Yields information about the design and construction of the depot extensions for the BTPS in the mid 1970's and has a strong association with Warren DoubledaySet of personal papers of Warren Doubleday concerning the extension of the original depot of the BTPS in the mid 1970s' Includes drawings, sketches, Letters In and Out, Specifications, calculations, Building Permit and General Papers. This includes plans of Bungaree, list of drawings held by Bill Kingsley at the time, and a report dated 25/4/1977 titled "First Report of the Expert Panel on Tramway Museum Safety Standards to the Chairman and Members of the Council of Tramway Museums of Australasia".trams, tramways, btps, depot extensions, cotma, safety

Laminated sheet - to fit into a pocket - prepared by Greg Rodgers for Camberwell Depot drivers using Park St Kilda Grand Prix services - give details of automatic points, safety notes, details of St Kilda Road points, and what Camberwell drivers are to do. Greg Rodgers advised 5-11-2016, made for the first Grand Prix 1996.trams, tramways, camberwell depot, grand prix, map, public transport, park st st kilda

Green plastic binder with a metal clip containing five plastic sheet folders, with notes for "Public Transport Challenge - Final - Friday 2 June 2006", commencing at the Town Hall. Produced by Environment Victoria and Metlink. Contains instructions, how the challenge works, rules, tips, safety, how to use the Metcard and First Aid. Has a map with checkpoint information and questions to be answered while participating.trams, tramways, metlink, public transport, events, competition

Chipboard base for a block mounted black and white photograph of Elizabeth St Melbourne at Franklin St. Has a stapled nylon cord on rear to provide a hanging method. Has tram W5 728 north bound to Brunswick on a route 18. In the background is the Argus building, printers of The Argus and The Australasian. Note the safety zone. Photo and story along with a photograph by Warren Doubleday of the same location September 2014 used in the October 2014 issue of Bellcord - see image i3. First two pages extracted only.On rear in ink at the top - "Donated to Hawthorn Tram Museum Feb. 19th 2012 Ron Scholten"trams, tramways, elizabeth st, brunswick, route 18, the argus, franklin st, tram 728

Black and white photograph of Frank Kuffer (MMTB Safety Officer) in St Johns Ambulance uniform demonstrating Resuscitation or mouth to mouth to a lady (model?) with Sir Robert Risson watching.On rear in ink "General Risson supervising Frank Kuffer's practice on a"trams, tramways, first aid, st johns ambulance, mmtb chairman

Magazine or newsletter cutting from an unknown source detailing an Honour for Frank Kuffer, MMTB Safety Officer, reporting that he had been admitted as a Serving Brother in the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. Notes other people from the MMTB. Printed mid to late 1970's, has news regarding a new MAN articulated bus.trams, tramways, first aid, st johns ambulance, safety, mmtb

Letter on Yarra Trams letterhead, dated 4/2/2013, from the CEO Clement Michel, on his first day in the job. Outlines the future visions of himself and Yarra Trams, culture, the team, safety and workforce.trams, tramways, yarra trams, safety, plans, keolis downer

Instruction - 108 pages + 9 fold out drawings glued and stapled in at the rear + card covers with red cloth binding, rounded right hand edges, centre stapled. Titled "Instruction Pamphlet S-100, Air Brake and Safety Car Control Equipment", published July 1924 by the Safety Car Devices Co. St Louis. Includes the M28 Brake valve. Describes in detail the rules for operation, parts, description, M28 Brake Valves, Maintenance, Practical car tests, hints, defects. The 9 drawings at the rear of the document give detail arrangements of the piping and control equipment. Book scanned into three sections. See also Reg Item 3513 for another similar document.on top of first page "C. Hodgson"trams, tramways, electrical engineering, electrical equipment, air compressors, brakes, instructions, maintenance, controllers

Report - 148 pages + card covers, perfect bound, titled "Public transport reforms - Moving from a system to a service", Special Report No. 57 by the Victorian Auditor General's Office, May 1998. Has a $10 Price label on front cover, purchased from Information Victoria 2-2-1999. Follows the implementation of the Public Transport Reform Project of 1993 looking at implementation and the outcomes. Notes that Government is moving towards a privatisation model. Has a table of contents. Gives a background, conduct of the audit, level of the Government subsidy to transport, reliability, cleanliness, safety, efficiency and the planned privatisation environment for public transport.Has in ink "K-S 2-2-1999" on the first page.trams, tramways, ptv, reports, transport, public transport

