Handwritten quote from W. Abraham, Inspl of Mines, Bendigo. He had been at the Great Northern Company's mine when the engine driver was hauling water from the 1.780 feet level, with a tank on one side and a cage on the other, broke the cross-head and two motion-bars; the drums reversed and desecended about 50 feet. The driver applied the air-brakes. The drums were brought a standstill, without any further damage. The Insp. Was in favour of the air -brakes and thought every should be compelled to use them in shafts below 1,000 feet in depth. Also a list of companies who have had these brakes fitted to their winding plants and a list of the companies who intend to fit them. Also mentioned is the price of fitting which was from 30 to 50 pounds.document, gold, mining reports, mining reports, air brakes, secretary mines report 1900 page 69, w abraham, great northern company, harkness & co, james mitchell, princess dagmar g m coy, confidence extended g m coy, victoria reef quartz coy, new moon g m coy, great southern garden gully g m coy, francis ormond g m coy chewton

Printed extract from the Victoria Government Gazette, No. 155, dated 17th March, 1948. Regulation details the Code of Signals to be Used in Mines. Signals covered are: Signals for Winding, Firing Signal, Interplat Signals, Signals for Capstan and Pumping Engine and Signalling Rules. Albert Richardson Collectiondocument, gold, mining reports, mining reports, mines acts code of signals, victoria government gazette no 155 17th march 1948, mr hollway, mr oldham, mr byrnes, the fhonorable john herman lienhop, j c macgibbon, j j gourley

Handwritten quote with typed copy of same, from Sec. Mines Report 1897. 1897 Quote: 'Several winding plants erected. The most up to-date and worth special mention. The New Chum Railway Company, Victoria Quartz, and Hustlers Royal Reserve No 2. 1899 - Three new winding plants erected. 1900 - Two new winding plants. 1901 - three up to-date winding engines erected. Albert Richardson Collectiondocument, gold, mining reports, mining reports, new winding engines, sec mines reports, new chum railway company, victoria quartz, hustlers royal reserve no 2

BOUND FOLDER, BLACK CARDBOARD COVER 152 PAGESnon-fictionFred Cahir tells the story about the magnitude of Aboriginal involvement on the Victorian goldfields in the middle of the nineteenth century. The first history of Aboriginal–white interaction on the Victorian goldfields, Black Gold offers new insights on one of the great epochs in Australian and world history—the gold story. In vivid detail it describes how Aboriginal people often figured significantly in the search for gold and documents the devastating social impact of gold mining on Victorian Aboriginal communities. It reveals the complexity of their involvement from passive presence, to active discovery, to shunning the goldfields. This detailed examination of Aboriginal people on the goldfields of Victoria provides striking evidence which demonstrates that Aboriginal people participated in gold mining and interacted with non-Aboriginal people in a range of hitherto neglected ways. Running through this book are themes of Aboriginal empowerment, identity, integration, resistance, social disruption and communication. For more information on Aboriginal History Inc. please visit aboriginalhistory.org.au.first nations history, australia's victorian goldfields

Originally built by Christopher Ballestedt (1796-1869) and his son Theodore. The Ballestedt's pioneered open cut and quartz mining on the Bendigo gold field. They were very successful. After Christopher's death, Theodore continued until 1871 when he sold Fortuna, their mines and equipment to George Lansell for 30,000 pounds.Four large plans of Fortuna villa. Scale 1:50 Australian survey office - Victoria Department of Administrative services. Fortuna Bendigo - Army Survey Regiment. Dept. of Defence - Army. Terrestrial Photogrammetric Survey. Project number: 8001/2. Reg. File: 64/531. Survey File:631. Draftsman: M.A. Osciak. Surveyed by G. Tucker. Date of Survey: 14/05/79. There are 4 large such plans in a plastic bag the measurement of the plans is approx. 115cm X 80 cm.plan, bendigo, fortuna villa

