1959 was the first issue of 'Threshold'. In 1951 thirty girls started a junior technical course for the first time in Ballarat, under the Principal of the Ballarat School of Mines. By 1959 it had increased enormously with an enrolment of 284 students, and its own headmistress. The early school took place in the Dana Street Primary School and a large portion of the Ballarat Technical Art School. It was not thought necessary for girls to produce a magazine, but Joan Hood (Kirner) was determined that the girls would have the same opportunity as the boys. “When I went out teaching, I went to Ballarat Girls Tech, where I met [husband] Ron who was at Ballarat Boys Tech. They were seen as tough schools, and I saw the disadvantage faced by these girls who were at the lowest of the low of the education rung – and yet there were some fantastic girls there who needed equal opportunity. So I think it was teaching that cemented in my mind that people don’t get an even go – and in particular girls. It didn’t take me too long to realise blokes were largely empowered. And it was teaching that cemented how equity and empowerment for women could be achieved through education.” Sarah Capper: You graduated from Melbourne University in 1958, and as mentioned, began work as a teacher in Ballarat. You married Ron in 1960 and received one of those government letters asking you to resign - JK: Yes, I think it burnt a hole in my pocket when I brought it home! We were both teachers, and I said to Ron, “Well, you got married – where’s your letter?!” That really clarified that the world wasn’t quite even, even in this profession that I’d always wanted and loved. I didn’t get superannuation – I think I got something like 100 pounds as pay in lieu of permanent service. And that wasn’t just me – that was a whole generation. Fancy that – that’s what it said – “pay in lieu of permanent service”. So that made me livid. If I hadn’t been a feminist before then, I certainly was by then. I realised the distribution of power was different for women and men. http://sheilas.org.au/2014/02/a-bonza-joan-kirner/, accessed 06/06/2015 The four houses of the Ballarat Girls' Technical School were Bass House, Sturt House, Flinders House and Mitchell House. Orange and green soft covered magazine of 24 pages. Includes a message from the headmistress, Fay Moore, and a photograph of the Magazine Committee featuring teacher Joan Hook (later Joan Kirner, Premier of Victoria). Information and a photograph is given for the following personalities: Sandra McHenry, Sylvia Rowe, Heather Young, Beverley Davis, Lorna Robertson, Janice Hunter, Margaret Ayars, Margaret Veal, Heather O'Brien, Hilary Batt, Leone Davies, Marlene Drever, Janet Smith.ballarat girls' technical school, joan hood, joan kirner, fay moore, i.e. harris, faye hilton, marilyn miller, lesley cutts, margaret jones, moira blair, rosemary davies, lorraine button, vivienne guy, lorraine krankovich, loralie crabbe, beverley davis, shirley dean, lorrice campbell, hilary batt, valerie stewat, sandra mchenry, joy henderson

20 page A4 booklet. Black and whiterosalie gascoigne, annie taylor, gabrielle martin, stravinsky's lunch, drusilla modjeska, lyn pool, pat hillcoat, leigh hay, victorian guild of china painters, claudine top, margaret gurney, feminist art, debbie harman qadri

Booknon-fictionAnalysis of late 19th century American and European writing, art, science and philosophy exploring cultural misogyny. Discusses the attitude to women as having only sexual and reproductive roles and being depicted as symbols of evil, passivity and sensuality, and ever dependent, while men were free to follow financially independent public and intellectual lives. painting, feminism, sexuality, violence, symbolism, mythology, motherhood, darwinism, pre-raphaelites

Booknon-fictionAn anthology of essays by significant writers, critics and artists, edited by Catriona Moore, examining contemporary women's art in Australia. Includes definitions of women's and feminist art, reviews and critiques of exhibitions and individual artists. The first section includes articles reprinted from publications including Lip and Refactory Girl.Projects include 'The D'oyley Show', "Mothers, Memories and Others' Memories", and Lucy Lippard's visit in 1975.feminism, feminist arts practice, australian artists, community arts, the women's art register

Book non-fictionTraces the social, educational, and psychological barriers for women artists from the Middle Ages to the early 19th century to gain recognition, most relying on relationships with artists in their families to gain success. or conversely denied success through partnerships with male painters. portraiture, flowerpainting, miniaturists, still life

Booknon-fictionCollection of essays written by feminist theorists from several disciplines in Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the US, challenging 'western ' feminism, examining identity politics and intersectionality.post-colonialism, body, postmodernism, poststructuralism, theory, racism, globalization

non-fictionEssays on feminist art, art history, criticism and museum practices in 1990s Australia by writers, academics, artists.indigenous art, political art, gender, represenation, museology, photography, installation, graphic design, collaborative practices

non-fictionAn illustrated survey of public mural projects during the 1970's and 1980's in metropolitan and regional communities including feminist, Trade Union, and Indigenous projects.murals, trade unions, women's murals, indigenous, urban art, political art, community arts, community arts network, eve glen, carol ruff, sarah macnamarra, barbary o'brien, community arts board, geoff hogg, ann newmarch, merilyn fairskye, catriona moore

non-fictionAn illustrated survey of the work of the Guerrilla Girls with interviews, an essay by Whitney Chadwick, and four pull-out postcards by the Guerrilla Girls. feminist art, political art, urban art, street art, activism, posters

As the Yarra became unsuitable as a source of water, several attempts were made to find alternative sources for the growing population of Melbourne. It was not until 1891 that the efforts to sewer Melbourne came to fruition with the setting up of the Melbourne Metropolitan Board of Works (MMBW), now known as Melbourne Water. From 1891 until 1992, it was the responsibility of the MMBW to safeguard public health by providing a sewerage system and a safe water supply system. In 1992, The MMBW merged with a number of smaller urban water authorities to form Melbourne Water. The Australian Cerebral Palsy Association ran the Miss Australia Quest and had various titles such as Miss Queensland and Miss Victoria. One branch of the Victorian state competition was the Miss Victorian Government Service Quest. Terri Cott was one of the MMBW’s most popular representatives in the running for the title of Miss Victorian Government Service Quest in 1977. At the time, 18 year old Terri was an Administrative Officer in the Accounts Payable Department and had been with the Board for a year. Terri was crowned as the winner for Miss Victorian Government Service as she was the second highest money raiser with $17,337.72. This also won her a holiday on Brampton Island. Terri was up against 12 other women from other state Government Departments.This staff newsletter highlights the historically significant achievement of Miss Terri Cott being one of the most popular representatives in the running for the title of Miss Victorian Government Service Quest in 1977. This captured achievement not only focuses on Terri's external beauty, but demonstrates her charitable efforts. This newsletter article has historic and social associations with the many women's rights movements in the 1970s. In particular, it relates to the number of challenges the Miss Australia Quest experienced with feminist and activist groups threatening the future of the competition, which forced organisers to examine the appropriateness of the Quest. mmbw, melbourne water, miss mmbw, 1970s, staff

white matte finish CD-rom on which is a visual presentation of the history of Women's participation in democracy in Victoriavideos, sufferage, feminist movement, voting

p.317.fictionA political noverl by feminist author Ada Holmanpolitics - australia, australia - fiction

Index, plates, ill, p.411.non-fictionBiography of Maud Gonne, Irish revolutionary activist of the early twentieth century.maud gonne - biography, feminists - ireland - biography

Index, bib, plates. p.422.non-fictionA biography of Yeats' beloved, a central figure of Irish politics and literature around the turn of the twentieth century.feminists - ireland - biography, maud gonne - biography