Now and then, history in pictures. Now: the former Savings Bank today, now used as private offices. Then: the Savings Bank, in Hargreaves Street, as it was in the 1870s. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo

Ernest Heinrich Marcuse was born on the 1st of December 1900 to Hedwig and Siegmund Marcuse in Berlin Germany. While Marcuse's artistic talent was apparent from a younger age, his earliest existing artwork was from when he was approximately 20 years old. Ernest's formal art training commenced in 1918 with a three year course at the Berlin school of Interior design. After completion he found work until 1924 when Germany's Great Depression took effect. To broaden his career opportunities he undertook a further 12 months study of fashion, drawing and advertising at Berlin's Reiman school of art. From 1925 to 1934 Ernest was primarily a freelance press artist specialising in industrial, architectural and figurative drawing. Prominent newspaper The Berliner Morgenpost was his largest client along with Gross Deutsche Rundfunaustellung (Germany's organisation for major trade shows). During this period he would create many significant works. Two months after Hitler and the Nazi part came to power in 1933, Ernest received a life changing letter stating that being Jewish he could no longer continue employment in Germany. Up until 1938 he would only be able to undertake private commissions and occasional unofficial work as a book illustrator and games designer. This was by arrangement with non Jewish artists who claimed his work as their own, they would then share the income with Ernest. With increasing unrest in Germany during late 1938 Ernest decided to move to London and there he married his girlfriend Lotte. In late 1939 Ernest and Lotte Marcuse embarked on an eight week journey to their new home in Australia where they had been accepted as refugees. Shortly after arriving in Australia Ernest presented his portfolio to an editor at the Argus newspaper and gained employment as a war events illustrator. He soon became well respected and known in particular for his detailed illustrations and cross sections of ships , artillery and aircrafts. His detailed depictions of battles were displayed on the front pages of The Argus newspaper on a number of occasions. In May 1940 as the war intensified Ernest was dismissed from The Argus newspaper due to his Australian government classification of 'stateless person of enemy origin' and was considered a potential security risk. The editor of the time commented "don't blame us, blame Hitler". Marcuse then began to establish himself as a commercial artist. Ernest was de-classified as a 'stateless person of enemy origin' and in early 1942. The Australian army heard of Ernest's artistic abilities and began to utilize his designs for visual training aids and posters. Ernest became Private E.H Marcuse V377746, his first army posting was as staff artist at The infantry officer's training school at Bonegilla. When off duty he was inspired by the beauty of the surrounding area creating the works in North east Victoria 'Kiewa river bridge', 'Hume weir', ' Dried up river bed' and 'Hawksview gold reef mine' from his 1942-1943 period at Bonegilla Victoria. Ernest returned to the area to create drawings and paintings from 1948 to 1983 in locations including Bright, Wandilligong, Bogong High plains and Wallace's Hut, Mt Buffalo, Beechworth, Pretty valley, Kiewa Hydro, Yackandandah and Bontherambo homestead. These sketches were often completed on location, photographs were also taken onsite to assist the works back at the studio. Occasionally Marcuse also painted in the field. Ernest's preferred choice of medium was pencil and ink. Up until 1952 he would often incorporate watercolour into his work. Later into his career he began introducing pastels, acrylic and mixed media. In earlier years Ernest Marcuse often signed his work Mar, later on the signing of works ranged from Marcuse, E.Marcuse, Ernest Marcuse, EHM or simply EM . If a work was considered incomplete or Marcuse did not like the work it would remain unsigned. From Bonegilla Marcuse was transferred to Woodside South Australia before his final posting in Melbourne until the end of 1945. Ernest's work from within his army posting 'Troop Train at Night' from his 1945 exhibition Australia at War are part of the permanent collection at Canberra's War Museum. Between 1946 and 1969 Ernest largely worked from home and concentrated on a career as a freelance commercial artist and graphic designer. During that time he created work for well known household names including CRA/Conzinc, Vacuum oil (Caltex), Cottee's Brand (Schweppes and Heinz), Home Beautiful magazine Fulton garden supplies, International Iveco trucks, Ego pharmaceuticals, QV and Sunsense. After retirement Ernest concentrated on his true love of fine art and focused on painting images of personal interest both across Australia and Internationally. Earnest never drove a car. He would often walk or use public transport or enlist in the help of family or artist friends to drive him. Throughout his career Ernest Marcuse's artworks were purchase by private collectors these included ACTU, Melbourne City council, Holland Constructions, Melbourne Metropolitan Tramways Board, GJ Coles and Australian Resources Bank. Ernest Marcuse permanent collections can be viewed at The National Gallery of Victoria , Sydney Jewish Museum, Jewish Holocaust Centre Melbourne, Canberra's War Museum, City of Melbourne, Shire of Yarra ranges and now the Burke Museum. © 2020 Art by Marcuse https://www.artbymarcuse.com.au/aboutDonated to the Burke Museum through the Australian Government's Cultural Gifts Program by Peter and Evelyn MarcusePen and pencil landscape drawing on paper.Obverse: BANK OF VICTORIA / YACKANDANDAH / Reverse: Y 6 / 017 ernest marcuse, marcuse, art, artbymarcuse, beechworth, burke museum, indigo shire, landscape, illustration, drawing, pen and pencil, australian army, war events illustrator, the age, the sun, the argus, germany, refugee, industrial drawing, architectual drawing, figure drawing, berliner morgenpost, grosse deutsche rundfunaustellung, berlin’s reiman school of art., cultural gifts program

