William Schreiner was a barrister, politician, statesman, and Prime Minister of the Cape Colony during the Second Boer War. His proximity to parliamentarians gave him an entry to political life. In 1893 he was elected a member of the Cape Parliament for Kimberly. He became Attorney-General in Cecil Rhodes's cabinet. In1896, Schreiner and the rest of the parliamentary ministers resigned when it became obvious what Cecil Rhodes ambitions were. That ended Rhodes's term as Prime Minister. Schreiner advocated integration and equal rights for all "civilised" men. His dedication to this ideal was proved when he resigned from the National Convention in order to represent Dinuzulu, who was to stand trial for his alleged treasonous participation in the rebellion of 1906. With the forming of the Union Government in 1910 he became one of the first senators nominated to look after Black interests. In 1906 the so-called Bambatha rebellion broke out. Dinuzulu was accused of giving orders to Bambatha to start the rebellion and put on trial for treason. He was sentenced to four years imprisonment. When General Louis Botha became Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa he ordered Dinuzulu be released and transported to the farm Uitk yk in Transvaal. The Bambartha rebellion was a Zulu revolt against British rule and taxation in Natal. Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.william schreiner, barrister, politician, prime minister, cape colony, second boer war, attorney-general, cecil rhodes's cabinet, intergration and equal rights, national convention, dinuzulu, union government, bambartha rebellion, louis botha, uniion of south africa

William Penn Symons' first combat experience was in South Africa during the Ninth Xhosa War, 1877-78. In 1879 he took part in the Zulu war. He then served during the Burma Expedition (1885-89). In 1889 he received the Companion of the Order of the Bath. In 1898, following other campaigns, he was awarded the Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. In 1899, Symons was given the staff rank of brigadier general and was to be General Officer Commanding of Natal. He was asked by the War Office to advise on the number of troops required to safely garrison the Natal from the threat of invasion from the Boer Republics of the Transvaal and Orange Free states. Cabinet decided to send ten thousand extra troop abut they also appointed Lieutenant General Sir George White to supersede Symons as Generat Officer Commanding in Natal. Penn Symons, on his own authority deployed one of his brigades to Dundee, a town north of Ladysmith. The position of Ladysmith anad Dundee was precarious as they stand in a triangle of Natal, Orange Free State and Transvaal. White wanted to recall the Dundee garrison to Ladysmith but because of political pressure from Sit Walter Hely-Harrison, the Governor of Natal, he agreed to leave them there. The Boers declared war on 11 October and began crossing the Natal borders the following day. On 20 October 1899 Boer troops on the nearby Talana Hill proceeded to open fire on the town. The British guns moved to return fire as the general surveyed the Boer positions and gave orders to his commanding officers. Symons believed in old fashioned military tactics of close order but these formations were not designed to be used against lonf range bolt action rifles and Symons' brigades would be the first of manyin this war to pay the heavy cost ofthe mistake, as many generals would repeat it. The infantry battalions set off from the east of the town. The first part of the advance went well and they reached a small wood at the foot of the hill where they found shelter. Beyond the wood was a wall and then open ground. Symons rode up to the wood to find out why the attack had halted. He ordered the men to proceed, rode through the wood then walked through the gap in the wall. After a few moments he returned and was helped to remount his horse. He rode back from the front lines until he was out of sight of his troops before he asked for assistance from the Indian stretcher bearers. He had been shot in the stomach. Symons was taken to the field hospital at Dundee. After a few wasted days Symons' replacement, Brigadier General Yule, decided to abandon the town and the worst-wounded to the Boers and steal away at night to Ladysmith. Symons became a prisoner of war along with many others. He felt betrayed by Yule and just before he died he implored the medical officer, Major Donegal, to "tell everyone I died facing the enemy". Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.william penn symons, south africa, ninth xhosa war, companion of the order of the bath, knigt commander of the order of the bath, general officer commanding in natal, dundee, ladysmith, orange free state, transvaal, sir walter hely-harrison, governor of natal, boers, brigadier general yule

