Showing 1007 items
matching early australian history
-
Peterborough History Group
Book - Self Published book, Leaving, Arriving and Settling: From Kent, England to Peterborough, Victoria. The Story of Ian Evelyn Llewellyn Jarvis, circa 2010
Story of an early settler (circa 1920) at Peterborough. Includes the story of the author's Great Grandfather John Brumby.Dairy farmer plus references to his family's migration to Australia. References to other local identities.Plastic bound 179 page self published book with Table of Contents and Index of Names.ian jarvis, peterborough 3270, peterborough settlers, john brumby peterborough -
Peterborough History Group
Facsimile of the original diary of Edward Charlwood, The 1863 Shipboard Diary of Edward Charlwood, Published 2003
Shipboard diary of Edward's voyage to Australia aboard the 'Suffolk' in 1863.Description of early voyage to Australia.A4 softcover 42 page book.edward charlwood, the suffolk, shipboard diary, the success -
Peterborough History Group
Booklet, Family History of Records of Thomas Croft and his descendants 1803-1974; their life and records in Australia 1849-1974, Circa 1973
History of a local family and the beach named for them.History of early settlers in Peterborough area.Photocopied booklet about the Croft family and their journey from England to Peterborough.croft family, thomas croft, peterborough 3270, croft's bay -
Peterborough History Group
Document - Explorers of Australian coastline
information pertaining to Captain Cook and French sailor Baudin. Includes French names which he assigned to coastal features.Outlines early European observation of the coastline.Newspaper clipping, copies mapsbaudin, peterborough, peterborough history, le geographe -
Peterborough History Group
Book, Australian Aborigines: the languages and customs of several tribes of aborigines in the Western District of Victoria, Published 1981, First published 1881
Information about local aboriginal tribesDoesn't specifically refer to Peterborough but explains early aboriginal culture and their relationship to the coastHardcover 111 page book with 104 page of annexures and index. Introduction by Jan Critchett, Warrnambool Institute of Advanced Education.Adhesive book plate with the name H W Grimwade.peterborough pre history, kirrie wurung, kaawirn kuunawarn, hissing swan aborigines, kirrae wurung, yarruun parpur tarneen -
National Wool Museum
Griswold stocking knitting machine, c1890 - 1900
The machine was most recently used by donor's father c2008 to knit socks, but had been used for many years earlier. According to family history, it is believed that the machine came to Australia with donor's grandparents in the early 20th century, and was created c1890-1900. It is still in working order and a demonstration was given by the donor during the acquisition process.Griswold stocking knitter machine. Black steel manual machine which clamps on to the edge of a table and is operated by turning a handle. Centre of machine is a cylinder which can be lined with pins to create the sock/stocking. Two detached parts of the machine include a bobbin holder and yarn feeder. Accompanying items include: 3 examples of incomplete attempted socks made by donor. 4 envelops containing instructions, pattersn, notes and advice on using the machine, created by donor's father and grandfather. 1 bobbin with grey yarn. 2 metal machinery pieces. 2 tins containing pins for the machine. 1 metal yarn feeder cone. 10 weights plus two weight stands. Stocking knitter machine has an identifier plate with patent numbers on the side. -
National Wool Museum
Rug
Mr Mears father Horace Mear bought the rug c1933. He was ex British Navy and had migrated to Australia in 1920. Horace worked as a loom tuner at Valley Woollen Mill Geelong in the early 1920's then worked at Federal Woollen Mills as the Manager of the Weaving Room until his death in 1952.RETSOL RUG D E MEARwoollen mills - history, returned soldiers and sailors mill valley worsted mill federal woollen mills ltd, retsol rugs, weaving -
National Wool Museum
Photograph
An early photograph of Brintons factory on Fellmongers Road. Hung in premise until closure in 2008.W7200 Page 1 of a history of Brintons Carpets. Page 2 of a history of Brintons Carpets. A list of catalogues/items in the Brintons Collection donated after closure of Fellmongers Road factory in July 2008.Robin Hockley Studios Geelong Brintons Carpets 6075 Raylumbrintons australia pty ltd brintons pty ltd (geelong) brintons ltd (uk), geelong, victoria -
Yarrawonga and Mulwala Pioneer Museum
Piano Box Buggy, Made by J. McCabe & Sons in 1926
