John Gartner was a fine printer and publisher, an author, a noted philatelist, and also collector of Australian banknotes and coins. He was born on 16 July 1914 and was largely self-educated, leaving school at fourteen for work following the death of his father. Gartner developed a strong interest in the history of typography and printing and was apprenticed at the Advocate where his father had been a linotype operator. Aged 17, Gartner bought a hand press and some fonts of type, and in 1937 acquired a platen press from which he set and printed his private press books, published under the imprint of The Hawthorn Press. Gartner had a strong collection of Australian bookplates. He also looked at the work of artists overseas and commissioned personal plates. He subsequently built an international collection with preference for artists who printed from wood. His initial searches were in Belgium and Holland.(http://www3.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-84/t1-g-t7.html)Etching showing a reclining nude woman holding the letter E in the foreground and a printmaker in the background. Signature bottom right hand cornerkeith wingrove memorial trust, bookplate, australian bookplate design awards, printmaking, nude

Used during Korean War Won (1947-) Main article: North Korean won After the division of Korea, North Korea continued using the Korean yen for 2 years until the Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was established on December 6, 1947 and a new currency was issued. It was at the time pegged at par to the Soviet ruble. It was revalued at a rate of one hundred to one in February 1959 and new won were issued. In the following years the won faced some devaluation, caused by the subsequent devaluation and redenomination of the Soviet ruble. From 1978 to 2001, the North Korean government maintained an iconic rate of 2.16 won to the US dollar; since then banks in the country exchange at rates closer to the black market rate. However, rampant inflation has been eroding the North Korean wŏn's value to such an extent that currently it is believed to be worth about the same as the South Korean wŏn. In any case, the U.S. dollar and other currencies are still worth more in North Korean wŏn on the black market than officially. South Korean currencies[edit] Won (1945-1953)[edit] Main article: South Korean won (1945) Following the end of the division of Korea, the won was introduced to replace the Korean yen. The won was subdivided in 100 jeon. The first banknotes were issued by the Bank of Joseon in denominations ranging from 5 jeon to 100 won. In 1950 the currency management switched to the Bank of Korea and new notes were then issued, mostly with higher denominations. The first note put in circulation by the Bank of Korea in 1950 was printed in Japan by the National Printing Bureau (国立印刷局). The next year the Korea Minting and Security Printing Corporation was created and took over as printer of South Korean currency. At the time of the introduction in 1945 the won was pegged to the Japanese yen at a rate of 1 won = 1 yen. In October of the same year the anchor currency got change to the US dollar at a rate of 15 won = 1 dollar. Toward the end of the Korean War the won was devaluated at 6000 won = 1 dollar. Following that the hwan was introduced as the new currency at a rate of 1 hwan = 100 won. Hwan (1953-1962)[edit] Main article: South Korean hwan Due to devaluation of the won the hwan was introduced on February 15, 1953 at the rate of 1 hwan = 100 won. It was subdivided in 100 jeon, but they were never used. New banknotes in denominations between 10 and 1000 hwan were issued. Starting in 1959, 10 and 50 hwan coins were also issued to replace the lower denomination notes. Those were the first circulating coins in South Korea. Due to the short notice of the change in currency, the first series of the new notes was commissioned from the United States Government Printing Office. The notes were released in five denominations, all with an identical design. Some replacement notes with a more suited Korean theme were later issued, starting with the 100 hwan just a month later. The hwan suffered from inflation as well. At its introduction, it was pegged to the United States dollar at 1 dollar = 60 hwan, but toward the end of its life it was devaluated at 1 dollar = 1250 hwan. In 1962, the won was reintroduced at the rate of 1 won = 10 hwan. The 10 and 50 hwan coins were kept in circulation until March 22, 1975.5 Currency notes issued by Korean Government and R.A.A.F. denominations of 100, 100 Won and 1 shilling国立印刷局, currency korea, money korea, money korean war

Fare tokens - 1 1/2d - 22mm diameter - dark brown celluloid - with words "Melbourne & Metropolitan" on circumference and "Tramways Board" in centre of token. On reverse in large font "1 1/2" and a small font "D" at to the right - indicating token had a value of one and a half pence. Both sides have a edge lining border about 1mm from the outer edge. Has been mounted or enclosed within a coin collectors/sale cardboard folder with an embossed crown on the front. See Inscriptions. Record updated following a query and being advised of an article in The Argus 1-4-1924 - see Reg Item 3359 for a copy. Item probably dates from c1920, phased out 1924. News item says made from "Paper Mache". See also Reg Item 1660 for another two examples and 4666.In ink on the front - "Melbourne + Metro Tramways Board token 1 1/2d" and in bottom left hand corner "aVF" and on rear in bottom right hand corner "R".trams, tramways, tickets, tokens, mmtb, melbourne

