Black and white photograph showing concrete extensions to original piers at entrance to Gippsland Lakes from ocean Bass Strait. Eastern pier in foreground finished, western pier in background not finished, crane still in use. Beach in foreground. Lakes Entrance Victorianavigation, topography

Colour aerial photograph of the land forms around the entrance to the Gippsland Lakes, from Kalimna West to Lakes Entrance, North Arm to the ocean. Shows massive sand buildup between Rigby Island and Kalimna, also Bullock Island. Lakes Entrance Victoriawaterways, navigation

Colour photograph of Cunninghame Arm Footbridge, looking towards hummocks. Lakes Entrance, Victoriahistoric sites, navigation

Colour photograph of Cunninghame Arm Footbridge, looking towards the town. Lakes Entrance, Victoriahistoric sites, navigation

Colour photograph of Cunninghame Arm Footbridge, looking towards the town. Lakes Entrance, Victoriahistoric sites, navigation

On back of original 'What price our Yankees climbing trees?'Black and white photograph copied from a postcard showing three men on top of the LookOut Tree at Jemmys Point, tree supported by two logs, 35 foot ladder against tree for access on top, man and woman in buggy and boy on horse watching photographer. Lakes Entrance, Victoriahistoric sites, navigation

Black and white small format photograph of the LookOut Tree at Jemmys Point, showing dead tree supported by two logs, a woman two-thirds of the way up the 35 foot ladder which reaches the top. Lakes Entrance, Victoriahistoric sites, navigation

Black and white small format postcard of the timber observation lookout at Jemmys Point, Lakes Entrance, Victoria, showing the updated and safer steps from ground to observation deck, with fenced landing at halfway point. Old log and seat still nearby, signal light on steel tower a short distance away.historic sites, navigation

Also two larger copies, 11.5 x18 cm and 17 x 25.5 cm|Also an original in good order 02269.04|This is the before paired photograph used in the 150 year Lakes Entrance 1858-2008 display.|The after paired photograph number 02269.1|Also one 12 x 16 framed photograph used in room display.Black and white postcard of the timber lookout tower on Jemmys Point, Lakes Entrance, Victoria, showing the lookout between the old lookout tree, and the steel signal light tower. Below the lookout is a timber shed built during WW2 when tower was used by Kalimna Air Observors Corps. In foreground is a wooden seat replacing the old log shelter and seat.Jemmys Point Lakes Entrancenavigation, room display

This is the after paired photograph used in the 150 year Lakes entrance 1858-2008 display.|The before paired photograph number 02269|Also one 12 x 16 framed photograph used in room display.Colour photograph lookout tree and steel signal light tow on Jemmys Point. Lakes Entrance Victoria.historic sites, navigation

Black and white postcard of the timber lookout on Jemmys Point, with the signal light on steel tower nearby. Lakes Entrance Victoria,The Lookout, Lakes Entrancehistoric sites, navigation

Identical copy 10 x 15Black and white photograph copied from a postcard showing the timber lookout tower and signal light on Jemmys Point, old lookout tree in background appears to have some of the top missing. Lakes Entrance Victoria.historic sites, navigation

Date made January 1950Black and white small format photograph of the timber lookout on Jemmys Point. Lakes Entrance Victoriahistoric sites, navigation

Also one other photograh similar showing steps, landing, and Carpenters Chev car parked.Black and white photograph of the timber lookout on Jemmys Point, steel tower with signal light in background, base of old lookout tree visible on left of image. Lakes Entrance, Victoria.historic sites, navigation

Sepia photograph of a tall tree on James Rowes property at Kalimna West. This tree was a landmark for shipping at sea off Lakes Entrance during late 19th and early 20th Centuries. It was later struck by lightning, cut down and hewn into sleepers and beams. Kalimna West Victoriahistoric sites, navigation

Black and white photograph of the Lookout Tree on Jemmys Point showing a standing dead grey box tree supported by two long timbers. Access to the top via a 35 foot ladder. Thelma Roder standing on top beside signal structure, two women and child standing near base. Lakes Entrance Victoria,historic sites, navigation

Colour photograph of the old lookout tree on Jemmys Point, showing a standing dead grey box tree, remains of three branches at top which once held a platform and signal structure. Two timber seats on lawn at base, roadway in foreground. Lakes Entrance, Victoria,historic sites, navigation

Colour photograph of the old lookout tree on Jemmys Point, showing a standing dead grey box tree, remains of three branches at top which once held a platform and signal structure. Two timber seats on lawn at base, roadway in foreground. Lakes Entrance, Victoria,2008historic sites, navigation

Colour photograph of the old lookout tree on Jemmys Point, showing a standing dead grey box tree, remains of three branches at top which once held a platform and signal structure. Two timber seats on lawn at base, roadway in foreground. Lakes Entrance, Victoria,historic sites, navigation

