The wooden patterns are part of a set that are stored in a strong wooden crate. It was used at Briggs’ Brass Foundry for making sand casts. It may fit together with one of the other patterns with a similar outline. The traditional craft of sand casting is over 2000 years old. The handcrafted process produces brass and copper alloy goods that are well suited to marine use; bells, boat hooks, cowls, propellers, handles, lids, rowlocks, hooks, letters, bolts, rail holders, brackets, deck plates, flanges, rudder guides, portholes and covers. Briggs’ Bronze mixture is a copper-based alloy made from local ingots of copper, tin, zinc and lead in carefully measured quantities. The finished product is non-ferrous and can last indefinitely. The crate of patterns was donated by the Briggs family in the early years of Flagstaff Hill, along with other related items such as brassware, tools and machinery. The donated items were displayed in a simulated Brass Foundry in the Village along with other working crafts, trades and services found in a Maritime town. The items were on show from the completion of the building in 1986 until 1994 when the building was repurposed. The patterns represent the trades of foundering and metalwork, both supporting maritime industries such as shipwrights and boatbuilders. Farmers, manufacturers and other local industries also needed the castings made by foundries. The Brass Foundry included a historic Cornish chimney set up as a working model, to tell the story of smelted metal heated in furnaces then be poured into the sand moulds. This chimney was made from specially curved bricks and is now about two-thirds of its full height when originally located at the Grassmere Cheese factory. The craft of sand-casting from carved wooden patterns to create metal is an example of skills from the past that are still used today. The foundry pattern set is significant for its association with brass foundries locally and generally in coastal areas of Victoria. Marine industries such as ship and boat building rely on good quality castings for their machinery, equipment and fittings. Briggs Brass was especially formulated using non-ferrous metals to ensure their longevity. The patterns are associated with the long-running firm Briggs Brass Foundry that specialised in cast goods for the marine industry, ready to supply the needs for once-off or mass-produced items. Their products would have been fitted to sail and steam vessels along coastal Victoria including Warrnambool. Briggs Marine was also a bell-founder specialist and is also associated with the Schomberg Bell at Flagstaff Hill, having restored it to is former state as a fine example of the bell from a luxury migrant vessel from the mid-19th century. Pattern; a pair of blocks that form a rectangle with a carved centre hole and disc shape inside. The block is made from laminated pieces of wood with cut corners. Both sides have four drilled holes in a square configuration but in different positions. The cut faces and the space carved into them are painted red; one piece has two dowel pins that fit into two drilled holes on the other. The pattern is part of a set of foundry patterns from Briggs Brass Foundry.flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, briggs' bronze, traditional method, trade, sand cast, cast, brass alloy, copper alloy, pattern, mould, foundry, brass foundry, metal foundry, casting, sand mould, sand casting, marine equipment, marine tools, marine fittings, copper tin zinc lead, non-ferrous, non-corrosive, brassware, metalware, foundering, metalwork, maritime, bell founders, ship chandlers, marine products, biggs, briggs family, herbert harrison briggs, h h briggs, george edward briggs, cyril falkiner mckinnon briggs, cyril briggs, briggs & son brass foundry, h h briggs & sons foundry, briggs marine, alliance casting & engineering solutions, grassmere cheese factory, cornish chimney, curved bricks, collingwood, moorabbin, collingwood foundry, moorabbin foundry, 1912