Handwritten notes describing the journey along Eaglehawk Road from the houses, poppet heads and mine tailings, etc. When the alluvial diggings were showing signs of exhaustion, and the fear arose that Bendigo was 'about done', two 'darkies' One named Dido, struck golden stone. They sold out to Ballerstedt and Son, and thus gold mining was revived. These areas were remarkable for the extraordinary richness of the lodes, and the singular manner in which the gold is distributed.document, gold, new chum & victoria lines of reef, notes on the victoria reef gold mines coy, gavan duffy, victoria hill, black lead, prince alfred, ballerstadt & son, goldfields registry, mr macartney, wittscheibe, luffsman

Handwritten notes outlining a plan for Victoria Hill, Central Nell Gwynne and New Chum Hill to be the focal position for a tourist attraction. Outlines steps to be taken to do the work and a mining museum at the Central Nell Gwynne. On the back of the page is a sketch of Victoria & New Chum Hills. On the plan is the Battery, Rae, Rae's House, Rae's Open Cut, Wittscheibe, Midway, Victoria Quartz, Lansell's 180 Shaft and the Recreation Reserve.document, gold, new chum & victoria lines of reef, central nell gwynne, new chum hill, bendigo and district tourist development association, victoria hill, lansell's big 180, victoria quartz, rae's open cut

Hand written page of notes (incomplete) on Lansell's 222 Mine. Notes on the shaft, plant, winding engine, indicator, boilers and engine house. Yield 20,322 ounces of gold. Signed by A Richardson 3/1/68.gold mining, miners' safety cage, lansell's 222 mine, lansell's 222 mine, mining equipment, 'denis ' shaft, koch's & hildebrandt, fortuna battery, a harkness & co, victoria foundry, mines report 1884 page 49, a richardson

Longitudinal Section of the Fortuna Hustler's Mine on the Hustler's Line of Reef, Bendigo. Bulletin No 33, Plate No IV. Shows poppet legs at the surface level, Datum Line 750 feet above Sea Level, levels and their depths, the amount of gold per ton and some geographical features. Geological Survey of Victoria emblem and signed by H A Whitelaw, Underground Survey Office, Bendigo. Note - Plates 4, 8, 13, 20, 26 & 31 form a Longitudinal Section from Fortuna Hustler's to Hustler's Consols Mine. mining, parish map, fortuna hustler's mine, longitudinal section of the fortuna hustler's mine, geological survey of victoria, h a whitelaw, underground survey office bendigo, hustler's line of reef, hustler's consols mine

Two copies of pages, one from Victoria: Its Mines and Minerals page 40, dated June1, 1899 and one from Special Edition Australian Mining Standard, page 41, dated June 1, 1899. Page 40 has a picture of Lansell's '180'. Reports on yields, dividends, depths, where the gold was found, amount of gold per load, and working the mines. Mines mentioned are: Tribute Company, North Old Chum, The 180,The Victoria Quartz New Chum United, The Great Central Victoria, Victoria Consols, The Adventure, The Try-Me-Well, The Advance, The Cinderella, The Hercules Group, Ironbark Co, Victoria Gold Mines Co, Hercules & Energetic, Great Extended Hercules, The Pearl, New St Mungo, The Extended South Devonshire, Duchess Tribute, The Duchess of Edinburgh Co , Freeman & Co, The Danes. Albert Richardson Collectiongold mining, miners' safety cage, victoria: its mines and minerals, victoria: its mines and minerals, special edition australian mining standard, tribute co, mr w w barker, mr hicks, lansell's 180, north old chum, mr john wybrants, victoria reef, ballerstedt, geo lansell, victoria quartz, victoria hill, great central victoria, new chum united, mr j h craig, victoria consols, the adventure, try - me - well, the advance, the cinderella, the albert, the hercules group, ironbark co, the victoria gold mines co, the hercules and energetic, the great extended hercules, the pearl, new st mungo, the extended south devonshire, duchess tribute, the south devonshire, the duchess of edinburgh co, freeman and co, the danes

