Showing 1647 items
matching pilots
-
Bendigo Military Museum
Photograph - PHOTOGRAPH WW1, The Red Baron (Manfred Von Richtofen), Post WW1
Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen (2 May 1892 – 21 April 1918), also known as the "Red Baron", was a fighter pilot with the German Air Force during World War I. He is considered the ace-of-aces of the war, being officially credited with 80 air combat victories. The evidence indicates that he was shot down by ground fire from Australian troops. This picture was taken after Manfred von Richtofen had been killed B & W photo from a glass plate of German Ace Richthofen in death.photographs, german, red baron -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Uniform - Dress uniform, RAAF
This item was donated as part of the estate of Air Vice Marshal Alan Reed, the first Patron of NVVM. Alan served in the RAAF between June 1952 and November 1990. The only RAAF pilot to fly the Lincoln, Canberra F-4 Phantom and F-111 in RAAF service, he served in Vietnam from 26 May 1968 until 20 November 1968. For most of that time, he was detached to the 12th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron, US Air Force. Jacket, Dress Vest, Braces, Dress Pants, Dress pants, Gloves. All belonged to Alan Reed Label RHS inner with details:-Hand tailored by kings Tailors 66 Wickham St. Brisbane. uniform, alan reed, airforce, vietnam, raaf, dress uniform -
Queenscliffe Maritime Museum
Newspaper - Articles re the steam-packet "Great Britain" and other 'cuttings', Photographer unknown, Plates and stories, 28 August 1952
An original newspaper cutting from The Illustrated London News 28 August 1852 regarding the steam-packet Great Britain leaving London for Port Phillip and Sydney.Realism, historical, etchings1. An original newspaper cutting from The Illustrated London News 28 Aug 1852 regarding the steam-packet GREAT BRITAIN leaving London for Port Phillip and Sydney. 2. Geelong Advertiser LTTE 09 Sep 1986 from the Alsop Family re SS Great Britain 3. Photocopy of an article from the 'Coastal Pilot' 1968 re the hand-over of a painting of the SS Great Britain to the QHS. 4. Cut-out from The Echo 20 Sep 1988 re SS Great BritainOn the reverse - [NIL] 1852, steam-packet ship, iron-screw steam-ship, ss great britain -
Northern District School of Nursing. Managed by Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - Obituary for Marjorie Allan Scott 1918 - 1988
The Northern District School of Nursing opened in 1950 in to address the issues around nurse recruitment, training and education that had previously been hospital based. The residential school was to provide theoretical and in-house education and practical training over three years. The students would also receive practical hands-on training in the wards of associated hospitals. The Northern District School of Nursing operated from Lister House, Rowan Street, Bendigo. It was the first independent school of nursing in Victoria and continued until it closed in 1989. The book "The First of its Kind" was published in 2015. Printed in Bendigo by "Bendigo Modern Press". Memories compiled by Peter Rosewall; who attended the last NDSN school PTS 108 between 1986 - 89.Two copies of newspaper cutting titled "Flying Angel to Diggers" Marjorie Allan Scott from Herald Sun March 30, 1998. Provided by Janene Mcnamara School 53 February 1962. Marjorie flew with Airforce pilots in the Pacific accompanying rescued wounded diggers. She started nursing at St Luke's Toddler's Home in Bendigo and joined the Royal Australian Airforce in 1940 to join the Medical Air Evacuation Transport Unit. After the war in 1946, she became a tutor sister at NDSN then became assistant Dean. memoir, nursing, tutor ndsn, raaf medical air evacuation transport unit, st lukes toddler's home, assistant dean -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Gibbons, Denis, The Playboys 2
Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection.A black and white photograph of a Huey Gunship from the 1st Platoon 334th Armed Helicopter with its windscreen sprayed with mud from the explosion after firing two rockets into a VietCong sampan, loaded with explosives and ammunition attempting to enter South Vietnam down the Mekong River from Cambodia. The sampan was blown to pieces with all on board being killed and the force of the explosion pushing the nose of the helicopter upwards. nearly turning the aircraft over. The pilot had to fight the controls to regain a normal flying attitude.photograph, 1st platoon, 334th armed helicopter coy, huey helicopter, the playboys, mekong river, cambodia, gibbons collection catalogue, denis gibbons, photographer, vietnam war, vietcong, sanpan -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, 1/04/1969 12:00:00 AM
