Rail will be duplicated to Eltham and a major bus interchange created at Greensborough under a $547 million public transport cash splash.News article 1 page, black text.eltham railway duplication, greensborough

Yields timetable information about the Geelong Belmont route, the last to close in Geelong, just prior to closure.Timetable, duplicated foolscap sheet, titled "City - Belmont Tram Timetable commencing Monday 5th March 1956". Issued prior to the closure of the Belmont line. Gives times to and from Belmont for each day.geelong, timetables, closure, belmont

Yields information about trams 40 at the Depot Junction.Kodak colour duplicate slide, white cardboard mount, photo by Keith Caldwell during on 14.9.1962 of: Trams 40 reversing at Depot Junction. Tram has the destination of Mt Pleasant and Lake Wendouree is in the background.In ink "Ballarat 40 14.9.62".tramways, trams, depot junction, wendouree parade, lake wendouree, tram 40

Duplicated sheet of foolscap paper, titled "Ballarat Tourist Tramway Passenger Survey", - form. Has two forms per sheet - layout different, but questions the same. Used 1975. Asks 15 questions.trams, tramways, btps, forms, surveys

Provides a history note on T class tramcar No. 180, the builder (Duncan and Fraser), alterations, use and retention by the TMSV. Gives the specifications and Data on the tram. Built for the MBCTT. The tram is on display at the Melbourne Tram Museum. Yields a brief history of Tram T 180Single page, spirit duplicated foolscap sheet, Research Note - "Tram T 180. Dated 18/4/1966, written by Keith Kings. Stapled to item 6502. Has the TMSV Heading on the sheet.tramcars, tramways, history, mbctt, t class, tram 180

Quarto paper duplicated notice titled "Notice to Employees - Remembrance Day Observance - Friday 11th November 1977", about observing two minutes silence at 11am on that day. Dated 3/11/1977.trams, tramways, notices to staff, anzac, remembrance day

1 hand written page of table cards for Caulfield Races for Wednesday 16 October 1968. Page is a spirit duplicated ("roneo") copy for use by Malvern, South Melbourne, Glen Huntley and Essendon depots.trams, tramways, table cards, timetables, caulfield, events, race traffic

List - 20 Foolscap duplicated sheets titled "AETA Victorian Division Members' Library", giving Rules, notes, last as at 1.5.1972, listing books, magazines, publications, newsletters, articles, maps, annual reports.trams, tramways, aeta, libraries, lists

