gibbons collection catalogue, official apr-may 70 sydney concert party, engineer digger, 1st australian task force, denis gibbons -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Gibbons, Denis, Captured Medical Supplies
Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and white photograph of a Doctor from 1st Australian Field Hospital and a 6 RAR/NZ Intelligence Officer inspect captured medical supplies and equipment from the K76A Hospital captured on the Nui May Tao Mountain by 6 RAR/NZ during Operation Marsden. photograph, 6 rar/nz, k76a hospital, nui may tao mountain, operation marsden, gibbons collection catalogue, doctor, 1st australian field hospital, 6 rar/nz (anzac), intelligence officers, captured medical supplies, denis gibbons -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Gibbons, Denis, Correct Terminology
Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and white photograph of a Doctor from 1st Australian Field Hospital, Vung Tau, advises a 6 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) Intelligence Officer the correct terminology for captures medical supplies and equipment captures in the NVA/Vietcon K76A Hospital on the Nui May Tao Mountain.photograph, 6 rar/nz, k76a hospital, nui may tao mountain, operation marsden, gibbons collection catalogue, intelligence officers, 6 rar/nz (anzac), doctor, 1st australian field hospital, vung tau, nva/vietcong, denis gibbons -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Gibbons, Denis, Captured Medical Supplies
Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and white photograph of a Doctor from 1st Australian Field Hospital and a 6 RAR/NZ Intelligence Officer inspect captured medical supplies and equipment from the K76A Hospital captured on the Nui May Tao Mountain by 6 RAR/NZ during Operation Marsden. photograph, 6 rar/nz, k76a hospital, nui may tao mountain, operation marsden, gibbons collection catalogue, doctor, 1st australian field hospital, intelligence officers, 6 rar/nz (anzac), denis gibbons, captured medical supplies -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Photograph - Various ships berthed at Station Pier and Princes Pier, Port Melbourne, Ron Laing, 1986 - 1999
A set of 41 photographs of several Aux. sailing vessels, replicas and training ships which are either overseas visitors or locals berthed at or around Station and Princes Piers 1986-1999 PICTURE 31 NOT FOUND MAY 2015, still absent 15.01.19 and 22/8/23transport - shipping, piers and wharves - station pier, piers and wharves - princes pier, ron laing, esmeralda, alma doepel, rainbow warrior, endeavour, akogare, one and all, lady nelson, young endeavour, polly woodside, pallada, enterprize -
Bendigo Military Museum
Accessory - PAMPHLETS & POCKET BOOK, c.1940
1938 Field Service Pocket Book house leaf binder type. Three holes. Dark red leather look cover with flap to close with press stud. Thirteen pamphlets. 20th March 1940 - 25th May 1940. All bound together with a black shoelace."QX34731 Lieut N Edwards 'D' Coy, 47 Australian Infantry battalion". Lower left hand corner signature in pen :"N Edwards". "QX45136 Sgt Euler. L A" (pencil).accessory, notebook, field service -
Lakes Entrance Historical Society
Photograph - May 1944 rescue in Bass Strait, Lakes Post Newspaper, Kevin Horne, 1/10/1994 12:00:00 AM
Also in rescue party Harold Broome and Vic CarstairsBlack and white photograph of Kevin Horne one of the four airmen rescued by fisherman Jack Gray and sons in May 1944 when their plane went down in Bass Strait. Shown here on his visit to thank the remaining members of the rescue party at Lakes Entrance Victoriamilitary history, people, r a a f, world war 1939 - 1945 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Personal Papers, Danish Tramway Museum, "Tram 965", 2006
