Digital Image of BTPS tram No. 27 in Flinders St by Gary Davey via the Museum's WhatsApp message Saturday 7/8/2021 with the following message: "Instead of driving trams in Wendouree Parade today, I have spent most of the day scanning my slide collection. One slide that emerged I thought you all might find of interest. In the late 70s and early 80s the Victorian Government ran an Australian day transport pageant. On 1 February 1982 we ran 27 along Flinders St. to Simpson St. shunt. My photo was taken outside Flinders St. Station." Has a horse drawn cart along side.trams, tramways, btps, transport cavalcade, flinders st, flinders st station, tram 27

Three Page article titled "Hooray for Trams" from the Australasian POST March 10, 1977 pages 13, 14 and 15. Written as a "POST Report" features notes on the demise and debate of whether to have trams or not, Melbourne and Melbourne cable car system. Has photos from Melbourne (electric and cable), Sydney horse tram of 1866, Geelong No. 7, Gothenburg, Stuttgart, Bendigo (Birney No. 30) and Melbourne 1041. On page 16, in the start of "the funny pages" under the Ken Maynard Ettamogah pub has a story of an absent minded professor and his problem of getting his fare out of his pocket on a Melbourne tram. Images added 3-12-2016trams, tramways, trams, melbourne, cable trams, bendigo

Set of seven colour photographs taken by Carolyn Dean of the presentation of two reels of new trolley wire to the Museum by the Victorian Minister for Transport, Alan Brown on 26 Nov. 1996. Features President Richard Gilbert, local member, Paul Jenkins (member for Ballarat West)and Mayor of the City of Ballarat, James Coghlan. All on Kodak paper. 847.1 - Richard Gilbert speaking with Paul Jenkins and Alan Brown in background, with 671 behind. 847.2 - Paul Jenkins Speaking 847.3 - as for 847.1 847.4 - ditto 847.5 - Alan Brown speaking and Paul Jenkins 847.6 - Alan Brown on horse tram No. 1 847.7 - Paul Jenkins and Alan Brown on No. 1 See November 1996 Fares Please!All "26.11.96 / Photo Carolyn Dean"trolley wire, minister for transport, ceremonies, presentations, tram 671, tram 1

Agfa plastic mount (blue base, white cover) of a photograph of No. 26 at City terminus, inbound. Tram is in the process of being fitted with dash canopy lights and tiger strips and White Horse Whiskey advertisement on the back dash panel. Tram has destination of Sturt St. West on rear of tram which is probably where it came from. Has a crewman talking to two ladies standing between the seats at the City Terminus and the tram. Has Post Office and ANZ bank in the background. Photo taken early 1961. Slide rescanned at 3200 dpi 24-10-2020, jpg replaced, tiff file retained. This file was scanned in 2003 and may show colour changes. "BAS 16" in penciltramways, trams, city terminus, sturt st, post office, tram 26

Agfa plastic mount (blue base, white cover) of a photograph of No. 27 turning from Sturt St into Drummond St Nth Tram has been fitted with dash canopy lights and tiger strips. Tram has destination of Haddon St, has a "Cook with Electricity" roof advertisement and an advertisements for White Horse Whiskey and The Age on the front dash panel. Photo taken between 1961 and 1964. Note the SEC electrical section control box on the corner by No. 27. Has Southern Cross Hotel and Rimmington Bros. Butchers in the background. Slide rescanned at 3200 dpi 24-10-2020, jpg replaced, tiff file retained. This file was scanned in 2003 and may show colour changes. "BAS 21" in penciltramways, trams, hospital corner, sturt st, drummond st, tram 27

Letters, e-mails concerning tickets held by Max Bennett of Horsham comprising: 1. Letter from Max Bennett with photocopy of the tickets of interest. 2. Letter to Max Bennett from BTM 3. E-mails to and from Alan Bradley of the BTM concerning the tickets 4. Print of the photo images made on the day of the tickets, front and back. Tickets: ESCO 1 1/2d ticket with a horse tram - No. 38910 SEC 1d strip ticket - No. AA 321407 - see also Reg. Item No. MT&O Co. Ticket 1 1/2d (cable tram ticket) See file btm 2134 notes.doc for word document with the images contained.trams, tramways, tickets, esco, sec, mt&o co.