This baker’s wagon (or cart) was used to transport and deliver bread and other baked goods in the Warrnambool area. It is currently decorated with signwriting advertising H.H. Smith, Baker who owned and operated his Warrnambool bakery in the late 19th and early 20th century. The design of this baker’s wagon is similar to others dating around the 1930’s and 1940’s and was likely to have been built around that time for Stephenson’s Bakery in Warrnambool. The wagon’s original internal shelves were removed due to it being used in the early days at Flagstaff Hill to give children rides around the Village. BAKERS’ HISTORY There were many bakeries in Warrnambool in the 19th to mid-20th century. Each bread bakery made bread deliveries by horse and wagon in their appointed delivery zone. This wagon has sign writing representing Smith’s bakery although it is most likely the delivery wagon of Stephenson’s bakery. SMITH’S BAKERY – as shown on the wagon’s signage Henry Huntington Smith (1857-1941) was born and educated in Warrnambool. He worked at Davis’ steam biscuit factory in Timor Street before he started his own bakery business in 1885 at a premises near the corner of Fairy and Koroit Streets. A few years later Smith built his new bakery on the corner of Fairy and Lava Street where it still stands today as Monaghan’s Pharmacy. The building was designed by James McLeod in 1892 as a bakehouse, shop and residence for Smith The address was known locally as Smith’s corner. Next door to the bakery, at 136 Fairy Street, were Stables built by Jobbins and McLeod in 1886 for William Cust. A photograph in the archives of the Warrnambool and District Historical Society shows the 1892 building with four fancy horse-drawn wagons on the street with white clad drivers and a promotional stand erected with 5 bakers in uniform and the signage “H H Smith & Co, Pastry Cooks and Confectioners”. One of the wagons appears to have “H H Smith” painted on the side. H.H. Smith & Co. placed an Advertisement in the Weekly Times in December 1896 promoting its business as bakers, confectioners and pastry cooks, praising their shop as an ‘ornament to the town’ with ‘neat appointments’ and ‘dainty decorations’. It also boasted that the business supplied a large number of customers within a twelve mile radius of Warrnambool. In November 1919 The Warrnambool Standard announced the marriage of Henry H Smith, Mayor of Warrnambool, to Jeannie Samson-Goodman in East Adelaide. In the same newspaper was a notice that Frank Crossley was to open as baker and pastry cook in H.H. Smith’s premises. As well as being the proprietor of the H.H. Smith Bakery, Henry Huntington Smith was a Councillor for the Warrnambool Municipality from 1913 – 1937 and Mayer for two terms. In December 1919 during his first term as Mayor he was honoured for the work he had done with returning soldiers after World War I, receiving a document in recognition of this work, presented by the Mothers, Wives and Sisters of returned soldiers. Smith was very interested and involved in the community in many roles, including being the Vice President of the first Warrnambool and District Historical Society. STEPHENSON’S BAKERY – believed to be the past owner of the wagon The last owner of the bakery was Harold Stephenson. Stephenson was enlisted in the A.I.F. and was invalided home in 1943 before the end of the Second World War. He also served as a Councillor 1958-1976, during which time he served six terms as Mayor for the City of Warrnambool (1966-1973) while he had the bakery. He was very involved in many local organisations including the Warrnambool Surf Life Saving Club and the Road Race Committee. He died in 1985, lauded as being one of Warrnambool’s “most distinguished civic leaders”. It has been said that the baker injured in World War II invented a special contraption to enable him to get up into the wagon and that he alerted his customers that he was in their vicinity by blowing a whistle. The customers would come out and choose their own bread from the back of his wagon then pay him for it. However another account is given by a man who once earned pocket money by helping the baker on his rounds. He says that it was Stephenson, the owner and manager of the bakery, and not the delivery baker who received a significant injury during the war, making him unable to climb the stairs of his upstairs accommodation at the bakery, therefore causing him to sleep downstairs. At this time in the early to late 1940’s Stephenson’s bakery had three wagons, one for each of the delivery rounds. The wagons were painted black and yellow. Two of the drivers were Stan Lake and Ali (Alec) Dean who both had wagons with the covered cabin design. The third driver was Bill Lake who had a flat wagon. Stan Lake delivered in the area around Lava and Koroit Streets, Ali Dean had another round and Bill Lake had the Dennington area. Bread continued to be delivered into the 1960’s but by this time the delivery vehicles were motorised. The goods produced at Stephenson’s bakery included breads baked in different shaped tins such as High Tin, Sandwich and Vienna. Some shapes were easily divided into half by breaking them apart, therefore the baker could make two quarter loaves from a half loaf, satisfying different needs. There was the option of white or brown bread, sweet buns, fruit buns and Boston buns. The baker’s assistant was known to take great delight in ‘trimming’ the broken halves of excess bread and crust, enjoying his treat. THE BAKERY PREMISES – South east corner of Fairy and Lava Streets, Warrnambool The building retains the original cast iron veranda. Above the veranda a motif of a wheat sheaf in ornamental plaster can be seen. Inside the building there are still has some of the original fittings. The building was classified by the National Trust in August 1979. After the Second World War an official system of zoning was introduced as a fair way for the baking industry to operate. In 1949 different pricing was introduced by the Government for either delivered or retail purchased bread. Many of the small local bakeries went out of business after the Government banned zoning. The way was made open for the larger bread manufacturers to enter the local market with cheaper prices. Some of those companies were Mc Queens, Tip Top, Twisties, Sunicrust, (Mc Queens ‘new’ bakery building was where the current Toyworld shop now stands, is, in the Ozone carpark.) O’Grady’s Bakery, later changing hands and known as Burkes Bakery, was in Fairy Street near Timor Street intersection, on the North West side. There was also a bakery named Almay. The baker’s wagon is significant because of its association with H.H. Smith’s Bakery in Warrnambool.. The H.H. Smith’s Bakery building on the corner of Fairy and Lava Streets, built in 1892, is classified by the National Trust, August 1979. Smith Street Warrnambool was named after Henry Huntington Smith, who was a Warrnambool Councillor 1913 – 1937 and Mayor 1919 – 1921. Baker’s wagon, often referred to as a baker’s cart. Four wheeled horse-drawn delivery wagon, front wheels smaller than rear wheels. Wagon is clad with metal sheets and lined with varnished timber panels. Wheels have metal rims, wooden spokes and rear wheels have wooden brake pads. Horse shaft is timber with metal fittings. Front has a metal lamp holder, brake lever, metal hand grips and decorative metal foot plates. The wagon has suspension leaves on back and sides and double suspension leaves on the front. Driver’s area at front has a roof, glass side windows and wooden box seat with hinged compartment accessing wagon storage area. Door above back of seat has buckled leather handgrip strap attached, door slides open for access to wagon area. Back of wagon has a wooden step and a split door; top door has ventilation louvers, both doors have metal latches. Wagon is painted cream with brown trim and signage and green step. Remnants of red and green paint are visible; underside of seat panel is painted grey. Wagon advertises H.H. Smith & Co. Baker, a Warrnambool business established in 1885, but is of a more modern design seen around 1930’s and 1940’s and most likely belonging to Stephenson's bakery. Brown signwriting on sides of wagon “H.R. SMITH & CO. / BAKER” Brown signwriting across front of wagon “BAKER” warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, great ocean road, baker’s wagon, h.h. smith baker, warrnambool, henry h smith, jeannie samson-goodman, frank crossley, mayor of city of warrnambool, vice president of warrnambool and district historical society, stephenson’s bakery warrnambool, harold stephenson, warrnambool surf life saving club, road race committee, national trust building, stan lake, bill lake, ali dean, 19th and 20th century bakers, davies steam biscuit factory warrnambool, james mcleod building designer, jobbins and mcleod, william cust, h h smith & co, pastry cooks and confectioners, bakery trade, bread delivery wagon