Gold was discovered on Victoria Hill in 1854 and by 1861, 1,200,000 ounces of gold had been extracted from the site. The first claim was bought for 80 pounds by Prussian immigrant Christopher Ballerstedt and his son Theodore. Christopher Ballerstedt was nicknamed the "Father of the Hill" and was the first to prove that gold reefs extended below the surface. His 200-foot plus mine shafts yielded quartz rich with gold, inspired other miners, and were instrumental in Bendigo becoming the world's deepest and richest goldfield. The site still features relics of nineteenth century mining including quartz crushing machinery and the foundations of George Lansell’s 180 mine. These features are characteristic of Bendigo’s mining history and represent two prominent nineteenth century miners, Christopher Ballerstedt and George Lansell, who held important roles in the development of Bendigo. Victoria Hill Quartz Gold Mines are registered as a site of significance. The site is of historical, archaeological and scientific importance to Victoria. The mines represent the symbolic heart of Bendigo’s gold mining history and the importance that mining played in wealth creation and the development of Victoria. The diggings reserve is accessed from the rear of Albert Richardson Reserve located at 40-56 Marong Road, Ironbark. The site has steep and unformed paths and is closed to the public at dusk. It is important to stay to the paths to avoid the diggings. Interpretive signs help visitors to appreciate the importance of the site and the remaining relics of Bendigo’s mining history.Victoria Hill Ironbark, Bendigo. Photos of the poppet head, sand heap, tailings, shafts and tunnels. Before development into a tourist attraction.history, bendigo, victoria hill, ironbark, diggings

Multiple handwritten and carbon copies referring to Victoria Hill. Mentioned in the notes are places of interest between Ironbark and Victoria Hill areas, history of the area and signposts for the Victoria Hill area.document, gold, victoria hill, victoria hill, the rich victoria hill and it's historical associations, j n macartney, quartz miners' arms hotel, ironbark methodist church, greek orthodox church, conrad heinz, john brown industries knitwear factory, little 180 mine, george lansell, british & american hotel, victoria reef gold mining coy, manchester arms hotel, housing commission homes, the ironbark (victoria reef gold), hercules & energetic, midway, wittscheibe, gt central victoria, wm rae, mr and mrs conroy, mrs lavery, central nell gwynne, moorhead's shop, gill family, gold mines hotel, david chaplin sterry, new chum and victoria mine, p m g repeater station, old chum mine, pioneer, rotary club of bendigo south, north old chum mine, ballerstedt's first open cut, lansell's big 180 mine

Drawing of leases with lease numbers, names of owners and names of mines on the New Chum Line of Reef. Lease numbers are: L296, L1505, L5394, L7486, 130, L1286, L3941, L6299, L7427, L323, L3175, L812, L3757, L3888, L6198, L703, L1130, L703, L3321, L3347, L3884, L4167, L4357, L6296, L55, L239, L962, L1494, L1708, L239, L962, L3320, L4779, L6457, L129, L961, L3926, L5566, L19, L959, L4652, L4895, L5371, L7740, L960, L4415, L4793.document, gold, victoria hill, victoria hill, victoria hill new chum line leases, j wybrants, s h mcgowan, north old chum n l, c & t ballerstedt, ballerstedt & son, geo lansell, j holmes, victoria reef company, h hawkins, victoria reef quartz mining co n l, g n craig, j g wheadon, wells & gibbs, midway co, s g cole, gibbs ballerstedt & wells united mining co, w barker, humboldt g m co, great central victoria co n l, howard and neumann, endeavor qtz mining co, woodward & gibbs, endeavor co, smith horner white and tipping, albert co, h birch, victoria consols mining co, victoria reef, sullivan jackson, nicholas ballerstedt & jones, ironbark quartz mining co, j h abbott, ironbark co n l, h y north, new chum consolidated g m co, d macdougall, h von der heyde, hercules & energetic co n l

Handwritten notes and carbon copy titled Question 5. Notes refer to Victoria Hill being opened up by Theodore Ballerstedt and his son early in 1854. Theodore Ballerstedt left for Germany having sold his home, crushing battery and mine to Mr. Geo Lansell. He called the mine the '180'. Next mine north to the '180' was the Victoria Quartz. Also contains notes on machinery, geological formations and earning from the mines.document, gold, victoria hill, victoria hill, question 5 on victoria hill, theodore ballerstedt, mr geo lansell, fortuna villa, commonwealth survey regiment, the 180, ballerstedt's original open cut, bendigo south rotary club, john wybrandt, north old chum coy, victoria quartz, victoria reef quartz company, mr william rae, a roberts & sons united ironworks, australian mining standard special edition 1899, bendigo advertiser 10/2/1897, a harkness & coy, bendigo advertiser 30/6/1910 page 5, rae's open cut, e j dunn, bendigo saddle reefs, wittscheibe's 'jeweller's shop', roberts & frost, ashley noy & coy, grant & co, woodward & son, couth allen and co, taylor gould and co, crawshaw & co, roberts & co