Yields information about the streetscape of Bridge St about 1880, prior to trams, with horse drawn carts and gravel streets and businesses.Black and White copy photograph of a Gold Museum photograph - Bridge St, about 1880. Looks from intersection with Main St to the west. Shows many horse drawn carts, people, gravel paved streets with bluestone gutters. Buildings in the image - Pittards Warehouse, M.J. Robinson and Shilling Arcade. On the right hand side are three lamps, one with a sign "Good Beds 1s". Original photograph (not in book) has a handwritten note "Bridge St about 1880 presented by Miss Anderson." Has pins hole showing in the original print. Collected by Alan Bradley from the Gold Museum early 1980's. Used in The Golden City and its Tramways - page 8.tramways, trams, bridge st, horse drawn vehicle, main st

Black and White scan or Bromide copy of a photograph of Ballaarat Tramway Company horse tram No. 5 outside the Vine Hotel in Macarthur St, Ballarat on the corner with Creswick Road. Has A. Ronald's Vine Hotel in the background with a Vine Hotel advertisement on the modesty board of the tramcar. Has a number of passengers, including ladies on the top deck and around the tramcar and hotel. Original of photograph from Harris House of Photography. Collected by Alan Bradley from the State Library of South Australia early 1980's. Used in The Golden City and its Tramways - page 29. 3792.1 - black and white photograph print of above - added 29/7/2007, ex Alan Bradley collection of photographs 5/2007.tramways, trams, horse trams, vine hotel, macarthur st, advertisements, tram 5

Printed colour postcard of photograph of Sturt St. in the mid 1940's looking from the top of a building in Grenville St. towards the West. Has a number of parked vehicles in kerbs, two people riding horses, a Vacuum Oil Co. truck in the bottom right hand corner and an SEC tram travelling west, just past the City Loop points. See Reg Item 675 for the same photograph - slightly cropped. Victorian Railways photograph. On rear the card has been ruled for address, stamp and titled postcard. Along the bottom edge is the publication details "ANSCOL - Australian Natural Scenic Colour - Thomas Tennant, 14 Jaques St., Chatswood N.S.W." trams, tramways, sturt st, postcards, sec, grenville st, tram 4

Yields information about working on trams in Melbourne and has a strong association with Frank Puls a BTM member.Fifty Two page, with glossy card cover and plain white paper inside - "The Tramway Record Vol. 54, No. 16 Souvenir Edition 1993" - with title in green and black ink and Australian Tramway and Motor Omnibus Employees Association logo on the front cover. Printed by the Victorian branch of the union. Features history of the Union, Retired Tramway Employees Association, Tow Away Zones, Further tram stories by Frank Puls, news from the depots, Jess Wilson, one of the first connies in Melbourne, Remembering the Records, and a list of past and present Secretaries. Frank Puls article on pages 9 and 10, stories of working on Melbourne trams and page 13, a photo of BTM Horse Tram No. 1trams, tramways, unions, melbourne, ballarat, btps

Newspaper Clipping from The Courier, Ballarat Sat. 30 April 1955, titled "Fifty years of electric trams in Ballarat". Features photo of the opening of the tramway to Lydiard St. North, Norman St in 1937 and Leo Grant, depot worker, working on the undergear of Ballarat No. 19. Notes the number of staff employed, Mr. L. J. Denmead as Superintendent, 67 motormen or conductors, four inspectors, a senior inspector, 12 track men and 12 depot workers and a number of traffic clerks. Gives a history of electric trams in Ballarat, conversion of horse trams, trams ex Sydney, fares, replacement trams, trailers, conductresses, bogie trams, gold tram, reconditioning of the system. ballarat, sec, esco, reconstruction

Has a strong association with the work of the Royal South Street Society, who published a handbook or manual for their competitions. Used a photograph published at about the same time.Printed sepia coloured photograph of Sturt St. in the mid 1940's looking from the top of a building in Grenville St. towards the West. Has a number of parked vehicles in kerbs, two people riding horses, a Vacuum Oil Co. truck in the bottom right hand corner and an SEC tram travelling west, just past the City Loop points. Colour postcard of same photograph see Reg Item 2981 and another print see Reg Item 675 Appeared in the 1939 Royal South St Society competition Manual. Appears to have been used as a piece of note paper. See also Reg item 675 for alternative source details.Handwritten note in very faint pencil on rear.trams, tramways, ballarat, sturt st., royal south street society