A3 size sheet photocopy of an item that appeared in the Rockhampton Morning Bulletin on 28/1/1989 about the work done by the Ballarat Tramway Preservation Society. Article by Carolyn Varley of Rockhampton, discussing her visit to Ballarat and the work being done by the people in Rockhampton for the restoration of the Purrey Steam Tram at the same time. At time of interview, driver or motorman for the BTPS was Peter Winspur and Conductor Chris Jacobson. Has two photos, one of 14 heading south to Carlton St and the other in the depot with 33 on jacks on 5 road and 40 stored on 4 road.trams, tramways, btps, volunteers, rockhampton, purrey steam tram

Set of three photocopies of photographs from "Challenging Traditions - A History of Melbourne Grammar (Arcdia, Melbourne 2002) showing the cable tram winding house on the corner of St Kilda Road and Bromby St in 1919 and after redevelopment c1930. .1 - looking north with steam coming from the winding house. .2 - looking south east with winding house and surround buildings .3 - after closure and redevelopment of the site, looking north east. .4 - photo of the intersection of Victoria Parade and Gisborne St showing the cable tram track, cable trams, MFB and Eye and Ear Hospital. Shows the track layout partly. A photograph from a book "Melbourne from the Air"trams, tramways, st kilda rd, cable trams, victoria parade, brunswick st, winding houses, fitzroy