BHS CollectionHandwritten notes from the Secy for Mines Report for 1899 General. Page 7. Report by J. Travis, Act'g Sec. Mines & Water Supply. Notes include quantity of ore treated in Victoria, gold yield and average yield. Value of gold for Victoria, N. S. W., New Zealand, Tasmania and South Australia. Yield for 1898, 1899 and dividends for 1899. Also charges for Inspecting and Testing Boilers. Also Ore treated, yield, dwts per Ton, Dividends, Capital Paid Up and Divs Per Cent for the Garden Gully United, Gt. Southern Garden Gully, New Moon, Nw Chum Railway, Koch's Pioneer, Fortuna Hustlers, Johnson's Reef, McDuff Amalgamated, South New Moon, Lansell's South R. W. & Blue, Clarence United, Great Northern, Victoria Reef Quartz, Carlisle and Ironbark for 1899.document, gold, mining reports, mines report 1899 general, j travis, mines & water supply, garden gully united, gt. southern garden gully, new moon, nw chum railway, koch's pioneer, fortuna hustlers, johnson's reef, mcduff amalgamated, south new moon, lansell's south r. w. & blue, clarence united, great northern, victoria reef quartz, carlisle, ironbark

Handwritten notes on the Ironbark South Mine. Ironbark South as Victoria Consols, East Shaft, formed 1910 and last crushing 1922. Ironbark South formed September 1933. (October 1932 ?). Notes also mention connection with other mine levels. Best gold and dividends are also mentioned. Shaft sinking program carried out when the Ironbark South was formed. Dividends and gold yield mentioned.document, gold, mining reports, ironbark south mine, victoria consols, ironbark

Newspaper article from 'Down the Mall' in the Bendigo Advertiser dated Saturday 2/5/1970. '' If the 'old boys' of the Victoria Hill area had been about yesterday when a party of school children inspected the old mining district, it is likely they would have sent off 'new chum' gold with the visitors. Back in the days when mining was active, most of the boys carried their bottle of 'new chum' gold - mundic made to sparkle with a few drops of vinegar. They gave willing help to people making their debut panning for gold and never failed to 'salt' the dish with 'new chum gold.''newspaper, bendigo advertiser, victoria hill, new chum gold, bendigo advertiser sat 2/5/1970

Ten typed pages of notes and photocopied photos. Notes include Introduction which describes the journey between Bendigo and Eaglehawk. Notes also mention the Signposts at the Victoria Hill with their explanation. Dated 30/8/1971. The four photocopied photos are: (1) Victoria Hill - From Rae's Open Cut with the Central Nell Gwynne Popper Legs and the Victoria Hill Victoria Quartz Mullock in the background. (2) Looking North from Old Chum Hill to the Victoria Hill. (3) Victoria Quartz on Victoria Hill, Ironbark. (4) Rae's 35 Hd. Crushing Battery. Victoria Hill in background, Wm. Rae's early home top right.document, gold, victoria hill, the rich victoria hill and its historical associations, j n macartney, quartz miners' arms hotel, ironbark methodist church, john brown knitwear factory, little 180 mine, conrad heinz, british and american hotel, victoria reef gold mining company, manchester arms hotel, victoria hill from rae's open cut, ironbark (victoria reef gold mines), hercules and energetic, midway, wittscheibe, great central victoria, william rae, william rae junior, mr and mrs conroy, central nell gwynne, moorhead's shop, gill family, gold mines hotel, looking north from old chum hill to the victoria hill, new chum and victoria, old chum, pioneer, burrowes & sterry, rotary club of bendigo south, big 180, north old chum mine, ballerstedt's forst open cut, lansells big 180, george lansell, new chum syncline, lansell's 'cleopatra needle' type chimney, 222 mine, sandhurst or 'needle mine', victoria quartz mine, victoria reef quartz company, victoria quartz company, a roberts & sons, e j dunn, h harkness & sons, new chum drainage scheme, eureka extended, new chum railway, pearl, bendigo advertiser june 16 1910, rae's open cut, quartz roasting, anticlinal arch, prospecting tunnels, floyd's small 5 head crushing battery, great central victoria (midway), midway no2, midway north, ballerstedt's small 24 yard claim, the humboldt, wittscheibe, adventure, advance, luffsman & sterry, rae's 35 head crushing battery, a richardson, the bendigo goldfield 1851 to 1954, the victoria hill 1854 to 1949, australian mining standard special edition 1/6/1899, bendigo mines ltd, mines dept, bendigo advertiser, annals of bendigo, dickers mining record 23/11/1861, bendigo goldfields registry 1871, bendigo and vicinity 1895, mr rae anderson, w n macartney 1st edition 1871

