Darwin was bombed by Japanese fighter bombers from Feb 1942 until Nov 1943. On 19 February 1942 Darwin itself was bombed. Japanese fighters and bombers attacked the port and shipping in the harbour twice during the day, killing 252 Allied service personnel and civilians. On 3 March Broome, in Western Australia, was strafed. In succeeding months air attacks were made on many towns in northern Australia including Wyndham, Port Hedland and Derby in Western Australia, Darwin and Katherine in the Northern Territory, Townsville and Mossman in Queensland, and Horn Island in the Torres Strait. Despite popular fears these raids were not the precursor to an invasion but they did serve to interrupt the use of Darwin's port facilities. The raids also tied up anti aircraft defences and air force units that would have otherwise been sent to more forward areas. The Bombing of Darwin www.awm.gov.auFolded metal to cover a match box top and bottom and one side. Would leave one side of the box exposed to strike a match. Lettering on top and bottom created by letter punchFront: Zero Mitsubishi Fighter Shot down over Darwin 19/2/1942 Back: From Frank to Dad.ww2, souvenir, darwin

Photograph possibly taken on before departing or returning from warPart of the Flynn family collection of Cpl William Charles ClarkPhotograph portrait in celluloid processed plaque. Photographed mounted on brown paper background. Corners of the plaque are expose the mounting paper. The photo plaque is attached to a metal frame with a wire clip for hangingOn self adhesive label; Irene Madeline Joyce / 27/2/19 - 28/9/1983 / Married / William Charles Clarke / 10/3/1934celluloid, photograph, irene madeline clark

Photographic Album by Leathersmith, Made in England (AL4M Morocco)Cover is black leather with a gold embossed trim around edges. Internal exposed leather has similar trim. Pages are paper with rounded corners and edge of paper is gold.

Existing and possible future roads are numbered and named 1 - 45. The plan is based on an aerial photos taken March 1945. It includes revisions up to 1951. Signed by H.H.C. Williams, construction engineer. Mountains, rivers, roads and SECV places are named, also SECV infrastructure and construction eg. workers camps, Power stations.Significant for the information re the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme's development.Yellowed paper with brown print. Kiewa Scheme general plan showing its development. A lot of information is recorded. Note: Dyeline print was used which causes fading when exposed to light. Handwritten: 'Bob Duncan'bob duncan, kiewa hydro electric scheme, secv, khes development

Vessel wrecked 12 March 1985 near Lake Tyers BeachColour photograph of the remains of the fishing boat Mary Bernadette, these remains are usually covered with sand, exposed from time to time. Photograph taken from fishing boat offshore. Lake Tyers Beach Victoriashipwrecks, fishing industry

Large white paper pre-printed envelope for the Public Transport Corporation (Vic). Has the PTC logo but no return address details. The smaller DL envelopes each have a different style for the return address and use of the name, one having the logo.A stationery that is associated with a now-dissolved corporate body which existed in the 1990s. White paper printed envelope for the Public Transport Corporation (Vic) with logo. Has a removable tab on the flap exposing the adhesive section to seal the envelope. Included are three DL size envelopes - two with a window.public transport, letters, stationery, ptc, public transport corporation

When Hewitt introduced his regulating stopcock in 1887, attempts were made to dilute the nitrous oxide with air and so obviate the element of asphyxiation. The method was to be seen in London, mainly in dentistry and minor surgery, so late as 1930. It was not very successful. To give even 10% of oxygen (which is not enough) the gas-mixture must contain 55% of air and 45% of nitrous oxide. The latter is thus so diluted by atmospheric nitrogen as to be incapable of producing anaesthesia except by asphyxiation. "Gas-air" was confined to analgesia, for example in midwifery. (Source: Penn catalogue)Brown leather facemask attached to metal inhaler and stopcock device that has been sectioned to reveal its inner workings. The various exposed channels have been painted either green, red, blue or purple.Engraved into side of stopcock: HEWITT'S / N20-02 / 1895 / G. Kaye sect. 1952. •Stamped into other side of stopcock: [indecipherable] BARTH & CO. / SOLE MAKERS / 54. POLAND STREET LONDON.W.frederic hewitt, stopcock, nitrous oxide, oxygen, gas-air

