Showing 377 items
matching regalia
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Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - JOHN FREDERICK HARPER COLLECTION:LODGE APRON, 1950-1990's
Clothing. Cream kid-leather bound on sides and lower edge with a 5 cm wide light blue grosgrain ribbon,mitred at the lower corners. A Vshaped flap, edged on the Vshape, with a 4 cm wide blue ribbon, and attached to the apron at the top edge with a 4 cm wide blue ribbon, folded in half over the top edge. A blue rosette of the ribbon is attached to the centre of the flap, and there is a blue rosette at each side of the lower edge- all are attached by a 1.5 cm diameter blue silk covered button. A blue, 3 cm wide elastic, with silver coloured hook fastens the apron to an elastic held, silver coloured metal loop fastener.Harvey C.Smith Pty Ltd,. 57 Swanston St., Melbourne. MASONIC REGALIA SPECIALISTS.costume, male, lodge apron -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Henry Moritz, 1982
Henry Moritz lectered in Design at the Ballarat College of Advanced Education. He was a silled cartoonist and in maquetry.Photograph of Henry Moritz of the Ballarat College of Advanced Education, in academic regalia. henry moritz, academic regalia, graduations, ballarat college of advanced education -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Martin Westbrooke, 1982
Photograph of Martin Westbrooke of the Ballarat College of Advanced Education, in academic regalia. academic regalia, graduations, ballarat college of advanced education, martin westbrooke -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Colour, Vice-Chancellor David James
A man in the regalia of the University of Ballarat Vice Chancellor. It is Professor David James.david james, vice-chancellor, university of ballarat, graduations -
Lakes Entrance Regional Historical Society (operating as Lakes Entrance History Centre & Museum)
Photograph, 2015
200 year Napoleonic war re-enactment, Belgium 22 June 2015, Battle of Waterloo, plastic frame with glass front and heavy card back and standPhotograph in frame, John Couzens on horse dressed in Napoleonic war regaliaphotography, photographs, slides, film -
Unions Ballarat
Peter Lalor Lithograph, n/d
Peter Lalor rose to fame for his leading role in the Eureka Rebellion at Ballarat in 1854. He is the only outlaw to make it into parliament. The siege of Eureka culminated in November and December 1854 arising as the result of disagreement between disaffected gold miners (led by Peter Lalor) and colonial forces about compulsory mining licences. This lithograph is rare - the only one we are aware of.Eureka Stockade (Ballarat), politics and government (Victoria, Australia).Lithograph - sepia. Picture of Peter Lalor in Legislative Assembly speaker's regalia."The late Hon Peter Lalor, Ex-Speaker of the Legislative Assembly and leader of the Memorable Eureka Insurrection of 1854. Born - Tennikill, Queen's County, Ireland, 1827. Died - Melbourne, Victoria, 1889. Aged 62 years."btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, eureka stockade, lalor, peter, history - ballarat, politics and government -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Memorabilia - Realia, 1900-1923
Lodge Regalia in Small Black Case worn by Mr Wm. Lewisrupanyup, stawell -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Colour photograph, University of Ballarat Graduating International Students, 1997
Academic gowns distinguish between the University's senior office holders and our graduates. Federation University's Chancellor wears a blue robe that is trimmed with gold and features a gold embroidered frog at the shoulder and gold oak-leaf braid below the arm hole. The Deputy Chancellor and the Vice-Chancellor also wear blue robes, with gold trims and different designs inclorporating the gold oak-leaf braid, ord or tassels. The members of the university Council wear black robes with a sole of gold. Our graduates wear black robes, with either a black trancher cap or bonnet (for professional octorate) with stoles, linings or trims in the colour of their discipline. Colour photograph of University of Ballarat International Students and staff in academic regalia. international students, alumni, academic regalia, graduation, graham hood, gwenda mcmanus -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - MALE PORTRAIT, approx. 1920 - 1920
sepia, tinted photograph. Mounted on cream board. Male seated, dressed in lodge (?) regalia, bow tie, moustache. Regalia stole hand coloured in maroon and gold. 'Guest ' written in lead pencil on reverseperson, individual, portrait male -lodge -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Colour, Installation of University of Ballarat Chancellor Paul Hemming, 2012, 17/0/2012