In 1873 Forestier-Walker was appointed Military Secretary to the General Officer Commanding Cape Colony. He saw action in the Cape Frontier Wars, for which he was appointed a Companion of the Order ofthe Bath, 1878, and in the Anglo-Zulu War. In 1880 he returned to Britain but in 1882 returned to South Africa. From 1884 he served in Bechuanaland and in 1886 was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George for services in that protectorate. During service in Egypt in 1890 he was knighted and promoted to a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. He left Egypt in 1895. In 1899 he returned to Africa, becoming General Officer Commanding Cape Colony and acting as lieutenant general in command of Lines of Communication, South Africa Field Force, 1899-1901. The Commander-in-Chief in South Africa, Lord Roberts, mentioned Forestier-Walker in espatches in 1900. He was promoted to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George. In 1901 he became a Knight of Grace of the Order of St John.Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cardsforestier-walker, military secretary, general officer commanding cape colony, cape frontier wars, companion of the order of the bath, anglo-zulu war, south africa, bechuanaland, knight commander of the order of the bath, lieutenant general, south africa field force, commander-in-chief, lord roberts, companion of the order of st michael and st george, knight commander of the order of st michael and st george, knight of grace of the order of st john

General Sir Charles Warren was an officer in the British Royal Engineers. He was one of the earliest European archaeologists ofthe Holy Land. Much of his military service was spene in British South Africa. Previously he was police chief, the Head of the London Metropolitan Police during the Jack the Ripper murders. In 1876, the Colonial Office appointed him special commissioner to survey the boundary between Griqualand West and the Orange Free State. For this work he was made a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1877. He was appointed special commissioner to investigate "native questions" in Bechuanaland and commanded the Northern Border Expedition troops in quelling the rebellion there. In 1879 he became Administrator of Griqualand West. The town Warranton in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa is named after him. In 1882 the Admiralty sent him to Sinai to discover what had happened to Professor Edward Palmer's archaeological expedition. He discovered the members had been robbed and murdered, located their remains and brought their killers to justice. For this he was created a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1883 , also Knight of Justice of the Order of St John of Jerusalem and in 1884 elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. In 1884 Warren was sent as HM Special Commissioner to command a military expedition to Bechuanaland, to assert British sovereignty in the face of encroachments from Germany and the Transvaal and to suppress the Boer freebooter states of Stellaland and Goshen, which were backed by the Transvaal and were stealing land and cattle from the local Tswana tribes. This became known as the Warren Expedition and achieved its aims without bloodshed. Warren was recalled and in 1885 was made Knight Grand Cross ofthe Order of St Michael and St George. In 1885 Warren stood for election for Parliament but lost the vote. In 1886 he was appointed Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis following Sir Edmund Henderson's resignation. Criticised continually for his decisions and actions he resigned in November 1888. Prior to this time he was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, January 1888. On the outbreak of the Boer War in 1899 he returned to service and commanded the 5th Division of the South African Field Force. In January 1990, Warren bungled the second attempted relief of Ladysmith at Tugela River. At the Battle of Spion Kop, January 1990 he had operational command and his failure of judgement, delay and indecision despite his superior forces culminated in the disaster. It has been said that Warren was "perhaps the worst" of the British generals in the Boer War and certainly the most "preposterous". Redvers Buller in a letter to his wife described him as "a duffer", responsible for him losing him "a great chance". Warren was recalled to Britain in August 1900 and never again commanded troops in the field. Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.holy land, sir charles warren, british royal engineers, archaeologist, british south africa, london metropolitan police, jack the ripper, colonial office, commissioner, griqualand west, orange free state, companion of the order of st michael and st george, bechuanaland, northern border expedition, warrenton, sinai, professor edward palmer, knight commander of the order of st michael and st george, knight of justice of the order of st johnof jerusalem, fellow of the royal society, knight grand cross of the order of st michael and st george, boer war, redvers buller, knight commander of the order of the bath