This photo shows a river boat under construction on the eastern bank of the Murray river in the Echuca Port area where the boat shed and swimming pool were located in the 1970's. The boat shed can be seen through the trees but the swimming pool isn't visible. There is another river boat behind, possibly the Canberra.This photograph is of historical and social significance in that it shows the condition of the Murray river in the 1970's at an area used as the local swimming area on the Echuca side of the river. There is a river boat under construction (the frame work shows a bottom and top storey on the boat). This could be the Pride of the Murray. It is difficult to see the name on the river boat behind but it looks like the Canberra. Three houseboats are moored together, a bit further down the river.Colour photograph (post card size) of the Murray river looking north towards the boat shed building. Two river boats are moored by the left bank close to the swimming pool and three house boats can be seen moored further down the river. The river boat in the fore ground is under construction.Printed on reverse:" this paper manufactured by Kodak". Written in blue pen"12B"echuca, port of (riverboats), echuca, port of

Document. Gold Sale notes for Nicholas Bolle. Papers pinned together covering the years 1868 - 1887 being statement of gold melted and assayed for Nicholas Bolle from the Eaglehawk branch of the Bank of Victoria. A few of the papers are from the Bank of New South Wales - Eaglehawk Branch, Bank of Australasia, Bank of Australasia Gold Office. The earliest statement dated 3 Jul 1868 is for Messrs Harrison & Bashton. Other early ones are for Derbyshire Reef. The Bank of Victoria cards mention R. H. Andrews, Agent on the back. The Bank of Australasia Gold Office statement contains an ink picture of the building on the back.cottage, miners, gold sale notes for nicholas bolle, bank of victoria - eaglehawk branch, bank of new south wales, bank of australasia, bank of australasia gold office, messrs harrison & bashton, derbyshire reef, r. h. andrews

One typed page on Australian and New Zealand Bank Limited (ANZ Bank) letterhead relating to the modernisation of the branch on the corner of Sturt Street and Lydiard Street Ballarat.anz bank, australia and new zealand bank limited, g.r. hancock

Document. Oriental Bank Corporation Sale Note. Sale note from Oriental Bank Corporation for gold purchased from John Dolman, dated Oct 1869.cottage, miners, oriental bank corporation, john dolman

Refers to a collection of Bendigo Voluntary Aid Detachment. See Cat No 7028 for all the collection.1. This is a pocket sized bank book. Printing on front is in a dark blue ink. The cover is blue buckram. inside are bank, branch details and hours, plus a line by line bank financial record of deposits and withdrawals. The first record is a deposit of 35 pounds in April 1943. The last balance is shown as 3 ponds 5 shillings and 10 pence. 1 June 1955 Interest. 2. This is a stout khaki bank book holder. Printed articles on it are: - "State Savings Bank Victoria" plus seven reasons for saving money.1. Inside the book is No. “S1287” written in ink. The depositors title written in ink is :- Bendigo Voluntary Aid Detachment No. 352 stamped inside back cover is number “C968324” 2. Nil.ww2, bank book, vad