This Gestetner Cyclostyle duplicating machine was invented and manufactured by David Gestetner. He claimed in 1922, once he had released several models, that if a Gestetner Durotype stencil was used together with his Cyclostyle machine, then 10,000 copies could be made from the one Durotype stencil, an amazing claim for office technology of that era. David Gestetner (1854-1939), was born in Csoma, Hungary. He has been called the “founder of the worldwide office copying and duplicator industry.). He moved to London and in 1879 filed his first copying patent. In 1881 he patented the Cyclostyle stylus (or pen), which was used in conjunction with his Cyclograph device for copying text and images, He established the Gestetner Cyclograph Company in England at this time (1881) to protect his inventions and to produce his products; stencils, stylos (stylus or pen) and ink rollers. HIs inventions included nail-clipper and the ball-point pen (although the latter is more commonly associated with Laszlo Biro). Gestetner’s patented Cyclograph duplicator was used with his Cyclostyle Stylus or pen to write or draw on special thin wax-coated stencil paper (originally used for kite making paper) in the following way; 1. The Cyclostyle stencil was placed on a lower, framed metal plate of the Cyclograph 2. An upper frame was clipped over the top 3. The Cyclostyle pen, with its tip being a small metal-spiked or toothed wheel, was used to write or draw on the stencil, punched small holes into the paper and removed the wax coating in those places 4. The upper frame and stencil was then removed and a piece of blank paper was placed onto the metal plate in the lower frame and the upper frame with stencil was replaced 5. A roller was given an even distribution of Cyclostyle ink and rolled by hand over the stencil in the frame. This forced the ink through the holes in the stencil to and made a copy of the stencil on the paper 6. The upper frame was raised, the printed paper removed and another blank sheet was put into place. The whole process was repeated until enough copies were made. Gestetner’s invention developed further in 1894, with a stencil that could be placed on a screen on a revolving drum. The drum was manually rotated, the stencil then wrapped around another drum and was fed between cloth-covered rollers on which ink was evenly spread. Each revolution of the drum forced ink through the holes in the stencil and transferred the ink onto paper that had been fed between rollers and pressed against the drum. The process was repeated for each page. The paper was still fed and removed manually in this earlier invention but became more automatic in later models. In 1902 Gestetner duplicator model 6 was put onto the market. This model included the improvement of an automatic paper feed that synchronised with the rotation of the stencil. The Gestetner machine was the first office printing machine. It was easily installed and it made exact copies of the sane document quickly, effectively and inexpensively. This changed the way offices operated, making information easily available to many more users. The machines were commonly used in small businesses, schools, churches, clubs and other organisations for the wide distribution of a wide variety of information in the form of worksheets, newsletters and more. In 1906 the Gestetner Works were opened in Tottenham Hale, North London, and thousands of people were employed there up until the 1970’s. Due to the fast growing success of the Gestetner Duplicator machines many international branches for sales and service centres were established. David Gestetner was succeeded by his son Sigmund, followed by his grandson’s David and Jonathan. Further advancement was made by using a manual typewriter with specifically designed stencils. The end product was a printed, typewritten copy similar to the print from newspapers and booklets. In the next few years there were further developments of this revolutionary invention. The Gestetner Cyclostyle duplicator in our Collection is dated c.1922 - 1929 and it uses Gestetner Durotype stencils The 1922 British Industries Fair’s catalogue contained advertising for the Gestetner Rotary Cyclostyle “The World’s Premier Duplicator”, demonstrated at Stand K 86.” A Notice at the foot of the advertisement’s page boasts "Important - D Gestetner's latest invention, the "Durotype" Stencil, enables you to obtain 10,000 copies from one original if desired. It contains no wax of any description, is indestructible, can be stored indefinitely and printed from as required” In 1929 the look of the Gestetner machines changed; American designer Raymond Loewy was invited by Gestetner to improve the look of his duplicators, resulting in a very streamlined appearance. Eventually, around 1960’s, offices replaced their Gestetner with small photocopying machines and printers. Gestetner took over ownership of other office machine companies over time, including Nashua, Rex Rotary, Hanimex and Savin and eventually all came under the holding company name of NRG (Nashuatech, Rex Rotary and Gestetner). In 1996 Ricoh acquired the Gestetner Company, and it was renamed the NRG Group. REFERENCES Cyclostyle, Stencil Duplicating Machines, antique Copying Machines, Early Office Museum, http://www.officemuseum.com/copy_machines.htm Duplicating machines, Wikipedia Duplicator, Collection online, Canada Science and Technology Museums Corporation http://techno-science.ca/en/collection-research/collection-item.php?id=1989.0229.001 Gestetner duplicators, Totterham-Summerhillroad.com http://tottenham-summerhillroad.com/gestetner_duplicators_tottenham.htm Gestetner Duplicator, V&A Museum http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O322014/gestetner-duplicator-duplicator-loewy-raymond-fernand/ Gestetner, Grace’s Guide to British Industrial History, http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Gestetner Duplicating machines such as this one revolutionalised access to copies of printed material, changing the way that educational bodies, offices, small businesses and community clubs and charities operated.Duplicating machine, Gestetner Cyclostyle Durotype, a stencil-method duplicating machine with two rotating drums plus rollers. Hand operated, tabletop office machine. Front has folding Bakelite handle, oil filling hole, calibrating gauge with scale, and copy counting meter. Right side has printed manufacturer’s plate that slides out as a paper output tray. Left side has metal plate with protrusions and perforations, plus another similar plate that is detached. It also has a metal frame attached [that would have been used to hold a paper input board, adjusted for various sizes of paper]. Cover, metal, with folding wooden handle on top, attaches to base with metal clips. Inscriptions printed on machine, mostly in gold-coloured paint. Round metal manufacturing plate is stamped with Serial Number 95759. Made by D. Gestetner, London, c.1922-1929Maker’s plate “MANUFACTURED / BY / D. GESTETNER LTD, / No. 95759 / CYCLOSTYLE WORKS / TOTTENHAM HALE / LONDON, N” Copy counting meter shows “1 4 6 4 8 [space]“ copies. Calibrating gauge has divisions with numbers “0 1 2“, labelled “← [left arrow] “TO PRINT LOWER” and “→ [right arrow], TO PRINT HIGHER”. “The Gestetner”, “Cyclostyle”, “Gestetner” (Trade Mark), Right side print of manufacturing details includes “The / Gestetner / TRADE MARK” And “THE FOLLOWING TRAFE MARKS / - - - OF INK, STENCILS / - - - AND GUARANTEE OF PERFECT / - - - BOTH - - - AND MACHINE” and “CYCLOSTYLE / DUROTYPE / GESTETNER” and “D. Gestetner” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, office machine, copying machine, gestetner machine, duplicating machine, duplicator, stencil machine, gestetner cyclograph company, cyclograph, cyclostyle, d. gestetner ltd, gestetner durotype stencils, gestetner cyclostyle, printing machine, office technology, durotype stencils, david gestetner, raymond loewy, roneo, rotary duplicatorten, mimeo, mimeograph machine, roneograph copier

