The objects comprise a quantity of small calibre lead shot raised from the LOCH ARD shipwreck site by Flagstaff Hill divers in 1976. The Maritime Village’s collection has companion pieces. The three masted, iron hulled, LOCH ARD was wrecked against the tall limestone cliffs of Mutton Bird Island in the early hours of the first of June 1878. Included in her diverse and valuable cargo were 22 tons of lead shot, packed in cloth bags and wooden casks. Bulk quantities of lead shot, uniformly round balls of dull grey metal ranging from 2mm “birdshot” to 8mm “buckshot”, were routinely exported to the Australian colonies. Shot was used mostly as projectiles fired from smooth bored guns to bring down moving targets such as wild ducks and small game. It was also useful as ballast, when a dense, “pourable” weight was required to fill cavities or establish volume within a measuring container. The production of consistently round spheres of lead shot required the pouring of molten metal through a sieve and then a long drop through the atmosphere to a water filled basin for final cooling and collection. This “shot tower” process was first patented by William Watts of Bristol in 1782. His calculation of a 150 feet fall was not only to form evenly spherical droplets through surface tension, but also to provide partial cooling and solidification to each shot before they hit the water below. The value of his innovation was the minimising of indentation and shape distortion, avoiding the expense of re-smelting and re-moulding the lead. Lead shot was already being produced in Australia at the time the LOCH ARD loaded her cargo and left Gravesend on the second of March 1878. James Moir constructed a 157 feet circular stone shot tower near Hobart in 1870, with a peak annual production of 100 tons of lead shot sold in 28 pound linen bags. However colonial demand exceeded this source of local supply. The continued strength of the market for lead shot in the Colony of Victoria prompted substantial investment in additional productive capacity in Melbourne in the next decade. In 1882 Richard Hodgson erected the 160 feet round chimney-shaped Clifton Hill shot tower on Alexandra Parade (VHR H0709) and in 1889 Walter Coop built the 160 feet square tower-shaped Melbourne Central shot tower on La Trobe Street (VHR H0067). At its peak, the Coop Tower produced 6 tons of lead shot per week, or 312 tons per annum. HISTORY OF THE LOCH ARD The LOCH ARD belonged to the famous Loch Line which sailed many ships from England to Australia. Built in Glasgow by Barclay, Curdle and Co. in 1873, the LOCH ARD was a three-masted square rigged iron sailing ship. The ship measured 262ft 7" (79.87m) in length, 38ft (11.58m) in width, 23ft (7m) in depth and had a gross tonnage of 1693 tons. The LOCH ARD's main mast measured a massive 150ft (45.7m) in height. LOCH ARD made three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its final voyage. LOCH ARD left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of Captain Gibbs, a newly married, 29 year old. She was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers and a load of cargo. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. On board were straw hats, umbrella, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionary, linen and candles, as well as a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead and copper. There were items included that intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. The voyage to Port Phillip was long but uneventful. At 3am on June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs was expecting to see land and the passengers were becoming excited as they prepared to view their new homeland in the early morning. But LOCH ARD was running into a fog which greatly reduced visibility. Captain Gibbs was becoming anxious as there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. At 4am the fog lifted. A man aloft announced that he could see breakers. The sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast came into view, and Captain Gibbs realised that the ship was much closer to them than expected. He ordered as much sail to be set as time would permit and then attempted to steer the vessel out to sea. On coming head on into the wind, the ship lost momentum, the sails fell limp and LOCH ARD's bow swung back. Gibbs then ordered the anchors to be released in an attempt to hold its position. The anchors sank some 50 fathoms - but did not hold. By this time LOCH ARD was among the