This strong, heavy bank safe was made by W. Marr in London. It was formerly owned by the ANZ Bank in Portland, Victoria. Portland’s ANZ Bank was originally a branch of the Bank of Australasia, which first came to Australia in 1835, opening in Sydney. Portland’s Bank of Australasia began in a bluestone building built on the north corner of Julia and Bentinck Streets by stonemason William Robb in 1855, around the time of Australia’s Gold Rush. Eventually, in 1951, the Bank of Australasia merged with the Union Bank to become the Australia & New Zealand Bank, known as the ANZ. Portland’s branch of the Bank of Australasia then moved into the old Union Bank building at 44 Percy Streets; both bank buildings were built around the same. The maker of this safe, W. (William) Marr, obtained a patent in 1834 for what is believed to be the first fire-retarding patent, building this into the lining of strong boxes. Others made further design improvements such as hardening the metal plates used to make the boxes. In about 1840 Thomas Milner, a Sheffield tinsmith, made the earliest safes that could safely protect their contents from a surrounding fire. This was achieved by including tubes of a substance between the inner and outer walls of the safe that would react to the heat and the contents would put the fire out. In 1851 an Exhibition at London’s Crystal Palace included fire-proof safes from different vendors. William Marr was listed under Fireproof Box Makers in the 1842 London Trades Directory, at 33 Broad Street, and 52 Cheapside. William Marr & Son were appointed to supply Her Majesty’s National Debt Office and other departments in 1860, with the address 9 Walbrook, Vulcan Safe Works, Skin Yard, Bankside, Southwark, London. 1n 1870 the address for William Marr listed under Safe Makers and Agents in the London Trades Directory was 67 Cannon Street. The manufacturer, W Marr, is significant as an inventor of a way to make a strong box fireproof, then patented his secure safe. This invention indicates that security of money was of great importance in the mid-1800s as it continues to be today. The secure safe would have given much comfort to those with investments and savings, as well as to the bank itself, the custodian of other people's money. This safe was made in London and exported to colonial Australia, giving significance to the safe as an item that was high in the list of the needs of the early Australians and their businesses. The safe has local historical significance as it was used by the original Bank of Australasia in Portland, which was built in 1855 and went on to become the ANZ Bank, still in operation today. The bank was an integral part of the establishment and growth of commerce in Colonial Victoria.Safe; heavy metal bank safe, painted green. Double doors each have top and bottom external hinges, and two front panels; the top panels are arched. The thick doors have five sliding locks. Inside is a fixed metal compartment with a locked sliding metal drawer, and several fitted shelves plus some temporary removable shelving. Both doors have a decorative brass knob near the centre opening. Left door has an oval artificial keyhole and a space where another fitting has been attached. The right door has a second brass knob and an oval keyhole. The top panels of the left door has an oval plaque with an inscription; the right door has evidence that there was an oval attachment. Made by W. Marr, London.Text embossed on plaque: "W. MARR / PATENTEE & MANUFACTURER / 52 / /CHEAPSIDE / LONDON" flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, maritime museum, great ocean road, shipwreck artefact, safe, bank safe, vault, security, finances, anz bank, portland bank, w marr, william w marr, financial institution, savings, gold exchange, loans, investments, safety, safe maker, lock maker, iron box, strong-room

Watercolour and black pen painting of the Bank of New South Wales, Eaglehawk. Written on bottom of art:' Note room with high chimney where gold was melted into ingots to be sent to Melbourne. This bank was closed about 1920 and has been used as a shop since' Artwork signed by Alf Perry 1954. Two punch holes on LH side. Written on back in pencil : Only 3 banks in Victoria had a smelting room with tall chimney. The gold was bought and refined and melted into ingots. The three banks were at Eaglehawk, Castlemaine and Bendigo (from publicity officer Bank of NSW Melbourne). I have established that the Castlemaine Bank NSW definitely did not have a chimney stack as in this picture. My information came from an old member of Castlemaine Bank of NSW staff in 1962.'eaglehawk, commercial, bank of nsw