Looking east along Main Road towards Bolton Street. Bolton street shops visible. Prior to duplication of Main Road35 mm colour positive transparency Mount - Agfacolor Service (Blue)bolton steet, bolton steet shops, eltham, main road

A colour photograph of the corner of Para Road and Main Street Greensborough in the 1970s, during the duplication and construction of the bridge over the Plenty River.Digital copy of colour photograph.main street greensborough, para road greensborough, plenty river bridge

These magazines were published fortnightly and distributed to the members of Orbost Apex Club. Apex clubs are volunteer service clubs whose members work in local clubs across urban, regional and rural Australia to raise awareness about social justice issues, assist the needy in a practical way and contribute resources to worthwhile causes.The Orbost Apex Club was a volunteer service club which contributed to the local community. As the population of the area declined so did the number of social clubs.Thirteen magazines which were a fortnightly publication of the Orbost Apex Club. Titled, The Corn Cob, it has a white cover with blue and yellow print. Inside each cover is duplicated material usually two sheets.On front in pen - the number of the issuemagazines orbost-apex corn-cob

Black and white photograph of road construction equipment used in the widening and lane duplication of Main Road, Eltham looking north from near York Street, the old Shire of Eltham offices visible in the distance on leftA1234eltham, main road, construction

Posters on hard paper of individual student designs for the NMIT Centenary Celebrations competition and exhibition by students in the Visual Arts department. A total of 60 entries were received. 57 posters held including a few duplicates.nmit, visual arts department, posters

Stencil typed, Duplicated forms on 1/2 quarto size paper to act as BTPS Ltd. Volunteer Workers Indemnity. See also Reg. Item 933.1 for earlier version of this form - un-incorporated Society.Niltrams, tramways, btps, volunteers, indemnity

Foolscap size paper consisting of two pages giving a listing of Melbourne Electric Trams route numbers, held together with staple at top left hand corner. Dated November 1957 Originally printed, then duplicated.Written inscription of route 67 on page 1. Additional route 67 on page 2.mmtb, melbourne, route numbers, melbourne trams

Brown cardboard Kodak Photographic Paper box, marked "Chief Engineers Tour 1960-1", containing many photos with many duplicates of his Scandinavian section. See Reg item 2700 for the actual report.trams, tramways, tours, overseas tours, chief engineer

Describes the removal of the bluestone bridge abutment on the north side of the Plenty River in Greensborough, to make way for the Diamond Creek Road bridge duplication.Photocopy of news articleplenty river, diamond creek road

Believed taken by Ian McCann Stawell's first Tourism Officer 7191-18 is duplicated in -35, -48, -49 which were removed Positive Colour Slides

View of Briar Hill Timber Yard (owner Fred Squires) from back fence showing sawdust pile and tower in background. Duplicate of 00291Black and white print on photo paperbriar hill, timber yards, sherbourne road, industries, briar hill timber & trading

Photograph of Lil Kuhnle walking through the remains of Camp 3. Copy of photograph original held by R & L. Kuhnle. Duplicate copy on foam.Black and white photograph of a lady remains of Internment Camp 3 site.on back: Lil Kuhnle - internment camp siteinternment camp remains, kuhnle l, dean clark

These statement sheets were intended for use at the wholesale and retail butchery of Charles Mehlert which operated in Nicholson Street, Orbost. This item reflects the history of a business in Orbost that no longer exists.Three statement sheets used by Charles Mehlert, a butcher in Orbost. They are in duplicate form with perforations between the copies. The top copy being for the customer and bottom copy for records. Two hole have been punched into the side for filing.mehlert-charles-butcher-orbost

The letters contained within this ledger provide an overview of correspondence which occurred around matters such as roadmaking and maintenance.Provides a detailed record of correspondence relating to engineering matters in the shire and surrounds and also a comprehensive list of organisations associated with this work.Dull grey green card with dark green cloth spine binding. Engineers' Correspondence Oct 15th 1937 - July 17th 1939 in black ink. Contains index at front and pink duplicate copies of letters written Inside front cover on paper stamp: Arnall & Jackson, Printers, lithographers, bookbinders, publishers, manufacturing stationers. 428 Collins St Melbourne. Repeat order No. B 92120 warrnambool, warrnambool shire, warrnambool shire engineer, j crwaley, road works, bridges, bitumen roads, shire correspondence, 1937-1939