Set of 70 different types or blocks of Melbourne Metcards, passes and associated tickets contained within their own envelope and placed in a heavy duty black folder within photographic sleeves or sheets by the Museum. All collected by Maxwell Hayes, These comprise: Folder Sheet Description 1A Sunday Saver Dec 05 1B Zones 1 to 3 combination Adult - 3 hour 1C Deaffympic games Dec. 04 1D Fares and Travel guide Dec 00 single 2A Safety and Security - Set 4 - Oct. 03 2A Federation May 01 2B Arts Festival 05 2C Melbourne Landmarks July 2000 2D Zones 1 to 3 combination concession - 3 hour 3A Herald Sun - free ticket 3B Art Set 4 Sept 03 3C Arts Festival 05, single Oct 05 3D Worlds Masters games, July 02 4A First issue March 98 4B First issue March 98 with arrows printed on top 4C Celebrity set 10 complete - Set 2 4D Early Bird tickets - wrapped with a Metlink newspaper advert. 5A MMTB / MTA Single Journey 5B Pre Decimal tickets MMTB 5C MMTB Machine tickets 5D Decimal MMTB/ MTA check tickets 6A MetroCard 1981 6B City Savers 6C MMTB Day tripper 6D MTMB/MTA paper tickets 7A Prepurchased Section tickets 7B MMTB Machine generated tickets 7C Monthly travel permits 7D MMTB Railway checks 8A Seniors travel passes 8B Victorian Railways Motor coach 8C Prepaid Travel voucher 8D City Section - concession 9A Misc. - Bus Proprietors Association tickets 9B Night Rider 9C Skybus 9D Neighbourhood Monthly 10A Neighbourhood student passes 10B Zone 1 concession 3 hour 10D Neighbourhood family travelcard 11A Neighbourhood concession 11B Set of 6 Melbourne 2000 Millennium Metcards 11C Melbourne Art Festival 2000 - set of 6 11D Federation Sq Metcard - two sets 12A Melbourne International Comedy festival Metcards 12B Free Internet trial Metcard Oct 1999 - 1 off 12C Two packets of Soccer tickets Metcards 12D Myer Metcard 13A Painted tram launch ticket 13B VR Spirit of Progress Metcard 13C Give blood Metcard May 03 13D Commonwealth Games Metcards Feb 06 14A Private bus lines 14B Melbourne food 2003 15A Neighbourhood full fare and off peak 15B Zone 1 full fare 3 hour 16A Zone full fare 2 hours 16B Neighbourhood travel cards - first issues? 17A Zone 1 to 3 and combinations full fare daily 17B TheatreWorks Travel card - Storming Mont Albert 18A National Bus Company 18B Zone concession - 2 hour 18B Machine issued MMTB - alpha zones 19A Sex (Party line) advertising on reverse 19B Machine issued MMTB Alpha zones 20A Veterans travel passes 20B Special Passes 21 Sample tickets - introduction of photo cards 22 Sample of MTA Gold pins Detail scans of Veterans passes and single journey tickets made - see images i2 to i5trams, tramways, tickets, metcard, metlink, buses, passes, nightrider

Ballarat Grammar’s 23 acre site facing Forest and Howitt Streets, Wendouree was chosen carefully by the Committee set up by the Church Assembly (Synod) in November 1908. Classes began for the 38 boys enrolled on 14 February 1911. The first building accommodated 90 day boys and 25 boarders. It comprised the Headmaster’s residence, three classrooms, one large dormitory, a small bathroom, two cubicles for assistant masters and the matron’s room. During the first year the property was fenced, trees and cypress hedges were planted, a carriage drive was constructed and work commenced for the School Cricket Oval. Three Noopsi Badges celebrating 100 years of Anglican education at Ballarat & Queens Anglican Grammar School. These are beaded badges in blue, yellow and brown with "100" in yellow, mounted on a safety pin. "100" in worked in yellow beadsballarat, badge, queens, 100, cegs, 2011, bgs, noopsi, century-celebration, grammar-school, qceggs