A simply design four-wheeled vehicle with one seat on a high side box tray. The transverse elliptical springs, front and rear, are set above the floor level which allows a lower centre of gravity, and easy entry. Colour Black body and reddish-brown undercarriage with black lining on the wheels. History Dating from the 1850s the piano box buggy became the most popular style of buggy in the USA and a common sight in Australia. The examples in this collection probably date from the early 1900s -
Geelong Naval and Maritime Museum
Photograph - Framed Picture, "Lightning", Unsure
Built by the celebrated shipbuilder Donald McKay, the Lightning was the first clipper built in the USA for a British firm. In 1862 on a return trip to Liverpool, it struck an uncharted rock in a rip. No water entered the vessel but on arrival a rock 6 feet long was found sticking through its timbers and beginning to work loose. Under Capt. 'Bully' Forbes, the Lightning made its first voyage to Australia in 77 days, and on its return voyage, made it in a record 64 days. The Lightning's entire life was spent on the Australian run carrying immigrants and cargo. It had the job of carrying free of charge immigrants and early consignments of introduced animals, including rabbits, which were sent to Thomas Austin of Barwon Park, Winchelsea. The wreck of ‘Lightning’ caused by fire was the worst shipping calamity in Geelong's history. Geelong's Centenary celebrations included a re-enactment of the burning of ‘Lightning’.Framed picture of ‘Lightning’ which is a ship particularly historic to the region of Geelong because of its story, the worst shipping calamity in Geelong's history.Framed Picture of ship "Lightning"lightning, geelong, ship wreck -
Westbourne Grammar Heritage Collection
Book - Charles Steedman, 1867, Manual of Swimming, 1867
Charles Steedman was headmaster of Williamstown Grammar School from 1870-76 and 1885-90. In 1870, under agreement with school trustees, Sir George Verdon and John Courtis, he leased the school under a seven-year lease, effectively saving it from closure. Steedman had previously been manager of Sandridge Baths and a champion swimmer of Victoria. His 1867 book, 'Manual of Swimming', was the first major technical contribution to the sport of speed swimming and water safety, for which Steedman was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 2006. As headmaster of Williamstown Grammar, Steedman initiated a student produced school paper called 'The Schoolboy' (surviving editions can be accessed at the State Library of Victoria), added swimming lessons to the curriculum and opened enrolment to girls in 1885. The book contains nine illustration plates featuring line drawings of a human figure in the positions detailed by Steedman in his text. These drawings are attributed to O.R. Campbell. Oswald Rose Campbell is best known for his appointment (1876-1886) as drawing master of the School of Design, a department of the Public Library, Museums and National Gallery of Victoria. He taught (and famously disagreed with) the likes of celebrated Australian artists, Tom Roberts and Frederick McCubbin. O.R Campbell taught drawing and painting at Williamstown Grammar in the early 1870s.The book holds historic significance for Westbourne Grammar School, having been written by a former headmaster and very important figure in the history of the school. It evokes our early history as an emerging grammar school with links to prominent athletes, artists and gentry of colonial Melbourne. Blue cloth covered case-bound book, with debossed decorative scrollwork in each corner and in the centre of front cover, and gilt lettering on the spine. 270 numbered pages, nine illustration plates (one adjacent to title page, eight as end pages).On title page, handwritten inscriptions in brown coloured ink. Possibly ‘Joshua Saggs Esq. / With the authors compliments’ and below, in different handwriting and darker ink, ‘To dear Flossie from Grandma 1901’. williamstown, sandridge baths, swimming, colonial melbourne, art, williamstown grammar -
Inglewood & District Historical Society
Catto Family Book, Cambridge Press, Pioneers of Progress - Jennifer Lovell & Norma Catto, 2007
Relating the story of two branches of the Catto family who emigrated to Australia in the early 19th century. John Catto (1802-1872) and John Catto (1830-1918) Detailed history of the early settlement and continued residence of the Loddon district by the Catto family (many references to other families also)Soft cover book. 266 pages. Red and white photographic cover. History of two Catto families in Loddon District.ISBN 9780646476766. Limited Edition 2007 / Dedicated to the memory of Norma and Graeme Catto.catto early history in loddon -
Buda Historic Home & Garden Castlemaine
Print - Linocut print, Tasmanian Berries, c 1928