In April 2012 former Royal Australian College of General Practitioners president Dr Paul Hemming was appointed the University of Ballarat’s new chancellor. Dr Hemming was a deputy chancellor of the university since 2011 and a member of the university council since 2007, and replaces outgoing chancellor Robert Smith. He was a founding director of Beyondblue and has been president of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners. He was also president of the Australian Medical Association Victoria and has served on numerous federal government medical bodies and tribunals. Chancellors are appointed to chair the university's council (governing body) as the senior office holder of the University. They also confer the academic awards of the university, and represent the university at meetings, functions and ceremonies. At the installation of Dr Hemming as the Fifth Chancellor Of The University Of Ballarat Governor of Victoria Alex Chrnov said: "I join Bonnie Fagan in acknowledging the traditional owners of this land and I pay my respects to their elders past and present. It is my great pleasure, as Governor of Victoria and Visitor to the University of Ballarat, to install Dr Paul Hemming as the fifth Chancellor of this University. I extend to him and his family my warmest congratulations on this appointment and wish him all the best in his new role. I have no doubt that he will be an industrious and wise leader of this University. Although the University of Ballarat is one of Australia’s newest Universities, it is the third oldest Tertiary institution in our country with the School of Mines being established in 1870. It has much to be proud of, and should be recognised for its commitment to being one of our most outstanding regionally focused higher education institutions. It offers on six campuses a diverse, yet suitably targeted, group of learning models that include higher education, TAFE and senior secondary school education, and is one of the few universities in the country that has an associated Technology Park. This University is uniquely placed to provide higher education in Regional Victoria. For example, I understand that by 2020 the population in the Ballarat area will increase by 20% so this University will have the responsibility and opportunity to provide educational opportunities for this growing population. The role of the Governor can be divided into three parts – ceremonial, constitutional and community engagement. It is the third aspect of the role that is most time consuming and, I add, enjoyable. It includes making official visits to Regional areas of Victoria. To date Elizabeth and I have been on 16 such visits and the thing that stands out is that despite the challenges that face Regional communities whether it be through natural disasters, or the economy more broadly – the stoicism, volunteerism and self reliance are always present. Ballarat is an example of such resilience and confidence in its future that can be dated back to this University’s inception. When the School of Mines was established in 1870 on the back of the gold rush era of the 1850s, the local community had vision and faith in its future that is reflected in the building of this institution. It is not dissimilar to Melbourne, where its relatively few citizens established the iconic pillars of our society like the State Library, the University of Melbourne, Parliament Houses and the National Gallery of Victoria. The contribution by the University of Ballarat to Regional Victoria cannot be overstated. Not only does it provide top educational opportunities for students from the Region but its graduates almost invariably end up working in Regional Australia, and often in their own local communities. More specifically, almost three out of every four of the graduates from this University end up finding employment in Regional areas. Such figures highlight the University’s significant contribution to the Regional economy. But its impact is not limited to our Regional areas – it extends to other parts of Australia and overseas. But like so many other higher education institutions in Australia, the University of Ballarat is facing challenges brought about by events such as global uncertainties and the high Australian dollar that impact on the inflow of international students, and dealing with students, more and more of whom come from the lower socio economic sector. It is in those circumstances that the Chancellor must show leadership that involves, amongst others, objectively guiding the Council and supporting the Vice-Chancellor, albeit without becoming involved in the day to day micro