breakers and the tall cliffs of Mutton Bird Island rose behind the ship. Just half a mile from the coast, the ship's bow was suddenly pulled around by the anchor. The captain tried to tack out to sea, but the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. Waves broke over the ship and the top deck was loosened from the hull. The masts and rigging came crashing down knocking passengers and crew overboard. When a lifeboat was finally launched, it crashed into the side of LOCH ARD and capsized. Tom Pearce, who had launched the boat, managed to cling to its overturned hull and shelter beneath it. He drifted out to sea and then on the flood tide came into what is now known as LOCH ARD Gorge. He swam to shore, bruised and dazed, and found a cave in which to shelter. Some of the crew stayed below deck to shelter from the falling rigging but drowned when the ship slipped off the reef into deeper water. Eva Carmichael had raced onto deck to find out what was happening only to be confronted by towering cliffs looming above the stricken ship. In all the chaos, Captain Gibbs grabbed Eva and said, "If you are saved Eva, let my dear wife know that I died like a sailor". That was the last Eva Carmichael saw of the captain. She was swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He dived in and swam to the exhausted woman and dragged her to shore. He took her to the cave and broke open case of brandy which had washed up on the beach. He opened a bottle to revive the unconscious woman. A few hours later Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He followed hoof prints and came by chance upon two men from nearby Glenample Station three and a half miles away. In a state of exhaustion, he told the men of the tragedy. Tom returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. By the time they reached LOCH ARD Gorge, it was cold and dark. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland, this time by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. He was presented with the first gold medal of the Royal Humane Society of Victoria and a £1000 cheque from the Victorian Government. Concerts were performed to honour the young man's bravery and to raise money for those who lost family in the LOCH ARD disaster. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost all of her family in the tragedy. Ten days after the LOCH ARD tragedy, salvage rights to the wreck were sold at auction for £2,120. Cargo valued at £3,000 was salvaged and placed on the beach, but most washed back into the sea when another storm developed. The wreck of LOCH ARD still lies at the base of Mutton Bird Island. Much of the cargo has now been salvaged and some was washed up into what is now known as LOCH ARD Gorge. Cargo and artefacts have also been illegally salvaged over many years before protective legislation was introduced. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton porcelain peacock - one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today, the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artefact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register. The shipwreck of the LOCH ARD is of State significance – Victorian Heritage Register S417 Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from LOCH ARD is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. It is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417). The collection is significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the LOCH ARD. The LOCH ARD collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The LOCH ARD collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The collection is also historically significant for its association with the LOCH ARD, which was one of the worst and best known shipwrecks in Victoria’s history. A quantity of lead shot pellets retrieved from the wreck of the LOCH ARD. There are 242 loose 2mm pieces and 17 loose 4mm pieces. They are in good condition, with some shape distortion and sedimentary concretion, and shot tower made.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, lead shot, colonial industry, melbourne shot towers, victorian metallurgy, colonial imports

