Showing 928 items
matching western history
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Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Les Carlyon, The great war, 2006
Les Carlyon's The Great War is the epic story of the fighting men who wove themselves into legend as part of the largest tragedy in Australian history - 179,000 dead and wounded - leaving a nation to mourn its fallen heroes in 'one long national funeral' into the 1930s and, now again, a century later. As he did with the best-seller Gallipoli, Carlyon leads the reader behind the lines, across the western front and other theatres of battle, and deep into the minds of the men who are witnesses to war. Having walked the fields of France, Belgium and Turkey on his quest for a truth beyond the myth, Carlyon weaves us a mesmerising narrative that shifts seamlessly from the hatching of grand strategies in the political salons of London and St Petersburg to the muddy, bloody trenches of Pozieres and Passchendaele where ordinary soldiers descended into a maelstrom unimaginable.index, bib, ill (plates), maps, ports, p.863.non-fictionLes Carlyon's The Great War is the epic story of the fighting men who wove themselves into legend as part of the largest tragedy in Australian history - 179,000 dead and wounded - leaving a nation to mourn its fallen heroes in 'one long national funeral' into the 1930s and, now again, a century later. As he did with the best-seller Gallipoli, Carlyon leads the reader behind the lines, across the western front and other theatres of battle, and deep into the minds of the men who are witnesses to war. Having walked the fields of France, Belgium and Turkey on his quest for a truth beyond the myth, Carlyon weaves us a mesmerising narrative that shifts seamlessly from the hatching of grand strategies in the political salons of London and St Petersburg to the muddy, bloody trenches of Pozieres and Passchendaele where ordinary soldiers descended into a maelstrom unimaginable. australian army - history, world war 1914-1918 - campaigns - western front -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Alfred A. Knopf, The great war for civilisation : the conquest of the Middle East, 2005
Reaching back into the long history of invasion, occupation and colonization in the region, Robert Fisk sets forth information in a way that makes clear how a history of injustice "has condemned the Middle East to war." He lays open the role of the West in the seemingly endless strife and warfare in the region, traces the growth of the West's involvement and influence there over the past one hundred years, and outlines the West's record of support for some of the most ruthless leaders in the Middle East. He chronicles the ever-more-powerful military presence of the United States and tracks the consequent, increasingly virulent anti-Western - and particularly anti-American - sentiment among the region's Muslim populationsIndex, bibliography, notes, ill, maps, p.1107.non-fictionReaching back into the long history of invasion, occupation and colonization in the region, Robert Fisk sets forth information in a way that makes clear how a history of injustice "has condemned the Middle East to war." He lays open the role of the West in the seemingly endless strife and warfare in the region, traces the growth of the West's involvement and influence there over the past one hundred years, and outlines the West's record of support for some of the most ruthless leaders in the Middle East. He chronicles the ever-more-powerful military presence of the United States and tracks the consequent, increasingly virulent anti-Western - and particularly anti-American - sentiment among the region's Muslim populationsmiddle east - history - 20th century, middle east - international involvement - 20th century -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Lansdowne Press, The Eagle and the Lotus; Western Intervention in Vietnam, 1847-1968, 1969
An informed critical assessment of historical and contemporary events in Vietnam and their implications particularly for Australian foreign policy.Index, notes, p.250.An informed critical assessment of historical and contemporary events in Vietnam and their implications particularly for Australian foreign policy. vietnam war 1961-1975 – history, vietnam war 1961-1975 – australian involvement -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, William Collins, Vietnam : an epic tragedy history of a tragic war, 2018