Glossy postcard with edges raised above the photograph itself of Collins St. Melbourne looking east along Collins St towards the NE corner of the intersection with Elizabeth St. Cable trams in distance with many horse drawn vehicles on both sides of street and pole lines with wires. B.H.Alston building features. Some motor cars in photo. On base of card is title & in bottom RH corner is 'No. 10'. On rear are areas for Address and Correspondence. Title is 'Collins St. 'The Block' Melbourne'. On rear as well is publisher details with Melbourne mis-spelt. Rear of card is finished off white , while front has a light pink finish. Photo printed using photographic paper. Printed in Great Britain. trams, tramways, melbourne, collins st., cable trams

This building was adjacent to Surrey Lodge, on the corner of Canterbury and Union Roads. The store was established by George Sim in 1885 and in 1889 he set up the 1st Surrey Hills Post Office here. The business was bought by Alfred Claude Geer in 1909; the Camberwell Rate books show that from 1913 Geer remained owner but the business was occupied by Alfred Henry Crump; confirmed by electoral rolls for 1913-1918. Prior to moving to Surrey Hills, Alfred was a grocer in Dandenong. Otto Kuhn was Alfred Crump's store manager and may have taken this photo. Alfred married Hazel May Ordish in 1913 in Dandenong. The marriage notice in the Argus on 5 July indicates that the couple resided at 'Hazeldene' in Leopold Crescent. Moran and Cato had already established a business across Union Road from McNeill's Hotel and in time this business and one other grocery store opposite closed as a result.Black and white photo of A H Crump's grocery and produce store in Canterbury Road, Surrey Hills in 1913. There are 4 men and 2 horse-drawn carts in front of a timber single-storey building with a verandah with a corrugated-iron roof. At least one of the carts has "A H CRUMP" painted on the side. Three of the men are wearing long white aprons; the other, AH Crump, is in a suit. Advertising signs on the hoardings are for Huttons hams and bacon and Empire flour. Cadbury's cocoa is advertised on the shop window. The hoarding above the verandah also indicates that the business was established in 1884. There is a block-fronted single storey house with a picket fence adjacent to the shop, to the east along Canterbury Road."SURREY HILLS.13.6.2" diagonally across the bottom LH side of the photo.post offices, grocers, shops, businesses, horse drawn vehicles, alfred henry crump, alfred crump, alfred claude geer, alfred geer, otto kuhn, george sim, hazel may ordish, hazel may crump

Quite a damaged large thin format storybook for boys - the front and back covers are detached and depict a coloured illustration of an Indian chief, two other Indians and a European man all on horses. On the back of the front cover is printed bookplate - This book belongs to..... Inside there are black and white illustrations. There is a separate loose page presumed to be part of the original book, a coloured picture of a schoolboy standing outside a Tuck Shop taking money out of his pocket to buy sweets. There is a short poem at the bottom of the page and the title - That Empty Feeling is written about the overall picture. At the top is an inscription written in ink, To Lance with all good wishes from Auntie Ada and in pencil - Xmas 1932.fictiona collection of short adventure stories written for boys children's stories, adventure stories

The Little Wonder Store was built in 1883 from materials of the demolished Maddingley School. It was located on the corner of Grant Street and Labilliere Street. In 1886 James Alford obtained a licence to conduct the Railway Hotel and General Store there. A second storey was added later and the building continued to operate as the Railway Hotel. It was destroyed by fire in 1998. The photo also shows the covered wagon of a travelling salesman, who were known as ‘hawkers’, who were significant in the supply of goods and news to outlying towns and districts before the development of road and rail networks. Small sepia 'carte de viste' style unframed photograph on card with gold border framing photograph. Housed in the Jeremeas Family Album which contains photographs of Bacchus Marsh and District in 1883 by the photographers Stevenson and McNicoll. The photo shows a single-storey building of bluestone and brick with two signs on the front and side, the front sign reading “THE LITTLE WONDER” and the side sign “GENERAL STORE”. Above the door is a sign with the name ‘James Alford’. The windows display the merchandise of the store. Outside the store is a travelling salesman’s cart pulled by two horses. The salesman sits in the cart ready to drive off. Standing along the street outside the store are three men, three women and two young children.Printed On the front: Stevenson & McNicoll. Photo. 108 Elizabeth St. Melbourne. COPIES CAN BE OBTAINED AT ANY TIME. On the back: LIGHT & TRUTH inscribed on a banner surmounted by a representation of the rising sun. Copies of this Portrait can be had at any time by sending the Name and Post Office Money Order or Stamps for the amount of order to STEVENSON & McNICOLL LATE BENSON & STEVENSON, Photographers. 108 Elizabeth Street, MELBOURNE. stevenson and mcnicoll 1883 photographs of bacchus marsh and district, shops bacchus marsh, general stores bacchus marsh vic., hawkers, hotels bacchus marsh