Pamphlet - single sheet four pages, titled "The Development of Melbourne's Trams", reprinted from the Dec 1965 issue of MMTB news, issued with the compliments of the MMTB. Item written by Keith Kings. Gives a short history of Melbourne trams and buses, cable trams, Doncaster tramways, steam tram (Cheltenham), electric traction, formation of the MMTB, Rolling stock, Bourke St, Preston Workshops and night buses and rolling stock.trams, tramways, mmtb, cable trams, history, doncaster, cheltenham, tramcars

Book, 80 pages, gloss art paper, in black ink with a yellow card cover in green ink, centre stapled, titled "The Bendigo Tramways" Details history of Bendigo tramways, its tramcars and the involvement of the various operators. Has maps and photographs. Written by Keith Kings and published by the Victorian Division of the Australian Railway Historical Society and others at the time of the closure of the Bendigo system. Has details of the various organisations that published the book on the rear cover.trams, tramways, bendigo, battery trams, steam trams, history

Book - 100 pages, plus printed colour covers on gloss paper, centre stapled, titled "Bendigo and its Vintage Talking Trams", authored by Sue Mackinnon, published by the Bendigo Trust December 1981. Has many historic photos of Bendigo, trams in the streets of Bendigo and its then fleet of trams. Gives a history of the trams in Bendigo, including battery tram, steam, ESCo, SEC, the Trust, Central Deborah Gold Mine and its trammies. Has a centre page colour photos of the mine and one of the Birney. In the top right hand corner is a green price label "4.00".In the top right hand corner is a green price label "4.00" and written in ink underneath "1981"trams, tramways, bendigo, battery trams, bendigo trust

Set of three Black and White photograph, mounted onto grey impressed and lined, brown rear, card of equipment at the Essendon or Ascot Vale Power House operated by The North Melbourne and Electric Tramways and Lighting Company. Photo by "Darge" Photos, 175 Collins St Melbourne, printed on the bottom right hand corner. .1 - Switchboard and wiring at the one end of the power station with attendant. .2 - View showing the engines and steam control equipment. (images i2 and i3 - close up of builders plate) .3 - View showing the generator ends of the engines (images i4 and i5 - close up of the buildings plate) - Browett and Lindley of Manchester, main engines. Reference photo on page 12 of "A short history of The North Melbourne Electric Tramways and Lighting Company Limited" - K.S. Kings, edited by Dean Filgate Dec. 2016.trams, tramways, power station, equipment, essendon, nmetl

Handwritten timeline on foolscap paper, titled "The Oakleigh and Ferntree Gully Steam Tramway Company Limited", giving years and events and reference documents with reference on the second page to a sketch plan from various documents. Dates 1888 to 1890. Map not with document.trams, tramways, steam trams, oakleigh, ferntree gully

Book - 100 pages, plus printed colour covers on gloss paper, centre stapled, titled "Bendigo's Vintage Talking Trams", authored by Keith Kings1996, published by the Bendigo Trust December 1981. Has many historic photos of Bendigo, trams in the streets of Bendigo and its then fleet of trams. Gives a history of the trams in Bendigo, including battery tram, steam, ESCo, SEC, the Trust, Central Deborah Gold Mine and its trammies. Pages 49 to 52 - colour pages including a map of the route and staff and volunteers 30/10/1996.Page 1 note in ink "To Charles 20/2/97 Keith Kings"trams, tramways, bendigo, battery trams, bendigo trust

Book - 56 pages including card cover printed on off white paper, centre stapled, titled "Tram to Sorrento", written by Arthur Winzenried, published by APW Productions Melbourne 1984. Covers the history of the steam tram operation from Sorrento township to the back beach. Including the operator G. S. Coppin, the locomotives, rolling stock, staff, stories and closure. Gives lists of shareholders as well.Has a $4.95 sticker in the top right hand corner.trams, tramways, sorrento, steam trams, horse trams, tourism

Photograph of a Rowan steam car with a combined vertical boiler unit which has been lettered "Melbourne & District Tramways", possibly to sell to a rail or tramway promoter - Photoshopped. Actual unit is of German origin, though the boiler unit is different to that used in the illustration. Collected by H H MatthewsYields information about sales promotion photograph Black and white photograph on paper. Has H H Mathews stamp on rear and No. 1015trams, tramways, steam trams, melbourne, fake photo