Vietnam became the Western world's most divisive modern conflict, precipitating a battlefield humiliation for France in 1954, then a vastly greater one for the United States in 1975. Max Hastings has spent the past three years interviewing scores of participants on both sides, as well as researching a multitude of American and Vietnamese documents and memoirs, to create an epic narrative of an epic struggle. He portrays the set pieces of Dienbienphu, the Tet offensive, the air blitz of North Vietnam, and less familiar battles such as the bloodbath at Daido, where a US Marine battalion was almost wiped out, together with extraordinary recollections of Ho Chi Minh's warriors. Here are the vivid realities of strife amid jungle and paddies that killed 2 million people. Many writers treat the war as a US tragedy, yet Hastings sees it as overwhelmingly that of the Vietnamese people, of whom forty died for every American. While all the world has seen the image of a screaming, naked girl seared by napalm, it forgets countless eviscerations, beheadings and murders carried out by the communists. The people of both former Vietnams paid a bitter price for the Northerners' victory in privation and oppression. Here is testimony from Vietcong guerrillas, Southern paratroopers, Saigon bargirls and Hanoi students alongside that of infantrymen from South Dakota, Marines from North Carolina, Huey pilots from Arkansas.Index, bibliography, notes, ill, maps, p.722.non-fictionVietnam became the Western world's most divisive modern conflict, precipitating a battlefield humiliation for France in 1954, then a vastly greater one for the United States in 1975. Max Hastings has spent the past three years interviewing scores of participants on both sides, as well as researching a multitude of American and Vietnamese documents and memoirs, to create an epic narrative of an epic struggle. He portrays the set pieces of Dienbienphu, the Tet offensive, the air blitz of North Vietnam, and less familiar battles such as the bloodbath at Daido, where a US Marine battalion was almost wiped out, together with extraordinary recollections of Ho Chi Minh's warriors. Here are the vivid realities of strife amid jungle and paddies that killed 2 million people. Many writers treat the war as a US tragedy, yet Hastings sees it as overwhelmingly that of the Vietnamese people, of whom forty died for every American. While all the world has seen the image of a screaming, naked girl seared by napalm, it forgets countless eviscerations, beheadings and murders carried out by the communists. The people of both former Vietnams paid a bitter price for the Northerners' victory in privation and oppression. Here is testimony from Vietcong guerrillas, Southern paratroopers, Saigon bargirls and Hanoi students alongside that of infantrymen from South Dakota, Marines from North Carolina, Huey pilots from Arkansas.vietnam war 1961-1975 – history, vietnam war 1961-1975 – personal recollections -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Pan McMillan et al, In the line of fire : real stories of Australians at war, from Gallipoli to Vietnam, 2005
In the line of fire' explores the nature of combat from the perspective of the men doing the actual fighting. From the heights of Gallipoli to the trenches of the Western Front, from the deserts of North Africa to the jungle POW camps of the Thai-Burma Railway, from the savage cold of a Korean winter to the steamy heat of Vietnam this book details what it's really like to be in the line of fire. Also it reveals the experiences of Australian women at war and the combat photographers.Index, bibliography, ill, maps, p.358.non-fictionIn the line of fire' explores the nature of combat from the perspective of the men doing the actual fighting. From the heights of Gallipoli to the trenches of the Western Front, from the deserts of North Africa to the jungle POW camps of the Thai-Burma Railway, from the savage cold of a Korean winter to the steamy heat of Vietnam this book details what it's really like to be in the line of fire. Also it reveals the experiences of Australian women at war and the combat photographers.military participation - australia, sustralia - history - military -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Blandford Press, Vietnam river warfare, 1945-1975, 1986
The story of how western forces used the "brown waterways" to move troops and equipmentIndex, ill, maps, p.160.non-fictionThe story of how western forces used the "brown waterways" to move troops and equipmentvietnam war 1961-1975 - history, vietnam war 1961-1975 - naval operations -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Bramley Books, World War I : the Western front, 1994