Yields information in movie film format of Ballarat trams in 1960, how the system operated and was used by people., Yields information in movie film format of Ballarat trams in 1960, how the system operated and was used by people.Movie film - 8mm, approx. 17.5 mins, with leader strip on a plastic reel, within a black and white plastic box, titled "Ballarat No. 1. 1960" contained with a cardboard box, 'Tuscan Super 8 and Standard 8 Spool and Can' . Has been transferred to DVD - see Reg item 4100 as Segment No. 1. Filmed and made by Ben Parle. Also transferred to DVD by Rod Cook Oct. 2015, via Roger Greenwood for use in his DVD, "The City of Ballarat Trams, Gardens & Gold" of 2016. See Reg Item 6883. Synopsis: based on time. 0:00 Starts with bogies cars crossing railway level crossing (34?, 39?) 0:30 SEC Logo 0:45 Ballarat Station sign and intro “Some City Scenes” 0:49 35 turning from Lydiard St Nth to Sturt St towards Grenville St with Commonwealth Bank in view. and then 42 returning 1:19 42 showing Mt Pleasant, turns from Sturt St into Lydiard St Nth 1:53 Tramway road works in Lydiard St Nth, near intersection with Mair St with Jelbart Road roller in use, starts with an SEC roadworks sign. 2:12 39 passing the works out bound to Lydiard St Nth. 2:46 Good view of the roller working before 35 arrives. 3:01 35 passing the works in bound with 3:29 14 crossing Lydiard St in Sturt St, towards Grenville St 3:47 Trams in City Loop 3:55 21 coming up the hill 4:04 31 entering Bridge St from Sturt St with Bucks Head Hotel in the background. 4:27 Overhead work at corner of Sturt and Lydiard, with view of the sign at the City terminus “Trams leave here for Sebastopol, Gardens, View Point.” 4:34 Passengers getting off and then onto 38, ex Lydiard St Nth at city terminus including a young lady wearing gloves and a wheeling a pram hurriedly the photographer. A number of other prams in the view as well as. The Conductor helps to unload the pram. 5:07 41 proceeding up Sturt St, appears to have just rained. 5:26 11 using the Dawson St crossover, with a motor car doing a U turn as well. 6:00 14 descending Sturt St towards the City, filmed at Dawson St. 6:11 Title “The Gardens via Drummond St North Line” 6:16 19 showing Victoria St, turning from Drummond St Nth into Sturt St. 6:28 30 inbound in Drummond St Nth, approach and trailing shots. Trailing shot ahs the hospital in the background. 6:49 31 outbound, Drummond St Nth, approach and trailing shots, trees are in autumn colours. 7:04 12, inbound Drummond St Nth, with Macarthur St in the background, stopping to pick up a lady, approach and trailing shots and then entering the Mill St crossing loop. 7:53 14 outbound in Drummond St Nth, dropping a lady passenger off and then turning into Macarthur St and then tram going away. 8:37 View of overhead junction at View Point Jtn. 8:45 View of “Cars Stop Here” sign and pole sign “To City Only” 8:55 30 inbound in Wendouree Parade, stops to pick up passenger, and then a trailing shot of tram entering Macarthur St loop 9:37 View of “Cars Stop Here”, “End of Section” and timetable boards at Haddon St. 9:50 34, pausing at Haddon St and then proceeding towards depot – approach and trailing shots, with “Warning Oncoming Trams” sign in shot. 10:27 “Warning Oncoming Trams” sign 10:32 34 crossing 12 at the Martin Ave loop 10:48 39? Wendouree Parade, near Barrett Ave, stopping and letting off passengers. 11:24 30 passing depot junction and then trailing shot of it entering Tram Sheds or Depot Loop and then proceeding towards the City. 12:11 Shot of the “Caution Beware of Trams” sign at the depot. 12:14 25 stopping at depot junction and then trailing shot of it going toward Forrest St. 12:47 12 passing Depot Junction, trailing shot. 13:07 Shot of :Electricity Supply Department, Ballarat Branch” sign at depot. 13:13 View of a destination showing “Depot” on a bogie tram 13:15 Title “Some Depot Scenes” 13:19 View of a trolley pole and then 13 leaving the depot through the gates, destination showing “View Point”. 13:54 View of trolley pole and then 32 stopping at the depot gates. 14:08 12 (Sunny view) running out onto Wendouree Parade and then a bogie tram approaching Depot Loop. 14:43 View of 42 running in with a single trucker behind in Wendouree Parade, and another single trucker running out. 15:02 Title “Some Scenes in the Gardens” 15:05 25 running through the Gardens, approach and trailing shots, near our Depot Junction. 15:55 View of “No Parking East of Loop” sign 15:59 View of overhead and then trackwork (with points removed), but overhead still in position at the Old Gardens Loop or Gardens South Loop and then 12 entering the loop from the south and then a trailing shot looking along the Parade. 16:33 View of “Cars Stop Here” and “End of Section” and then timetable boards at Gardens Loop. 16:55 View of 34 leaving the loop 17:14 Title “The End”Written labels giving title information on outside of box.trams, tramways, ballarat, sebastopol, lydiard st north, victoria st, mt pleasant, sturt st west