CEMA Art Collection Winner of 1962 Portland Artists' Society Prize for the category Painting. Included in the 1999 "Salvage" Exhibition at CEMA Arts Centre.The painting depicts several trees on a multi-coloured ground with mountains in the background. The trees in the foreground are linear and completed in shades of browns and pinks. The work has a white, gold and blue hand-painted frame with exposed canvas.Front: Werther '62 (bottom right, brown paint) Back: PORTLAND "DEAD WATTLES" 40 GNS FRANK WERTHER COTTLES BRIDGE VIC per MAYNE NICKLESS (white chalk) Red sticker: 32 Yellow sticker: 1962cema, portland artists society

Card board box containing 3 individual envelopes (originally held 6) that hold one piece transparent plastic eye shield visors mounted on leather band with felt forehead comfort strip held by 3 staples. At the end of the leather band two lengths of black elastic material straps with one having a small hook and the other having small ring and when joined secure the shield to the wearers head. The elastic bands are secured to the leather using press studs which clip into two studs in the plastic visor to make the visor fit around the wearers face. The cardboard box is made of heavy duty cardboard with opening at one end to access the envelopes. The envelopes are beige manila type and not sealed. On cardboard Box a label - EYESHIELDS,ANTI-GAS, MK11 AIR SPRAY Action to be taken within ten minutes in the following order to prevent blisters--. 1. COTTON WASTE: Swab liquid off exposed skin. 2. OINTMENT: Rub hard on exposed skin for 1 minute. 3. EYESHIELD: Change. 4. CLOTHING: If detector shows large drops, remove or cut away as necessary. If cape "worn" swab off liquid. SMALL drops :no action. 5. OINTMENT: Rub on skin now exposed. 6. DETECTORS: If possible, remove and renew. (Tippet or Armlet). 7. WEAPONS: Decontaminate. 8. OINTMENT: Re-apply to hands. A.F.A.& CO. 1941

Front face lens, upper side handle inscribed Ensign, with and lens, right hand side clip (unable to open) for opening to add film left hand side clip to open for film, winder for opening camera, , Front face ENSIGN "All Distance" "Twenty. Left side Time, Inst, Ordinary Light, Bright Light Arrow to expose. Winder inscription "withdraw winder before opening camera"cameras, box camera, photography, pictures, film

A.C. Bridge MK 7A. A black instrument panel with controls, connectors and a 0-5- microAmpere DC indicator located on thetop face, and the electrical components located on the underside. No mounting frames, hence components exposed and vulnerable. scientific instrument, barlow and kelly, a.c. bridge

Postcard, WW1, B&W image of a partially destroyed 3 story brick house at Lagnicourt, France. Near corner blown away exposing intreior. One copy A19 See also another copy 1401.135postcard, postcard, ww1, lagnicourt, france, ruined house

35mm Agfa colour blue and white plastic mount slide - photo of a Ballarat bogie tram with the Sunshine Biscuits factory, Victoria St in the background. Poorly exposed slide. Taken Sept 1971. Photos Eldon Hogan. tramways, trams, victoria st, sunshine biscuits

Postcard, WW1, Sepia image of a partially destroyed 3 story brick house at Lagnicourt, France. Near corner blown away exposing intreior. G32 and GS handwritten in pencil on the back. See also another copy 1401.22postcard, postcard, ww1, lagnicourt, france

10cm X 15 cm coloured photograph of donor Phillip Ellison wearing checked flared leg trousers (11400.672). Subject is standing in a room with exposed beams on the ceiling. In the background can be seen a glass fronted cabinet and a bookshelf.photograph, person, checked flared trousers

772 page 1869 bible with a brown cardboard cover embossed with a cover embossed with a geometric design. The spine has Holy Bible imprinted in gold upper case lettering and is well worn with some damage exposing the stitched binding of the pages. non-fiction1869 American Bible Society Bible presented to Eliza Curtis in 1870.19th century bible, eliza curtis, david owen, e isabel owen, l florence owen, lorraine owen, sulhamstead, coulstock street, warrnambool, riverside, allansford, b aymar