... 1914-1918 - Pictorial works illustrated history of the western ...illustrated history of the western front on WWIIll, maps, p.221.non-fictionillustrated history of the western front on WWIworld war 1914-1918 - campaigns - france, world war 1914-1918 - pictorial works -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Time Life Books, Lightning war, 1989
Chronicles the invasion of Norway and France by Germany during World War IIIndex, bib, ill, maps, p.185.non-fictionChronicles the invasion of Norway and France by Germany during World War IIgermany - history - 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 - campaigns - western europe -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BILL ASHMAN COLLECTION: VACUUM ROAD MAP WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Vacuum Road Map of Western Australia with overland route with the compliments of the Vacuum Oil Company Pty Ltd.map -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - JENNY FOLEY COLLECTION: ROCHESTER'S PRIDE
Bendigo Advertiser "The way we were" from Monday, August 2, 2004. Rochester's pride: the Rochester Country week cricket team, 1952. Back row: Vic Spiers (manager), Greg Francis, Doug Collins, Frank Collins, Jack Neilsen, Mac Hay and Rex Turner. Front row: Brian Florence, Norm Ryan, Bill Connell, Jack Anderson (captain), Vin Burke and Leo Francis. The photo was taken at Western Oval (now Whitten Oval) in Footscray.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - HAMILTON COLLECTION: AUSTRALIAN MUSIC EXAMINATIONS BOARD C, 1927
HAMILTON COLLECTION ; Three certificates awarded to Nancy Hamilton by the Australian Music Examination Board of the Universities of Melbourne, Adelaide, Tasmania, Queensland & Western Australia, & The State Conservatorium of Music of New South Wales. 1927 passed with Credit in pianoforte Grade 3. Printed on off white paper with navy blue print, with an intricate border of columns, cherubs, vines, State emblems, & a portrait of Beethoven.person, individual, nancy blyth hamilton -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - HAMILTON COLLECTION: AUSTRALIAN MUSIC EXAMINATIONS BOARD C, 1927
HAMILTON COLLECTION ; Three certificates awarded to Nancy Hamilton by the Australian Music Examination Board of the Universities of Melbourne, Adelaide, Tasmania, Queensland & Western Australia, & The State Conservatorium of Music of New South Wales. 1929 passed in Theory Grade 2. Printed on off white paper with navy blue print, with an intricate border of columns, cherubs, vines, State emblems, & a portrait of Beethoven.person, individual, nancy blyth hamilton -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - AILEEN AND JOHN ELLISON COLLECTION: PAIR LADIES SHORT BEIGE COLOURED GLOVES, 1950's
One pair of ladies wrist length beige coloured gloves. Three pairs of embroidered leaves on the back of the gloves.Label in left hand glove; ''7 1/2 KAYSER> Nylon. Made in Western Germany''costume accessories, female, ladies short wrist length gloves -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - AILEEN AND JOHN ELLISON COLLECTION: ONE PAIR LADIES SHORT BLACK GLOVES, 1950's
One pair of ladies wrist length black nylon gloves. Embroidered floral pattern on back of gloves, below wrist.label in LH glove, ''KAYSER 100% NYLON, Made in Western Germany''.costume accessories, female, ladies short black gloves -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - AILEEN AND JOHN ELLISON COLLECTION: PIANOFORTE GRADE V
Australian music examinations board. Public examinations in music. Conducted by the universities of Melbourne, Adelaide, Queensland, Tasmania and Western Australia and the State conservatorium of music New south Wales. Pianoforte grade V - 1924 - Issued under the authority of the Australian music examinations board. Price 2/6 Net. the book has 27 pages. Contents: Exercises for gaining control over tone gradations - Exercises beginning with the tonic - With the supertonic - With the mediant - With the subdominant - With the dominant - Exercises introducing thirds - Staccato exercises - Wrist staccato - Easy phrasing exercises - Preparatory contrary motion exercises - Exercises in scale playing - List A - List b March - Bourree - List C sonatina - Rondo - Sonatina - List D elfin dance - Mazurka - A fairy tale.books, music, pianoforte grade v -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - LONG GULLY HISTORY GROUP COLLECTION: GULLY CELEBRATES 5 JUNE 99