Black and white photograph of 4 RAAF airmen standing behind a bomb: two on either side are shirtless, two in middle wear flying suits and hold helmets. Anzac Day Special 750-pounder, the 40000th bomb in 2 years of 2 Squadron. Pictured left to right are Leading Aircraftman Ian Senini (/Armourer), Squadron Leader Bruce Hunt (Navigator), Flying Officer Peter Salvair (Pilot), Sgt Ronald O'Neill (Armament Fitter). Flying Officer Salvair competed 241 missions in 11 months. Anzac Day Special Apr 69. 40,000th Bombphotograph, bomb -
Alfred Hospital Nurses League - Nursing Archive
Book - Illustrated book, George Blaikie 1915-1995, Great women of history, 1984
Brief biographies of 43 women of prominence in various categoriesIllustrated book with yellow front cover on which tile and author's name are printed in brown ink. There are also one large and four smaller illustrations of women on the front cover (large illustration is Catherine of Aragon, the other illustrations clockwise from top left are Amy Johnson, Annette Kellerman, Dane Ellen Terry and Anna Pavlova) Title, author's and publisher's names are printed in brown on a white background on the spine. A brown and white photograph of a female pilot (Amelia Earhart) along with a list of some of the women written about in the booknon-fictionBrief biographies of 43 women of prominence in various categorieswomen-biographies, women-history -
Moorabbin Air Museum
Accessory (Item) - Leather Satchel Marked With Associated Airlines - Melbourne
-
Bendigo Military Museum
Photograph - PHOTOGRAPH, FRAMED, 1942 - 1943
Malcolm John TAYLOR enlisted in the RAAF on 19.6.1942 aged 19 years, service No 418772. On 4.3.1943 his records show he was granted his Air Gunners badge, received the rank of Pilot Officer (P/O) on 25.6.1943, posted to No 31 Sqd RAAF (Beaufighters) on 1.10.1943, 4.12.1943 reported missing believed killed on a non operational flight from Aust. The same day his records show “presumed dead by Air Ministry”. Refer Cat No's 113, 114.2, 115.2. Photo, plain black frame of Malcolm John TAYLOR in uniform, garden in background. photography-photographs, military history, raaf -
Moorabbin Air Museum
Document (Item) - Photocopies of Part of the Log Book of Lloyd D Knight, Wirraway A20-10, 01/05/2015
This photocopy was donated by Lloyd, who flew Wirraway A20-10 several times during his career. Wirraway A20-10 is currently part of the Moorabbin Air Museum's collection. Lloyd flew A20-10 while training at Uranquinty, NSW, as part of No. 8 Pilots Course, in 1952. Later, Lloyd flew A20-10 while attached to Base Squadron, Point Cook, Victoria in 1955 and as a Flying Instructor at No. 1 AFTS and the RAAF College between 1956-1958. -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
Photograph, S.S. Buchanness
In an article from the Argus, Monday 7 March 1927, page 21: "Surprise was caused on the waterfront yesterday by the appearance of the Reardon Smith line steamer Buchanness, which armed in Hobson's Bay with a list to port of more than 15deg. The vessel anchored off Gellibrand yesterday morning, and a consultation was held concerning the advisability of attempting the passage up the Yarra. The list changed to 12deg. before the tug James Paterson came alongside the Buchanness, and the steamer was piloted to a berth at No 18 South Wharf by Captain K.A. Forbes. The list was caused by the consumption of the fuel oil from bunkers below the waterline and the consequent overbalancing of the vessel by the heavy deck cargo. This wass not considered dangerous by either the master of the vessel or the pilot, both of whom stated that a ship carrying timber was liable to become unstable to some extent without showing any tendency to heel over. The Buhanness comes from North Pacific lumber ports with 4,300,000 super feet of red wood, oregon, and spruce timber, all of which will be discharged at this port to the agency of C.A. Wilms and Son. The discharge will occupy about three weeks.weller album, s.s. buchanness, timber, lumber, 1927, oregon -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