Owned by the Leviny family. Collected by Kate Leviny. The Leviny women at Buda in Castlemaine were keen collectors of artworks by women printmakers from the early twentieth century.This original print by Australian woman artist, Mildred Lovett, is from a period in Australia's history when women artists and printmakers were gaining recognition for their work that had been a previously been an area dominated by male artists.Hand coloured linocut of a jug full of assorted berries, mounted in a frame. By Tasmanian artist, Mildred Lovett. Paper, ink, paint.Lower left corner 'Tasmanian berries'. Lower centre 'coloured linocut'. Lower right 'M. Lovett'. Verso '44' encircledmildred lovett, tasmania, linocut print, tasmanian berries, australian women printmakers, leviny collection, buda, castlemaine -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Bandler, Faith, The time was ripe : a history of the Aboriginal-Australian Fellowship (1956- 69), 1983
It is a history of not only the Aboriginal-Australian Fellowship but the birth and growth of the Federal movement. A picture is also given of the earlier Aboriginal struggles of the 1920s to 1940s led by pioneers like William Cooper, Bill Ferguson and Doug Nicholls.203 p. : ill., facsims., ports. ; 23 cm.It is a history of not only the Aboriginal-Australian Fellowship but the birth and growth of the Federal movement. A picture is also given of the earlier Aboriginal struggles of the 1920s to 1940s led by pioneers like William Cooper, Bill Ferguson and Doug Nicholls.aboriginal-australian fellowship -- history. | australian aborigines. organisations: aboriginal-australian fellowship, 1956-1969. | race discrimination -- australia. | aboriginal australians -- social conditions. | australia -- race relations. | bandler, faith. | fox, len, 1905-2004. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Stone, Sharman N, Aborigines in white Australia : a documentary history of the attitudes affecting official policy and the Australian Aborigine, 1697-1973, 1974
Selections from official published sources concerning government policy towards Aborigines; early explorers accounts; newspaper articles and letters illustrating racial attitudes to Aborigines.253 p. : ill. ; list of plates; index; bibliography; 24 cm.Selections from official published sources concerning government policy towards Aborigines; early explorers accounts; newspaper articles and letters illustrating racial attitudes to Aborigines.aborigines. race relations. australia, 1697-1973. readings from contemporary sources | aboriginal australians -- government relations. | australia -- history -- sources. | settlement and contacts - explorers | government policy - assimilation | government policy - initial period and protectionism | government policy - integration | race relations - racism - stereotyping -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Blainey, Geoffrey, Our side of the Country : the story of Victoria, 1991
Traces the history of Victoria from the time Tasmania was joined to the mainland. Covers the early history of the Aborigines, overlanders, goldrushes, the boom of the 1880s and the bank crashes.3-266; index; 20 cm.Traces the history of Victoria from the time Tasmania was joined to the mainland. Covers the early history of the Aborigines, overlanders, goldrushes, the boom of the 1880s and the bank crashes.victoria -- history. | victoria -- social life and customs. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Barrett, Charles, Australian adventures, 1945
... . A collection of short stories on early figures in Australia's history ...A collection of short stories on early figures in Australia's history.95 p. : ill., maps, ports. ; 18 cm.A collection of short stories on early figures in Australia's history.adventure stories. australian. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Journal - Serials, Aboriginal History Incorporated, Aboriginal History - Volume 31. 2007, 2007
A series of articles by leading writers on Aboriginal History. The article on Aboriginal burials discusses the findings of various early explorers; anthropologists and observers on the burials and practices associated with death in south-eastern Australia.iii-vi; 214; 7 articles; notes and docs. .6; reviews 181-188P.A series of articles by leading writers on Aboriginal History. The article on Aboriginal burials discusses the findings of various early explorers; anthropologists and observers on the burials and practices associated with death in south-eastern Australia.aboriginal australians -- periodicals. | ethnology -- australia -- periodicals. | aboriginal burials - south-eastern australia., | grave artifacts - aboriginal burials south-eastern australia., | death rites and practices - aboriginals - south-eastern australia., | treaty - aboriginal australians - history. -
National Wool Museum
Textile - Blanket, Godfrey Hirst, 1950s