management of the University. A strong, trusting and respectful working relationship between the Chancellor and the Vice-Chancellor is, I believe, critical to the sound progress of a University. Before I turn more specifically to Dr Hemming, I would like to reflect briefly on his immediate predecessor, Emeritus Professor Robert Smith. I am sure that Dr Hemming has already found in Professor Smith an invaluable source of assistance. He was a skilled and effective leader not only here, but also in the broader higher education sector. I mention by way of example his instigation and leadership two years ago of the much acclaimed Chancellors’ Conference that was held in Melbourne. There was great diffidence amongst the Chancellors in having it at all. It was a little like herding cats. But Bob Smith spearheaded the organisation of it, with great attention to detail. And it was his hard work and leadership that resulted in the Conference being such a success and of assistance to all Chancellors who attended. It was an illustration of Bob Smith’s skills as a leader in the sector and of this University. And the sector, just as this University remains indebted to him. And I have no doubt that Dr Hemming will similarly lead this University through the challenging, yet exciting, times that lie ahead. He is eminently qualified to do so, in terms of his personal attributes, academic achievements and experience in governance. With his extensive medical career as a General Practitioner, service on a number of Federal Government medical boards and tribunals, and having been a Founding Director of ‘Beyondblue’, President of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners and President of the Australian Medical Association (Victoria), his list of personal and professional achievements, as well as his strong sense of public and community duty, is impressive. Importantly, Dr Hemming has a long standing connection with the Ballarat community, having moved here with his family from the United Kingdom in 1977. He is now even accepted as a “local” I am told. Given his range of experience to which I have referred and the time he has already spent on the Council and Standing Committees of this University, he is obviously well placed to take part in leading this University. So it is a great pleasure for me to install Dr Hemming as the fifth Chancellor of the University of Ballarat." (http://www.governor.vic.gov.au/victorias-governor/publications/speeches/speech/speech/104) Colour photographS of three men in academic regalia sitting inside the Ballarat Uniting Church, Lydiard Street South. Chancellor Dr Paul Hemming sit in the centre, with Vice-Chancellor Professor david Battersby on the left. Also audience images, academics and a dinner at Craig's Hotel.university of ballarat, federation university, regalia, chancellor, vice chancellor, paul hemming, david battersby, alex chrnov, todd walker, andy smith, craig's hotel, academics -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Mary Akers, 1982
Photograph of Jack Barker, Director of the Ballarat College of Advanced Education, in academic regalia. academic regalia, graduations, ballarat college of advanced education, mary akers -
Clunes Museum
Clothing - ODDFELLOWS REGALIA
WORN BY MEMBERS OF THE MANCHESTER UNITY OF THE INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODDFELLOWS REGALIA FOR MANCHESTER UNITY OF THE INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODDFELLOWS, .1 APRON .2 COLLAR local history, costume, male ceremonial, swainson family -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Clare Gervasoni, University of Ballarat Town and Gown Display, c2001
Academic gowns distinguish between the University's senior office holders and our graduates. Federation University's Chancellor wears a blue robe that is trimmed with gold and features a gold embroidered frog at the shoulder and gold oak-leaf braid below the arm hole. The Deputy Chancellor and the Vice-Chancellor also wear blue robes, with gold trims and different designs inclorporating the gold oak-leaf braid, ord or tassels. The members of the university Council wear black robes with a sole of gold. Our graduates wear black robes, with either a black trancher cap or bonnet (for professional octorate) with stoles, linings or trims in the colour of their discipline. An academic regalia display at the Ballarat North Football club for the University Town and Gown Dinner.town and gown, academic regalia, ballarat teachers, college, costume -
Unions Ballarat
Judgement day, Collins, Ben, 2011