Photograph
In an article from the Argus, Monday 7 March 1927, page 21: "Surprise was caused on the waterfront yesterday by the appearance of the Reardon Smith line steamer Buchanness, which armed in Hobson's Bay with a list to port of more than 15deg. The vessel anchored off Gellibrand yesterday morning, and a consultation was held concerning the advisability of attempting the passage up the Yarra. The list changed to 12deg. before the tug James Paterson came alongside the Buchanness, and the steamer was piloted to a berth at No 18 South Wharf by Captain K.A. Forbes. The list was caused by the consumption of the fuel oil from bunkers below the waterline and the consequent overbalancing of the vessel by the heavy deck cargo. This wass not considered dangerous by either the master of the vessel or the pilot, both of whom stated that a ship carrying timber was liable to become unstable to some extent without showing any tendency to heel over. The Buhanness comes from North Pacific lumber ports with 4,300,000 super feet of red wood, oregon, and spruce timber, all of which will be discharged at this port to the agency of C.A. Wilms and Son. The discharge will occupy about three weeks.weller album, s.s. buchanness, oregon, timber, lumber, 1927 -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Equipment - Ship's Telegraph section, A. Robinson & Co. Ltd, Late-19th to mid-20th centuries
The ship’s communication system that was used from the late 19th century to early-to-mid-20th-century is called an Engine Order Telegraph (E.O.T.) or ship’s telegraph. The system has two parts, the Bridge Section and the Engine Room Section. The Bridge Section is usually mounted on top of a pedestal, and the Engine Room Section is often attached to a vertical surface. The standard commands printed or stamped onto the dial are the directions of AHEAD and ASTERN, and the speeds of STOP, SLOW, HALF, and FULL. The ship’s pilot on the Bridge of a vessel sends his Orders for speed and direction to the to the Engine Room with the E.O.T. He moves the lever or levers, depending on the number of engines the ship has, to change the indicator on the Bridge Section’s dial to point in the new direction and speed of travel. This change causes the Orders to be duplicated on the Engine Room Section’s dial and a bell to signal the change at the same time. The engineer then adjusts the ship’s engines and steering equipment to follow the pilot’s Order. The manufacturer, A. Robinson & Co. Ltd of Liverpool, established his business in 1780 and continued until 1968 when the business was purchased by marine products maker Chadburns, established in London in 1870.This Engine Room section is part of a ship's telegraph communication system and represents marine technology used in the late-19th to mid-20th-century. Engine Room Section of a ship’s telegraph or Engine Order Telegraph (E.O.T.). The round brass dial has inscriptions stamped around its edge and centre. Red inlaid glass plates have inscriptions in white paint on them. The inscriptions are nautical terms for direction and speed and include the maker’s details. A rotating pointer is joined to the centre of the dial. The maker is A. Robinson & Co. Ltd of Liverpool. Stamped: “FULL / HALF / SLOW / STOP / FULL / HALF / SLOW / STOP”, “AHEAD / ASTERN” Printed: “FULL / HALF / SLOW / STOP / FULL / HALF / SLOW / STOP” Stamped on the dial: “A. ROBINSON & CO. LTD / MANUFACTURERS / LIVERPOOL”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, marine technology, marine communications, engine order telegraph, e.o.t., ship’s telegraph, bridge section, engine room section, ship’s engine telegraph section, marine telegraph, a. robinson & co. ltd, liverpool -
Wooragee Landcare Group
Photograph
