On the 2nd of December, 1978, the official opening of the Rheumatism and Arthritis Association of Victoria's new headquarters, Action House, was held in conjunction with the inaugural Christmas fete. Action House was located on the grounds of the Royal Talbot Hospital in Kew. In this photo, four unidentified people are seated on the veranda during the official proceedings. B&W photo of four people sitting on chairs, on the veranda of a small building. Behind them and to their right, two other people can be seen near a doorway (one is standing, while the other is seated). On the left, some people's reflections are visible in the window.action house, rheumatism and arthritis association of victoria, raav, opening, news review, christmas family fun day, fundraising, royal talbot rehabilitation hospital, 1978

On the 2nd of December, 1978, the official opening of the Rheumatism and Arthritis Association of Victoria's Action House was held, in conjunction with the inaugural Christmas fete. Action House was located on the grounds of the Royal Talbot Hospital in Kew. In this photo, a crowd gathers around a car pulling a trailer. Standing on the back of the trailer is a person dressed in a kangaroo costume and boxing gloves. On the back of the trailer, there is a sign promoting a new film Australian called "Matilda". The 1978 film is about a talent agent and his boxing kangaroo. B&W photo of a crowd gathered around a car and trailer, which is promoting the new Australian film, "Matilda". Standing on the back of the trailer is a person wearing a kangaroo costume and boxing gloves, dressed as the subject of the film, Matilda, the boxing kangaroo. There are some market stalls in the background.action house, rheumatism and arthritis association of victoria, raav, christmas family fun day, fete, fundraising, opening, market stalls, news review, royal talbot rehabilitation hospital, australian films, matilda, boxing kangaroo, 1978

On the 2nd of December, 1978, the official opening of the Rheumatism and Arthritis Association of Victoria's new headquarters, Action House, was held in conjunction with the inaugural Christmas fete. Action House was located on the grounds of the Royal Talbot Hospital in Kew. In this photo, newsreader and broadcaster, Sir Eric Pierce OBE (1905-1997), assists 3MP radio host, Ralph Phillips, with the drawing of the raffle. B&W photo of two people standing in an open doorway. One of them is holding a microphone and a plastic waste paper basket containing raffle tickets. The other man reaches inside the basket to draw a raffle ticket.[on photo, in blue ink] Sir Eric Pearce Ralph Phillipi at RAAV Fete - RT Hosp. action house, rheumatism and arthritis association of victoria, raav, christmas family fun day, fete, fundraising, opening, news review, sir eric pierce, ralph phillips, 3mp radio, raffle, royal talbot rehabilitation hospital, 1978

On the 2nd of December, 1978, the official opening of the Rheumatism and Arthritis Association of Victoria's new headquarters, Action House, was held in conjunction with the inaugural Christmas fete. Action House was located on the grounds of the Royal Talbot Hospital in Kew. In this photo, four unidentified women are browsing at one of the trade stalls. B&W photo of four women browsing at a trade stall table. There are several other people in the background.rheumatism and arthritis association of victoria, raav, christmas family fun day, fete, market stalls, fundraising, action house, opening, royal talbot rehabilitation hospital, 1978

On the 2nd of December, 1978, the official opening of the Rheumatism and Arthritis Association of Victoria's new headquarters, Action House, was held in conjunction with the inaugural Christmas fete. Action House was located on the grounds of the Royal Talbot Hospital in Kew. This photo of the fete depicts a row of market stalls, with vendors and people browsing. B&W photo of various market stalls set up under a row of gazebos, with vendors and people browsing. In the foreground, a man is looking down at a group of boxes.[on photo, in pencil] trade stalls ; [on photo, in black ink] 2/12/78 Official opening of Action House (RTH, Kew)rheumatism and arthritis association of victoria, raav, christmas family fun day, fete, market stalls, fundraising, action house, opening, royal talbot rehabilitation hospital, 1978