Judgements and sentences of twenty five horrific crimes in Australia. Includes gang wars, Snowtown killings and Peter Falconio.Relevant to law enforcement and crime in Australia; particularly discusses murders.Paper; book. Front cover: orange and black with picture of a faceless judge in court regalia.Front cover: title and author name.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, murder, crime, law, falconio, peter, williams, carl, knight, karen, snowtown killings, gang land murders, bryant, martin, port arthur - tasmania -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Installation of Chancellor Geoffrey Blainey, c1995
Geoffrey Blainey was the inaugural Chancellor of the University of Ballarat. It is assumed this is the first graduation in 1995 at the Chancellor does not wear the University of Ballarat Chancellor's Academic regalia. Another possibility is when Geoffrey Blainey was awarded an honorary doctorate. Academic gowns distinguish between the University's senior office holders and our graduates. Federation University's Chancellor wears a blue robe that is trimmed with gold and features a gold embroidered frog at the shoulder and gold oak-leaf braid below the arm hole. The Deputy Chancellor and the Vice-Chancellor also wear blue robes, with gold trims and different designs inclorporating the gold oak-leaf braid, ord or tassels. The members of the university Council wear black robes with a sole of gold. Our graduates wear black robes, with either a black trancher cap or bonnet (for professional octorate) with stoles, linings or trims in the colour of their discipline. Two images of University of Ballarat Chancelor Geoffrey Blainey in academic regalia. .1) Coloured photograph of Geoffrey Blainey addressing the audience at a University of Ballarat Graduation Ceremony .2) Black and white image of of Geoffrey Blainey doffing his cap at a University of Ballarat Graduation Ceremonyuniversity of ballarat, geofrey blainey, blainey, chancellor, graduation -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - MALE PORTRAIT: LODGE, approx 1910
Sepia hand tinted, studio study. Mounted on stiff enamelled card. Male, upper body, bareheaded, suited, wearing regalia collar, moustached, small badge on tie knot. Regalia collar, could be Cornish written on back Jimmy Roeperson, individual, lodge -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Syd Cuffe, Town Crier, c. 1993
Coloured photo. Syd Cuffe and 2 other men in Town Crier's regalia, sitting / standing on steps outside a brick multi-storey building. All three are holding wooden trophies. A fourth man is in mayoral regalia. There is a small canon in the middle of the group.Back: black stamp 'Copyrighted Strictly Photographics' -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Syd Cuffe, Portland Town Crier, 1991
Syd Cuffe was the Portland Town Crier from 1983 to 2013. The role of Town Crier was created for Syd Cuffe in 1983 in the lead up to Portland’s 150th anniversary celebrations held in 1984-85. 200 items from Mr. Cuffe’s estate were donated to the Glenelg Shire Cultural Collection. The items relate to his town crying activities and community work across the Shire and further afield.Coloured photo. Syd Cuffe in town crier regalia reading from a scroll, Knox City 1991.Back: 'Knox City 1991' hand written, blue birosyd cuffe, town crier -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Portland Town Crier, Syd Cuffe, c. 1997
Syd Cuffe was the Portland Town Crier from 1983 to 2013. The role of Town Crier was created for Syd Cuffe in 1983 in the lead up to Portland’s 150th anniversary celebrations held in 1984-85. 200 items from Mr. Cuffe’s estate were donated to the Glenelg Shire Cultural Collection. The items relate to his town crying activities and community work across the Shire and further afield.Coloured photo. Close-up of Sid Cuffe, in Town Crier regalia, delivering a cry, Ingersol, Ontarioportland town crier, travel, canada, syd cuffe -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Syd Cuffe, Town Crier, 19/11/1984
Syd Cuffe was the Portland Town Crier from 1983 to 2013. The role of Town Crier was created for Syd Cuffe in 1983 in the lead up to Portland’s 150th anniversary celebrations held in 1984-85. 200 items from Mr. Cuffe’s estate were donated to the Glenelg Shire Cultural Collection. The items relate to his town crying activities and community work across the Shire and further afield.Coloured photo. Syd Cuffe in Town Crier's regalia, standing with others beside steam engine and carriages.Back: '19 NOV 1984' - stamp, top left corner -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Syd Cuffe, Town Crier, n.d