Ballarat Grammar’s 23 acre site facing Forest and Howitt Streets, Wendouree was chosen carefully by the Committee set up by the Church Assembly (Synod) in November 1908. Classes began for the 38 boys enrolled on 14 February 1911. The first building accommodated 90 day boys and 25 boarders. It comprised the Headmaster’s residence, three classrooms, one large dormitory, a small bathroom, two cubicles for assistant masters and the matron’s room. During the first year the property was fenced, trees and cypress hedges were planted, a carriage drive was constructed and work commenced for the School Cricket Oval. Three Noopsi Badges celebrating 100 years of Anglican education at Ballarat & Queens Anglican Grammar School. These are beaded badges in blue, yellow and brown with "100" in yellow, mounted on a safety pin. "100" in worked in yellow beadsballarat, badge, queens, 100, cegs, 2011, bgs, noopsi, century-celebration, grammar-school, qceggs

Ballarat Grammar’s 23 acre site facing Forest and Howitt Streets, Wendouree was chosen carefully by the Committee set up by the Church Assembly (Synod) in November 1908. Classes began for the 38 boys enrolled on 14 February 1911. The first building accommodated 90 day boys and 25 boarders. It comprised the Headmaster’s residence, three classrooms, one large dormitory, a small bathroom, two cubicles for assistant masters and the matron’s room. During the first year the property was fenced, trees and cypress hedges were planted, a carriage drive was constructed and work commenced for the School Cricket Oval. Three Noopsi Badges celebrating 100 years of Anglican education at Ballarat & Queens Anglican Grammar School. These are beaded badges in blue, yellow and brown with "100" in yellow, mounted on a safety pin. "100" in worked in yellow beadsballarat, badge, queens, 100, cegs, 2011, bgs, noopsi, century-celebration, grammar-school, qceggs

.1 Full colour, A4 report printed on gloss paper, 16 pages, centre stapled titled "Public Transport community consultative Committee - First Annual Report 1993/94", reporting on the Victorian Public Transport Forum, Accessible Transport Consultative Council and the "W class tram implementation monitoring committee". Has a foreword by Alan Brown, provides membership of each Committee, meetings, Consultation, major issues, public transport safety, Upfield railway line, sponsorship of tram shelters and signage, Metcard, fares, public relations, on-train refreshment, First class fares, accessible travel, driver-only trains and trams. The W class committee look at the major issues, tram livery, advertising on the trams, deployment, storage and alternative uses for stored trams. .2 - Full colour, A4 report printed on gloss paper, 16 pages, centre stapled titled "Public Transport community consultative Committee - Annual Report 1997", reporting on the Victorian Public Transport Forum, Accessible Transport Consultative Council, City Circle tram promotion committee and public transport heritage advisory committee. Has forward from Robin Cooper, lists membership of every committee and gives detail of their work and project outcomes.trams, tramways, minister for transport, accessible transport, w class, advertisements, city circle, heritage

Book - dark grey Rexene covers, with title - "Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board - Rules, Regulations". Two sections, stapled and bound within heavy card covers, 80 pages with a typed index pasted inside rear covers, printed by Sands & McDougall, Melbourne. Authorised by W. O. Strangward Secretary 1923 and printed 1924. On first page, has number "6246" stamped onto the page. Provides the Rules and Regulations of the Board concerning Accidents, fire, general instructions, signals, uniforms, staff working, special instructions to Motormen and Conductors, tickets, safety for both Cable and Electric tramways. By-Law No. 5 provided on pages 76 to 80. On page 80 has the Seal of the Board and those who signed the document - Alex Cameron Chairman, Thos. O'L Reynolds Member and W. O. Strangward Secretary. Inside rear cover is a 12 page typed index to the rules in broken into sections for each letter of the alphabet - pages for M to O missing. Extract re Staff and ticket rules added 19-12-16 - see image i7. 2nd copy added 18-01-2022 Images revised - scanned in two parts. Copy No. 18812nd copy has "Inspector J H Cowrie" written on the inside front cover, 1st page and inside rear cover. Stamped "Malvern" in two locationstrams, tramways, mmtb, melbourne, cable trams, rules, regulations, safeworking