Andrew Wauchope initially trained as a naval cadet. After three years he obtained his discharge and resolved to enter the army. In 1881 he served on the staff in the Transvaal War. In 1885 he returned to Scotland to manage his family estates which he had recently inherited. The coal mines were highly productive and as a result he became one of the richest men in Scotland. He was promoted to Colonel in 1888 and given command of the 2nd Battalion of the Black Watch in 1894. Promotion to Major-General occurred in 1898. He was appointed to command the 3rd (Highland) Brigade in the South Africa War, which saw action at Belmont and Modder River as part of the force sent to relieve Kimberley. Pushing further, they again encountered the Boer force at Magersfontein. In the resulting Battle of Magersfontein, the Highland Brigade was ordered to make a dawn attack on the Boer defences. However, the force was spotted before it was prepared to attack and faulty reconnaissance meant that the enemy positions were not properly located. Under heavy fire it struggled to deploy action. Wauchope was killed by rifle fire in the opening minutes of combat. It held its position for a short time after Wauchope's death. It was leaderless and no-one would take command until late afternoon and despite the Guards Brigade being in support, in the early afternoon it was routed. Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.andrew gilbert wauchope, naval cadet, transvaal war, coal mines, black watch, major-general, highland brigade, boer, battle of magersfontein

White fought at the Battle of Charasiab and at the Battle of Kandahar in the Second Anglo-Afghan War. For his actions he was awarded the Victoria Cross in 1879. White became commander of the forces in Natal in 1899 at the opening of the Second Boer War and fought at the Battle of Elandslaagte. He withdrew to Ladysmith where he took command of the garrison during the Siege of Ladysmith. When his position there became untenable he was instructed by General Sir Redvers Buller to destroy the guns and surrender the garrison on the best terms he could. White insisted on staying and held out for another four months before being relieved in February 1900. For this he was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George. Earlier he had been made Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order. In 1903 he was promoted to Field Marshall. White received many awards for his service to his country. They include the Victoria Cross (1879); Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (1893); Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (1897); Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India (1898); Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (1900); Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (1900); Order of Merit (1905). He also received the Indian Mutiny Medal; Afghanistan Medal; Kabul to Kandahar Star; Egypt Medal (1885); India General Service Medal (1885-87); Queen's South Africa Medal - Defence of Ladysmith; Queen Victoria Diamond Jubilee Medal; King Edward VII Coronation Medal; King George V Coronation Medal; Khedive's Star. Sir George Stuart White's medal and honours are displayed at the Gordon Highlanders Museum. Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.george stuart white, battle of charasiab, battle of kandahar, second anglo-afghan war, victoria cross, natal, second boer war, battle of elandslaagte, kadysmith, siege of ladysmith, general sir redvers buller, knight grand cross of the order of st michael and st george, knight grand cross of the royal victorian order, field marshall, knight grand commander of the order of the indian empire, order of merit, indian mutiny medal, afghanistan medal, kabul to kandahar star, egypt medal, indian general service medal, queen's south africa medal, queen victoria diamond jubilee medal, king edward vii coronation medal, king george v coronation medal, khedive star, gordon highlanders museum

The Second Boer War saw attempted application of bombardment as an alternative to the use of ground forces. In most battles fought during the conflict this was proved not to be possible. There was competition from the other side's ability to take evasive measures. The opponent was able to use cover to protect himself and hide his position. This was the tactic used against the British at the Battle of Magersfontein and the Battle of Colenso. The British had success when they ceased using artillery by itself and used it in conjunction with infantry. British General Buller linked the use of artillery and the movement of infantry in continuous interlocking assaults upon each hill south of Ladysmith. As soon as shelling had finished in a location the infantry moved. The front collapsed on the 27 February 1900 when use was made of a creeping curtain of shell fire sent over the heads of advancing infantry destroying everything 100 yards ahead of them. It was this tactic of the creeping barrage that has been described as "revolutionary'. Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.second boer war, ground forces, battle of magersfontein, battle of colenso, general buller, infantry, ladysmith, interlocking assaults

Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.royal horse artillery, south africa, boer war, tranpsort

Constitution Hill, Johannesburg was formally the site of a fort which was later used as a prison. The Old Fort Prison complex was built to house white male prisoners in 1892. The Old Fort was built around this prison by Paul Kruger from 1896 to 1899 to protect the South African Republic from the threat of British invasion. During the Anglo-Boer War, however, the British seized Johannesburg and converted the Old Fort Prison buildings for the incarceration of Boers, some of whom were executed there. Even prominent Boer leaders of the Anglo-Boer War were imprisoned here by the British soon after the British had succeeded in seizing and controlling Johannesburg. In later times many famous people were imprisoned here, e.g. Mahatma Gandhi and Nelson Mandela. It became known as "The Robben Island of Johannesburg". It closed in 1983.Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.constitution hill johannesburg, fort, prison, old fort prison, paul kruger, south african republic, boers, anglo-boer war, johannesburg, mahatma gandi, nelson mandela, robben island of johannesburg