Note from collector: I would stack plain blankets of the same base colour and arrange them by shade to make up a colour palette. It showed how particular colours were in fashion in the early decades, based mostly around depths of pastel pinks, mints, lemons and baby blues with brighter colours arriving in the 1960s then the browns and oranges in heavier tones in the 1970s. Note from collector- "For more than 100 years blankets were made all over Australia in over 100 woollen mills. My aim, is to preserve 100 examples of these wonderful pieces of history. Ten years ago I started collecting the iconic Onkaparinga travel rugs, so that on movie nights at home there would be plenty to go around. Everyone had their favourite; even the cat had his own – a small red tartan one. Keeping an eye out for those travel rugs at op-shops and markets, collectable stores and bazaars, led to noticing vintage blankets. I'd never really thought about them before or paid much attention though of course I had grown up with them at my grandmother's. When I discovered my first Laconia cream blanket with blue stripes, my eyes just went gaga. Well that was it, I was hooked and since then over 500 blankets have passed through my hands. These common, everyday items, found in all households for so many decades, were traditional engagement gifts. Pairs were prized wedding presents turning into family heirlooms. They were fashionable dressers of beds, givers of warmth, bestowers of security and reliability. The comfort found in these objects resonates with almost all of us; we grew up with them ourselves or fondly recall them in a grandparent’s home. There is no modern replacement with the integrity of these old blankets, many of them now older than most of us. They are romantic, sensible, special, familiar, nostalgic and nothing else feels so appropriate in so many situations. No offense to the great Aussie doona, but from hippie to hipster, at a music festival, picnic, campsite or couch, a vintage blanket is something coveted by all. This industry that employed tens of thousands and must have been such a huge contributor to the economy is almost completely lost now. Blanket Fever is an ode to everything that came before: the land, the sheep, the shearers, the hands, the mills, the weavers, the designers, the distributors, the department stores. To the grandparents that gave them, the people that received them, the families that kept them; thank you. I’m passionate about my collection of Australian blankets manufactured in mostly Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania from the 1930s to the end of the 1960s. The collection has blankets from each of these four decades representing the styles and fashions of their time and includes dated advertisements which help determine the eras the blankets are from." Queen Sized, dusty pink blanketGodfrey Hirst/Pure Wool Pelage Blanket/Mothproofed/Made in Australiawool, blanket, blanket fever, godfrey hirst, geelong -
National Wool Museum
Textile - Blanket, Kelsall and Kemp, 1950s
Collector says: "I would stack plain blankets of the same base colour and arrange them by shade to make up a colour palette. It showed how particular colours were in fashion in the early decades, based mostly around depths of pastel pinks, mints, lemons and baby blues with brighter colours arriving in the 1960s then the browns and oranges in heavier tones in the 1970s.Collector's note: "For more than 100 years blankets were made all over Australia in over 100 woollen mills. My aim, is to preserve 100 examples of these wonderful pieces of history. Ten years ago I started collecting the iconic Onkaparinga travel rugs, so that on movie nights at home there would be plenty to go around. Everyone had their favourite; even the cat had his own – a small red tartan one. Keeping an eye out for those travel rugs at op-shops and markets, collectable stores and bazaars, led to noticing vintage blankets. I'd never really thought about them before or paid much attention though of course I had grown up with them at my grandmother's. When I discovered my first Laconia cream blanket with blue stripes, my eyes just went gaga. Well that was it, I was hooked and since then over 500 blankets have passed through my hands. These common, everyday items, found in all households for so many decades, were traditional engagement gifts. Pairs were prized wedding presents turning into family heirlooms. They were fashionable dressers of beds, givers of warmth, bestowers of security and reliability. The comfort found in these objects resonates with almost all of us; we grew up with them ourselves or fondly recall them in a grandparent’s home. There is no modern replacement with the integrity of these old blankets, many of them now older than most of us. They are romantic, sensible, special, familiar, nostalgic and nothing else feels so appropriate in so many situations. No