Syd Cuffe was the Portland Town Crier from 1983 to 2013. The role of Town Crier was created for Syd Cuffe in 1983 in the lead up to Portland’s 150th anniversary celebrations held in 1984-85. 200 items from Mr. Cuffe’s estate were donated to the Glenelg Shire Cultural Collection. The items relate to his town crying activities and community work across the Shire and further afield.Coloured photo. Syd Cuffe in Town Crier regalia Portland foreshore. KS Anderson wharf in background. -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph- Syd Cuffe, Town Crier, n.d
Syd Cuffe was the Portland Town Crier from 1983 to 2013. The role of Town Crier was created for Syd Cuffe in 1983 in the lead up to Portland’s 150th anniversary celebrations held in 1984-85. 200 items from Mr. Cuffe’s estate were donated to the Glenelg Shire Cultural Collection. The items relate to his town crying activities and community work across the Shire and further afield.Coloured photo. Syd Cuffe in Town Crier's regalia delivering a cry, outdoors, coloured bunting in background. -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Syd Cuffe, Town Crier, n.d
Syd Cuffe was the Portland Town Crier from 1983 to 2013. The role of Town Crier was created for Syd Cuffe in 1983 in the lead up to Portland’s 150th anniversary celebrations held in 1984-85. 200 items from Mr. Cuffe’s estate were donated to the Glenelg Shire Cultural Collection. The items relate to his town crying activities and community work across the Shire and further afield.Coloured photo. Syd Cuffe in Town Crier's regalia, with a woman in a blue hat and dress, white jacket. -
Clunes Museum
Photograph, RICHARDS AND CO
Black and white photograph mounted on cardboard of two young girls in Scottish regalia, seated in front of windowOn Front: Richards & Co Ballarat On Reverse: Handwritten in black ink "To Miss Robertson with Christmas wishes from Elma and Rosa 1918"robertson, rosa, elma -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, Moderator the Rev. Ron Upson and Moderator Elect the Rev. Brian Giddings arrive at Synod, 1986
B&W full length photograph of Reverends Ron Upson and Brian Giddings, dressed in moderatorial regalia."Rev R Upson Rev B Giddings sheet 3.4 with extended caption"upson, ron, rev., giddings, brian, rev. -
Unions Ballarat
Constructing fear : Australia's secret industrial inquisition, Loh, Joe et al, 2005
A documentary about the Australian Building Construction Commission which was a coercive regulatory body empowered to investigate and prosecute breaches of industrial relations laws. It was created to particularly target strong building unions. Penalties imposed by the ABCC were severe - for example, terms of imprisonment and individual fines of up to $28,500 for failure to comply with summonses, refusal to answer questions, and disclosure to others of anything that happened at ABCC's closed tribunal. ABCC was disbanded in 2012, but the Turnbull Coalition government has attempted to revive the organisation in 2016. The failure to obtain Senate approval triggered the double-dissolution of Federal parliament and subsequent election in July 2016.Relevant to the history of unions and industrial relations in Australia. Also relates to government union relations.DVD Front cover: colour picture of a lawyer in court regalia and a howling dog; black and yellow lettering.Front cover: title and maker's name.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, abcc, australian building construction commission, unions, building unions, industrial relations, industrial tribunals, politics and government, howard, john, liberal party australia, cfmeu, cfmeu mining and energy division -
Royal District Nursing Service (now known as Bolton Clarke)
Photograph - Photograph, black and white, Barry Sutton, 13 07 1971
The photograph was taken in the Board Room of Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS) 452 St. Kilda Road, Melbourne. It was taken after Sister Pat (Paddy) Rowley received her Fellowship of the Australian College of Nursing. The Australian College of Nursing describes the Fellowship as follows: "Fellowship of the Australian College of Nursing (ACN), is a prestigious member status awarded to nurses in recognition of significant professional achievement. Fellowship recognizes the experience and contribution of nurse leaders to ACN and the profession".The regalia worn by Sr. Rowley as a Fellow, is a black gown with the wide trim to the front edges of scarlet satin and the regalia hood of inner white and outer scarlet satin. Sr. Rowley is the Principal Nurse Educator at RDNS.Sister Rowley commenced at Melbourne District Nursing Society (MDNS) in 1956 working as a District Nurse in a large district covering South Melbourne, Albert Park, Middle Park, and suburbs bordering from St. Kilda to Port Melbourne. In 1961 she was asked to be a Control Sister answering the telephones