This photograph was taken in April 2004, on the field day in Mount Pilot-Chiltern National Park as part of a workshop on quolls, led by Andrew Murray, then president of the South East Forests Spot-Tailed Quoll Working Group. IThis event was prompted by a desire to find out if quolls still lived in Mount Pilot-Chiltern National Park, as there had been no confirmed sightings since the 2003 bushfires. Andy Murray helped lead the efforts to find them. Currently, landcare group efforts have found evidence of a small but present spot-tailed quoll population in the park. Reasons for the decrease in population include fox populations in the area and destruction of habitat. Pictured, L-R: unknown, Andy Murray, unknown, Jerry Alexander, Geoff Galbraith, Mary Prowse The spotted-tailed quoll, also called the Tiger Quoll, is an endangered Australian animal. It is the largest carnivorous mammal in Australia, and is native to Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, and Tasmania. Slightly larger than a cat, the animals fur is normally brown, with black marking and white spots. Currently, there are approximately 14,000 spotted-tailed quolls in the wild.This photograph is significant as an example of events used by the Wooragee Landcare Group to inform the public on local environmental issues, and for its link to the hunt for the spotted-tailed quoll.Landscape colour photgraph printed on gloss paper. Reverse (partial) WAN quoll, south east forest spotted-tailed quoll working group, spotted-tailed quoll, tiger, mt pilot, andrew murray quolls, andy murray quolls, andrew murray, mount pilot chiltern national park, foxes, endangered quoll, queries about quolls, quoll species, wooragee, wooragee landcare, wooragee landcare group, jerry alexander, geoff galbraith, mary prowse, bushfire, chiltern -
Moorabbin Air Museum
document (item) - John Wells Collection - see Description for details of photo collection
-
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document - School Project, Remembering a casualty of World War II, 1/06/1997 12:00:00 AM
A Luther College Year 10 essayA Luther College Year 10 essay which researches the history of George Maxwell Walker (1924 - 1944). A pilot with the R.A.A.F. who spent much of his flying days with the British R.A.F. At the time of his death his squadron was carrying out anti-submarine patrols and internal security in and around the Middle East. He was the son of George Walker and grandson of Edgar and Myra Walker, owners of Australia Tesselated Tile Company. The George Walker family lived in Harrison St, Mitcham. The home is on the City of Whitehorse Heritage planning overlay.A Luther College Year 10 essay walker, george maxwell, royal australian air force, royal air force, world war, 1939 - 1945, war memorials -
Queenscliffe Maritime Museum
Flag - UK 'Request for Pilot' flag
The Ship Owners proposed a Union Jack with a six inch red border on all sides. They thought this would be cheaper than introducing a new flag, as every ship already had a Union Jack. They also suggested that in the proposed Regulations relating to Pilotage the same flag should be specified as the signal for a pilot. Their Lordships agreed to this, but the border was to be white instead of red, and the size of the border was to be a proportion of the size of the flag. The new flag was warranted on 8 July 1823, the details published in the London Gazette on the 9th, to be effective 1 January 1824. The establishment of the Union Jack on a white boarder as a request for pilot flag in British port took effect from 1824.Flag flown by UK registered merchant vessels requiring pilotage on approach to UK portspilot flag, union jack, flags -
Moorabbin Air Museum
Machine - CAC CA-6 Wackett Trainer A3-22 (VH-ALV), 1941
Historical Details: The AARG Wackett Trainer A3-22 was the 22nd production example (and 24th one built) and was delivered to the RAAF in August 1941. It served briefly at 3EFTS at Essendon VIC as an Intermediate Trainer until being re-issued to the Central Flying School at C. Description: This wood and fabric monoplane was designed by Lawrence Wackett in 1938 as a basic trainer and was built by the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC) at Fishermen’s Bend. RAAF pilots, trained on the Tiger Moth and aspiring to fly the more powerful Wirra. Level of Importance: National -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Uniform - Dress gloves