Black and white photograph of the township of Sunnyside which came into existence after gold was discovered at Mt Wills north of Omeo Victoriahistoric sites, mines and mining

For over 20 years from 1893 gold mining was undertaken in the mountains around Glen Wills.Black and white postcard looking towards the Glen Wills Road situated between the valley and steep hills taken in summer Glen Wills Victoriasettlement, topography

Copy and a photocopy of notes titled 'The rich Victoria Hill and its Historical Associations. The photocopy does not have copies of the photos. Notes include Introduction, directions for getting to Victoria Hill, North Old Chum Mine 2310 ft deep, Ballerstedt's First Open Cut, Geographical Features, Lansell's Big 180, Crushing Battery, Lansell's Cleopatra Needle type chimney, Victoria Quartz Mine 4613 ft deep, Victoria Reef Quartz Company, Victoria Quartz Company, Victoria Quartz Dams, Rae's Open Cut, Quartz Roasting, Floyd's small 5 Head Crushing Battery, Great Central Victoria (Midway) Shaft, Ballerstedt's Small 24 yard Claim, The Humboldt, The Adventure, The Advance and Luffsman and Sterry's Claim. Copies of photos include: Victoria Hill from Rae's Open Cut, Looking North from Old Chum Hill to the Victoria Hill, the Victoria Quartz Mine and Wm. Rae's Crushing Works.document, gold, victoria hill, the rich victoria hill and its historical associations, j n macartney, quartz miners' arms hotel, ironbark methodist church, john brown knitwear factory, little 180, george lansell, conrad heinz, british and american hotel, victoria reef gold mining company, manchester arms hotel, housing commission homes, the ironbark, hercules and energetic, midway, wittscheibe, great central victoria, wm rae, mr & mrs conroy, moorhead's shop, central nell gwynne, gold mines hotel, david chaplin sterry, new chum & victoria, old chum, burrowes & sterry, rotary club of bendigo south, big 180, north old chum mine, ballerstedt's first open-cut, lansell's bit 180 shaft, victoria quartz mine, victoria reef quartz company, a roberts & sons, mr e j dunn, h harkness & sons, new chum drainage scheme, eureka extended, new chum railway, the pearl, inrush of water, shamrock, shenandoah, victoria quartz dams, rae's open cut, floyd's small 5 head crushing battery, great central victoria (midway) shaft, midway no 2, midway north, the humboldt, the adventure, the advance, luffsman & sterry's claim, chinese joss house, fortuna, p m g repeater station, bendigo and vicinity 1895, j n macartney 1st edition 1871, mr rae anderson, 'gill family, annals of bendigo obituary notices 1904, mining records and australian mining standard special edition 1/6/1899, bendigo advertiser 22/6/1871, b m l records mines department, patterson's goldfields of victoria, dickers mining record 23/11/1861, annals of bendigo, bendigo advertiser 24/7/1933, 27/8/1908, 30/6/1910, 16/6/1910, 17/6/1910, mining reports for 1910, australian mining standard special edition 1/6/1899 p40, bendigo mines ltd, mines department records, the bendigo goldfield 1851 to 1954, the victoria hill 1854 to 1949, wm rae's crushing works