Demonstrates aspects of the Ballarat Tramways fare system at the time of the one man trams, tokens which could be pre purchased by travellers and save time when boarding trams. See notes on file re these eg Reg Item 1801.Fare token- 2d - 21mm diameter - green celluloid - with "B.E.T." in large capitals on front centre of token and words "Ballarat Electric Tramways 1913" on circumference. On reverse in large font "2" and a small font "D" at top of the two - indicating token had a value of two pence. Extract from A. Bradley "The Golden City and its Tramways" about tokens and why. "The ESCo worked out its procedures from its own experience. A "pay as you enter" system was used on city-bound cars, and a "pay as you leave" system on outward-bound cars. On Sundays during busy periods this was reversed on the Gardens lines, but conductors were still required on this line to cope with the heavy summer holiday traffic. Trams 1 to 18 were altered by altering the end seating, placing gates on doorways and "pay as you enter" and "pay as you leave" signs. Once on board, passengers paid their coins into a farebox mounted behind the driver, which was fitted with glass windows and mirrors to enable the driver to see the coins slide into the box - a form of "moral check on passengers". Regular passengers could buy pink or green celluloid tokens at a discount price, to save the motorman having to issue tickets and give change." Stopped being in use in 1921, see Reg Item 1801.1 and 1802. Place of manufacture not known. For other 2d token see Reg. Item 1943 and 2488 page 31. See Reg. Item 2514 for H.P. James notes on the token system. 1794.1 - added 18/4/2009 - donation of Lyall Denning Related documents provides some information on the value of the items. eBay sale 15/10/2006 $20 - eBay slip with worksheet - see related items.trams, tramways, tickets, tokens, esco, one man trams

The signage that detailed the events surrounding the Eureka Stockade diaroma was affixed to the hut wall beside the entrance to the interior diorama. In the first photograph, you can see the dark, bare timber colour of the slab wood that held the signage plus (on the left side) one of the numerous holes in the slab walls. This made the display very cold and draughty in its interior. Once inside, you were confronted with an earthen, gravel and leafy floor, which became muddy, after rain, as it was on the day this photograph was taken. The diorama was held in a glass and cement display case. with no lights on. It was dark inside the hut so the diorama was not easy to see unless you inserted a coin into a metal pay-box. Then lights would turn on and a recording of shouting and gunfire (representing the battle noise) would play. The Photographer remembers the whole experience to be short and underwhelming. Once outside the diorama’s slab hut, you could walk across to a partial representation of the stockade’s fortifications, complete with two wagon wheels. This space was also graveled to distinguish it from the rest of the green-lawn park. digital photographeureka stockade, diorama, jack ford, brenda ford, eureka stockade memorial

The signage that detailed the events surrounding the Eureka Stockade diaroma was affixed to the hut wall beside the entrance to the interior diorama. In the first photograph, you can see the dark, bare timber colour of the slab wood that held the signage plus (on the left side) one of the numerous holes in the slab walls. This made the display very cold and draughty in its interior. Once inside, you were confronted with an earthen, gravel and leafy floor, which became muddy, after rain, as it was on the day this photograph was taken. The diorama was held in a glass and cement display case. with no lights on. It was dark inside the hut so the diorama was not easy to see unless you inserted a coin into a metal pay-box. Then lights would turn on and a recording of shouting and gunfire (representing the battle noise) would play. The Photographer remembers the whole experience to be short and underwhelming. Once outside the diorama’s slab hut, you could walk across to a partial representation of the stockade’s fortifications, complete with two wagon wheels. This space was also graveled to distinguish it from the rest of the green-lawn park.digital photographeureka, diorama, 1993, jack ford, brenda ford, eureka monument, memorial

Specific historical and contextual information pertaining to this object is unknown. There are no hallmarks or documentation to indicate provenance or historical significance. This coin purse appears to have a covering made of mother of pearl. Evidence of interest from over 20,000 years ago mark Aboriginal groups in Australia as some of the first people to value the power and beauty of pearlshell, while evidence of Australian pearlshell being taken across the sea to other countries dates back as early as the 1500s. The 1850s-60s saw the beginnings of the Australian pearling industry. Following the popularisation of plastic for items such as buttons the pearlshell market waned in the mid-twentieth century but was soon after began to re-forge in Australia with a new industry of cultured pearl farms. Most of Australian's pearling industry was initially located in Western Australia and off the Torres Strait Islands. The Australian War Memorial notes on their website that many tokens made from mother of pearl were sent home to loved ones throughout World Wars One and Two from the Middle East, England, the South West Pacific, Australia and elsewhere, but that unfortunately provenance such as the manufacture and sale of many of these items is not recorded.The social history objects held in the Burke Museum's collection help to tell the stories of Beechworth's past by showing the social, cultural, and economic aspects of the town's history.A small rectangular purse with silver edging and half clasp, covered in white and cream coloured shell (mother of pearl?)A01154burke museum, social history, accessories, mother of pearl, nacre, australian industry