Colour photograph of the old lookout tree on Jemmys Point, showing a standing dead grey box tree, remains of three branches at top which once held a platform and signal structure. Two timber seats on lawn at base, roadway in foreground. Lakes Entrance, Victoria,historic sites, navigation

Named in photo - Group Captain W Garing, Wing Commander D Kingwell, Squadron Leader W Leggett, Flight Lt C Patterson, Squadron Leader L Matheson, Miss J F Muir, Mr Frank Dugan, Mr D WilliamsBlack and white photograph taken of the officials at the opening of the Volunteer Air Observors Corp tower on Esplanade, Lakes Entrance Victoriahistoric sites, navigation

Unknown history but potentially off wrecked yachtPortable compass in metal case with glass front and spirit light compartment on left sidecompass, navigation

A telescope in its own timber box.Turn this to change powertelescope, navigation

8 cm compass Pattern 9628 in wooden boxCompass Patt 9628S Delicate instrument handle with care 287A/62compass, navigation

Although the provenance cannot be confirmed it is believed that this lead possibly originated from the SS Time.Since at least the sixth century B.C. the sounding lead or sounding weight was in use in the Mediterranean area for maritime navigation. It is the oldest known marine navigational instrument and it remained a primary navigational aid in coastal waters and rivers well into the twentieth century.A sounding lead with rope line attached. One surviving leather fathom depth marker is spliced into the rope.sound lead, navigation

An Octant is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument used primarily by sailors to measure the angular distance between two visible objects and was a forerunner of the sextant. The name comes from the Latin octo, or “one-eighth of a circle,” for the Octant’s arc which spans 45°, or one-eighth of a circle. The primary use of an Octant is to measure the angle between an astronomical object and the horizon for the purposes of celestial navigation. The estimation of this angle is known as sighting or shooting the object, or taking a sight. The angle, and the time when it was measured, can be used to calculate a position line on a nautical chart (latitude), for example, sighting the Sun at noon or Polaris at night (in the Northern Hemisphere) gives an angle by which the latitude can then be estimated. Sighting the height of a landmark on land can also give a measure of distance. History: The principle of the Octant as an instrument to measure ones latitude was first implemented around 1742-present but was superseded by the improvement of the octant to a sextant, a very similar instrument, better made and able to measure bigger angles 120°, allowing the measurement of Luna distances to give longitude when used with an accurate chronometer. The sextant started to appear around 1730 and had been attributed to by John Hadley (1682–1744) and Thomas Godfrey (1704–1749), but reference to the sextant was also found later in the unpublished writings of Isaac Newton (1643–1727). Earlier links can be found to Bartholomew Gosnold (1571–1607) indicating that the use of a Sextant for nautical navigation predates Hadley's implementation. In 1922, the sextant was modified for aeronautical navigation by Portuguese navigator and naval officer Gago Coutinho. Henry Hemsley was a lesser-known instrument maker and optician working in London in the late 17th and early 18th century. However, it should be noted that there were two Henry Hemsley opticians and instrument makers around this period. (Henry Hemsley 1, 1786-89, who had premises at 85 Fleet St London and Henry Hemsley 2, 1828-56), whose workshop was at 135-138 Radcliff Highway London. Therefore, based on the inscribed workshop address Henry Hemsley 2 is responsible for making this example.The octant is representative of its type and although not fully complete it demonstrates how 18th and 19th-century mariners determined their latitude on a chart to navigate their way across the world's oceans in the 18th and 19th century. It also demonstrates the skill and workmanship of the early instrument makers that operated from London at this time and provided most of the navigational instrumentation use by commercial and military navies of the time.Octant, ebony wooden frame and handle. Scale is missing from recess in frame. "H. Hemsley 135-138 Ratliff Highway, London", no box"H. Hemsley 135-138 Ratcliff Highway, London"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, navigation, navigational instrument, instrument used for navigation, sextant, henry hemsley, instrument maker, london, octant