Two copies (a & b) of a Royal Historical Society of Victoria, Bendigo Branch Self Tour of Goldfields No 1. The guide is to enable the tourist to locate and see for himself some of the gold mining area of Bendigo. Mines mentioned are: Deborah, North Deborah, Central Deborah, The Fortuna Hustlers, Hustlers Royal Reserve (City Mine), Great Extended Hustlers, The Hustlers Reef, Lansell's Comet, The United Hustlers and Redan, Garden Gully United, Central Nell Gwynne, The Old Chum, The New Chum and Victoria, The Lazarus, The New Chum United, The New Chum Consolidated, The Garibaldi, Advance, Lansell's 180, The Victoria Quartz, North Old Chum, The Ironbark, The Hercules, The Carlisle United, The Mungo Group, The Ellenborough, The St. Mungo, The Lady Barkly, South St. Mungo. Notes also include wages at the Fortuna Hustlers in 1906 and 1907, gold yield, depth of shaft, Dividends and Calls. Notes compiled by Mr. A. Richardson.document, gold, victoria hill, self tour of goldfields no 1, deborah (big deborah), north deborah, central deborah, the fortuna hustlers, hustlers royal reserve (city mine), great extended hustlers, the hustlers reef, lansell's comet, the united hustlers and redan, garden gully united, central nell gwynne, the old chum, the new chum and victoria, the lazarus, the new chum united, the new chum consolidated, the garibaldi, advance, lansell's 180, the victoria quartz, north old chum, the ironbark, the hercules, the carlisle united, the mungo group, the ellenborough, the st. mungo, the lady barkly, south st. mungo, hustlers hill, new chum hill, jonathan harris, j hustler, messrs latham and watson, buckell & jeffrey, camp hill school, mechanics institute eaglehawk, duke of edinborough, geo lansell, the k k shaft, williamsons, little's claim, rosalind park, mr pryor, gold mines hotel, burrowes and sterry, bonatti, menzies, hildebrant and koch's, ellesmere, p m g repeater station, mr lazarus, mt alvernia hospital, mr clarke magee, rae's, jeweller's shop, hopetoun band room, manchester arms hotel, wattle gully mine chewton, long gully post office, 'pope pius' roman catholic church, kentish, mr j b watson, california gully state school, duke of edinborough, new st mungo, duchess tribute, south devonshire, duchess of edinborough, west united devonshire, united devonshire, princess alexandra, hopewell, miners' phthisis, bendigo goldfields, mr a richardson

Typed notes on Victoria Hill and New Chum Hill. Notes give location, value of gold and plans for a mining museum.document, gold, victoria hill, victoria hill and new chum hill, john neil macartney, the age, the australasian, bendigo goldfields registry 1871, victoria reef quartz mine, north old chum, victoria consols, new chum and victoria, pioneer, lansell 222 mine, lazarus, barnet lazarus, mt. alvernia hospital, fortuna villa, george lansell, a. h. q. survey regiment, central red white and blue, hudsons, burrowes & sterry, b c v channel 8, bendigo and district tourist association, section 14 of the lands act 1958, mr a r richardson, cr t r flood, tourist association

Two copies (a & b) of handwritten notes on Victoria Hill - Wittschiebe & Co's Claim. Notes mention names of owners: Messrs. A Wittschiebe and two sons, A Sagasser, F Meison, A Urban, A Koch, C Killian and A Rudolf. Also mentioned are Area and title, workings, eight shafts were sunk, reef and yield, cost of works, contracts and remarks. Ref. Kickers Mining Record 23/11/1861 Page 11.document, gold, victoria hill, wittschiebe & co's claim, dickers mining record 23/11/1861, a wittschiebe, a sagasser, f meison, a urban, a koch, c killian, a rudolf, no 2 midway company, specimen hill company