Used for notetaking in an office environment.A stationery that is most likely associated with the time where the transition of the public transoprtation body from the Metropolitan Transit Authority to the Public Transport Corporation, due to the presence of both logos and the mentioning of V/LINE.A notepad with the logo of The Met (i.e., the Metropolitan Transit Authority), the title "PUBLIC TRANSPORT CORPORATION" and the text "V/LINE" at the top. A serial number (10033) is printed below. The notepad is ruled with an exposed adhesive spine desiged to tear pages off easily.public transport, the met, ptc, public transport corporation, v-line, stationery

The artefact is a piece of ship’s timber from the wreck-site of the SCHOMBERG, a vessel which collided with the Peterborough reef on her maiden voyage in December 1855. This small wooden remnant of the disaster has been concreted on one side by the accrual of marine sediment while submerged. The build-up of sediment over the remains of the vessel is typical of the site as a whole. This artefact illustrates the reclaiming power of the ocean and the gradual disappearance of timber constructed vessels that have come to grief along this coastline (for example, the THISTLE in 1837, and the CHILDREN in 1838). The SCHOMBERG was a 2,000 ton clipper ship, specifically designed for the Australian immigration trade (back-loading wool for Britain’s mills), and constructed in Hall’s shipyard in Aberdeen, Scotland. She was owned by the Black Ball Line and launched in 1855. Alexander Hall & Son were renowned builders of sleek and fast 1,000 ton clippers for the China trade (opium in, tea out) and were keen to show they could also outclass the big North American ships built by Donald Mackay. Consequently the SCHOMBERG was ‘overbuilt’. Her hull featured five ‘skins’ of Scotch Larch and Pitch Pine overlaying each other in a diagonal pattern against a stout frame of British Oak. Oak has been favoured by builders of wooden ships for centuries. Its close, dense grain made it harder to work, but also gave it great strength and durability. In addition, the lateral spread of its branches supplied a natural curvature for the ribs of a vessel’s hull, as well as providing the small corner or curved pieces (‘knees’ and ‘elbows’) that fit them together. The shape and texture of this wood sample suggests a dense hardwood like Oak. The timber has been cut off at one end since its recovery from the sea, exposing a smooth and almost shiny surface. Seasoned English Oak has a similar light brown colour and tight grained finish. At the launch the SCHOMBERG’s 34 year old master, Captain ‘Bully’ Forbes, had promised Melbourne in 60 days, "with or without the help of God." James Nicol Forbes was born in Aberdeen in 1821 and rose to fame with his record-breaking voyages on the famous Black Ball Line ships; MARCO POLO and LIGHTNING. In 1852 in the MARCO POLO he made the record passage from London to Melbourne in 68 days. There were 53 deaths on the voyage but the great news was of the record passage by the master. In 1954 Captain Forbes took the clipper LIGHTNING to Melbourne in 76 days and back in 63 days, this was never beaten by a sailing ship. He often drove his crew and ship to breaking point to beat his own records. He cared little for the comfort of the passengers. On this, the SCHOMBERG’s maiden voyage, he was going to break records. SCHOMBERG departed Liverpool on her maiden voyage on 6 October 1855 flying the sign “Sixty Days to Melbourne”. She departed with 430 passengers and 3000 tons cargo including iron rails and equipment intended to build the Melbourne to Geelong Railway and a bridge over the Yarra from Melbourne to Hawthorn. She also carried a cow for fresh milk, pens for fowls and pigs, 90,000 gallons of water for washing and drinking. It also carried 17,000 letters and 31,800 newspapers. The ship and cargo was insured for $300,000, a fortune for the time. The winds were poor as she sailed across the equator, slowing SCHOMBERG’s journey considerably. Land was first sighted on Christmas Day, at Cape Bridgewater near Portland, and Captain Forbes followed the coastline towards Melbourne. Forbes was said to be playing cards when called by the Third Mate Henry Keen, who reported land about 3 miles off, Due in large part to the captain's regarding a card game as more important than his ship, it eventually ran aground on a sand spit near Curdie's Inlet (about 56 km west of Cape Otway) on 26 December 1855, 78 days after leaving Liverpool. The sand spit and the currents were not marked on Forbes’s map. Overnight, the crew launched a lifeboat to find a safe place to land the ship’s passengers. The scouting party returned to SCHOMBERG and advised Forbes that it was