This Dollond Day or Nigh telescope was designed to be used in any light conditions, as its name implies. Telescopes are optical instruments designed to make objects appear to be larger or closer. The discovery of the first telescope in 1608 can be attributed to Hans Lippershey of the Netherlands when he discovers that holding two lenses up some distance apart bring objects closer. He applies for a patent on his invention and this becomes the first documented creation of a telescope. Then in 1668, Newton produces the first successful reflecting telescope using a two-inch diameter concave spherical mirror. This opened the door to magnifying objects millions of times far beyond what could ever be obtained with a lens. It wasn’t until 1729 that Chester Moor Hall develops an achromatic lens (two pieces of glass with different indices of light refraction combined produce a lens that can focus colours to almost an exact point resulting in much sharper images but still with some distortion around the edges of the image. Then in 1729 Scottish instrument maker James Short invents the first parabolic and elliptic, distortion-less mirror ideal for reflecting telescopes. We now come to John Dollond who improves upon the achromatic objective lens by placing a concave flint glass lens between two convex crown glass lenses. This had the effect of improving the image considerably. Makers Information: John Dollond (1707-1761) London England he was a maker of optical and astronomical instruments who developed an achromatic (non-colour distorting) refracting telescope and practical heliometer. A telescope that used a divided lens to measure the Sun’s diameter and the angles between celestial bodies. The son of a Huguenot refugees Dollond learned the family trade of silk weaving. He became proficient in optics and astronomy and in 1752 his eldest son, Peter joined his father in an optical business, in 1753 he introduced the heliometer. In the same year, he also took out a patent on his new lenses. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in May 1761 but died suddenly in November and his share in the patent passed to his son Peter. In subsequent squabbles between Peter and the many London opticians who challenged his patent, Peter’s consistent position was that, whatever precedents there may have been to his achromatic lenses, his father had independently reached his practical technique on the basis of his theoretical command of Newtonian optics. As a result of maintaining his fathers patent, Dollond s became the leading manufacturer of optical instruments. For a time in the eighteenth and nineteenth century the word 'Dollond' was almost a generic term for telescope rather like 'Hoover; is to vacuum cleaner. Genuine Dollond telescopes were considered to be amongst the best. Peter Dollond (1731-1820) was the business brain behind the company which he founded in Vine Street, Spitalfields in 1750 and in 1752 moved the business to the Strand London. The Dollonds seem to have made both types of telescopes (reflecting and refracting), possessing the technology to produce significant numbers of lenses free of chromatic aberration for refracting telescopes. A Dollond telescope sailed with Captain Cook in 1769 on his voyage to observe the Transit of Venus. Thomas Jefferson and Admiral Lord Nelson were also customers of the Dollonds. Dollond & Co merged with Aitchison & Co in 1927 to form Dollond & Aitchison, the well-known high street chain of opticians, now fully part of Boots Opticians. They no longer manufacture but are exclusively a retail operation.    John Dollond's experiments in optics and how different combinations of lenses refract light and colour gave a better understanding of the divergent properties of lenses. That went on to inform and pave the way for the improvement of our understanding of optics that is represented today. Dollond was referred to in his time as the "Father of practical optics" as a leader in his field he received many prestigious awards. The telescope in the collection is a good example of one of Dollond's early library telescopes. Its connection with one of England's 18th century pioneers in optical development makes it a significant and an important item to have within the collection.Telescope: Dollond's Telescope, Day or Night model navigational instrument. Telescope is mounted on wooden tripod stand that has folding legs. Brass telescope with leather sheath over barrel, adjustable angle fitting with brass wing nuts that join the legs to the top frame, which is then joined to the telescope pole by an adjustable screw fitting. Manufactured by Dollond, London. Inscription reads "Dollond London, Day or Night" and "DOLLOND LONDON"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, telescope, dollond, dollond london, day & night telescope, floor-standing telescope, optical instrument, john dollond, peter dollond, achromatic telescope, heliometer, light refraction, instrument maker, lens, transit of venus, astronomical telescope, concave lens, library telescope, dollond telescope, day or night, day or night telexcope, scientific instrument, navigation, navigational instrument, astronomy

Accurate charts were imperative for sea farers to sail their vessels safely from one side of the world to another. The British Admiralty published many charts and updated them frequently. Specialists were employed to gather information such as depth soundings to give the navigator as many helps as possible. At regular intervals the charts had to be updated with the amount of adjustment needed to a compass to allow for magnetic variation.This chart is significant for its association with incoming and outgoin ships for trade and passengers in the late 19th century.Admiralty Chart of Port Phillip, Victoria, South Coast of Australia. It shows navigation buoys, lighthouses, tides and money other details. It was surveyed by Commander Henry L. Cox R.N. in 1864. Published by Admiralty August 19th 1865. Corrections were made by Staff Commander E.J. Stanley R.N. in 1874. The West Channel was surveyed b J.B. Mason , Engineer, in 1899. Published and cartographed in Admiralty, London, England in 1897, supervised by Capt G H Richards R N Hydrographer. Chart was updated in 1899. Sold by W D Potter Agent for Admiralty Charts 145 minorities.Printed: "Port Phillip" "Australia - South Coast, Victoria"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime-museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, shipwreck coast, chart, australia, south coast, port phillip, admiralty, 1899, navigation, cartography, cartographer

Possibly related to navigation

Possibly related to navigation