The design of the bottle is called a Codd, sometimes referred to as a marble bottle or "Codd's patent bottle". During the mid-to-late 1800s, there were many inventions to keep the fizz in carbonated drinks such as ginger ale, soda water, and fruit drinks. Hiram Codd, an English engineer invented a successful process that he patented as "Codd's patented globe stopper bottle" in 1872. The Codd-neck bottle (commonly called Codd or marble bottle) is manufactured in two parts. The body of the bottle is cast in two sections. At the time of joining the sections, glass marble and rubber seal are inserted into the neck section. The lip is then applied to the top of the bottle. The Codd bottle is filled upside down as the pressure of the gas from the carbonated liquid holds the marble up and out of the way. When the bottle stands upright the gas pushes the marble up against the washer, creating a firm seal to keep the fizz inside. The bottle is opened by pushing the marble down firmly to allow some of the gas to escape. The marble drops down and is caught in a depression formed in the neck. When the bottle is tilted to pour or drink the liquid the marble rests in a dimple. Two Ballarat miners, Evan Rowland and Robert Lewis started manufacturing mineral and aerated waters, bitters, cordials, and liqueurs in 1854, in a tent on the shores of Lake Wendouree Ballarat. Another 13 firms at that time employed manual operations, whereas they introduced Taylor's No. 1 machine that speeded up the process and laid the foundation for their fortune. Evan Rowland was a pioneer in the aerated water trade in Australia. He was born on August 2, 1826, in North Wales. In 1852, during the gold rush, he emigrated to Melbourne, and in 1854 he went to Ballarat and formed a partnership with Robert Lewis, the firm being called ‘‘Rowlands & Lewis’’. Their next step was to secure a supply of pure water. Using mineral Waters that they found via a natural spring at Warrenheip, Victoria. From the outset, the beverages made from this water gained repute and were in great demand. Their business prospered so well that in 1858 they were able to build a factory at the corner of Sturt and Dawson Streets, Ballarat, and to fit with the most up-to-date machinery then in use. By 1870 their business had increased so much and demand had grown to such an extent that Mr. Rowlands erected another factory, covering over an acre of ground at the corner of Dana and Doveton Streets, costing £13,000. The factory was fitted with the most modern equipment of the time to manufacture cordials and aerated water. In 1873 Rowlands established an agency at 116 Collins St, Melbourne, because the demand for the products of the Melbourne factory became so large. The company expanded to Sydney opening a factory at the corner of Burns & Hay Streets Darling Harbour obtaining spring water to supply this plant from Katoomba in the Blue Mountains. The water was brought to Sydney by rail. In the meantime, the Melbourne concern had progressed so rapidly that in 1888 a magnificent factory embodying all the latest ideas and equipment was built in King Street Melbourne. Robert Lewis was a fellow Welshman born in 1816, and he arrived in Port Phillip in 1853 and became a partner in the early day with Evan Rowland but with lesser and shorter involvement in the firm, from which he retired in 1876. Robert Lewis was perhaps better known as Ballarat's first mayor and a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was a strong supporter of local charities, president/treasurer of the Eisteddfod Committee, a major force in the development of the Ballarat Hospital, and he was the mayor of Ballarat five times, the first in 1863, (having been a counsellor as early as 1859) and for the last time in 1881. Lewis died in 1884 of a stroke in Ballarat. Rowlands continued in the firm and invented and patented an improved soda water bottle. The water used in Rowlands products was filtered four times but his attempts to use local corks failed on quality grounds. He was a stickler for quality, which was so good that many outside Victoria were prepared to pay the 'premium' imposed by inter-colonial customs duty payable at that time. By the 1890s, Rowlands had factories in Ballarat, Melbourne, Sydney, and Newcastle. He died in 1894 but his company continued until well after the Second World War when it was sold to Schweppes. Bottles such as this popular brand, containing soda water, were often used on paddle steamers for refreshments.An early manufacturing process producing the first mineral waters in Australia was invented and developed by an early Welsh migrant to Australia. The Evan Rowlands story gives an insight into the early development of manufacturing industries in Australia that allowed their workers and the towns they were situated in to prosper and develop into what they are today. A good example of hand blown glass.Bottle; clear glass Codd neck bottle with small marble in top. Once contained soda water or soft drink. Manufactured in 1921 by E. Rowlands of Ballarat, Melbourne, Katoomba and Sydney. The bottle is 'recyclable' - the message on the base says that it remains the property of E. Rowlands Pty Ltd. Inscriptions on three adhesive labels at time of donation"E. ROWLANDS BALLARAT MELBOURNE KATOOMBA AND SYDNEY". Imprinted into bas "1921" "THIS BOTTLE REMAINS THE PROPERTY OF E. ROWLANDS PTY LTD" On adhesive labels (3) " 1921 ON BASE (LASTED 1924) CODD PATENT 702" "SMALL SIZE. MARBLE TOP SODA WATER PAPER LABEL. USED" "ON PADDLE STEAMERS. POPULAR BRAND"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bottle, codd bottle, hiram codd, glass marble bottle, e. rowlands bottle manufacturer, soda bottle australia, early recyclable bottle, codd's patent bottle, marble bottle, refreshments, soda water, marble top, 1920s, codd patent 702, handmade, blown

A5 size publication of the Gipps-Land Gate, March 1971. 20 pages, featuring a drawing of The Old Stone Bridge (1867-1919) on the cover. Jump Aboord the Dog Cart and Travel Back To The Dandenong of 115 Years Ago A Place Called Dandenong Last Post Office this side of Melbourne A Century of Dandenong Agricultral Shows A Red Letter Day Ninety Years Ago Official Opening of Foster Street State School Contractor Lost £300 On The Job Dandenong Football Team Back In 1918 Harking Back to 1856 Interesting Milestones The Dandenong Cemetery First Burial An Aboriginal? Another Landmark Disappears Looking Back 75 Years Ago Origin of Dandenong Street Names An interesting group of Early Dandenong Businesses and Personalities back in the 1870'shotel history, early education in dandenong, interesting milestones, origin of street names

Ill, index, p.192.A chronological history of the conflict from the opening shots at Sarajevo in June 1914 to the armistice in November 1918. All of the major war theaters are covered, as is the fighting in the air and sea. The dated entries also discuss espionage, home fronts, politics, and technology. Contains 400 photographs and maps.world war 1914-1918 - history, world war 1914-1918 - photographic record