The Warrnambool Battery on Flagstaff Hill has embankments for 3 guns. Those on the left and right still have cannon in place but in the centre is an empty embankment, apart from this concrete ring with metal threaded studs. In 1898 a 5 inch breech loading gun (BL) was installed here. The gun had a hydro-pneumatic disappearing carriage (hence the sign on the concrete wall "5" BL HP").. This type of gun was faster to load and fire that the 80 pound RML’s installed on either side of it. Its arrival spelt the end of the 80 pound RML guns’ useful life, although they continued to be used for practice sessions. The 5 inch BL was the main defensive weapon of the Warrnambool Battery until the Battery was downgraded in importance. It was removed in 1904 and recalled to Melbourne in 1910. The gun emplacement ring is all that remains of the mounting for a 5 inch Armstrong rifled breech loading gun. HISTOR of the WARRNAMBOOL GUNS & CANNON In the years following the Crimean War (1854-1857J) there was a great concern in the Colony that Imperial Russia would attempt an invasion. Coastal defences in the colony of Victoria were greatly strengthened by the Government as a result. Warrnambool was originally protected by cannons at Cannon Hill, approximately 1 kilometer west of the Flagstaff Hill Fortifications. The cannons included two 1866 guns, both 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RML) purchased by Victoria’s Colonial Government. They were part of a shipment of 26 such guns sent from England in December 1866. They are registered as No. 23 (80cwt-2qr-0lbs) - Gun 1, and No.13 (81cwt-1qr-12lbs) - Gun 2. They were cast at the Royal Gun Factory, Woolwich Arsenal, in 1866 and have a 6.3 inch bore. Both barrels carry the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria, Insignia of the Royal Engineers, within the Garter and Motto surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria within the Garter (letters in centre “VR”, motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it."). The guns were originally supplied with wooden carriages. (The Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, England, was established eleven years after the Restoration of King Charles II. It was the principal supplier of armaments to the British and Empire Governments. At the height of its operations during World War One the factory covered 1300 acres and employed very nearly 80,000 workers. Woolwich was the Headquarters of the Royal Artillery since the raising of that Regiment in 1716. The Arsenal was closed in the late 1960’s.) These two 80pdr cannons were transferred to the Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery Fortifications erected at Flagstaff Hill in 1887 as part of Victoria’s Coastal Defences. The original wooden carriages were subsequently replaced with the present iron garrison carriages in 1888. They are a “C” pivot. The ‘racers’ or curved track set into the floor of the gun emplacement (which enabled the guns to be traversed more quickly) are as specified for guns up to 10 inch, being of wrought iron 2.78 inches wide. A temporary third gun, now no longer on Flagstaff Hill’s site, was the 5 inch Rifled Breech Loading (BL) Armstrong gun mounted on an Elswick hydro pneumatic disappearing carriage and installed in this very concrete base or pad. The State of Victoria took over the ownership of the guns at the time of Australian Federation in 1901. In about 1901/1902 the Garrison Battery was converted to the Warrnambool Battery of the Australian Field Artillery (No 4 Field Battery). It was equipped with 4.7 inch naval guns mounted on field carriages. They were now a mobile unit but continued to use the Warrnambool Garrison area at Flagstaff Hill for practice. When the Fortifications were declared obsolete the two 80 Pounder RML were relocated to Cannon Hill in 1910. On the outbreak of World War One the 4.7 inch guns were recalled to Melbourne, and the Battery was disbanded. Most of the personnel probably re-enlisted in the local 4th Australian Light Horse Regiment. The two 80 Pounder RML were moved back to the Fortifications in 1973. They were both fully restored by Army First Year Apprentices at the Ordinance Factory in Bendigo in time for the centenary year of the fortifications in 1987. The guns are capable of firing 80 pound (32.3kg) armour piercing exploding shells 3.65kms out to sea. They were originally manned by volunteers before a paid Garrison was established. Now the Guns are again fired by volunteers on Special Event days. Since restoration the Gun Number 1 had been fired on a regular basis but Gun Number 2 hadn’t been fired since the mid 1990’s. In April 2015 Gun Number 2 was serviced in preparation for the firing of both cannons on the ANZAC Centenary commemorations on April 25th 2015. Other guns from the original Cannon Hill location were obsolete by the time the 1887 Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery was built. These guns are (1) a 32 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore (SB) cast in 1813 at the famous Carron Foundry, number 80837 and now located in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens. It is now mounted on a replica carriage due to the original carriage being in a fragile condition (the original carriage stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill). (2) a 68 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore cast in 1861 at the equally august Low Moor Foundry, number 10310 and now located on the lawn area at the entrance to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. It is still mounted on its original wooden garrison carriage. Its wooden slide compressor mechanism is fragile and now kept in Flagstaff Hill’s storage. There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron and fifteen 68 Pounder SB made at Low Moor known to exist in the State of Victoria [references; Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village interpretation boards, information sheets and other documents; South Western Victoria Guns and Cannon report, May 2008, ref W/F/08] The Gun embankment is contained within the heritage listed Lady Bay Lighthouse Comples, on the Victorian Heritage Register VHR H1520. The gun emplacement base is evidence of the last defences installed on this stretch of coastline. The Warrnambool Garrison has been added to the Victorian Heritage Register H1250 “for its intact battery and guns, a strong reminder of Victoria’s wealth and determination to protect itself from the perceived threat of invasion in the 1880’s.” The City of Warrnambool is one of several custodians of a collection of artillery pieces of heritage significance at a state, national and international level. These pieces are directly related to the defence of south-west Victoria in the 19th century. The care and preservation come under the Heritage Act 1995. Gun emplacement; the remains of the mounting platform of a temporary third gun installed in 1898 in the centre of the battery. This consists of a circular concrete well or sump surrounded by two rings of mounting bolts, the inner of 10 and the outer of 20. The base once held a 5 inch Armstrong rifled breech loading gun with hydro-pneumatic disappearing. In the centre of the ring on the ground is a keyhole shaped space. The gun was removed in 1904. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, colonial defences, victoria’s coastal defences, warrnambool fortification, warrnambool garrison battery, warrnambool volunteer corps, ordinance, armaments, cannon hill fortifications, flagstaff hill fortifications, 4th australian light horse regiment, garrison gun, 5 inch breech loading gun, emplacement for hydro-pneumatic disappearing carriage, gun emplacement