Australian Defence Industries (ADI) - two Capability Statements booklets: a) ADI red logo on front cover. Statement for "ADI Limited Group, Engineering". End of each page identifies: CS-JAN99. Table of contents on first page Vision Mission statements, ADI Ltd, ADI Engineering Organisation, Structure, Customer Profile, Projects Bendigo & Lithgow Facilities, Quality, Safety & Environmental Policies. Paper statements with thick card binding. b0 ADI red logo and plant photos on front cover with title "ADI's heavy and Precision Engineering Facility Bendigo Aust." First page statement Oct 1997. Next page contents includes ADI Ltd. and introduction to Bendigo Factory.local history, adi history

In the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution meant that shipbuilders could build ships using iron. These iron ships could be much larger, with more space for cargo and they didn't need as much work to keep them in good condition. Isambard Kingdom Brunel's "Great Britain" built in 1843, was the first ship to be built entirely of wrought iron. In the 1880's steel began to be used instead of iron. Ships also began to be fitted with steam engines although a great deal of coal was needed to travel even short distances. For this reason, ships continued to be fitted out with sails even though many came with engines. The iron-hulled, four-masted barque, the Falls of Halladale, was a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 on her way to Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold, along with 56,763 tiles of unusual beautiful green American slates (roofing tiles), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6500 gallons of oil, 14400 gallons of benzene, and many other manufactured items, were 117 cases of crockery and glassware. Three months later and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland at 3 am on the morning of the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members all survived, but her valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. ABOUT THE ‘FALLS OF HALLADALE’ (1886 - 1908) Built: in1886 by Russell & Co., Greenock shipyards, River Clyde, Scotland, UK. The company was founded in 1870 (or 1873) as a partnership between Joseph Russell (1834-1917), Anderson Rodger and William Todd Lithgow. During the period 1882-92 Russell & Co., standardised designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships over that time. In 1886 they introduced a 3000 ton class of sailing vessel with auxiliary engines and brace halyard winches. In 1890 they broke the world output record. Owner: Falls Line, Wright, Breakenridge & Co, 111 Union Street, Glasgow, Scotland. Configuration: Four masted sailing ship; iron-hulled barque; iron masts, wire rigging, fore & aft lifting bridges. Size: Length 83.87m x Breadth 12.6m x Depth 7.23m, Gross tonnage 2085 ton Wrecked: the night of 14th November 1908, Curdies Inlet, Peterborough south west Victoria Crew: 29 The Falls of Halladale was a four-masted sailing ship built-in 1886 in Glasgow, Scotland, for the long-distance cargo trade and was mostly used for Pacific grain trade. She was owned by Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow and was one of several Falls Line ships, all of which were named after waterfalls in Scotland. The lines flag was of red, blue and white vertical stripes. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the ‘windjammers’ that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have heavy seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new, raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck stormy conditions. This idea is still used today on the most modern tankers and cargo vessels and has proved to be an important step forward in the safety of men at sea. On 4th August 1908, with new sails, 29 crew, and 2800 tons of cargo, the Falls of Halladale left New York, bound for Melbourne and Sydney via the Cape of Good Hope. The cargo on board was valued at £35,000 and included 56,763 tiles of American slate roofing tiles (roof slates), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6,500 gallons of oil, 14,400 gallons of benzene, plumbing iron, 117 cases of crockery and glassware and many other manufactured items. The Falls of Halladale had been at sail for 102 days when, at 3 am on the night of 14th November 1908, under full sail in calm seas with a six knots breeze behind and misleading fog along the coast, the great vessel rose upon an ocean swell and settled on top of a submerged reef near Peterborough on the south-west Victoria’s coast. The ship was jammed on the rocks and began filling with water. The crew launched the two lifeboats and all 29 crew landed safely on the beach over 4 miles away at the Bay of Islands. The postmistress at Peterborough, who kept a watch for vessels in distress, saw the stranding and sent out an alert to the local people. A rescue party went to the aid of the sailors and the Port Campbell rocket crew was dispatched, but the crew had all managed to reach shore safely by the time help arrived. The ship stayed in full sail on the rocky shelf for nearly two months, attracting hundreds of sightseers who watched her slowly disintegrate until the pounding seas and dynamiting by salvagers finally broke her back, and her remains disappeared back into deeper water. The valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. Further salvage operations were made from 1974-1986, during which time 22,000 slate tiles were recovered with the help of 14 oil drums to float them, plus personal artefacts, ship fittings, reams of paper and other items. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson’s navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The shipwreck is a popular site for divers, about 300m offshore and in 3 – 15m of water. Some of the original cargo can be seen at the site, including pieces of roof slate and coils of barbed wire. This particular artefact was one of many found by John Laidlaw (a local Warrnambool diver) when diving on the Falls of Halladale in the 1960's. In August 1973, John Laidlaw and Stan McPhee went on to discover the underwater location of the Schomberg - a passenger ship that ran aground on December 26th 1855 near Peterborough and which now lies in 825 metres of water. When John Laidlaw died, his family donated a number of artefacts to Flagstaff Hill. The brass finial may have been part of a larger decorative item such as a lamp or clock bracket.This item is significant as it was taken from the Falls of Halladale shipwreck which is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes. She is one of the first vessels to have fore and aft lifting bridges. She is an example of the remains of an International Cargo Ship and also represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. The wreck is protected as a Historic Shipwreck under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act (1976)A brass, bell shaped object with a body approximately 3 cm high. It has an outer lip, straight sides that taper in and a flat "cap". The inside of the object is plain with evidence of vertigris. It has a decorative topping almost 2 cm high which has a double concave hollow neck.flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill divers, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, warrnambool, falls of halladale, falls of halladale wreck, shipwreck artefact, artefact, brass artefact, brass finial, brass fitting, shipwreck coast, diver, john laidlaw, finial, brass decoration, handmade