offense to the great Aussie doona, but from hippie to hipster, at a music festival, picnic, campsite or couch, a vintage blanket is something coveted by all. This industry that employed tens of thousands and must have been such a huge contributor to the economy is almost completely lost now. Blanket Fever is an ode to everything that came before: the land, the sheep, the shearers, the hands, the mills, the weavers, the designers, the distributors, the department stores. To the grandparents that gave them, the people that received them, the families that kept them; thank you. I’m passionate about my collection of Australian blankets manufactured in mostly Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania from the 1930s to the end of the 1960s. The collection has blankets from each of these four decades representing the styles and fashions of their time and includes dated advertisements which help determine the eras the blankets are from."Queen sized blanket, soft pastel pinkWarranted 100% Pure Wool/The Famous "Doctor" Regd/Blanket Made in Tasmania/in Emblem "K&K" (first K mirror image)/Regdwool, blanket, blanket fever, the famous doctor, kelsall and kemp, tasmania -
National Wool Museum
Spinning Wheel
Part of the Zakrzewski Collection of spinning wheels donated to the National Wool Museum by Mr Wlodzimierz Zakrzewski. For many years, Mr Zakrzewski collected, researched and repaired spinning wheels from all over the world. This frame spinning wheel is from Innsbruck in Austria and dates from the late 19th - early 20th century. It was purchased from an Austrian collector in Australia.Spinning wheel handicrafts - history, spinning wheels, highlights of the national wool museum: the zakrzewski spinning wheel collection - exhibition (28/07/2001 - 02/12/2001), zakrzewski, mr wlodzimierz -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, What to Make for Baby
This book and a number of others like it were owned by the mother and aunts of the donor, Mrs Dorothy Boyle. They were prolific producers of hand knitted and hand made items of clothing and also knitted and sewed for the armed forces during the Second World War. This book contains patterns for baby clothes and was written by Ella Allan who authored numerous patterns books from c.1917 through to the early 1930s.What to Make for / Baby / Designs in Knitting / and Crochet. / Dedicated to everyone who Loves / a Baby. / PART THREE / By ELLA ALLAN / Wholly set up and Printed in Australia by / E.H. GIBBS & SONS, Printers and Publishers, / 19 Niagara Lane, Melbourne.knitting handicrafts - history crochet, allan, ella, knitting, handicrafts - history, crochet -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, Patons Knitting Book no. R.31
One of a collection of 56 knitting pattern books donated by Mrs Hilma Carruthers. These books had been used by Mrs Carruthers, her mother and her two daughters. This book was produced by Coats Patons and contains a compilation of knitting patterns for male garments. The patterns have been reprinted from earlier Patons books.Patons / R.31 / FAVOURITE DESIGNS FOR MEN / REPRINTED / TOTEM . JET . BLUEBELL / 30chandicrafts - history knitting, coats patons (australia) limited, handicrafts - history, knitting -
National Wool Museum
Book, Knitting, Patons Knitting Book no. 645
Patons knitting book from the early 1960s. Contains knitting patterns for childrens garments.JET . TOTEM . BLUEBELL . FUZZY WUZZY . DOUBLE QUICK / CONFETTI FLECKS . HIGHLAND . PATONYLE, 3 and 4 PLY / For Tiny Tots, / 6 months to 4 years, / 17 to 24 inches / PATONS BOOK / No. 645 / Patons / KNITTING BOOK 645 / WITH T.V. DESIGNS / 2'3handicrafts - history knitting, coats patons (australia) limited, handicrafts - history, knitting -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Board of Studies NSW, The myth of terra nullius. Invasion and resistance : the early years, 1995
Although biased to New South Wales a lot of general information on this subject is included together with references to Victoria. Very good for teachers with guides and tasks for secondary students.242P.; ill.; facsimiles; figs.; ports.; appendices; bib.; notes.; maps; 30 cm.Although biased to New South Wales a lot of general information on this subject is included together with references to Victoria. Very good for teachers with guides and tasks for secondary students.aboriginal australians -- government relations. | aboriginal australians -- history. | aboriginal australians -- new south wales -- la perouse -- history. | australia -- colonization -- history. | australia -- race relations -- history. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Barlow, Alex et al, Bosses ourselves : the story of Aboriginal self-government, 2001