BHS CollectionFirst Class Season Greeting Booklet: Small Blue booklet with gold Print. Gold logo with a horse shoe and a train engine with smoke stack, around that is a banner with *Health Wealth and Happiness line* Also printed on the front is *A First Class Season to you*. Inside on white paper and black print is *First Class Season Ticket. Health Wealth & Happiness Line on the Railway to Life. Always available stations all over the world etc. A Joyous Christmas and a bright New Year, with a long and very happy journey through life. No. 369 Issued by…. Maud. On the back printed in gold is Good Luck. Two hands clasped and underneath At All Times and At All Seasons in Box 625Angus Thomas, Publisher London, E.C.personal effects, greeting cards, christmas

Diggers & Mining. Life Of the Selectors. Picture titled 'A Habitable Dwelling. ROUGH PARTY (appearing suddenly out of the end of a hollow log). ''Hullo, mate, what the blanks your little game?'' FREE SELECTOR. - ''Oh! Nothing much; going to take up a bit of land-run a few sheep, that's all friends.'' ROUGH PARTY. - ''Well, you needn't have come so blanked to the HOME STATION.'' Picture depicts man climbing out of a log and a man sitting on the log, and the billy over the fire with horse in background. Markings: Life Of the Selectors 1860 - 1890 Set 432 No. 20. A Habitable Dwelling- ''Melbourne Punch,'' October 22, 1874. Used as a teaching aid.Visual Education Centereducation, tertiary, goldfields

Radio Transcript or script, 7 foolscap typed pages, double spaced titled "Wireless Talk -- Mr. J. D. Barton Staff Officer MMTB - Melbourne Street Transport No. 2". Report looks at the history of horse bus routes in Melbourne, building of the cable trams, the Parliamentary Bills for the cable trams, constructing the lines, Mr. G. Duncan, Mr. Clapp, construction difficulties, the Melbourne Tramway Trust, MTOC, drainage issues, bridges, alterations to the Act, Patent issues with a London company, opening dates and comments about wire rope. Could be a few pages missing given the way it ends, no thank you or formal ending. Item noted dated, presumed late 1920's.Has pencil notation in top left hand corner "6 copies"trams, tramways, public transport, radio stations, horse buses, mto co, melbourne, cable trams, mtt

Set of five blocks each of four tram featured stamps issued for the "Australian Historic Tramways" 11 October 1989 by Australia Post. Features a photograph of Hobart Electric trams on the inside cover, with the five stamps behind a plastic sheet. On the front is a photo of Railway Square Sydney, the rear cover has a description of the trams and of Australian tramways. Five stamps, all 41c: Adelaide Horse Tram Sydney Steam Tram Melbourne Cable Tram Hobart electric Tram Brisbane Electric Tram. See Reg Item 470, Reg Item 471 to 474 for other examples and associated materials and 510 for a Poster. Contained within an Australia Post stamp packet.trams, tramways, stamps, australia post, cable trams, horse trams

Set of 8 colour prints of a tram cavalcade in Swanston St Melbourne - 19/4/1995 about the Parade of historic trams in Swanston St that day, titled ”Tram Day - A Celebration of Trams” , See Reg Item 1876 for event details, some history of the tramcars and an item “Our Landmark on wheels” written by Keith Dunstan - about his thoughts on Melbourne and its trams, cable trams and that they are a Landmark (see also Reg Item 1873).. .1 - HTT 8 with the Melbourne Town Hall in the background. .2 - 104 ditto .3 - horse tram 256 with No. 8 behind .4 - 774 .5 - 862 .6 - 217 .7 - 431 .8 - 380trams, tramways, melbourne, tourism, w class, parades, swanston st, events, horse trams, tram 8, tram 104, tram 774, tram 862, tram 217, tram 431, tram 380, tram 256