Set of documents collected by Mike Ryan of the transfer of tram SW 6 965 from Melbourne to Denmark and its launch by Princess Mary during May 2006. .1 - Danish Tramway Museum Magazine - "By Trafik" - Feb. 2006 containing an article in its shipping to Arhus by Yokohama ex Melbourne along with some printed notes on the transfer within the magazine. .2 - ditto - Jun 2006 - with the launch of the tram by the Prince and Princess with a translation of the article. .3 - Museum marketing brochure featuring 965 on the front along with a translation note. .4 - Museum Catalogue of its tramcars .5 - Museum Annual report for 2005. .6 - Danish newspaper cuttings for 23 May 2006 on the launch of the tram. .7 - ditto for 24 May 2006. .8 - photocopy of an article in Lloyd's list for 6-1-2006 on the shipping of the tram. Three Museum Postcards; .9 - view of 965 at the Museum .10 - View of the launch function - 23/5/2006 .11 - Photo of Copenhagen tram 575.trams, tramways, disposal, denmark, museums, tram 965 -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Legal record - Record Book, Warrnambool Lighthouse Register of Meteorological Observations 1902 Apr
Register of Meteorological Observations at Warrnambool Lighthouse for the following months. mber 1905. 1902 - all months, 1903 - Jan, Feb, April, May, June, July, Aug, Oct, Nov, Dec, Mar, 1905 - Jan. Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sept, Oct, Nov, Dec, 1906- Jan, Feb, Mar, May, Jun, July, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec, 1907 - all months.Register, marble pattern cover on March and Septe. Warrnambool Lighthouse Register of Meteorological Observations, 1902 Apr Recorded information of meteorological events at the Warrnambool Lighthouse, giving details of Air Pressure, Temperature, Wind Velocity and Direction, Cloud, Rain and RemarksHandwritten entriesflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, warrnambool lighthouse register of meteorological observations 1902 apr, meteorological observations, book, warrnambool lighthouse, meteorological observation -
Otway Districts Historical Society
Prize, Beech Forest and Otway District Produce Society, Prizes, 1922-1932, See individual prizes
Beech Forest and Otway District Produce Society: (a) Second Prize, D. Towers, for Snowflake, A.W. MacKenzie, Secretary. (b) Seventh Annual Show, 1923, Second Prize, D. Towers, for Best Collection Dressed Forest Timbers, exhibit no. 2, C.J. Brammer, Hon. Secretary. (c) Twelfth Annual Show, Second Prize, D. Towers, Class B Section 2 Ex 1, Cr. J.C. Gardner JP, Pres., W.J. Gray FABI SFAI, Hon. Sec. (d) Fourteenth Annual Show, 27 May 1931, First Prize, D. Towers, Class B Sec 1, Mr J. Perry, President, W.J. Gray FABI SFAI, Hon. Sec. (e) Fourteenth Annual Show, 27 May 1931, First Prize, D. Towers, Class B Sec 2, Mr J. Perry, President, W.J. Gray FABI SFAI, Hon. Sec. (f) Fifteenth Annual Show, 25 May 1932, First Prize, D. Towers, Cup Section 5, J.A. Perry, Pres., W.J. Gray, FCI (Eng.), Hon. Sec. (g) Fifteenth Annual Show, 25 May 1932, Second Prize, D. Towers, B 1/7, J.A. Perry, Pres., W.J. Gray FCI (Eng.), Hon. Sec.beech forest; otway; produce; prize; -
Greensborough Historical Society
Advertising Leaflet, Barry Plant Greensborough, 1 Sapphire Court Greensborough, 22/10/2018
Real estate advertisement for 1 Sapphire Court Greensborough, a 3 bedroom townhouse. This house was off market in February 2019. Estimated price $570,000- $620,000. Previous sales: May 2012 $415,000; October 2009 $415,000 and May 2004 for $130,000.Real estate advertisement black text and colour photographsapphire court greensborough -
Robin Boyd Foundation
Document - Manuscript, Zelman Cowen, The Way We Live Now, 1974
The is a speech given by Zelman Cowen in Melbourne, on Wednesday 1st May 1974 for the 41st Sir Richard Stawell Oration, Australian College of Surgeons. This may have been sent to Patricia Boyd since the Zelman Cowen was a long time friend of the family.This is a speech – 41st Sir Richard Stawell Oration, Australian College of Surgeons, Melbourne 01.05.1974Typewritten, quarto, 34 pagessociological jurisprudence, law, ethics, politics, social history, authority, justice, richard stawell, zelman cowen