Copy of a newspaper article titled Gully celebrates. The community staged its second annual Long Gully Live concert and was given a $20,00o cheque to help it building family park. Member for the North Western Province, Ron Best, presented the cheque to the City of Greater Bendigo at the Long Gully Live concert. He said the State Government funding would assist the redevelopment of the Chum Street Reserve Park in Long Gully. Entertainment included Golden City Pipe band, Zenyth, Anne Conway, Voice Pop Foibles, Steve Roscoe and Anonymous Bosch. Article includes a photo of two guitarists.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - gully celebrates, long gully live concert, ron best, city of greater bendigo, chum street reserve, golden city pipe band, zenyth, anne conway, voice pop foibles, steve roscoe, jo cowling, anonymous bosch -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - LONG GULLY HISTORY GROUP COLLECTION: WORK BEGINS ON SHOWPIECE
Copy of a newspaper article titled Work begins on showpiece. A new playground and recreation area will be built at the Chum Reserve. It is still seeking support from the Bendigo community and more funds. Funding is discussed. A highlight of the finished area will have a mosaic of tiles created by the children of Bendigo Violet Street Primary School and Comet Hill Primary School. These would be permanently laid into the paths. July 14th written at the top of the page. Page has a sketch of the tree house and a photo of David Boyce and Pamela Power at Chum Reserve.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - work begins on showpiece, chum reserve, north western province mlc ron best, long gully community house, shared action project, city of greater bendigo, government's office of housing, rotary club of bendigo sandhurst, paul kirkpatrick, international rotary foundation, children's opportunity grants, bendigo violet street primary school, comet hill primary school, carol rasmussen, david boyce, pamela power -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - AILEEN AND JOHN ELLISON COLLECTION: THE WESTERN HORIZON
The Western Horizon of Victoria Australia. A pictorial presentation of the resources and development of Victoria's western district. Australian publicity council, 405 Collins Street, Melbourne. The book has 112 pages. On the inside title a dedication: to Brian with best wishes for your 17th birthday from the Rogers, 22/05/59.books, atlases, western victoria -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Artwork, other - Hustlers Reef Paintings, 1901
The century-old paintings of Bendigo gold mines made the long journey home from Western Australia in 2012. The paintings of the Great extended Hustler’s Mine, Bendigo, and Koch’s Pioneer Gold Mine, Long Gully, were painted by C.G Robertson in 1901.For years the paintings sat in the Perth house of Charles and Grace Strue; however Ian and Katinka Napier, the grand-daughter of Mr and Mrs Strue, donated the paintings to the Bendigo Historical Society.DVD. Hustler's Gold. Hustlers Reef paintings. artist C G Robertson 1901, for one painting. Second Hustler Extended Bendigo.bendigo, mining, c. g. robertson artist -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Plan - MARKS COLLECTION: PLAN OF ALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS TO THE PRIVATE RESIDENCE OF GEO. LANSELL ESQR
Plan for the alteration and additions to Fortuna Villaa, the private residence of George Lansell Plan shows southern, eastern & western elevations, floor and roof plan for the additions to the residence Coloured hand drawn construction plan Plan is undated plan has severe damage on LHS and bottom of the sheet -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - HAMILTON COLLECTION: AUSTRALIAN MUSIC EXAMINATIONS BOARD CERTIFICATE - NANCY HAMILTON, 1927
HAMILTON COLLECTION ; Three certificates awarded to Nancy Hamilton by the Australian Music Examination Board of the Universities of Melbourne, Adelaide, Tasmania, Queensland & Western Australia, & The State Conservatorium of Music of New South Wales. 1927 passed with honours in Theory Grade 3. Printed on off white paper with navy blue print, with an intricate border of columns, cherubs, vines, State emblems, & a portrait of Beethoven.person, individual, nancy blyth hamilton -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Map - JACK FLYNN COLLECTION: HUNTLY, 12.03.1932
Map: Township of Huntly, Parish of Huntly , County of Bendigo. Parish plan. Western and South Riding Division on Main St. (Main Northern Highway) - written in ink below name of map.BY Authority H.J. Green. Photo-Lithographed at the Dept., of Lands and Survey, Melbourne. 12.3.32map, bendigo, township, huntly -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - KELLY AND ALLSOP COLLECTION: CORRYONG GOLD MINING SYNDICATE - CIRCULAR, 12/07/1926 to 18/08/1926