This 1813 cannon is classified as a carronade, having been made by the Carron Ironworks foundry in Stirling, Scotland in 1813. It is a large calibre, short range, gun mainly used on ships. The carronade model of cannon was first used when introduced into the British Royal Navy in the American War of the Revolution (1775-1883). This cannon was originally a 28pdr, 48cwt, 8ft gun. The date ‘1837’ on the barrel probably indicates the date that the Board of Ordinance accepted the change in size to a 32pdr. It may originally have been a naval gun and the conversion undertaken when it was brought ashore. It is very probably one of the 15 guns that are known to have constituted the defences of Victoria in 1860. This group of 32pdrs was the shorter model of the 4800width and 8ft length cannon and as such are different from the 32pdrs found in NSW. It was originally located on Cannon Hill in Warrnambool when it was the site of the Warrnambool Battery Western Artillery, formed in 1866. It was obsolete by the time of the 1887 fortifications, and was moved from the Warrnambool Fortifications to the Botanic Gardens in 1910, when the Fortifications were declared obsolete. HISTORIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE CANNON IN THE WARRNAMBOOL AREA In the years following the Crimean War (1854-1857J) there was a great concern in the Colony that Imperial Russia would attempt an invasion. Coastal defences in the colony of Victoria were greatly strengthened by the Government as a result. Warrnambool was originally protected by cannons at Cannon Hill, approximately 1 kilometer west of the Flagstaff Hill Fortifications. The cannons included two 1866 guns, both 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RML) purchased by Victoria’s Colonial Government. They were part of a shipment of 26 such guns sent from England in December 1866. They are registered as No. 23 (80cwt-2qr-0lbs) - Gun 1, and No.13 (81cwt-1qr-12lbs) - Gun 2. They were cast at the Royal Gun Factory, Woolwich Arsenal, in 1866 and have a 6.3 inch bore. Both barrels carry the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria, Insignia of the Royal Engineers, within the Garter and Motto surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria within the Garter (letters in centre “VR”, motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it."). The guns were originally supplied with wooden carriages. (The Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, England, was established eleven years after the Restoration of King Charles II. It was the principal supplier of armaments to the British and Empire Governments. At the height of its operations during World War One the factory covered 1300 acres and employed very nearly 80,000 workers. Woolwich was the Headquarters of the Royal Artillery since the raising of that Regiment in 1716. The Arsenal was closed in the late 1960’s.) The two 80pdr cannons were transferred to the Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery Fortifications erected at Flagstaff Hill in 1887 as part of Victoria’s Coastal Defences. The original wooden carriages were subsequently replaced with the present iron garrison carriages in 1888. They are a “C” pivot. The ‘racers’ or curved track set into the floor of the gun emplacement (which enabled the guns to be traversed more quickly) are as specified for guns up to 10 inch, being of wrought iron 2.78 inches wide. A temporary third gun, now no longer on Flagstaff Hill’s site, was a 5 inch Rifled Breech Loading (BL) Armstrong gun mounted on an Elswick hydro pneumatic disappearing carriage It was faster to load and fire than the 80 pound RMLs and its arrival spelt the end of the older 80 pound guns’ useful life, apart from being used for practice sessions. The 5 inch BL gun was the main defensive weapon of the Warrnambool Battery until the Battery was downgraded in importance and the gun was recalled to Melbourne in 1910. The gun emplacement still remains in place set between the 2 80pdr cannon. The State of Victoria took over the ownership of the guns at the time of Australian Federation in 1901. In about 1901/1902 the Garrison Battery was converted to the Warrnambool Battery of the Australian Field Artillery (No 4 Field Battery). It was equipped with 4.7 inch naval guns mounted on field carriages. They were now a mobile unit but continued to use the Warrnambool Garrison area at Flagstaff Hill for practice. When the Fortifications were declared obsolete the two 80 Pounder RML were relocated to Cannon Hill in 1910. On the outbreak of World War 1 the 4.7 inch guns were recalled to Melbourne, and the Battery was disbanded. Most of the personnel probably re-enlisted in the local 4th Australian Light Horse Regiment. The two 80 Pounder RML were moved back to the Fortifications in 1973. They were both fully restored by Army First Year Apprentices at the Ordinance Factory in Bendigo in time for the centenary year of the fortifications in 1987. The guns are capable of firing 80 pound (32.3kg) armour piercing exploding shells 3.65kms out to sea. They were original manned by volunteers before a paid Garrison was established. Now the Guns are again fired by volunteers on Special Event days. Since restoration the Gun Number 1 had been fired on a regular basis but Gun Number 2 hadn’t been fired since the mid 1990’s. In April 2015 Gun Number 2 was serviced in preparation for the firing of both cannons on the ANZAC Centenary commemorations on April 25th 2015. Other guns from the original Cannon Hill location were obsolete by the time the 1887 Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery was built. These guns are (1) a 32 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore (SB) cast in 1813 at the famous Carron Foundry, number 80837 and now located in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens. It is now mounted on a replica carriage due to the original carriage being in a fragile condition (the original carriage stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill). (2) a 68 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore cast in 1861 at the equally august Low Moor Foundry, number 10310 and now located on the lawn area at the entrance to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. It is still mounted on its original wooden garrison carriage. Its wooden slide compressor mechanism is fragile and now kept in Flagstaff Hill’s storage. There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron and fifteen 68 Pounder SB made at Low Moor known to exist in the State of Victoria Plaque attached to the carriage “This replica carriage was constructed by the Warrnambool Tritan Woodworkers club in conjunction with the generosity of local businesses and the Warrnambool community. The original carriage (circa 1860) was removed for restoration and is now located at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. The timber used for the replica carriage is Monterey Cypress, which was an early planting in the gardens. 2010 marked the centenary of the cannon’s relocation in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens.” (Reference; Victorian Guns and Cannons, South Western Victoria Assessment, May 2008, item W/B/01; Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village datasheets and archives). There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron known to exist in the State of Victoria and this is one of them. On a world level, this cannon represents a high level of rarity. Further, as it has been modified (bored up) it is representative of the historical process of amending artillery in order to ensure a longer usefulness of each piece despite rapidly advancing artillery technology. The number of surviving carriages with traversing slides in this group in South Western Victoria is unique in Australia and probably in the World. Out of 10 such platforms surviving in Australia, the South Western Victorian group has half. Several survive around the world but probably not in such a large group. The wooden sliding compressor mechanism belonging to this cannon is extremely rare, and the only one in this South Western Victorian group of Guns and Cannons. As a whole, this cannon has undergone very little restoration or modification, giving it a high level of integrity. The City of Warrnambool is one of several custodians of a collection of artillery pieces of heritage significance at a state, national and international level. These pieces are directly related to the defence of south-west Victoria in the 19th century. The care and preservation come under the Heritage Act 1995. (Reference; Victorian Guns and Cannons, South Western Victoria Assessment, May 2008).Cannon, or carronade, 32pdr with wheels. Muzzle loading smooth bore (SB) cannon. Cannon has original wooden Burmese Teak carriage and slide with wrought iron fittings and iron wheels. Manufactured by Carron in Scotland, in 1813. It has been converted from a 28pdr. There is a loop for a rope on the cascabel, which was part of the original casting. Re-bored in 1837. Marks include Serial Number, Royal Cypher of King George III, broad arrow of proofing, and numbers to represent the weight. NOTE: The cannon is displayed in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens and is mounted on a replica wooden carriage; the original wooden carriage is now stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. This carriage has 4 wheels on swivel attachments and a central gear that allows the wheels to turn on rails. Pressed into left trunnion “80837 / CARRON / 1813”, cast on barrel“symbol (Royal Cypher of King George III”, “symbol (broad arrow of proofing)” and numbers “45-3-24 / 1837” . Cascable “CV” and marks with gradations from nought to three in quarters on each side, On the carriage the end of one of the main slide members carries the mark “W symbol (broad arrow) D” incised into the timber. Plaque attached to the carriage by the Warrnambool Tritan Woodworkers club, 2010, marking the centenary of the cannon’s relocation in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens and the addition of the replica carriage. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, victoria’s coastal defences, warrnambool fortification, warrnambool garrison battery, ordinance, armaments, cannon hill fortifications, victorian colonial government, carron ironwroks foundary, 32pdr smooth bore cannon, 28pdr smooth bore cannon, 1813 cannon, carronade