Ladysmith is a city in the Uthukela District of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In 1847 after buying the land from the Zulu King Mpande, a number of Boers settled in the area and called it the Republic of Klip River. The Republic was annexed by the British in the same year and on 20 June 1850 it was proclaimed a township called Windsor. In October 1850 the name changed to Ladysmith after Juana Maria de los Delores de Leon Smith, also known was "Lady Smith", the Spanish wife of Sir Harry Smith, the Governor of the Cape Colony. He was also High Commissioner in South Africa from 1847 to 1852. A for was built in 1860 to protect the villagers from the Zulu. During the Second Boer War British commander Lieutenant General Sir George White made Ladysmith his centre of operations for the protection of Natal against the Boer forces. A number of short lived battles were fought for the control of the town. After suffering many casualties the British retreated to Ladysmith. While the British regrouped in the town, Boer forces surrounded Ladysmith. The siege lasted 118 days during one of the most crucial stage of the war. Three attempts by General Sir Redvers Buller to break the siege resulted in defeat for the British forces at the Battles of Colenso, Spion Kop and Vaal Krantz. The Boer forces attempted to break the siege. This led to the Battle of Platrand, or Wagon Hill, south the town. Buller finally broke the siege in February 1900 after defeating the Boers. Sir Winston Churchill, a young war correspondent was present at the Relief of Ladysmith after having been taken prisoner - between Ladysmith and Colenso - and escaping earlier during the war.Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.ladysmith, south africa, zulu, boers, republic of klip river, windsor, lady smith, sir harry smith, governor, cape colony, high commissioner, sir george white, natal, siege of ladysmith, sir redvers buller, battle of colenso, battle of platrand, sir winston churchill, wagon hill

When war broke out in 1899, and early target for the Boers was the diamond-mining centre of Kimberley. This was located near the point where the Transvaal, Orange Free State and Cape Colony met. General Sir Redvers Buller detached the 1st Division under Lieutenant General Lord Methuen to relieve the Siege of Kimberley. This decision was made partly for reasons of prestige. To capture Kimberley (which contained the famous imperialist and former Prime Minister of Cape Colony, Cecil Rhodes) would be a major propaganda victory for the British. Methuen's force advanced north and won two engagements against the Boers of the Orange Free State. Reinforcements from Transvaal under General Koos de la Rey arrived and he convinced the Boers to follow his plans for attacking the British. Instead of relying on the hills for protection and missing their targets, de la Rey proposed they make use of the flat veld and introduced them to the Mauser rifle with its flat trajectory. Trenches were built in the banks of the Modder River from which they could sweep the veld for a great distance. The trenches were built on the south side of the river and on the smaller Riet River where they meet at Modder River Station. Methuen's force began advancing towards the Modder planning to cross the river. The Boers opened fire and the British troops were unable to find cover on the veld. They had to lay flat so as not to be seen or hit. The British guns pounded the buildings near Modder River Station and the north bank of the river, missing the trenches on the south bank. The battle became a stalemate. The British found an opening on the Boer's right flank at Rosmead ford downstream and drove the Boers out of Rosmead. De la Rey drove them back into a small insecure bridgehead. The Boers feared they were vulnerable and withdrew during the night. Methuen reported that the battle had been "one of the hardest and most trying fights in the annals of the British army". Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.boers, diamind-mining, kimberley, transvaal, orange free state, cape colony, sir rdvers buller, lieutenant general lord methuen, siege of kimberley, cecil rhodes, general koos dde la rey, mauser rifle, veld, modder river, modder river station, trenches, riet river, rosmead

British forces in the Second Boer war were initially outgunned by the long range Boer artillery. Captain Percy Scott of HMS Terrible first improvised timber static siege mountings for two 4-7 guns from the Cape Town coastal defences, to counter the Boers' "Long Tom" gun during the Siege of Ladysmith in 1899-1900. Captain Scott then improvised a travelling carriage for 4-7 inch guns removed from their static coastal or ship mountings to provide the army with a heavy field gun. These improvised carriages lacked recoil buffers and hence in action drag shoes and attachment of the carriage by cable to a strong point in front ofthe gun were necessary to control the recoil. They're manned by Royal Navy crews and required up to 32 oxen to moveIndividual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.second boer war, boer artillery, 4-7 guns, captain percy scott, hms terrible, cape town, "long tom", siege of ladysmith