Report of the Rising Sun Lease of 25 acres situated at Lake La Page, Western Australia, over which the Company has taken an option on the recommendation of Mr. F. J. Rashleigh, who inspected and reported on the property on behalf of the option holders.Corryong Gold Mining Co.business, stockbroker, kelly & allsop, kelly & allsop collection, corryong gold mining syndicate., lake la page, r.t.trembath, fred tricks. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: DEBORAH EXTENDED GOLD MINING CO. NL, 1970
McColl Rankin & Stanistreet Deborah Extended Gold Mining CO. NL. An agreement to be able to mine in Western Australia between: Deborah Extended Gold Mining Co. NL, Lefroy Minerals Limited, in the areas of: Coolgardie Goldfield, Mt Walton Claims, Jaurdi Claims. Dated 20th November 1970. On page 14, Lefroy Common Seal and signatures of Director: B Miller, Secretary: ? Houlson. Common Seal of North Deborah Mining Company and Signatures of Director: B Miller, Secretary: ? Houlson. Common Seal of Deborah Extended Gold Mining Company No Liability Director: C Manice, Secretary: D ?organization, mining, deborah extended gold mining co nl, mccoll rankin & stanistreet deborah extended gold mining co. nl. an agreement to be able to mine in western australia between: deborah extended gold mining co. nl, lefroy minerals limited coolgardie goldfield, mt walton claims, jaurdi claims -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: WESTERN MINING NEWSPAPER CLIPPING AND ASSOCIATED PAPERS, 1965
Newspaper clipping Mines Exploration Licences Regulations 1965 and blank exploration licence e applications. Article details Notice of Application for Exploration Licence for Western Mining Corporation Limited, 360 Collins Street, Melbourne. Dated 27th. February 1965.Alan F. Jenkins, Bendigo Advertiser, 29 Pall Mall, Bendigo.organization, mining, western mining corporation, mccoll, rankin and stanistreet: , western mining corporation, gold mining, licence application -
Victorian Interpretive Projects Inc.
Advertisement, Kinnear's Rope, 1934
Kinnear's factory in Footscray, Melbourne is a large industrial site which is no longer used for rope making. Until its closure Kinnear's Rope : - *was an important example of a rope making factory. *was the largest and longest continually operating producer of rope products in Victoria. * contributed to the industrial landscape of Melbourne, in particular the western suburb of Footscray as a major industrial centre. *played a role in the history of post war migration to Victoria. *had an mportant and successful role in rope and textile manufacturing in Victoria during the twentieth century. * site includes the remnant rope walk which is demonstrative of a traditional rope laying process no longer practiced and one of only two surviving such structures in Victoria. *remnant rope-making machinery is of technological significance as rare surviving examples of such equipment dating from the early twentieth century. (http://www.maribyrnong.vic.gov.au/Files/C93_kinnears_amendment_request_sm.pdf)An advertisement for Kinnear's Emu Brand rope and twine. It features a close up photograph of a man sewing a hessian bag closed, and Kinnear House in King Street, Melbourne.kinnear, rope, footscray, kinnear house, industry -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, The History Press, Fromelles 1916, 2010
This account explores this battle which for many epitomises the futility of the Great War. In the few hours in which it took place many heroic deeds were done but the battle caused a souring of Anglo-Australian relationships and truly was a baptism of fire for these British and Australian troops.Index, bib, ill, maps, p.329.non-fictionThis account explores this battle which for many epitomises the futility of the Great War. In the few hours in which it took place many heroic deeds were done but the battle caused a souring of Anglo-Australian relationships and truly was a baptism of fire for these British and Australian troops.world war 1914- 1918 - campaigns - western front, western front 1914-1918 - australian participation -
Monbulk RSL Sub Branch
Book, Bruce Davies, The battle at Ngok Tavak: A bloody defeat in South Vietnam 1968, 2008