Battery Quartermaster Sergeant Harold Bauerle served with the Albury Battery in the 1920s and 1030s. Shortly following Federation the military unit in Albury was redesignated No 4 New South Wales Battery Australian Field Artillery (AFA). It was under the command of Major John Wilkinson, an Albury solicitor and comprised about 100 citizen soldiers, 4 guns and about 40 horses. Training centred on the Albury Drill Hall located in Victoria Street. A reorganisation in 1912 resulted in the Battery being named No 17 Battery AFA. When war broke out in 1914 the Battery then under the command of Major Joseph Shellshear, and Albury doctor, offered its services as a trained artillery battery to the Australian Imperial Force (AIF). The Battery cooled its heels and continued to train till July 1915 when a second division was raised in the AIF and trained artillery was needed. When the call came 150 officers and men of the 17th Battery went into the AIF, many to the 13th Battery with Major Shellshear in command and others to other AIF batteries of the 4th and 5th Artillery Brigades. The 13th Battery was adopted immediately by the townsfolk of Albury as the Albury Battery. The Battery served in France and Belgium and was involved in all the major battles fought by the Australians perhaps most notably at Noreuil where the Battery found itself surrounded but continued to fight till eventually the enemy was driven back. Following the war members of the Battery nominated this battle as their most significant achievement and consequently a newly developed recreational reserve on the Murray River foreshore was named Noreuil Park. In 1919 the Battery resumed training as part of the Citizen Military Forces or Militia. Changes of title were frequent, first 27th Battery, then 60th Battery and finally 40th Battery AFA. Battery commanders included Captain Leslie Colquhoun, an Albury real estate agent, Captain Roy Collings, Albury town clerk and Captain Clifton Mott a newspaper editor. The Depression of the early 1930s almost brought about the closure of the Albury Battery but it survived through the intervention of the mayor, Alderman Alfred Waugh, who made direct representation to the Minister for Defence. When the Second World War erupted in 1939, the Battery was at full strength and a rich source of officers and trained men for the second AIF. Militia training of the few remaining officers and Albury adopted the 2/23rd Infantry Battalion which had been raised at the Showground. Following WWII, CMF soldiering recommenced in the form of an armoured regiment, the 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles. After nearly a half a century of service in war and peace the Albury Battery has faded and exists now in this collection of objects and images. This trophy is representative of community support for a Citizen Military Forces unit drawn from a regional NSW Town in the period between the World Wars.Silver cup with two handles mounted on Bakelite base being the McClure Cup for most efficient NCO in Albury Battery 1935-36 . inscription on side of cup."McClure Cup / for / Most efficient NCO / 1935-36 / won by / BQMS H.C. Bauerle"bauerle h c bqms, albury battery, mcclure cup