Several bridges were built across the Tugela River by the British in their attempts to relieve Ladysmith. In December the British under Methuen were blocked from advancing on Ladysmith by the Boers. The Battle of Tugela Heights consisted of a series of military actions lasting from 14 February through to 27 February 1900 in which General Sir Redvers Buller's British army forced Louis Botha's Boer army to lift the Siege of Ladysmith during the Second Boer War.Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cardstugela river, ladysmith, lord methuen, boers, battle of tugela heights, general sir redvers buller, louis botha, siege of ladysmith, second boer war

back row: Amy (trainer), pamperin, jackson, Sinclair (Secretary) , mcnaughton, mcmurray, Allan (trainer), middle row: fitzgerald, sampson, brown, anderson, pash, knox, Keating front row: hill, franklin, clelan, mcgee (Captain), hutchinson, clark, mcdonaldCapstan Cigarettes photo of Port Melbourne Football side, 1910Received from Port Melbourne Library, 17.7.78 Also surnames of players in pencilsport - australian rules football, keating, amy, pamperin, jackson, sinclair, mcnaughton, mcmurray, allan, fitzgerald, sampson, brown, anderson, pash, knox, hill, franklin, clelan, mcgee, hutchinson, clark, mcdonald

Serbo-Bulgarian War Cross. (W.D. & H.O.Wills cigarette card)ephemera, 1913, army

Found at Traquair House.Red cardboard packaging for small packet of "State Express" cigarettes.cigarettes, packaging

From Box Hill Historical SocietyEmpty Peter pan cigarette box. Green background with drawing of Peter Pan on left hand side. Peter Pan cigarettes Airy Fairy Charming Sweet. The manufacturers of Peter Pan cigarettes exercise the greatest care in selecting only the choicest of light Virginia tobaccos thus assuring a uniformly high quality.as abovepersonal effects, smoking accessories

The Mark II Pilot Balloon Slide Rule was made of wood laminated with heavy white plastic with a length of 24.5-in. and width of 2.5 inches. Mark II rules were manufactured in Australia by W & G (Melbourne). The W & G rule differs only slightly from the English A. G. Thornton LTD rule. The W & G rule uses serif fonts and has some fiducial marks that the English rule lacks. Exact dates of production are not known but the MK II is known to have started production by 1927. The printed scales are engraved in the plastic faces. The slide rule has 4 captive cursors (glass windows and brass guides) that ride in slots on the top and bottom edges. Each can be moved independently of one another. The cursors are missing from this item. Brass knobs at both ends of the slide facilitate its movement. The case is fabric covered wood with felt lining. No known history for this item as located in a property after purchase. The Pilot Balloon slide rule is used to convert the observed azimuth and elevation readings into wind velocity and direction records. The use of slide rules was abandoned with the wide spread adoption of computers and programs to do the calculations, as well as the decline in the use of optical pilot balloon theodolites.Made in Australia by White & Gillespie (Melb) Pty Ltd. Established in 1910, the firm was involved mainly in printing plate manufacture, but during the Second World War it manufactured a variety of navigational aids and range finding devices for the military. About 250,000 instruments were made during that period. After the war the company produced, among other items, drawing instruments and slide rules. The case is fabric covered wood with felt fabric lining containing a long black laminate ruler with numerous white markings and numbers. Top of the ruler is in three sections with the centre section movable by small gold metal knobs at either end. This slide rule contains a engraved notation on the rear face "IMPORTANT. NORMALLY NUMBER OF GRATICULE SCALE DIVISIONS PER RADIAN (K) X LENGTH OF TAIL IN FEET (I) = 12X 105. IN OTHER CASES MULTIPLY GRATICULE READINGS BY 1.2/KI BEFORE CALCULATION ON RULE" Top of Slide Rule - RAAF Ident No G268/480 Serial WG/22pilot balloon slide rule, raaf