Photo Album, grey decorative front cover with a grey heavy card slip case, 30 leaves of heavy paper, each separated by a semi clear protective sheet. Compiled by Colin Jones with a title sheet "Trams 1883 - 1993" with Colin standing in the front of Brisbane Tramway Co. No. 47 at the Ferny Grove Museum. Bound with end papers. Photos retained by clear photo corners. Features photos by Colin of: Victor Harbor Surabaya Indonesia Melbourne cable trams, Sydney Steam tram in the UK Ballarat Bangkok Semarang Indonesia Adelaide Brisbane Melbourne Sydney Bendigo Launceston Osaka Japan Perth Kyoto Dalian Japan Fukuoka Japan Kanazawa Japan Hong Kong Sendai Kita Kyushu Hobart Lopburi Kobe Hiroshima Tokyo Matsuyama Japan Nagaski Various Museums in Australia. Sample pages only scanned.trams, tramways, melbourne, album, japan, indonesia, australian tramways

Photo Album, heavy card covers covered in blue plastic, four ring spring binder containing 28 clear plastic sheets allowing for photos to be inserted, 8 per sheet each with a caption sheet. Has on front cover, "Photos" in gold embossing. Compiled by Colin Jones, featuring postcards including horse, cable, steam, electric trams from: Victor Harbor Adelaide Christchurch Melbourne Bendigo Kilmore Auckland Dunedin Sydney Launceston Ballarat Wellington Hong Kong Includes many commercial, Museum and some bus postcards. The plastic sleeves may not be acid-free. Sample pages only scanned.trams, tramways, melbourne, album, australian tramways, postcards, new zealand tramways

Newspaper clipping printed from the on-line version of The Age, titled "Nostalgia validated as myki steams over tickets to ride", 28/12/2012 with a photo of Gary Davey holding some Metcard tickets. Article records the end of the Metcard system and the use of tickets. Written by Vince Chadwick. Also quotes Bernie Carolan CEO Transport Ticketing Authority.trams, tramways, metcard, myki, tickets

Set of five blocks each of four tram featured stamps issued for the "Australian Historic Tramways" 11 October 1989 by Australia Post. Features a photograph of Hobart Electric trams on the inside cover, with the five stamps behind a plastic sheet. On the front is a photo of Railway Square Sydney, the rear cover has a description of the trams and of Australian tramways. Five stamps, all 41c: Adelaide Horse Tram Sydney Steam Tram Melbourne Cable Tram Hobart electric Tram Brisbane Electric Tram. See Reg Item 470, Reg Item 471 to 474 for other examples and associated materials and 510 for a Poster. Contained within an Australia Post stamp packet.trams, tramways, stamps, australia post, cable trams, horse trams

Book or magazine - 24 pages + card cover, Light Railways No. 65, July 1979, with an full article titled "The Sage of "Sandfly" and the Lost Tribe", and sub-titled "Baldwin built 0-4-0 Saddle Tanks on 3'6" gauge", written by John Buckland. Looks at the story of 8 locos purchased from Baldwin by Newell & Co and their use throughout Australia. Gives details of their construction, use and disposition, including the use of builder's number 9086, built 2/1888 and sold to Sorrento Tramway Co. Ltd. Refers to the Norm Wadeson article, with three photos of the tramway operation.trams, tramways, sorrento, steam trams, horse trams, tourism

Colour print of a former Melbourne Z class tram No. 80, at the Drayton Railway station of Down Steam. Has the name "Drayton Diner" on the side.On rear in ink "MMTB Z Tram Drayton 6/10"trams, tramways, z class, preserved trams, tram 80

Illustration on an A4 sheet of cable trams and other vehicles travelling over Princes Bridge, 1888. Has St Paul's Cathedral under construction and extensive smoke from steam locomotives travelling under the bridge. Looks north along Swanston St. Photo print also held.Demonstrates an artists view of a busy scene of Princes Bridge.Photocopy and black and white print. Two copies held.trams, tramways, princes bridge, swanston st, cable trams

Illustration - colour engraving printed onto white card, titled "Princes Bridge" showing the planned St Paul's Cathedral, Flinders St Station, Princes bridge with cable trams and the Yarra River with steam powered boats. On rear - "Engraving of Prince's Bridge and St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne 1889" with a note that it was drawn before the completion of the cathedral the design shows in that intended by the Architect, William Butterfield and that it was from the collection of St Paul's Cathedral.trams, tramways, yarra river, st pauls cathedral, melbourne, greetings cards