Named in 1845 by Wilhelm Karl von Haidinger cerussite takes its name from the Latin cerussa, meaning 'white lead'. When viewed under certain lighting conditions cerussite gives of fire and rainbow-like colours (due to its high dispersion) and it is quite sought after by geological collectors for this very reason. Cerussite is usually found in the oxidised zone of lead ore deposits. It is a very common weathering product of galena and other lead ore minerals. It is a secondary mineral, meaning it forms as a result of the alteration of pre-existing minerals in the Earth’s crust. The presence of lead in cerussite makes it potentially toxic. Historically, it has been an important source of lead, which has numerous industrial applications, including in batteries, construction materials, and radiation shielding. Cerussite has a crystal structure that belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system. Its crystal structure is characterized by a three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a repeating pattern. The crystal lattice of cerussite consists of interconnected lead (Pb) and carbonate (CO3) ions. This crystal structure is visible in the specimen. This specimen was found in Dundas (formerly Mount Dundas), a historical mining locality, mineral field and railway located on the western foothills of the West Coast Range in Western Tasmania. During the 1890s Dundas swelled in numbers however it is now lost in a temperate rainforest and its population is now 2. The present Dundas Extended mine, about 1.5 km east of Dundas is presently worked for specimen material.Faceted cerussite gems are considered rare and valuable, given the softness of the mineral. This item is not a faceted gem however its historical and scientific research potential give it significance; mined in an Australian township, this cerussite could shed light on the now lost history of Dundas and the mining that occurred there. Additionally, the uses of this mineral in historical industrial processes give it scientific significance. Such knowledge can add to understandings of the geographical and geological nature of Western Tasmania and allow for further study of Australian geological specimens. A small lead carbonite mineral with shades of cream, white and brown throughout, flaky shards of white at base. CERUSSITE / (lead carbonite) / Locality: Dundas, W. Tasmaniadundas, tasmania, cerussite, lead, orthorhombic, geology, minerals, mining

This photograph shows men working goldfields - possibly the battery mines at Club Terrace or near Bendoc? Clarkeville?This item is a pictorial record of the gold mining history of East Gippsland.A black / white postcard / photograph of a group of miners in the foreground with horses an wagons in the background on gold fields.gold-mining-east-gippsland

Taken on the 31st of August ,1918, this photograph depicts Gunner Wilson, Lieutenant Driscoll, and Lieutenant Clark (facing camera) of the 12th Battery of Australian Field Artillery, choosing a site for new battery positions, as members of the 52nd Australian Battalion move past to a new sector north of the Somme, before Mont St Quentin.The Battle of Mont St Quentin commenced on the 31st of August 1918 and ended on the 3rd of September 1918. The battle saw Australian troops storm, seize and hold the key height of Mont St Quentin (overlooking Peronne), a pivotal German defensive position on the line of the Somme.Black and white rectangular reproduced photograph on matte photographic paperReverse: 5144/military album, beechworth, burke museum, ww2, world war two, france, somme, 12th battery of australian field artillery, 52nd australian battalion, military, mont st quentin

Information about early mining in Victoria's first gold field. Cover photographs: Front cover - Fossickers working below the water-wheen driven stamper battery located on the south side of the Yarra River upstream of the Warrandyte Bridge. Back cover - The Old Post Office, Warrandyte, in 1906, now the premises of the Warrandyte Historical Society Museum and Archive, 111 Yarra Street.Acknowledgements: Several members of the Warrandyte Historical Society were involved in the development of this publication. It was developed and written by Diane Baird; Murray Houghton and Ted Rotherham provided specialist historical details and further references; Jo Laurence and Shirley Rotherham collected and identified photographs; Brian Laurence prepared images for electronic format; and Richard Morton edited and formatted the text. The Society gratefully acknowledges the dedicated work of all its members who collect, preserve and share Warrandyte's history. In particular, the research by the late Bruce Bence and the dedicated work of the late Jo Laurence have been an invaluable contribution to the history of Warrandyte.