Gloves worn as part of Alan Reed's dress uniform. This item was donated as part of the estate of Air Vice Marshal Alan Reed, the first Patron of NVVM. Alan served in the RAAF between June 1952 and November 1990. The only RAAF pilot to fly the Lincoln, Canberra F-4 Phantom and F-111 in RAAF service, he served in Vietnam from 26 May 1968 until 20 November 1968. For most of that time, he was detached to the 12th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron, US Air Force. Dress gloves in nylon cream colored fabric. Metal press stud at wrist. Three pin stripes on front of each glove.Tag on inside of left glove "100% nylon" made in Hong Konggloves, alan reed, uniform, raaf uniform, raaf, dress uniform -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Book - Catalogue, The Australian Airmail Catalogue, 1990
This is a catalogue of postal covers carried by air mail with flight details.This is a hard cover book of 307 pages. It has a blue cover with five images of early airmail cards and black printing. It contains printed information on airmail letters and cards and images of many of these letters and cards. It contains valuations of these cards and letters as in 1990. The book has a plastic covering.non-fictionThis is a catalogue of postal covers carried by air mail with flight details. aviation in australia, early aviation in warrnambool, history of warrnambool -
Glen Eira Historical Society
Document - Melbourne Aerodrome, Grange Road, Glen Huntly
... Pilots ...Typed Research (2 pages, 3 copies) on History of Melbourne Aerodrome, Grange Road, Glen Huntly, Researched By Gladys Vallati And Taken From Documents In The Caulfield City Council Archives. Lists The Community’s Concern About The Noise of Aeroplanes And The Need for Legislation.glenhuntly, churches, pilots, grange road, carnegie, aviation, caulfield, wharington. w, snowball or, royal avenue, caulfield city council, vallati gladys, garden avenue, local government, melbourne aerodrome -
Ringwood RSL Sub-Branch
Flying the Mail, Book- Aviation
Vinyl Exterior, printed paper pages.After landing his D.H.4 safely at a midwestern airfield in the face of a brewing storm. A United States mail pilot clambers out of the cockpit as ground crew unload his cargo. In this authentically detailed scene of the airmails early years by French aviation artist Paul Lengell'e a postal clerk checks the mailbags and packages against a manifest before they are loaded into the waiting truck. -
Orbost & District Historical Society
piano roll, Anglo-American Player Roll Co, 1930's
To make a piano roll, when the recording artist depresses a key on a specially wired-up piano, a signal is sent to a recording machine, which punches holes in a moving roll of paper. Originally, editing was done by punching extra holes by hand or patching unwanted holes with sticky tape but eventually the process was done by computer.• The music is A Lone Girl Flyer with the words and music by Jack O'Hagan. It was published in Melbourne by Allan's, c1930 and was dedicated to Miss Amy Johnson, a pioneering English aviator, the first female pilot to fly alone from Britain to Australia. It is an example of musical recreation of the 1930's. Brown paper roll of pianola paper (.1) in black box (.2) with lid. Broadway hard roll 1694 - A lone Girl Flyer ( march song O'Hagan). It has a duty stamp attached - Allan & Co Music Co Ltd MelbourneBroadwaypianola lone-girl-flyer johnson-amy music -
Nhill Aviation Heritage Centre
Book, K. O'Reilly, In Just Five Years - 1941 to 1946, Published 2009
Hardback,history of the RAAF & Nhill in World War II 1941 - 1946, written by Kevin O'Reilly. Front coloured white & blue, photo of Avro Anson Mk1 on front, with emblems of RAAF and Shire of Lowan. Reverse in simlilar colours, with cartoons and 8 small photos. Preface by Chris G Spence AO, Air Vice Marshal (Retd).history world war ii, raaf base nhill, 1941 1946, kevin o reilly, john clarkson, peter isaccson wing commander retd am dfc afc dfm, chris, spence, air vice marshal retd -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Souvenir - Commemorative Sandwich Plate - The MacRobertson Trophy Air Race, c. 1934
From Wikipedia: The MacRobertson Trophy Air Race (also known as the London to Melbourne Air Race) took place in October 1934 as part of the Melbourne Centenary celebrations. The race was devised by the Lord Mayor of Melbourne, Sir Harold Gengoult Smith,[1] and the prize money of £15,000 was provided by Sir Macpherson Robertson, a wealthy Australian confectionery manufacturer, on the conditions that the race be named after his MacRobertson confectionery company, and that it was organised to be as safe as possible.[2] A further condition was that a gold medal be awarded to each pilot who completed the course within 16 daysClear glass sandwich plate, commemorating the Air Race from UK to Australia. Map of UK and Australia, aeroplanes, etched into glass.Front: VICTORIAN AND MELBOURNE CENTENARY 1934-1935 - etched from beneathuk australia air race, macrobertson air race, 1934, melbourne centenary -