In 1968, in the western jungle of Vietnam near Laos, a Special Forces Company, under the command of an Australian Army Captain, supported by a Marine artillery detachment, occupied an old French fort, on a hill known as Ngok Tavak. The circumstances of the battle that ensued, and the subsequent retreat from Ngok Tavak, left in their wake issues that cried out for resolution for decades after the event. A number of American bodies were left where they had fallen during the battle, and another American, the nephew of Katharine Hepburn, went missing. After speaking extensively to the battle survivors and loved ones of the American warriors, and searching through accounts from official reports that included Vietnamese documents, eyewitness statements and war diaries, Bruce Davies has pieced together the evidence that will bring resolution to the questions that still haunt many of those connected to the battle. A story that needed to be told for the veterans who survived and for those who did not, for their families and for the sake of history. Lieutenant Colonel Brian Cooper (Retd), Australian Infantry, South Vietnam 1971-72Index, bib, ill, p.241.non-fictionIn 1968, in the western jungle of Vietnam near Laos, a Special Forces Company, under the command of an Australian Army Captain, supported by a Marine artillery detachment, occupied an old French fort, on a hill known as Ngok Tavak. The circumstances of the battle that ensued, and the subsequent retreat from Ngok Tavak, left in their wake issues that cried out for resolution for decades after the event. A number of American bodies were left where they had fallen during the battle, and another American, the nephew of Katharine Hepburn, went missing. After speaking extensively to the battle survivors and loved ones of the American warriors, and searching through accounts from official reports that included Vietnamese documents, eyewitness statements and war diaries, Bruce Davies has pieced together the evidence that will bring resolution to the questions that still haunt many of those connected to the battle. A story that needed to be told for the veterans who survived and for those who did not, for their families and for the sake of history. Lieutenant Colonel Brian Cooper (Retd), Australian Infantry, South Vietnam 1971-72vietnam - history 1945-1975, vietnam - special forces -
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)
Glass nipple shield associated with midwife Mary Howlett, c. 1866 - 1920
A rubber teat would be attached to the top of this nipple shield for breast feeding. From 1801 onwards, nipple shields were available in a variety of materials, such as pewter, horn, bone, ivory, wood, glass and silver. They varied in shape from a bell to a flatter, cap shaped appliance. With the application of the nipple shield, the baby was able to take milk from the breast without giving added trauma to the nipples. In the ante partum period the nipple shield could be worn to assist in drawing out flat nipples; or, as it was known during this period, for the formation of "new nipples". (Fildes, Valerie. 'Breasts, Bottles & Babies - A History of Infant Feeding', 1986) Mary Howlett (1840-1922) began practising as a country midwife in 1866 in the western district of Victoria. She qualified as a 'ladies monthly nurse' in 1887 and continued to practise as a nurse and midwife until 1920. She began her six months training at the Melbourne Lying-In Hospital. She was known by many as 'Auntie', and her career spanned more than 50 years. Mrs Howlett's midwifery box and contents were given to Dr Frank Forster, and he donated them to the museum collection in 1993. Glass nipple shield. Shape resembles that of a bell.infant feeding, midwifery -
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)
Transcript of lecture given by Frank Forster, "Mrs Howlett and Dr Jenkins: Listerism, and early Midwifery practice in Australia", 14 June 1965
This paper was read on 14 June 1965 by Dr Frank Forster at a meeting of the section of Medical History, Victorian branch, Australian Medical Association, according to Ann Tovell, who worked at the AMA and in association with Frank. It was likely that Frank Forster acquired the midwifery box belonging to Mrs Mary Howlett at the former Eastern market that was located on the corner of Bourke and Russell Streets up to the early 1960s.Mary Howlett (1840-1922) began practising as a country midwife in 1866 in the western district of Victoria. She qualified as a 'ladies monthly nurse' in 1887 and continued to practise as a nurse and midwife until 1920.She began her six months training at the Melbourne Lying-In Hospital. She was known by many as 'Auntie', and her career spanned more than 50 years. Mrs Howlett's midwifery box and contents were given to Dr Frank Forster, and he donated them to the museum collection in 1993.A5 size paper transcript of lecture. Reprinted from The Medical Journal of Australia, 1965, 2. Pages are numbered 3 to 21.midwifery