Gladys Holmes born 1897, Byaduk, eldest daughter of Joseph (Baker) and Agnes Homes. She married Alexander George Henderson in 1924. James Orford Critchlow born 26/08/1896. He enlisted in Casterton, Victoria on 26/08/1916. The Nominal AIF Roll indicates he was a clerk, single, son of James Critchlow and Cof E and a Gunner 33322. in 1924 he married Brice Violet Payne in Victoria. His death is recorded in New South wales on 15/08/1962 with probate granted 06/12/1962.Original documents sent by James Orford Critchlow, Gunner 33322 abroad to Gladys Holmes of Bydauk during WW1, 1917 to 1919. Part of 14 sets of items forming the Gladys Holmes collection.1808.1 Sepia photograph 1808.2 Colour, child holding two pot plants and basket of flowers 1808.3 Embroidered floral envelope in a white mount with small card inside 1808.4 Embroidered 'Forget Me Not' scene in white mount 1808.5 Black and white photograph of Town hall and Gardens, Durban 1808.6 Through the Pines, Kloof Road 1808.7 Embroidered flower, small, in pink mount with gold text 001808.08-001800.8.12; Letter, 5 pages 1808.1 Yours sincerely/Orford/15/2/1919, on reverse note Dear Gladys...Yours sincerely 1808.2 Reverse 'a Fraire/Belgique/Janvier 29th 1919, note Dear Gladys...from yours sincerely Orford 1808.3 Revers: Gladys...from Orford/France/23/10/1918, Insert- Front-Merry/Christmas/from/France; Revers- Gladys/from/Orford/Longpre, France/28/10/1918/Heaps of good luck 1808.4 Front- Forget Me Not, reverse-Gladys/with best wishes/from Orford/France/20/1/1918 1808.5 Reverse- Dear Gladys..Yours sincerely/Orford and address 1808.6 Reverse- 20/5/1917,At Sea/SS Shropshire, Dear Gladys..Yours sincerely Orford 1808.7 Reverse- Dear Gladys..from Orford Critchlow 001800.8-001808.12R: Letter on Y.M.C.A. letterhead paper, written on both sides of 5 pages. Boyton,1/8/1917-1/9/1917/Dear Gladys.... Yours sincerely Orfordgladys holmes, james orford critchlow, letter, photograph, postcards, ww 1, byaduk, casterton, belgium, embroidery, france, 4th battery, australian field artillery, durban, ss shropshire, the valentine & sons publishing co ltd

Artillery shells were designed to be recycled and spent shells were returned to the munitions factory for re-filling, a mark engraved upon the head-stamp at each re-filling. Millions upon millions of shells were recycled and re-fired. Relationships with ‘objects’ were forged as recycled objects of conflict were welcomed into people’s homes. Such objects were embodied with personal experiences of war, later to become objects textured with memory, remembrance, and longing – attributes that clearly go beyond an object’s form and function. 18-Pounder Artillery Shells: The Great War Recycled and Re-Circulated Categories :Material Culture Machine Subscribe Share on facebook Share on twitter The intention of war is to kill, to maim and to destroy using, for example, the agency of 18-pounder artillery shells (so-called because they weighed 18 pounds). The shells were loaded in to the 18-pounder field guns used by the Royal Artillery and targeted to destroy German batteries and trenches as well as to shoot down aeroplanes. Horse-drawn field gun, Canal du Nord, France. Taken by First World War photographer David McLellan. Available via the National Library of Scotland as CC BY-NC-SA Horse-drawn field gun, Canal du Nord, France. Taken by First World War photographer David McLellan. Available via the National Library of Scotland as CC BY-NC-SA In Under Fire, Henri Barbusse recounts how the incessant and diabolical din of war constantly bombarded the soldier body with the unendurable noise of bursting shells that caused pain to the ears (Barbusse 2010 [1933]: 207). The noise was so ‘monstrously resounding’ that one felt ‘annihilated by the mere sound of the downpour of thunder’ (Barbusse 2010 [1933]: 206). Artillery shells were designed to be recycled and spent shells were returned to the munitions factory for re-filling, a mark engraved upon the head-stamp at each re-filling. Millions upon millions of shells were recycled and re-fired. A mound of spent shell cases, Nord, Nord-pas-de-Calais, France. Taken by war photographer, Tom Aitken, 1918. Available via the National Library of Scotland as CC BY-NC-SA. A mound of spent shell cases, Nord, Nord-pas-de-Calais, France. Taken by war photographer, Tom Aitken, 1918. Available via the National Library of Scotland as CC BY-NC-SA. People’s experience of the First World War did not end with the armistice. Whilst the noise of the artillery had ceased, the noise of war was remembered. Harry Patch on arriving home injured recalled being ‘jumpy for a while’ with the least noise prompting him to dive for cover (2009: 114). Something else materialised. Relationships with ‘objects’ were forged as recycled objects of conflict were welcomed into people’s homes. Such objects were embodied with personal experiences of war, later to become objects textured with memory, remembrance, and longing – attributes that clearly go beyond an object’s form and function. The head-stamp of these particular shells displays the British broad arrow and the initials ‘EOC’ indicates that they were made at the Elswick Ordnance Company, England; the initials ‘CF’ signal that the charge was loaded with cordite, a standard propellant. Spent shells were illicitly scavenged from massive mounds by both soldiers and civilians alike to become personal souvenirs or to swap or sell. Spent artillery shells were crafted, often using a hammer and a bent nail. The crafting of trench art reflects the construction of an identity that offers momentary relief from the hell experienced in the trenches. The lid of an 18Pounder shell which has been adapted for use as an ash tray.Lot 27 1927, 18Pr, III, EOC, C/F, Defence broad arrow,