Moisture-proof wax vestas issued to A.I.F. troops during south-west Pacific campaign. Cigarettes were a normal part of life during both World Wars and there was no attempt made to limit or stop soldiers from smoking. In many cases it was actually encouraged.In WW1 there were almost no cigarette lighters available. Even in WW2 they were unusual. Matches were the normal way of creating fire. The wooden "safety" match that we know today was not in common use. Matches were made from wax and came in tins such as this item.Small rectangular iron alloy container with hinged cover. Base has a slightly recessed central section which has been perforated to enable the striking of matches. The cover has been painted with 'Bells Waterproof Wax Vestas' on a green or black ground. tin bell's-vestas smoking matches

Report titled "Melbourne Transportation Study - The Transportation Plan - Volume 3", presented in a black vinyl covered slip case, paper cover, bound, sewn with end papers, fold out maps, 74 pages. Each sheet within the report has rounded edges. Contained within a printed cardboard packing case. Includes many tables, graphs, charts and coloured sheets. Report prepared by The Metropolitan Transportation Committee - 1969, looking at the planning of all forms of transport for Melbourne with a timeframe of 1985. Chaired by Vernon Wilcox, Minister of Transport. Included Robert Risson - Chairman of MMTB. Set the basis for a very extensive freeway system that was only partly followed. Includes trams, trains (city loop), buses, parking, travel and population predictions, costs and implementation.Has numerous AETA stamps throughout the book. Inside front cover and on packing case "A12" in red ink.trams, tramways, melbourne, road transport, tramways, railways, public transport, transportation plan

Limited edition (#104) promotional pack created by University of Ballarat, Bachelor of Visual Arts (Graphic Design / Multimedia) third year, graduating students, 2004. "Products of Choice" is how the graduands "collectively believed represented who they are and what they are striving to be." Each of the 24 graduating students designed and produced a suite of 10 badges (240 unique 35mm badges in total), hand assembled on the faculty badge making machine. One of each student's badges was then hand packed into a foam mount within a plastic case. Ie. All 24 students are represented in each limited edition case. Their original corresponding order is outlined on the reverse of the pack. (Note, it is possible badges may have been reordered prior to entering the collection.) Recipients were encouraged to choose and wear the badges. Lecturing staff (third year): Helmut Stenzel, Leigh Whetter, Nic Wai. Students listed: Judd Madden, Bonnie Van De Ven, Andrew Jones, Ben Potter, Arindel Searby, Catherine Martin, Lou Bryan, Zara Costello, Emily French, Agnes Ostrozka, Clare Simons, Daniel Frawley, Angelika Gorna, Elizabeth Walcott, George Bush, Mark Bickerdike, Stacey Dekker, Petreen D'Costa, Nick Oeldrich, Matt Deutscher, Narelle Craven, Sonia James, Alistair Burn, Thomas Jolly.Three cases of a limited edition run of 240 packs, each containing 24 badges. Case #104 of 240 is open to display badges. One badge is missing from this case. Badges printed full colour laserprinted. Pack cover, printed red with edition number hand written in black marker. Back cover in printed black.university of ballarat, federation university, graphic design, multimedia, judd madden, bonnie van de ven, andrew jones, ben potter, arindel searby, catherine martin, lou bryan, zara costello, emily french, agnes ostrozka, clare simons, daniel frawley, angelika gorna, elizabeth walcott, george bush, mark bickerdike, stacey dekker, petreen d'costa, nick oeldrich, matt deutscher, narelle craven, sonia james, alistair burn, thomas jolly., helmut stenzel, leigh whetter, nic wai.

Leather covered camera, thin rectangle with curved ends (leather missing from expanding section). Concertina lens folds out by pressing button at the side, near film winder. Inside the hinged concertina section there is a lens, view finder and shutter button Camera has a leather case with long carry strap of similar size and shape. Original instruction manual inside carry caseCamera Case: E J Berry Bunyip Gippsland hand written inside Camera: Kodak on outside / No 1 pocket Kodak Series 2 Made in USA Eastman Kodal & co Rochester NY on inside