Yields information in movie film format of Ballarat trams in 1960, how the system operated and was used by people., Yields information in movie film format of Ballarat trams in 1960, how the system operated and was used by people.Movie film - 8mm, approx. 30mins, with leader strip on a plastic reel, within a black and white plastic box, titled "Ballarat No. 1. 1960". Has been transferred to DVD - see Reg item 4100 as Segment No. 2. Made by Ben Parle. Also transferred to DVD by Rod Cook Oct. 2015, via Roger Greenwood for use in his DVD, "The City of Ballarat Trams, Gardens & Gold" of 2016. See Reg Item 6883. Synopsis: based on time. 0:00 View of typed introduction, noting that this is a pictorial record of Ballarat. 0:10 Title “The Tramways of Ballarat 1960, Part 1” 0:16 13, showing “View Point” at Stones Corner, Bridge St, east end, with trolley pole being turned, while another single trucker heads out towards Mt Pleasant. 0:25 13 leaving Stones Corner, short approach and then longer trailing shot of the tram going towards the City in Bridge St. 0:44 View out of front of tram in Bridge St heading towards the City, with cars in the photo, then passing through city Loop, no trams in the loop and running up to Lydiard St Nth and crossing the road. 1:22 Running up Sturt St from Armstrong St, passes over Dawson St X-over and up to the next intersection, Lyons St. 1:54 Title “The View Point Line” 1:59 19 inbound, in Ripon St, from crossing Mair St, towards camera and then passing away and turning into Sturt St. 2:49 View of a “Warning Oncoming Trams” sign 2:52 19 in Ripon St, going to View Point, crossing Webster St towards camera, then going away through the disconnected Victoria Ave loop, pass the “Warning Oncoming Trams” sign. Note very windy scene with people running across roads. 3:17 19 in Wendouree Parade, in bound, though showing destination View Point, going away from the camera, past the View Point Hotel. 3:39 19 coming towards camera near Excerpt or Devon St and then going away towards the terminus. 4:04 19 at the terminus, stationary, with a single trucker 3?, passing from Macarthur St into Wendouree Parade, behind 19. 4:20 33 coming towards camera in Wendouree Parade from St Aidans Drive, stopping to pick up passenger at Forest St and then going away towards the City, photographed from near the depot, on a wet and windy day. 4:54 35 in Wendouree Parade, coming towards the Camera from St Aidans Drive and then going away with the Gardens Loop area in the background. Tram stops at stop to let a passenger off. 5:28 21 leaving Gardens Loop for the City via the Depot, green light in signal can be seen. 5:43 28?, closely followed by 26 turn from Drummond St South into Sturt St. 6:18 Scene opens with shot of “Sebastopol” destination on a bogie tram. 6:21 Title “The Sebastopol Line” 6:24 21 turning from Sturt St into Drummond St Sth with destination of Bell St and then going away from the camera. 6:55 38 in Drummond St Sth, coming towards the camera and then passing the camera with Sturt St just in the view. 7:10 21, showing Gregory St, in Drummond St Sth, approaching and then going away, entering the Urquhart St Loop, 7:39 34 in Drummond St Sth (location check required (Latrobe?)), approaches camera, picks up passengers and the goes away. 8:09 39 at ? Street, turns from Drummond St Sth into Skipton St, after picking up and setting down passengers, bound for Sebastopol 8:55 35 inbound in Skipton St passes through the Bell Street Loop, and then goes away from the camera. 9:33 42 outbound in Skipton St, approaches the camera, passes and then crosses over the half the road into Albert St. 10:00 39 inbound in Albert St – location? 10:31 34 outbound for Sebastopol, approaches camera and just starts to pass by. 10:36 34 in Grey St crossing loop, crosses 42 inbound. 10:59 39 outbound in Albert St, with shopping centre in bound, approaches camera, passes and then crosses over Albert St. Mid morning scene. 11:39 39 inbound, Albert St south, approaches camera and then passes and the crosses over Albert St. 12:16 41 outbound in Albert St passes the camera, and pulls into the terminus with the conductor getting out on the back bumper to pull the pole down as the tram stops and a passenger walks into the Royal Hotel. 