Precision instrument used meteorological offices on air fields to measure barometric pressure141.1 Metal cube shape instrument with button switch attached is a cylindrical read out and adjuster knob. 141.2 Carry box with hinged lid and metal latch, has three hold down screws. 141.3 Stainless steel and glass thermometer 141.4 batteries 4x 15v. Standard batteries were HT Eveready B123 30v x3, LT Eveready LLII 1.5 v x1Aneroid Barometer, Type No. M.1991/A Range 800-1050mb. Ser No. 686/65, Mechanism Ltd, Made in Englandbarometer, instrument, aneroid barometer, thermometer

The programme relates to National Service Training, Parades cover RHQ, P Battery, Q Battery, LAD (Light Aid detachment), R Battery. front has the Adjutants name, Capt G.S.BOLITHO.Programme of Parades 22 Field Regiment, pink card, all type in black, folds out to 3 sections, top front cover has “Australian Military Forces” over a badge depiction featuring a cannon, parade times for half year ending 31st Dec 1956, space at bottom for card holders name and rank and number, inside has information then 2 pages of parade dates and times, over is one page of same then one of information relating to 12 items.On front in black typing, Army No “3/752697”, Rank,”Bdr”, Name, “RANDALL R.G”parades, programmes, 22 field regiment

The 17th Australian Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade in the Australian Army. First formed in 1917 during World War I, it did not see any action. Reformed during World War II, before being disbanded in 1946. Today, its name is perpetuated by the 17th Combat Service Support Brigade, which was raised as a logistics formation in May 2006. The 17th Brigade was reformed on 13 October 1939, again as part of the 6th Division, recruited from Victoria. The 17th Brigade fought in the Western Desert Campaign in Libya, the Battle of Greece, the Battle of Wau, the Salamaua-Lae campaign in Papua, and in the Aitape-Wewak campaign in New Guinea. The photographs are of national significance as they may reflect the only known photographs of individuals from WW2.4 page newspaper pictures of 17th Brigade, Second AIFThe Argus 17th Australian Infantry Brigade, Second AIF, Souvenir Supplement, Thursday, February 22, 1940 Page 1 2/5th Battalion - Picture 1 Officers of the 2/5th Battalion; Picture 2 Senior NCO's of the 2/5th Battalion; Picture 3 A Company 2/5th Battalion Page 2 B Company 2/5th Battalion; C Company 2/5th Battalion; D Company 2/5th Battalion Page 3 Headquarters 2/2nd Field Regiment 6th Divisional Artillery; 3rd Battery 2/2nd Field Regiment 6th Divisional Artillery Page 4 Officers, NCO's and men of 2/2nd Field Company, 6th Divisional Engineers; Officers NCO's and men 2/2nd Field Ambulance and 2/2nd Australian General Hospital 6th Divisional Australian Army Medical Corpsaif, army, 17th brigade, second aif, 2/5th battalion, australian army, australian infantry brigade, 2/2nd field aumbulance, 2/2nd australian general hospital, 6th divisional australian army medical corps, 6th divisional engineers

Photo of Artillery Battery Gun Emplacement. Field gun supported with sand bag wall. Gun crew preparing site for action. Black & white photo mounted in black wooden frame with black border, cardboard backing, glass front. Front RHS bottom & back, LHS bottom: “No 53 stickers” Back LHS bottom: “Trust No 22”photography-photographs, frame accessories, military history, arms-ordnance, passchendaele barracks trust

Newspaper distributed to troops in the field. Sent home by Charles Vernon COCHRANE VX116175. Enlisted 21.10.1942 aged 21, 67th Anti Aircraft Searchlight Battery. Discharged 14.6.1946.Newspaper, cream with black print.Printed in black at top: GUINEA GOLD In the Field, Thursday August 12 1943 Vol 1 No 268 Not For Salenewspaper, ww2

The roll was in the collection relating to Leslie F Iser AIF who served in the 18th Battery. Refer 337 for his service details.Brown timber frame, glass front, cardboard backing. Honour Roll printed on white background. Print shows names re-inforcements, WIA, KIA, Battles, Unit colour patches, Gallantry awards. Top: "18th Battery - 6th Field Artillery Brigade Honour Roll of Officers, NCO's and Men" Below: "Names, Reinforcements, WIA, KIA, Battles, Unit Colour Patches & Gallantry Awards" Printed in texta on rear: "Tom Iser & Ian Sides"documents - lists, frame accessories, military history, artillery

Sent by FRANK BARNES (AIF 4156) to UNA FRANKLING of Harcourt. Part of a collection covering 22 Catalogue site No’ s of postcards, photos and album relating to; Frank Barnes of Harcourt Vic. James Higgins of Newstead Vic. Thomas Comini of Harcourt Vic. To “Una Frankling” of Harcourt. Frank Barnes No 4156 enlisted in the AIF in 13th reinforcements 5th Batt on 28.7.1915 age 25 years. Embarked for Egypt 29.12.1915, embark for France 27.3.1916, promoted L/Cpl 27.3.1916, hospital 9.7.1916 with Influenza, rejoin unit 18.7.1916, WIA 27.7.1916 GSW left arm, rejoin unit 15.11.1916, promoted Cpl 23.11.1916, promoted L/Sgt 13.3.1917, hospital 20.4.1917 with PUO, rejoin unit 13.5.1917, to England 1.8.1917 for School of Musketry and Training Batt’s, promoted Sgt 5.10.17, rejoin unit 10.4.1918, hospital 20.6.1918 with Influenza, discharged from the AIF 18.9. 1919. James Edward Higgins No 3140 enlisted in the AIF in 7th reinforcements 23rd Batt on 28.7.1915 age 21 years. Embark for Egypt 26.11.1915, transfer to 58th Batt 23.2.1916, hospital 27.2.1916 (unclear) rejoin unit 15.3.1916, embark for France 17.6.1916, transfer to 15th Aust Light trench Mortar Battery, promoted to L/Cpl 26.1.1917, promoted Cpl 17.5.1917WIA 25.9.1917 SW’s right leg and ankle, DOW’s in 6th Aust Field Ambulance 27.9.1917. Thomas Comini No 4160 enlisted in the AIF in 13th reinforcements 5th Batt on 28.7.1915 age 23 years. Embark for Egypt 29.12.1915, transfer to 57th Batt 20.4.1916, embark for France 17.6.1916, WIA SW left wrist, rejoin unit 10.4.1917, discharged from the AIF 15.8.1919.Red, rectangular booklet with illustrations of Cologne pre WW1“Album von Coeln”documents - photographs, cologne