Set of 9 loose tickets 1 - British Railways platform ticket for LlanfairPG - the station with the longest name in the UK. 2 - two yellow tickets for the "A Cavalcade of Transport" 30/1/1978 - Nos 1823 and 5362 3 - set of 8 orange tickets in a block - The Melbourne Pageant 29/1/1979 - nos 5644 to 51. 4 - Set of two TMSV zoo horse tram tickets - Adult and Child - 0505 and 0005. 5 - NSW Railways ticket - Circular Quay to Bondi Junction - machine issued dated 26 Jul. 6 - Two tickets on cardboard for a SPER tour on the Glenelg tram 24/3/1974 and AETM 23/3/1974.trams, tramways, tickets, nsw, sper, aetm, tmsv, cavalcade, uk

Framed and glazed photograph of the corner of Collins and Elizabeth Streets Melbourne, looking North East. Wooden frame, brown and gold lining, green card cut to present photograph, with title ""Corner of Collins and Elizabeth St, Melbourne, Australia 1903". Has been lined with brown paper on rear. Two screwed frame hanging supports on either side with four runs of string between them. Has Post Office, Town Hall and Scots Church Towers in the view. One cable car set and one motorised car along with many horse drawn vehicles. Has signed buildings for: Falk Carter & Verner City Hotel M.A Alexander R.H. Alston Blitz's DentistOn rear in black felt pen "$N/XX" and "1997"trams, tramways, melbourne, collins st, cable trams, elizabeth st

Quarto sheet - printed and typed form - report - "Prahran and Malvern Tramways Trust - Traffic Summary for week ending 9th April 1919". Gives the car miles, passengers and revenue for each day of the reporting week. Gives details for the Trust lines, Burke Road extension and the White Horse Extension along with a summary of revenue, revenue per car mile and passengers per car mile. Also notes the weather conditions. Item .2 to .5 added 9-8-2018 from donation of Bob Wilson. .2 - Week ending 12/3/1919 .3 - ditto 19/3/1919 .4 - ditto 26/3/1919 .5 - ditto 2/4/1919trams, tramways, pmtt, tramcars, reports, passengers

The nine postcards in this set were donated together and date to the early 1900s. All but one postcard in this set shows images of Warrnambool, in the Western District of Victoria; the other has a London image. The postcards were all printed in Great Britain according to that country’s postal regulations. The fronts of all cards have titles printed in red. Most of the images on the cards are attributed to photographer Joseph Jordan and belong to the Jordan Series. The back of these cards has an outline for a postage stamp, a vertical dividing line and a heading on each side of the line to separate the Correspondence from the Address. However, this postcard is the 'odd one out' in that its location is London, it has no border, it has no reference to 'Jordan' or 'Jordan Series' no reference to the printer, no 'correspondence heading', it is slightly smaller than the others, and it has text in the stamp area that refers to 'inland' and 'foreign' postage, a half-penny inland and one-penny overseas.. Postcards or ‘correspondence cards’ appeared in Britain in 1894. They were plain cards with a space for the message on one side and an address on the other; regulations didn’t allow anything but the address to be written on the ‘address’ side. In 1902 the British regulations then allowed a picture to be printed on the front and the address on the back, so messages had to be written on the picture side. Soon, the regulations changed and the back was divided for a message and the address. New Gaiety Theatre, Strand [London] - The New Gaiety Theatre opened in 1903 on the corner of The Strand and Aldwych, London. The second show performed in the new theatre was “The Spring Chicken” in 1905. The third show followed in 1907. The preprinted postage cost on the stamp outline is ½ d. or half penny; according to The Great Britain Philatelic Society, Great Britain Postcard Stamps were priced 1/2 d. or Half Penny from 1-Oct-1870 to 3-Jun-1916. The postcard is significant for its inclusion with a set of nine postcards, eight of which are images of Warrnambool and its district and photographed by Joseph Jordan. It is also curious for is lack of connection to Jordan. Postcard, one of nine, portrait orientation, coloured print. The image shows a tall three-storey corner building with a statue on its domed tower and smaller towers on the sides. The top two storeys have balconies with columns, and overhang the ground floor, providing cover over the footpath. The foreground has horse-drawn carriages and coaches, and motorised vehicles including a bus. Figures wearing top hats and others in long dresses are in front of the building, which has a sign on the corner advertising the building and its current show. There is no correspondence written on the card. The front of the postcard has a printed red title and an inscription on the image. The reverse has inscriptions and outlines for a postage stamp. Made in Britain.Sign on the image of the building: “GAIETY / SPRING CHICKEN / THEATRE” On the front in red: “New Gaiety Theatre, Strand” On the back in printed in green: Stamp box “INLAND / 1/2d.’ STAMP / FOREIGN 1d.” “POST CARD” “THE ADDRESS ONLY TO BE WRITTEN HERE” flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, maritime museum, warrnambool, great ocean road, warrnambool and district, warrnambool scenes, local scenes, views of warrnambool, postcard, souvenir, correspondence, cameo postcard, new gaiety theater, the strand, spring chicken, gaiety theatre, london theatre