Bob Hymans Collection Bob (Herman) Hymans (a former member of the Royal Netherlands Navy was born in Bloemendaal, Holland on 30th September 1922. During World War II he fought against the Japanese in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) and was imprisoned in Changi and on the Burma Railway. After gaining qualifications as a Ski Instructor, Bob arrived in Falls Creek in May 1950. Working as an Instructor and Supervisor at Bogong Lodge, Bob decided his future was in accommodation. He was successful in negotiating an indenture for land from the State Electricity Commission (SEC). It took Bob two years to build his Grande Coeur Chalet but, tragically, it was burned down in August 1961. Bob also built the first Chairlift in Australia. This was a single chairlift and the structure was built from wooden electricity poles. He was constantly full of new ideas and proposals for the village. Bob Hymans died on 7th July 2007. This Collection of documents and letters tells the story of Bob’s endeavours to develop Falls Creek into the ski village it is today.This document is significant because it documents the design of the first chairlift at Falls Creek.Detailed specifications for the Construction of the first chairlift to be constructed at Falls Creek. It includes instructions for potential users regarding safety.chairlift falls creek, skyline chair lift, bob hymans

What was distinct about the Performing Arts Course at the University of Ballarat is it had students from a wide range of back grounds with an age range from 17 to 53 years. Students are keen to not only act but to write, design, direct, production manage, stage manage, design lighting and sound and create their own theatre. They also take responsibility for a large percentage of the decision making and administration. Artistic Director and Course Co-ordinator was Peter Tulloch. Ad Lib is a magazine produced by the students. It outlines the work they have produced during 1992. 1st, 2nd and 3rd Years sections outlines what is ahead. Profiles of three final year students - Miranda Crellin, Sandra Moon and Fiona Bennett.Four A3 sheets, folded to make 16 page magazine. Items include Editorial, Contents performing arts, write, design, direct, production manage, stage manage, lighting and sound, training, acting credits, skills, peter tulloch, director and co-ordinator, directing, theatre, screen, ad lib, magazine, 1992, editorial, first years, second years, third years, exhibition, miranda crellin, sandra moon, fiona bennett, lock up your daughters, too much punch for judy, community road safety, vic health, kruse collection

In 1964 the first White Cane Safety Day was proclaimed in the United States, to recognise the white cane as a method of independence for blind people and increase awareness by motorists to pay extra consideration to white cane users. Since then the recognition of White Cane Day has spread around the world including Asia, Africa and Europe. In Australia, Queensland was the first state to celebrate White Cane Day in 1978, followed by Victoria in 1979.Typewritten letter in brown frameOn the back: This proclamation of October 15, each year, as White Cane Day throughout the State of Victoria, was made by the Premier of Victoria, the Honourable R.J. Hamer as the result of a deputation by blind people from the Association for the Blind on Thursday October 12th, 1978.rupert hamer, association for the blind, white cane day