12:39 Title “The Lydiard Street North Line” 12:44 Filmed from the Hotel balcony, 21 inbound in Lydiard St Nth passes over Mair St, stops while 33 passes in the other direction. 13:18 With the red light showing on the Seymour St loop signal, 33 inbound for Sebastopol stops and picks up many passengers, passes the camera and runs past the VRI building in the background and through the loop. Possibly filmed on a Sunday given the ladies dresses and quieter streets. 14:01 30 outbound, passes the camera and stops at Macarthur St. Filmed alongside the brick wall of the cutting. 14:28 30 inbound arrives, passes through the Gregory St loop and then proceeds past the camera, making a stop to pick up passengers. 15:14 28 in Lydiard St Nth – location?, approaches and goes away from the camera, north of Gregory St. 15:34 28 ditto location? 15:53 21 arrives at the terminus with passengers getting on and off. 16:11 View of the a vertical positioned “End of Section” sign on a pole at the terminus and then lifting the camera to see the timetable board and the stop sign. 16:33 31 in Bridge St passing Morseheads and then turning into Sturt St, stops at the Grenville St stop, while another single trucker comes down to the stop from the City. 16:58 31 outbound in Bridge St, with destination of Victoria St. 17:14 Title “The Victoria Street Line” 17:18 31 outbound to Victoria St from Stones Corner. Starts with an overhead shot, shows clock at the Caltex service station,. 17:37 31 inbound approaching Bakery Hill and then descending to the junction after it passes camera. 18:09 25 climbing outbound in Victoria St, passing the camera, to then pass through the King St loop. 18:47 25 inbound in Victoria St, passing the camera, then pass through the King St loop, with St Alypius Church in the background. 19:36 14 approaching the rail bridge in Victoria St and stopping at the 2nd last stop to left of passengers. 20:01 14 leaving the terminus and approaching the camera and the a short sequence going away, to the next stop to pick up quite a few passengers. 20:14 “Trams Stop Here” sign, metal wrap around on a steel pole. 20:16 Title “The Mount Pleasant Line” 20:21 11 inbound in Main St, with a passenger leaping off the tramcar and another getting off just before the junction. 20:45 11 passes the junction and then proceeds away from the camera in Bridge St. 21:04 30 outbound in Main St, then turns into Barkly St, a bus (Eclipse Motors) passes in Main St just before the sequence ends. 21:31 30 inbound near Steinfield St. (exact location?) 21:49 25 approaches the camera, then proceeds away and passes through the Grant St. loop. 22:29 25 inbound, windy day, between Grant and Cobden, (exact location?), with a horse drawn bread van in the view and the breadman walking behind the tram as it passes. 23:02 11 outbound in Barkly St, (exact location?) 23:37 11 inbound in Barkly St (exact location?) 23:44 Mt Pleasant terminus signage 23:50 30 approaches the terminus and then stops with the conductor alighting turning the pole, passengers getting on and off and the driver appearing at the other end. 24:32 Title “The Gardens Via Sturt St. West Line” 24:35 21 outbound in Sturt St near Raglan St, approaches and passes the Camera. 25:09 12, showing City Oval, approaches and passes the camera, outbound near Windermere St. 25:33 13 showing View Point, goes away from the camera – location? 25:44 12 comes from St. West, inbound passes the camera and then stop as the next stop next Talbot St? 26:21 Short sequence of a “Warning Oncoming Trams” sign 26:28 42 inbound in Sturt St West, just before Ripon St, view coming towards camera and then going away to cross Ripon St. 27:10 34 passes through the Parker St loop 27:25 35 or 39 inbound past the college in Sturt St West 28:04 41 outbound at the Russell St curve, passes away from the camera. 28:11 35? inbound passes away from the camera through the Victoria Park or Morrison St loop, swinging out into the roadway. 28:29 View of timetable sign at Hamilton Ave. 28:37 35 turning from Sturt St West into Hamilton Ave, can see the conductor changing over the barrier rails. 29:11 42 inbound, crosses another bogie tram (35?) at Carlton St loop then passes the camera and goes past the Olympic rings monument. 29:42 12 approaches the Carlton St gates. 30:07 12 outbound, crosses a bogie tram in the loop with both trams then leaving the loop. 30:20 Title “End of Part One” Written labels giving title information on outside of box.trams, tramways, ballarat, sebastopol, lydiard st north, victoria st, mt pleasant, sturt st west