A Bendigo Advertiser newspaper article titled '1899 - 1977 - and still the heart of fire fighting - Bendigo Fire Station classified by the National Trust by Amy Huxtable.' This article is an historical account of the history of the Bendigo Fire Station since the foundation stone was laid in View Street on September 23, 1898 by the Hon. J. S. Sternberg, MLC. Prior to that from the 1850s fire fighting involved a bucket and a horse. With the laying of the foundation stone came the merger of the three central brigades to become one strong unit under one control. There are some historical photos included in the article. Note the first motorised fire-fighting vehicle - the Horace Lansell, acquired in 1912. 25/06/77.essential services, firefighting, history, lydia chancellor collection, collection, fire, fire fighting, organisation, bendigo fire station, national trust, capital theatre, history, amy huxtable, trophies, machinery, safety

Plan of the Chewton Goldfield with Scale Measurement in chains. Plan shows the township of Chewton with the reefs and leases, the railway line and the Main Castlemaine - Melbourne Road. Also, the Eureka Vineyard. Issued by The Stock Exchange of Melbourne, April 1937. Leases named are: Central Wattle Gully, Wattle Gully United, Wattle Gully Extended, South Wattle Gully, Golden Wattle, Chewton, White Horse, Wattle Gully, North Wattle Gully, North Chewton, Upper Barkly, Post Office Hill, Misima United, Argus Hill, Chapmans, Chewton Prospecting Co, Fiji Gold & Gold Mines of Fiji and Nimrod. Stamp in the top right corner: Edward Dyason & Co. - Queen St. Melbourne. Sharebrokers.map, mining reports, plan of chewton goldfield, edward dyason & co, the stock exchange of melbourne, central wattle gully, wattle gully united, wattle gully extended, south wattle gully, golden wattle, chewton, white horse, wattle gully, north wattle gully, north chewton, upper barkly, post office hill, misima united, argus hill, chapmans, chewton prospecting co, fiji gold & gold mines of fiji, nimrod

Believed to have been made 1939/43. In 1904 the British Army adopted a new General Service (GS) pack saddle with an adjustable tree, known as the Mark V pack saddle. The main innovation was the adjustable tree created by having the front and back steel arches jointed to the wooden sidebars, which allowed them to turn to adjust to the size of the back of whatever animal carried the saddle, from the largest horse to the smallest donkey, and eliminated the need to manufacture saddles in different sizes. The saddle could be adapted, by the addition of hanging bars, or universal slats, to carry a wide variety of stores, tools and equipment, and also wounded men. The GS pack saddle was used in both world wars by both the British and Australian armies. The use of pack saddles was especially important in the campaign in Palestine during the First World War where wheeled transport was often not an option. Each machine gun carried by light horse units was transported on a pack saddle, and was accompanied by a second pack animal carrying spare ammunition. During the Second World War pack animals were routinely used by patrols, and larger units such as Norforce, in remote areas of northern Australia. The saddle shown here has two separate girths, which crossed under the animal's belly. Most later versions of the saddle used a shorter single girth buckled to a 'V' attachment, which was in turn buckled to the sidebars. Use of the 'V' attachment gave greater strength and stability to the saddle, and decreased 'rocking' of the load.