Ash Wednesday Veteran This Bedford M Series tanker spent its working days at the Forests Commission depot at Gembrook, and among its many forays, fought the deadly Ash Wednesday bushfires at nearby Upper Beaconsfield and Cockatoo on 16 February 1983. Earlier in 1975, the M Series tankers underwent a design change at the Altona North workshops, replacing the cylindrical water tank with a “V” bottom 4090 litre water tank that sat low between the chassis rails to reduce its centre of gravity. Aluminium heat shields were also added to protect the pump operators on the back. While generally considered "bulletproof" the petrol fuel lines on this particular model were very prone to vaporise in the heat causing the motor to stall, often at the most dangerous moment.... in this case frightening the hell out of its driver, affable knockabout bloke, and firefighting legend Lex Wade. Some jokingly said this design quirk was an inbuilt safety feature to stop crews getting too close to the fire in the first place. The Gembrook tanker was later sent into the workshop and all its brake and fuel lines fitted with heat resistant lagging. Fortunately, this remarkable bushfire survivor was rescued from the scrap heap by Lex and fire equipment wizard Barry Marsden upon its retirement from a loyal and lengthy service. After a lick of fresh paint and most of its battle scars "buffed out", this time-honoured veteran now takes pride of place at the Altona North workshop.Bedford M series fire tankerMZF 347fire pump, fire tanker, forests commission victoria (fcv)

These boots were manufactured by Oliver Stevens in Ballarat to the Forests Commission's own specification. Safety boots were a bit "hit and miss" back in 1981. As well as the steel toe caps these boots had a screwed, glued and stitched Sherpa-pattern rubber nitrile sole. The sole was oil resistant and didn't melt on hot coals. The yellow heels signified safety boots. There were two styles with different leather and staff were all personally fitted and given their choice of style. The only thing that has fundamentally changed over 40 years is there is much more choice and comfort in boots today. These boots proved to be the catalyst for boot manufacturers realising there was a market outside of the armed forces not being served. Ankle injuries along with elastic sided boots were virtually eliminated by these boots. The iconic Tasmanian company, Blundstone, had a work boot called "Forester" at the time. It had won an Australian Design Award and had a bonded Sherpa sole. Unfortunately, the soles tended to separate from the boot under field test conditions. Eventually they perfected the process Oliver Stevens' main issue was not being able to recruit enough workers to meet the increased demand. Info: Trevor Brown.First safety boots issued to Victorian forest firefightersYellow Back safety boots with leather laces. FCV marked on the heel fire fighting, bushfire, forests commission victoria (fcv), protective clothing

The Forests Commission developed the use of helicopters for aerial ignition from the mid 1960s. Bryant and May at Richmond worked with the Commission to develop a Delayed Action Incendiary Device. DAIDs as the were known, had an overall length of 180 mm, striker end length - 10 mm. Ignition end length - 80 mm, then a layer of high melting point wax (to prevent accidental ignition when rubbing together in transit). Both ends coated with a modified match head compound with safety fuse exposed length between coated match ends. There was a 17-second delay from when the small end was struck to an intense flaming of the large end, which lasted for 40 seconds. DAIDs were dangerous so were stored in a metal box outside the helicopter along with a disposable striker patch attached with a quick release pin to a special half-door. The first test was with a Bell 47G on 4 October 1967 and the first use, anywhere in the world, of DAIDs to backburn a large bushfire was undertaken in north eastern Victoria in February 1968. There was a crash of an FCV helicopter conducting aerial ignition near Wandiligong on 19 April 1978 with the tragic death of two forest officers and their pilot. The crash led to the immediate end of the use of DAIDs and the adoption of the safer Premo ping-pong ball incendiary machine which originally came from Canada but was modified at the Altona workshops. Overall, the development of aerial ignition techniques by the Forests Commission from the mid-1960s resulted in a steady climb in the area burnt each year…. peaking at 477,000 ha in 1980-81 and with an impressive 10-year rolling average of 220,000 ha around the time of 1983 Ash Wednesday Bushfires.Developed in Victoria for aerial ignitionLarge double ended match used for aerial ignition and back burning by dropping from a helicopterbushfire, forests commission victoria (fcv)