Used in the field on South Australian Projects by Terry Peacock and others.Bought in 1990 this was the first type of mobile phone used in the field by ATCV. Mobile Telephone handset, battery in carry case. Manufacturer was Motorola. Distributor Telecom Australia (later Telstra). Also CVA asset no. on leather carry case.australia, telephone, mobile, telecom, motorola, south, 1990

Small rectangular cardboard box containg a black cylindrical metal and rubber flashlight or torch. The outside of the cardboarch container has black ink markings for identification and manufacture. A white printed ID label containing a barcode is attached to the bottom of the box. The pocket light has a metal attachment clip on its side and a rubber covered on/off switch on the bottom of the light. The body of the light has a knurled section for grip. The lens top section of the field pocket light unscrews of the body to enable the top of the pocket light to be unscrewed to enable battery insertion.FPL-3000 Military Pocket Light Made in Australia NSN no: 6230 66 139 1304 Ocean Graphic Pty. Ltd. Melbourne, Victoria, AUSTRALIA. *6230661391304023* FPL-3000 Black/Green Filter The field pocket light has the NSN marking 6230-66-139-1304 with the Department of Defence arrow marking at the side of the top of the flashlight.fpl-3000, military, field pocket light, australian military

This coat was owned and worn by Lieutenant T L(known as Leigh) Simpson D.F.C. who joined the Royal Flying Corps during Workd War 1. He was born in Hamilton Victoria and had an interest through his family in flying, before the war. In 1916 he transferred from the Light Horse Field Ambulance to the 68th Australian Sqd. Royal Flying Corps. He was promoted to lieutenant of the 3rd Squadron. During the war he was a pilot and photographer and took hundreds of reconnaissance photos over occupied territory. He was involved in photographing enemy positions and supplying information to the artillery batteries which then shelled those positions. He was involved in a number of missions involving direct contact with the enemy including Baron von Richtofen and was involved in the "dog fight" which led to von Richtofen's death. In May 1918 he had been promoted to Flight Commander and temporary Captain when his cousin Captain Duigan was wounded. He represented Australia at von Richtofen's funeral and presented the Australian wreath. Following his discharge after being seriously wounded, he returned home and became a grazier in the Dunkeld area. He maintained his interest in aviation throughout his life with a strong connection with Reg Ansett and was a director of Ansett Airways Pty Ltd for many years. He died in Dunkeld in 1960This flying coat is significant because it was owned by Lieutenant Thomas Leigh Simpson DFC while he was in the Australian Flying Corps during World War 1. World War 1 Flying coat. Tan leather, nap finish. Lining wool fabric. Map pocket on front of chest. Internal pocket on left front behind map pocket and external pocket below the waist on the left hand front towards the side.L Simpson on the inside left front.t leigh simpson, royal flying corps, baron von richtofen, australian aviation

This field telephone was developed primary for military purposes (World War I) and other wars/military interventions there after. It was the first "mobile" telephone which had a prime objective of providing isolated or "hard" to connect with locations instant communication links. Like a lot of "new" technologies it evolved from a war environment. This handset was used to connect offices and workshops, which due to their functions could not be co-located with their prime office(external workshops).The evolution from the early 1900s to the mid 1980s when mobile communication technology progressed in leaps and bounds from hard wire telephone communication to mobile digital receivers. This handset was manufactured by a subcontracted Australian company under the Australian Post Office mandate.This handset is significant in that it was donated by the Mount Beauty Timber yards and formed an integrated part of its communication system with its out lying work yards and buildings, before the mobile handset evolution. This handset was located in an environment which required a rugged and reliable day to day communications linkage as a vital part of its logistical (business) survival. As progress demands it, the faster that customers are satisfied with the service they obtain from suppliers the longer those services will be asked for and the longer and more profitable the supplier will be. This edict is as true for rural companies as it is for small or large city businesses. The customer is "always" right.This sturdy field telephone has a shell housing made in black bakelite material with a "U" form housing the major components (wiring, magneto and batteries). The main housing has two metal bells, with a central ringer between both, on the top part (to notify incoming calls). In front of the main structure is a box with the telephone hand piece (ear and mouth receptacles) nestled on two cradles. An on/off switch is activated when handset is removed from its cradle. On the front of the control box is a winder handle(to ring off) and in a field situation to activate/deactivate the magneto. To the left of the winder but on the the main body are two wind up connection buttons for the connection of operational wires (power)On the main right hand front body and next to two chrome switches is a plate with "L (next to the top switch) and below this "L2" and underneath this are "or" "EARTH". There is a plate fastened to the front of the handset and behind the winder with "REPLACE HANDSET WHEN FINISHED" and below the winder 'SERIAL NUMBER 5116"field telephone, world war ii field telephone f mk i

snape collection

Evans embarked from Melbourne on board HMAT Hororata on 19th October 1914, and returned to Australia 4th June 1919. Several WW1 letters of Gordon Evans ( 677 - 6th Battalion, F Company). Includes pocket bible, and sewn pouch.ww1, letters, 6 battalion, 4 field battery, gordon evans