A Dray is a type of dead axle wagon that was used to transport heavy loads or objects. They had a flat level floor and while some had no sides, others had box bodies and sides. Tip Drays (also known as Tip Carts, Muck Cart, Scotch Cart, Tumbrel or Putt in different parts of England) were smaller than other drays as their loads were heavy and usually only pulled by one horse. Their basic design included two wheels, a tipping body and shafts. The Tip Dray has a unique mechanism that allows the top to tip backwards to tip the load out of the back of the dray. The tipper was activated by a handle at the front allowing the driver to operate it while still having control over the horse. A Tip Dray was an indispensable piece of equipment in the days before tractors and mechanical trucks. They were used by farmers and carters to transport hay, rocks, bricks, gravel and rubbish etc. and because they were useful for dumping loads, they were favoured for use in road and railway construction. A photo in the collection of the Lorne Historical Society shows a tipping dray being used during the construction of the Great Ocean Road. They were part of the daily street traffic in towns and cities around Australia from the early days of settlement. In Australia in the early 1900's, carters began to join unions to protect their jobs and pay. N.S.W. had a "Trolley, Draymen and Carters Union", Queensland had a "Tip Dray Men's Association" and in W. A. the "Top Dray Driver's Union" had a "cessation of work" in 1911 when they were fighting for an increase in their day's wages. In 1910 a meeting of Tip Carters was held in Geelong at the Trades Hall to discuss the formation of a union (The Geelong Tip Dray Carters) which was a success and a schedule of rates for all carting, whether by contract or day labor, was fixed. By 1912 they had "labelled" more than 50 drays and had representatives on the "Trades Hall and Eight Hours Committee". By the mid 1930's and early 1940's, tip drays were being superseded by mechanical trucks and utes. However tip drays continued to be used in some circumstances. They were a practical solution to the problem of petrol rationing during W. W. 2. It was noted in a letter to the editor in the "Sunshine Advocate" in 1938 that a positive argument for continued use of Tip Drays for rubbish collection related to the idea that a horse drawn vehicle involved with lots of stops and starts at different houses (very like a milkman's delivery route) often involved the horse "driving itself" while the driver picked up the rubbish - something a motor truck was unable to do! Another article written in August 1935 and published in the Age in a parliamentary report into the rubber industry noted "tip drays had almost disappeared and in their place, metal was carted in 5 ton motor trucks" but the report went on to say that as a part of the Government relief work (during the Great Depression) the Government had "to some extent reintroduced the tip drays so that a greater number of men would be employed". This particular tip dray was owned by Mr. Oswald (Jack) Bourke. He used it to deliver dry goods from Sunbury to the Queen Victoria Market in Melbourne several times a week in the 1930's and then (between 1945 and 1962) Mr. Bourke used it on the garbage round in Springvale Victoria for the Springvale Council. The Council owned three drays and the "No. 3" painted on this dray is in recognition of its original number. After the death of Mr. Bourke in 1990, one of Mr. Bourke's sons (Andy) found the dray in a shed and restored it. The sign writing on the back and side panels were added during the restoration. This Tipping Dray is a significant example of a horse drawn vehicle that was used by workers from the early days of white settlement through to the 1940's and even into the early 1960's. It was used in a range of "working class" occupations - road construction, railway construction, carting goods, rubbish collection etc. and would have been found in cities, country towns and on farms.A wooden and metal tipping dray with a box body and four sides. It has two iron and wooden wheels (with 14 spokes), two wooden shafts and a metal tipping mechanism. The back panel folds down to allow loads to be dumped out. It is painted in green and cream with sign writing on one of the sides and on the front and back panels. It features decorative painted lines and designs in burgundy, cream and light blue on most of the wooden parts. The tipping mechanism is on the front of the dray's left side and consists of a metal pin secured with a metal ring, and a lever.Front of dray - "No. 3" Side of dray - "A. & M. BOURKE / Contractors / LONGWARRY" Back of dray - "G.T. ANDREWS / QUEEN VICTORIA MARKET - Stand C23 / Phone DANDENONG 225"flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, shipwreck coast, tipping dray, dray, tip dray, tip cart, vehicles, horse drawn vehicle, springvale council, jack bourke, muck cart, scotch cart, tumbrel, putt, box body, oswald bourke, sunbury, queen victoria market, melbourne, no. 3