Set of three Christmas Cards prepared by Peter and Patti Duckett and sent to Keith Kings Printed photo on exterior with red printed ribbons, photo corners on inside with another photo and gold block print and the Duckett's address. Photographs by Peter Duckett or from his collection. Items not dated. .1 - illustration of a Christmas scene featuring a small open platform saloon tram on the cover and a photo of a Bendigo open combination car with an open trailer. Detailed description. .2 - Bendigo steam tram on the cover and the inside cover - photos from Peter's collection and Wal Jack collection. .3 - featuring two scenes by Peter Duckett of trams at the Easter Fair. Used for 1998 card."To Keith" in ink. and "(12/98)"trams, tramways, christmas cards, bendigo, steam trams, charing cross, easter fair, sec

The photograph shows the interior of a Melbourne cable tram engine house, or powerhouse, with the steam cylinders and flywheels in the view. Location and date unknown.Yields information about the interior of an cable tram engine house.Photograph, black and white, plain papertrams, tramways, cable tram, engine house, power house

Set of two black and white photographs of The Sorrento Steam Tram. .1 - Steam locomotive and four carriages at the Bay Road Station with men standing and a lady passenger standing alongside. .2 - Postcard with the Sorrento Hotel in the background - station fence and platform in the foreground - "view from Bay Road Station to town's main corner and big Hotel"trams, tramways, sorrento, steam trams, bay road

Article commencing page 32 written by Colin Jones, titled "Tramway Heydays" looking at the rise and fall of tramways in Australia, including horse, steam, cable and electric trams. Has 14 large and 9 small photographs. Yields information about Australian Tramways and their historical context.Magazine - 92 pages - perfect bound - Vol. 1 No. 3 - Winter 1982tramways, colin jones, australia, melbourne, cable trams

Contains full colour photographs of Australian - Melbourne, Adelaide, Sydney, Bendigo, Valley Heights, Brisbane. Includes photo of a cable tram trailer and a Steam tram.Demonstrates production of calendars featuring Australian tram photographsWall Calendar - heavy card covers, 28 gloss art pages inside, titled "Trams - 2012" with a punched hole along the top edge to enable wall use.tramways, melbourne, adelaide, sydney, brisbane, bendigo, valley heights, steam trams, cable trams

Shows one of the Baldwin built 0-4-0 saddle tank locomotives at the Sorrento beach terminus with driver and conductor wearing a light summer jacket on the locomotive. There is a Mitchells Whiskey sign on the first carriage roof. See items 4243 and 1991 for further information on the tramway.Yields information about the Sorrento steam tram.Black and white photograph printed on plain paperIn ink on rear "Loco and car at Sorrento terminus"sorrento, steam trams, baldwin

Shows one of the Baldwin built 0-4-0 saddle tank locomotives at the Sorrento beach terminus with driver and conductor wearing a black jacket standing alongside the locomotive. Yields information about the Sorrento steam tram.Black and white photograph printed on plain paperIn ink on rear "Sorrento Victoria"sorrento, steam trams, baldwin

Shows the Sorrento Back Beach Hotel with a steam tram parked alongside a cutting. Has a number of people standing alongside the hotel. On the rear is a letter or message from a young girl to her father. Dated 20/2/1907 (a Wednesday) and has a 1d Victorian stamp. Yields information about the Sorrento back beach hotel.Postcard - coloured, titled The Back Beach Hotel Sorrento with a message on the rear.See 2nd image.sorrento, steam trams, postcards, hotels

Photograph Shows one of the Baldwin-built 0-4-0 saddle tank locomotives at the Sorrento beach terminus. The smokestack has been fitted with a diamond spark arrestor. Standing alongside the locomotive is a number of men including one with a long beard, wearing a top hatYields information about the Sorrento steam tram.Black and White photograph - with an "A crown M" logo and the words "Crown Copyright Reserved" printed on the rear of the paper.In ink "Front Beach Sorrento", with K J Magor and Peter Duckett stamps.sorrento, steam trams, postcards