Reproduced from "The Australasian" 12th May 1906, page 1115.This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital image 35 mm Black and White negativesepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, warrandyte, gold mining, caledonia battery, warrandyte battery

Reproduced on p31 of 'Pioneers & Painters' Was destroyed in 1962 bushfire. Now Peter Franks Reserve, St Andrews On Friday 29th (August 1919) …, the Hon. S. Barnes, M. L. A., Minister of Mines, accompanied by Mr W. Everard, M.L.A., Mr. V. Dickson, secretary for Mines, and Mr. Merrin, Chief Mining Inspector, visited Smith's Gully for the purpose of opening, the new Government battery which has recently been erected. The party arrived punctually at 12.30, and was received by an assemblage of about 200 residents, including, those representing local prospecting and mining interests. At the mill house the Minister wished prosperity to mining on the old Queenstown field, and, in a few appropriate remarks, gave the battery the name of St. Andrew's. Then, as the stamps began to fall, three hearty cheers were given by the gathering. ….. The Queenstown field, dating back to the early sixties, might be regarded as a link that took them back to the Augustine age of gold mining in Victoria…From 1868 to 1918 the total yield of gold from the field was 274,606 fine oz. It might be that here, as elsewhere, deeper prospecting would give new life to the Queenstown goldfield. The miners of Queenstown, who through long year's had never lost faith in the possibilities of the field, felt that the purpose for which they were that day marked the beginning of a new era in the history of local reefing. …. The new mill is situated on the bank of the creek opposite the Queenstown Cemetery, and consists of a five head battery (Berdan pan) and 12 h.p. portable steam engine housed in a spacious structure of wood and iron. A concrete weir across the creek provides a good water supply, and all the necessary pumps, settling dams, etc., have been installed. Later on, should circumstances warrant it, it is pro-posed to erect Wilfley tables for concentrates. Eltham and Whittlesea Shires Advertiser and Diamond Creek Valley Advocate, Friday 5 September 1919, page 3This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital image 4 x 5 inch B&W Neg Print 20 x 25 (2)shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, queenstown, st andrews, st. andrews battery, gold mining, s. barnes, merrin, st andrews battery, v. dickson, william h. everard, peter franks reserve

M. Eissler A.I.M.E. was a member of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.Red Hardcovered book of 678 pages with around 250 illustrations and numerous folding plates. Contents include: gold mining in California, Gold as a metal; Hydraulic Process; treatment of Gold bearing Ores; Crushing and Amalgamation (Queensland, California); Mills; Buddle; concentrator; Roasting ores; Roasting Pyritic Ores; Hydro-Metallurgy; Chlorination; Electro-Metallurgy; Cyanide; Erection of a Cyanide Plant; Chemistry of the Cyanide Process; Spelting, CupulationCrushing ore; 160 stamp battery; Mill site and battery; causes of failure in gold mining, South African Gold Fields; Gold in Australia (pg 589) Advertisements include: Fraser & Chalmers; Bowes scott & Western Ltd; Fried. Krupp Grusonwerk; Stanley; Humbolt Engineering Works Co., Townson & Mercer.gold, mining, metallurgy, pyrites, cupel, brook, rand, california, america, gold mining

129 page book with soft beige, brown and black cover depicting three soldiers at the front during World War One. The book includes many photographs and artwork of Australians at the French front from November 1917 until the end of the war. Photographers include Frank Hurley, E. Brooks, H.F. Baldwin and G.H. Wilkins. Artists include Crozier, W.L. King, Alan Lewis, Lothian, John Davis, S. Perks, I. Picking, Daryl Lindsay, Alf Saville, L.H. Howie, Stuart Shaw, P. Huthnance, Stiggo, S. Perks, C.H. Gould, Ted Canon, Bernie Bragg, S. Shaw, Will Dyson, An introduction is written by W. Birdwood, France, 28 September 1917. A number of pages have written notes on them by someone who had obviously been on the French Front. (These pages have been scanned and uploaded onto Victorian Collections. non-fictionPhotographic history of Australians during World War Onechatham family collection, chatham, world war one, world war 1, world war i, france, trenches, front line, birdwood, mark ridgeay, harold williamson, flanders, poziers, somme, becourt, mouquet farm, rupert whiteley, ypres, montauban, field cooker, gueudecourt, band, bapaume, bullecourt, h. murray, hindernburg wire, messines, howitzer, w. holmes. canon, ted canon, hill 60, gas masks, siege battery, menin road, ambulance, dressing station, glencorse wood, prisoners, pigeons, australian commonwealth military forces, sgs, chatham - holmes family archive

Plan of the Haunted Stream Gold Field - scale 16 chains to 1 inchhaunted stream, plan, battery

A mounted black and white photograph of uniformed men in front of a weatherboard building. They are officers and non commissioned officers of the Field Artillery School, February 1913, 6th and 7th batteries.To Staff Sgt Major Masters. army, field artillery, field artillery school, masters, staff sergeant major masters, volunteer regiment, major masters