best to wait until morning because the rough seas could easily overturn the small lifeboats. The ship’s Chief Officer spotted SS QUEEN at dawn and signalled the steamer. The master of the SS QUEEN approached the stranded vessel and all of SCHOMBERG’s passengers and crew were able to disembark safely. The SCHOMBERG was lost and with her, Forbes’ reputation. The Black Ball Line’s Melbourne agent sent a steamer to retrieve the passengers’ baggage from the SCHOMBERG. Other steamers helped unload her cargo until the weather changed and prevented the salvage teams from accessing the ship. Later one plunderer found a case of Wellington boots, but alas, all were for the left foot! Local merchants Manifold & Bostock bought the wreck and cargo, but did not attempt to salvage the cargo still on board the ship. They eventually sold it on to a Melbourne businessman and two seafarers. In 1864 after two of the men drowned when they tried to reach SCHOMBERG, salvage efforts were abandoned. Parts of the SCHOMBERG were washed ashore on the south island of New Zealand in 1870, nearly 15 years after the wreck. The wreck now lies in 825 metres of water. Although the woodwork is mostly disintegrated the shape of the ship can still be seen due to the remaining railway irons, girders and the ship’s frame. A variety of goods and materials can be seen scattered about nearby. Flagstaff Hill holds many items salvaged from the SCHOMBERG including a ciborium (in which a diamond ring was concealed), communion set, ship fittings and equipment, personal effects, a lithograph, tickets and photograph from the SCHOMBERG. One of the SCHOMBERG bells is in the Warrnambool Library. The SCHOMBERG collection as a whole is of historical and archaeological significance at a State level, listed on the Victorian Heritage Register VHR S612. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the SCHOMBERG is significant for its association with the Victorian Heritage Registered shipwreck. The collection is primarily significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the SCHOMBERG. The SCHOMBERG collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of an international passenger ship. The shipwreck collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The collection is also historically significant for its association with the shipwreck and the ship, which was designed to be fastest and most luxurious of its day. The SCHOMBERG collection meets the following criteria for assessment: Criterion A: Importance to the course, or pattern, of Victoria’s cultural history. Criterion B: Possession of uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of Victoria’s cultural history. Criterion C: Potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Victoria’s cultural history. A piece of wood, concreted in sediment, from the wreck of the SCHOMBERG (1855). The limestone accretion includes sand, shell grit and marine worm casings. The exposed surface of the wood is broken and worn smooth along the grain. One end of the timber has been cut or sawn off across the grain, presenting a smooth and shiny surface.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, wood segment, schomberg, shipwreck timber, alexander hall and son, limestone concretion, oak-framed hull

Critique of Davis and Prescott Aboriginal frontiers and boundaries in Australia and map, Davis, S. Australias extant and imputed traditional Aboriginal territories; uses anthropological and linguistic evidence to expose inaccuracies and lacunae in book and map; appended are comments on the Davis map by regional specialists.Maps, colour photographsindigenous land boundaries

Used to log ticket use and their value of PTC employees at one given station. At the time, PTC employees, - tram, train and bus were entitled to limited free intersystem train travel as part of their industrial awards.Logging documentation belonging to a now-superceded transit agency (since the 1990s) and free travel interstate..A set (5 pages in total) of printed paper. A serial number (4500) is printed on the upper right corner. The forms are printed like spreadsheets with boxes dedicated to different categories of information. They have an exposed adhesive spine desiged to tear pages off easily.public transport, ptc, public transport corporation

A rural location with a visible exposure of bedrock surrounded by vegetation and trees. A rock exposed high hill is in the background. The location and artist are unidentified. The location is reminscent of Hanging Rock, Woodend.This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book, "Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital imagesepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, other areas, rocks, bedrock, unknown