Two typed copies of notes titled 'The Rich Victoria Hill and its Historical Associations'. Notes include notes on travel to Victoria Hill, picture from Rae's Open Cut, signpost for items of interest at Victoria Hill, picture Looking North from Old Chum Hill to the Victoria Hill, picture of the Victoria Quartz Mine and Rae's 35 Hd. Crushing Battery.document, gold, victoria hill, the rich victoria hill and its historical associations, j n macartney, quartz miners' arms hotel, ironbark methodist church, john brown knitwear factory, little 180 mine, conrad heinz, british and american hotel, victoria reef gold mining company, manchester arms hotel, housing commission homes, bendigo and vicinity 1895, bendigo advertiser, victoria hill from rae's open cut, nell gwynne poppet legs, robert wallace studios, ironbark 9victoria reef gold mines) hercules and energetic, midway, wittscheibe, great central victoria, william rae's home, mr and mrs conroy, william rae junior, moorhead's shop, gill family, gold mines hotel, david chaplin sterry, john brown knitwear factory, mr rae anderson, annals of bendigo, new chum and victoria, old chum, pioneer, burrowes and sterry's, new chum and victoria tribute, rotary club of bendigo south, big 180, victoria quartz mines, north old chum mine, ballerstedt's first open-cut, j n macartney bendigo goldfields registry 1871, b m l records mines department, john wybrandt, j c t christopher ballerstedt, theodore ballerstedt, from old chum to the victoria hill, george lansell, lansell's 'cleopatra needle' type chimney, 222 mine, sandhurst mine, a roberts & sons, australian mining standard special edition 1/6/1899, dickers mining record 23/11/1861, mr e j dunn, h harkness & sons, new chum drainage scheme, eureka extd, new chum railway, pearl, shamrock, shenandoah, new chum railway, floyd's small 5 head crushing battery, midway no 2, midway north, ballerstedt's small 24 yard claim, the humboldt, the adventure, luffsman and sterry's claim, chinese joss house, lansell's fortuna, p m g repeater station, a richardson, the bendigo goldfield 1851 to 1954, the victoria hill 1854 to 1949

Newspaper article and photo from the Bendigo Advertiser dated 12/7/68. Article mentions Victoria Hill, behind John Brown Industries Factory, will be the site for the mining and historical museum. Photo shows two visitors looking at the open cut area of Victoria Hill.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, victoria hill, site for mine museum, john brown industries, bendigo city council, bendigo and district association, cr t r flood, victoria quartz gold mine, lansell's 180 mine, theodore ballerstedt, mr george lansell, heather champness, shirley leersen

Majority of Galena in Australia is found in hydrothermal deposits emplaced around 1680 million years ago which have been heavily metamorphosed. Galena is the natural mineral form of lead sulfaide. It occurs generally as fine to large crystals due to syntectonic remobilization at low temperatures and moves to a suitable location. The colour is a shining lead and silvery gray with high specific gravity between 7.2 and 7.6 gms/cm3 and contains 86.6 lead sulfaide in its purest form. Its cyrstal system is cubic with perfect cleavages, and contract penetration and lamellar twinning. This particular specimen is from the Broken Hill mine, it is one of the largest lead mines located in Western New South Wales and still has ore reserves amounting to 20.9 million tonnes of ore grading of 7.4% lead, 9.4% zinc, and 61.5 million oz of Silver. Throughout its history, it has produced over 200 million tonnes of ore throughout its 127 years of mining history dating back to 1885. Galena mineral ore found in Australia is considered rare, as it is only currently found in the Broken Hill Mine of Western New South Wales. It represents heritage value through the systematic collecting of the geological surveyers in Victoria and Australia during the early to late 19th Century. The fact that it is only found in one mining area of Australia, shows that this specimen is rare for examples of Australian Galena. This mineral specimen is one part to a larger collection, aquistion, and distribution of Garnet in Galena around Australia and parts of the world and donated to the Burke Museum between 1860-1880. While this specimen was not found by the Victorian Geological Survey, it shows the historical need for mapping geological areas around the Gold Rush region to further identify areas of precious metal and gem aquisition. Additionally, collecting these specimens was an important part of mapping the scientific make up of the earth's surface. Many were sent to institutions for further contribution to research and scientific knowledge of the specimens. A solid coin-sized lead and zinc sulphaide and zinc silicate ore mineral in shades of black and red with shiny black points. GARNET CRYSTALS in / GALENA (lead sulphide), / SPALERITE (zinc sulphide), / WILLEMITE (zinc silicate) ore. / Locality: Broken Hill, NSWburke museum, #beechworth, indigo shire, beechworth museum, geological, geological specimen, mineral, galena, galena quartz, broken hill mine, broken hill, nsw