Queenscliffe Maritime Museum
Sign - Metal letter A
The steamship, SS Australia, was built in Greenock, Scotland in 1892, for the P & O Steam Navigation Company. Australia was considered to be one of the most luxurious vessels afloat and she held the speed record from England to Australia at the time. On 21st June 1904, due to pilot error, the Australia hit the notorious Corsair Rock, part of the Point Nepean Reef, on the eastern side of Port Philip heads, opening a gaping 5 meter hole along her keel. Passengers and some of the crew were rescued by craft sent from Queenscliff.Relic from a significant wreck on Corsair Rock at Point NepeanMetal letter A mounted on timber board in front with salvage account on the backAccount of salvage of artefactsign, ships name, ss australia -
Moorabbin Air Museum
Archive (Item) - Box BDA8C Boeing (Gaf / Asta) Collection
Description: Box BDA 8B - folders - labelled: ASTA NOMAD 22S PILOTS OPERATING HANDBOOK ASTA NOMAD N24 MAINTENANCE MANUAL VOL 4 ASTA NOMAD N22 VOL 5 ASTA NOMAD N22 VOL 6 ASTA NOMAD N22 VOL 7 Level of Importance: National. Historical Details: DAP/GAF/ASTA constructed many overseas designs under licence in Australia (Beaufort, Beaufighter, Lincoln, Canberra and F18) however they also designed and constructed a number of significant local designs that were successful in oversea's markets includi -
Melbourne Legacy
Document - Document, article, Legatee Ron Foskett, President 1972
A cutting from from a Melbourne Legacy President's report showing a photo of Legatee Ron Foskett (President of Melbourne Legacy in 1972). It was collected to be a record of a photo of past presidents. In World War 2 Legatee Foskett was a pilot in the RAAF and served as a Catalina Flying Boat Skipper in South East Asia and the Pacific. He joined Legacy in 1949. The article was part of an album of past presidents from 1965 to 1989. The folder included biographical details and obituaries, eulogies and death notices of prominent Legatees. The items have been catalogued separately.A record of Legatee Ron Foskett a past president of Legacy. The information was collected to record the lives of prominent legatees in a folder.Article with a black and white photo of Legatee RJA (Ron) Foskett - President 1972past presidents, ron foskett -
Bendigo Military Museum
Uniform - UNIFORM, AIR FORCE, 1) .2) Carr, Son and Woor LTD, C.1944
Richard Noel Levy No 428329 RAAF enlisted on 10.10.1942 age 18 years, he flew with No 180 Sqd "B 25 Mitchell Bombers" flying 49 missions over Germany, his first operation was on 30 11.1944, discharged from the RAAF with the rank of Flying Officer on 3.1 1946.1) RAAF uniform jacket dark blue colour, inner soft lining complete with buttons, belt, Pilot Officers insignia and 3 x service ribbons being 1939 - 45 star, France and Germany Star and Defence medal. Tag on inside pocket with makers and owners details, sleeves have metal crown and wings on. .2)Trousers, dark blue complete with buttons, tag sewn on with makers and owners details. .3) Hat peak RAAF blue colour with Crown and Wings on front, black hat band with black leather strap, leather liner, tag sewn on inside..1) On tag in pocket, " "Oct 1944 P/O R.N.Levy RAAF". .2) Same as .1) .3) "R.N.Levy"raaf, uniforms -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - JENNY FOLEY COLLECTION: UP AND AWAY
Bendigo Advertiser "The way we were" from Wednesday, May 12, 2004. Up and away: former Bendigo mayor Cr T.R. Flood, on right, gets ready to take off with an unnamed Qantas pilot of the first Boeing 707/338C, with a convertible passenger-cargo cabin, in 1967. The jet, named The City of Bendigo, took the mayor, and six other Bendigonians, from Avalon to Sydney, including a cruise over Melbourne. The Bendigo party were also guests of Qantas at the then modern Wentworth Hotel. Before returning to Victoria, they were taken on a tour of the Kingsford Smith aerodrome at Mascot.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were