in Headquarters. She left MDNS for a short period, and after being asked to return was accepted, in August 1962 to take the MDNS 2nd Post Basic Course written by Miss Mary Evans; during this time Sr. Rowley wrote a paper on Liaison which led to continuity of care of patients between hospitals and RDNS. Following the course she commenced in Education and rewrote the Post Basic Course. In 1964 Sr. Rowley commenced, on a part time basis, working as a Liaison Officer at the Alfred Hospital. She attended the Teachers College, doing the 12 month course in 6 months, but this course did not have a health component, so she applied, and received, a Florence Nightingale Scholarship to the College of Nursing, gaining her Diploma of Nursing Education in 1968. Following this she became the, now named, Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), Education Officer. In 1969 Sr. Rowley, with Miss Mary Evans, DON, attended the quadrennial Congress of the International Council of Nurses in Montreal, Canada and then Sr. Rowley visited USA looking at Public Health Nursing Education programs. As well as her RDNS work, Sr. Rowley became Nursing Consultant to the St. John's Ambulance Association in 1970, assisting in planning their Home Nursing Course book. In July 1971 Sister Pat (Paddy) Rowley, was awarded Fellowship of the Australian College of Nursing (ACN). The Australian College of Nursing describes the Fellowship as follows: "Fellowship of the Australian College of Nursing (ACN), is a prestigious member status awarded to nurses in recognition of significant professional achievement. Fellowship recognizes the experience and contribution of nurse leaders to ACN and the profession”. Sr. Rowley was then appointed as Principal Nurse Educator and wrote many of the programs for the Education department. Working as an Educator she travelled to regional hospitals, e.g. in Geelong and Ballarat to give lectures on District Nursing. When the Education Department relocated to 488 St. Kilda Road, she arranged the floor plan of the rooms. Sister Rowley retired from RDNS in 1988 having worked for 26 years in Education and a total of 32 years with the Melbourne, later named Royal, District Nursing Service. . Black and white photograph of a three quarter length view of Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), Sister Pat (Paddy) Rowley. Sister Rowley, who has her head turned slightly toward the left of the photograph, is wearing dark rimmed glasses and has short dark straight hair. Over her light coloured top, she is wearing a black long open gown with wide trim, and regalia hood of white inner and dark outer satin. Her hands are clasped to the front holding a rolled white certificate held closed with a ribbon and bow. In the background the left edge of a framed landscape painting is seen on the wall. Part of Photographer stamp. Quote No. KJ 57royal district nursing service, rdns, fellowship of the acn, melbourne district nursing service, sister pat (paddy) rowley -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Images - Syd Cuffe, Town Crier, n.d
Syd Cuffe was the Portland Town Crier from 1983 to 2013. The role of Town Crier was created for Syd Cuffe in 1983 in the lead up to Portland’s 150th anniversary celebrations held in 1984-85. 200 items from Mr. Cuffe’s estate were donated to the Glenelg Shire Cultural Collection. The items relate to his town crying activities and community work across the Shire and further afield.Identification numbers 9217 a,b Two images of Syd Cuffe printed on one sheet of photographic paper. One shows Syd sitting on a chair, in Town Crier regalia. Other shows Syd standing at lectern in Town Crier regalia. Both photos at same function. -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Dr Aziz Albazzaz and his son Adam Azhar Albazzaz, 27/04/1997
n 1994 Adam Azhir Abazziz was awarded a Bachelor of Engineering.University of Ballarat kecxturer inEngineering Dr Aziz Albazzaz, and his son Adam Azhar Albazzaz in academic regalia.aziz albazzaz, adam azhar albazzaz, staffmember, alumni, graduation, academic regalia -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph - Photograph -Syd Cuffe, Town Crier, c. 1991
Syd Cuffe was the Portland Town Crier from 1983 to 2013. The role of Town Crier was created for Syd Cuffe in 1983 in the lead up to Portland’s 150th anniversary celebrations held in 1984-85. 200 items from Mr. Cuffe’s estate were donated to the Glenelg Shire Cultural Collection. The items relate to his town crying activities and community work across the Shire and further afield.Colour photo. Syd Cuffe in Town Crier regalia, reading aloud from a scroll, Knox City, 1991Back: 'Knox City 1991' - hand written blue biro