Document. McColl, Rankin & Stanistreet, Central Nell Gwynne, passbook. Cardboard cover & various pages. Bank statements Central Nell Gwynne GMC N/L Bank statements with the English Scottish & Australian Bank Ltd Dated from 1944 to July 1957 - Accountancy LedgerMcColl, Rankin & Stanistreetorganization, business, central nell gwyyne mine, mccoll, rankin & stanistreet, central nell gwynne, gmc, gold mining, bank statements

Blank (unused) cheque of The Commercial Bank of Australia, Sandhurst.organization, business, bendigo businesses

A man and a lady stroll on the banks of the Lake Wendouree, Ballarat.lake wendouree, ballarat, yacht, boat house

Painting of Melbourne at the time the Lodge held it's inaugural meeting on 23 December 1839 Melbourne Viewed from the south bank of the Yarra RiverThe Lamb in inn the painting is the first meeting place of the Lodge of Australia Felix on 23 December 1839 felix, australi felix, uglv

Local SceneWest Bank of Maribyrnong River, North Sunshine - AR0034

Martin's Point from battery hill side of Moyne riverColoured photograph of Martins Point with people fishing on the bankmartins point, moyne river, fence, signal

Ernie Barrie, first son and second child of Jessie May and Charles Ernest was the Chairman of the Melton School CommitteeBank statements from the Melton State School Committeeeducation

A branch of the Bank of Victoria was erected from bluestone in Mortlake in 1866. In 1860 improvements were made to the branch in in 1927 the Bank of Victoria mered with the Commercial Banking Co. of Sydney Ltd which later became the National Bank of Australia. This bluestone building was demolished in 1956 to make way for a new brick National Bank of Australia banking chamber and residence. The bluestone was taken to a local property called "Cattle Runs"

black and white photograph,. Entrance from Pall Mall of 'Bendigo Arcade' and former Colonial Bank, later National Bank ( J. Lerk, 10th. March, 2000 ) National Bank, sign over entrance, finials to pressed steel roof. Moulding decorates upper storey windows and balcony. National bank with cast urns to roof. Valiant sedan car on left. Holden on right. Parking meters on footpath.organization, business, bendigo arcade

Four cards "A step in the right direction" Use your cents Save in your school bank account, with the compliments of The State saving Bank of Victoria - Your Bank. There is a picture of the school bank pass-book and a child rolling a 20 cents piece toward the passbook, four 20 cents pieces are under the schoolboy right foot. The cards are printed in blue, black, grey and white. The cards are all the same.organisation, bank, state savings bank of victoria

Three cards "A step in the right direction" Use your cents Save in your school bank account, with the compliments of The State saving Bank of Victoria - Your Bank. There is a picture of the school bank pass-book and a child rolling a 20 cents piece toward the passbook, four 20 cents pieces are under the schoolboy right foot. The cards are printed in blue, red and white. The cards are all the same.organisation, bank, state savings bank of victoria

This two story building was once The Victoria Bank, in Main Street Stawell later other businesses. Photo taken in 1991. The building now restored, and the home of Ron & Trudy Smith, who conduct a book exchange.Two black and white photographs of a two story brick building once The Victoria Bank and later a Book exchange. Doorways and windows on the ground floor have similar arch designs. The three top windows are rectangular in shape with a parapet on top of the building. One photo is a closer view of the building than the other. The photos may have been taken at different times as the window curtains appear different.stawell

Document, W.D.Mason Collection, Receipt from The Bank of Australasia, Commonwealth Bank of Australian Consolidated , Treasury Bonds to the value of ten pounds on account of Walter David Mason.dated 11.10.1945.Sands & McDougall Pty. Ltd., Printers, Melbourne.business, retail, w d mason

Document. Oriental Bank Corporation Sale Note. Sale note from Oriental Bank Corporation for gold purchased from Basthion & Co., dated 5 Nov 1868.cottage, miners, oriental bank corporation sale note, basthion & co

Document. Brown cardboard folder with red binding containing bank statements. Top pages blue, under pages white. English Scottish & Australlian Bank Account Book.McColl, Rankin & Stanistreetorganization, business, new monument gmc n/l, mccoll, rankin & stanistreet, new monument gmc n/l, gold mining, pass book