This is style of nursing case and type of equipment used by the Sisters of the Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS) in the 1970s. The Sisters worked throughout the Melbourne inner and outer suburbs visiting patients to administer nursing care in their homes and other arranged venues. The Trained nurses of the Melbourne District Nursing Society (MDNS), later known as Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), visited patients in their home and gave best practice care in many fields of nursing, and to people of many cultures, throughout its 130 years of expansion. Initial visits not only assessed the specific nursing situation but the situation as a whole. Their patients ranged in age from babes, children, adults to the elderly and referrals were taken from Hospitals, General Practitioners and allied Health facilities. Some of the care the Sisters provided is as follows: – Post-Natal care given to mother and babe, Wound Care following various types of surgery, accidents, burns, cancer, leg ulcers etc. Supervising and teaching Diabetic Care, including teaching and supervising people with Diabetes to administer their own Insulin, and administering Insulin to those unable to give their own injections. Administering other injections and setting up weekly medication boxes. The Sisters performed Catheterizations on adults suffering from conditions such as Quadriplegia, Paraplegia, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Motor Neurone Disease (MND) and Guillan-Barre Syndrome, and when required at school on children for e.g. those with Spina Bifida. The Sisters visited those requiring Cystic Fibrosis support and care; those requiring Haemo-Oncology care, including visiting children at school; those requiring Home Enteral Feeding care, and those requiring IV therapy at home and home Dialysis. Palliative Care was given including pain relief with the use of syringe drivers, personal care as needed, and advice and support to both patient and family. The Sisters provided Stoma management to those needing Urostomy, Ileostomy and Colostomy care and those requiring Continence care. HIV/AIDS nursing care was provided; visits to Homeless Persons were made. Personal care was given to patients ranging in age and with varying mobility problems, such as those with MS, MND, Guillan-Barre Syndrome, Quadriplegia, Paraplegia, Acquired Brain Injury, to those following a Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke), those with severe Arthritis and those with a form of Dementia. When necessary the elderly were assisted with personal care and advice given on safety factors with the use of hand rails, bath or shower seats, and hand showers. Rehabilitation with an aim towards independence remained at the forefront of the Sister’s minds and when possible using aids and instruction on safe techniques enabled the person to become fully independent. All care included giving advice and support to the patient and their Carers. The Sisters liaised with the persons Doctor, Hospital and allied Health personal as necessary.Black deep case made of man made material. it has a raised lid with attached handle. The metal section between the lid and body of the case has metal clasps attached to it which open and close within this section. The deep section contains a cotton bag sewn in sections which contain artery forceps, dissecting forceps, scissors, thermometer, wooden spatula. Shown are a packet of Band-Aids, plastic bottle containing chlorhexidine, jar containing soft-soap and jar containing Saf-sol which were carried within the body of the case.rdns, royal district nursing service, rdns equipment, melbourne district nursing society

This typewriter case allowed the Olivetti typewriter to be securely and free from contaminants to be totally mobile. The Olivetti typewriter company was founded in Italy in 1908 and became a leader in portable dependable typewriters.This particular typewriter contained is a Olivetti Lettera 22, oblique front stroke and portable manufactured after 1950. During the 1950s and 1960s was a time when British and European manufactured goods were still purchased by many Australian consumers. After the 1970s however, there was a shift, mainly in the cities, to Japanese made goods. The invasion of Japanese manufactured goods was relatively slower, especially in rural areas. The demand for long lasting and dependable merchandise was in the rural area still the most important criteria. The ease of setting up this typewriter and its compact mobility was its major benefit to trades people and travelling professionals, e.g. rural doctors, other medical professionals, accountants, lawyers and educators. This item(carrying case) facilitated the growing numbers of professional nomads requiring a relatively light office stationery package e.g. travelling novelist, writer, businessman and academics. This typewriter needed no electrical or battery power to operate it therefore the inside compartment did not require additional storage pockets . Outback Australia, where at this point in time, good available electrical power reticulation and battery power, was a scarce and therefore could not be totally measured as a highly efficient office environment. The protective carrying bag provided the only mobile way to operate in some business and home locations.Although this typewriter cover and its typewriter was purchased from a business in Penrith, Sydney, N.S.W., it is significant that it travelled easily to the Kiewa Valley, demonstrating the mobility of certain sections of the community. This typewriter cover protected the expensive typewriter it contained which was designed by an Italian industrial designer, Marcello Nizzoli, in line with the art deco style of the 1930s and the colour and flexibility of the vibrant 1950s. The underlying theme of manufacturing in the 1950s was to produce equipment that was more efficient than what was inherited from the earlier period of 20th century. Improvements were made to this Olivetti typewriter by Giuseppe Beccio by reducing the number of parts made from 3,000 to 2,000. Protection of such a typewriter was of an utmost necessity. The need for mobile expensive typewriters waned as less expensive typewriters became available. This was the major principle of the Japanese manufacturing juggernauts of the post World War II. Efficiency and low cost material was becoming prime factors in the success of rural industries from the 1960s. Competition from overseas producers was starting to affect rural industries and the removal of the large range of tariff protection, especially rural products, required not only a shift of farm management but a more efficient cost savings modus operandi.This is a semi hard cover (cloth over cardboard on inside, plastic over cardboard on outside), camel coloured outside and tartan cloth covered pattern inside the typewriter case. the case can be opened up by "unzipping" the top from the bottom halves of the case. For carrying purposes the case has two plastic covering metal handles with brass fittings. There are two stitched on brown reinforcement straps encompassing both sides of the case. The two reinforcing straps are brown in colour and a securing strap with a press button at one end to allow an extra securing tongue to keep the cover secure. The top inside of the case has a three quarters long paper compartment (flap style). See KVHS 0455 for Olivetti Lettera typewriter.commercial, protective carry bags/cases for mobile office equipment, mechanical typewriter