Aboriginal self-government in the past and at present is related. A well presented book suitable for upper primary/early secondary students. In this book, the story of Aboriginal self-government, then and now, is told. Read about the traditional importance to Aboriginal people of their senior men and women and how the arrival of European settlers disrupted forever the way Aboriginal people organised their society and governed themselves. Learn about the struggle of Aboriginal people for the right to self-determination and about the role of bodies such as ATSIC. -- Back cover.32 p. : col. ill., maps, ports. ; 28 cm.Aboriginal self-government in the past and at present is related. A well presented book suitable for upper primary/early secondary students. In this book, the story of Aboriginal self-government, then and now, is told. Read about the traditional importance to Aboriginal people of their senior men and women and how the arrival of European settlers disrupted forever the way Aboriginal people organised their society and governed themselves. Learn about the struggle of Aboriginal people for the right to self-determination and about the role of bodies such as ATSIC. -- Back cover.aboriginal australians -- history -- juvenile literature. | aboriginal australians -- politics and government -- juvenile literature. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Document - Printed Sheets, Barrett, Charles, Blackfellows of Australia, 1936
Covers a wide range of aboriginal tribes and areas dealing with customs and art work beliefs and history. Some early plates curtesy of the Melbourne Museum.44p.; facsimiles; figs.; 30 cm.Covers a wide range of aboriginal tribes and areas dealing with customs and art work beliefs and history. Some early plates curtesy of the Melbourne Museum.aborigines-social life and customs., aborigines-victoria, murray river tribes-social life and customs. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Burrows, William, Adventures of a mounted trooper, 1986
Contents: Arrival in the colony & visit to the diggings; Road-making in Victoria; The tents and their occupants; Mounted police and their operations; Government Land Surveying; The mounted police again; The sessions at the diggings; Australian Birds; Birds Continued; Australian Animals; The Aboriginal inhabitants; Sheep and cattle stations; Climate and vegetable productions of Australia; Melbourne and its suburbs; Adventures narrated by a log-fire; A voyage to China; Three months in China and voyage to Sydney. Prehistory, early culture contact and history -- Early European contact -- Exploration and expeditions -- Colonisation -- 1851-.Other: Mounted Police -- Black Forest -- Wood End.143 p. ; 21 cm.Contents: Arrival in the colony & visit to the diggings; Road-making in Victoria; The tents and their occupants; Mounted police and their operations; Government Land Surveying; The mounted police again; The sessions at the diggings; Australian Birds; Birds Continued; Australian Animals; The Aboriginal inhabitants; Sheep and cattle stations; Climate and vegetable productions of Australia; Melbourne and its suburbs; Adventures narrated by a log-fire; A voyage to China; Three months in China and voyage to Sydney. Prehistory, early culture contact and history -- Early European contact -- Exploration and expeditions -- Colonisation -- 1851-.Other: Mounted Police -- Black Forest -- Wood End.burrows, william, 1830- -- journeys -- victoria. | victoria -- description and travel -- 1851-1900. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Roberts, Stephen H, The squatting age in Australia, 1835-1847, 1935
Brief mention of Aborigines throughout; p.87-217; Gov. Gipps policy, p.89; Faithfull party massacre; p.157; depredations and attacks by natives at Ovens; p.159; Murders by Werribee natives; 316317; Attacks on Pee Dee Station on the Macleay; 329-337; Early history of missions, govt. policy, murders etc., natives as shepherds; Early types of employment for natives in Queensland.ix, 378 p. : maps. ; appendices; footnotes; 22 cm.Brief mention of Aborigines throughout; p.87-217; Gov. Gipps policy, p.89; Faithfull party massacre; p.157; depredations and attacks by natives at Ovens; p.159; Murders by Werribee natives; 316317; Attacks on Pee Dee Station on the Macleay; 329-337; Early history of missions, govt. policy, murders etc., natives as shepherds; Early types of employment for natives in Queensland.squatters - australia. -
National Wool Museum
Book, Australia's First Lady: the story of Elizabeth Macarthur
"Australia's First Lady: the story of Elizabeth Macarthur" - L. Bickel, 1991. This book is a biography of Elizabeth Macarthur, wife of John Macarthur, and details her early life and her role in the Australian wool growing industry.AUSTRALIA'S / FIRST LADY / THE STORY OF / ELIZABETH MACARTHUR / LENNARD BICKELsheep breeding - history, macarthur, mrs elizabeth