A machine used to copy content of one master cassette onto another at up to 16 times normal playing speed. Machine is contained in a black vinyl-covered case with the power cord wrapped up into a recess on one side. Black plastic rectangular Telex cassette duplicator with power cord.Telex is embossed on the bottom right-hand corner of the case-lid and front of machine. 'Copyette 1 & 1' printed on top of machine.audio equipment, royal victorian institute for the blind

At the outbreak of the Second Boer War, Major General Hunter was on the staff of Sir George White's Natal Field Force during the Battle of Ladysmith in Natal. He led a small raid against some of the Boers' guns, disabled them and relieved the town. Promotion followed and he became General Officer Commanding 10th Division. The Division was sent to join Lord Roberts' army camped at the captured Orange Free State capital. Hunter led them in the march on Pretoria. Once Pretoria was captured they still had to deal with Guerrilla Warfare and Hunter was sent south as overall commander of five columns that converged on the Free State army camped at Brandwater Basin, forcing the surrender of 4,314 Boers led by Marthinus Prinsloo. He was awarded Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, Territorial Decoration Legion of Honour (France)Individual image taken from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cardssecond boer war, major generl, archibald hunter, natal field force, battle of ladysmith, general officer commanding, sir george white, guerrilla warfare, orange free state, brandwater basin, marthinus prinsloo, knight grand cross of the order of the bath, knight grand crossof the royal victorian order, legion of honour (france)

Hely-Hutchinson served as Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Natal and Zululand between 1893 and 1901. He was appointed Governor of the Cape Colony in 1901 and was the last British Governor until the post disappeared when the colony joined the Union of South Africa in 1910. During the absence of Lord Selborne in 1909 he acted as High Commissioner to South Africa. He was awarded Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George.Individual image taken from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cardshely-hutchinson, commander-in-chief, governor, cape colony, natal, zululand, union of south africa, lord selborne, high commissioner, knight grand cross of the order of st michael and st george

Kekewich commanded the 1st Battalion of the Loyal Regiment (North Lancashire) in the Second Boer War. He commanded the garrison in Kimberley during the siege and successful defence of the town. At this time he came into conflict with Cecil Rhodes who persuaded John French, commanding the relief force, to replace Kekewich with another officer as commander of the garrison. Kekewich was promoted to colonel for his services. In 1901 he was wounded in an attack by General de la Rey near Moedwil but soon recuperated. Kekewich was in charge during the British victory at the Battle of Rooiwai, the last major battle during the war. He stayed in South Africa until peace had been signed and then returned to England. For his services he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath and on retirement was appointed to the Honorary position of Colonel of the Buffs.Individual image taken from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.kekewich, 1st battalion, loyal regiment, second boer, kimberley, cecil rhodes, john french, garrison, de la rey, moedwil, rooiwai, companion of the order of the bath