A pocket watch is a watch that is made to be carried in a pocket, as opposed to a wristwatch, which is strapped to the wrist.. They were the most common type of watch from their development in the 16th century until wristwatches became popular after World War I The first stem-wind and stem-set pocket watches were sold during the Great Exhibition in London in 1851 and the first owners of these new kinds of watches were Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Stem-wind, stem-set movements are the most common type of watch-movement found in both vintage and modern pocket watches.In 1857 the American Watch Company in Waltham, Massachusetts introduced the Waltham Model 57, the first to use interchangeable parts which cut the cost of manufacture and repair. Most Model 57 pocket watches were in a coin silver. Watch manufacture was becoming streamlined; the Japy family of Schaffhausen, Switzerland, led the way in this, and soon afterwards the newborn American watch industry developed much new machinery, so that by 1865 the American Watch Company (afterwards known as Waltham) could turn out more than 50,000 reliable watches each year.This silver plated pocket watch with an open glass face has black roman numerals on a white dial , gold hour hands and a blue second hand. The winding stem is at 12 o’clock and has a metal ring for attachment to a chain. Back: of case ; a shield inside 2 circleswatches, brighton, cheltenham, moorabbin, bentleigh, early settlers, pioneers

Scales such as the subject item were used in a domestic situation. Salter has been a name long associated with weights and measures especially in the home kitchen. The firm began life in the late 1760s in the village of Bilston, England when Richard Salter, a spring maker, began making the first spring scales in Britain. He called these scales "pocket steelyards", though they work on a different principle from steelyard balances. By 1825 his nephew George had taken over the company, which became known as George Salter & Co. George later established a manufacturing site in the town of West Bromwich, about 4 miles (7 km) from Bilston. West Bromwich Albion football club was formed from workers at this works site. From here the company produced a wide variety of scales including the UK's first bathroom scales. Other items were added to the range, including irons, mincers, potato chippers, coin-operated machines and the first typewriters made in the UK. The business thrived throughout the 1900s, and by 1950 it employed over 2000 people, still in the same area and owned by the same family.Salter is a British housewares brand developing products that span a wide range of core product categories, including scales, electrical, cookware. It is a market leader in kitchen and bathroom scales and one of the UK’s oldest consumer brands.  Established in 1760, Salter has been developing precision products for over 260 years. It was acquired by Manchester-based consumer goods giant Ultimate Products in 2021 after they had previously licensed the brand for cookware and kitchen electrical since 2011."Scale Salter's Spring Balance brass cylinder with ring at one end and a hook at the otherSalter trademark stamped on front. Made in England stamped on back. Weighs 0 to 4LBS showing ¼lb increments.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, salter balance scale, weight measuring scale, weighing dry goods, domestic object, kitchen scale

Ribbons are: War medals 1939-45. Australian Service Medal. Belonged to Lt. Col. E.P. Seymour. One of the CO's of 38 Bn.1. Jacket - woollen, black. Lt Col Rank Badges, gold, on epaulettes. Rising Sun badges on collars. Aust Commonwealth Military Forces. Four pockets. Four gold centre buttons. Top two pockets held shut with a gold button. 2. Trousers, woollen, black with red vertical stripe on sides. Pockets - 1 coin, 2 hip, 1 rear. Fly held shut four black buttons. 3. Shirt (ex) white short sleeved. 1 button missing. E... its cotton pocket. 4. Belt, Woollen black. Brass buckle. Two mini straps on inside of belt. 5. Tie, black, cotton. 6. Ribbon bar WW2 (2 medals). 7. Hat peaked black. Formal wear. Gold braid on brim. Red band and red piping. Rising Sun Badge. Aust Comm Military Forces.On trousers, written on two pockets is name: Seymour. Hat has a ticket inside. Lt. Col. E.P. Seymour.post ww2, passchendaele barracks trust, e.p. seymour

The platypus is a semi-aquatic, egg-laying mammal endemic to eastern Australia. It is the sole living representative of its family and genus. They can grow up to 63cm in length and weigh up to 3kg, and their life span is typically 6-15 years. The unique mix of physical features of the platypus make it an important subject in the study of evolutionary biology, and a recognisable and iconic symbol of Australia. Furthermore, the platypus is culturally significant to several Aboriginal peoples of Australia. The animal has also appeared as a mascot at national events and features on the reverse of the Australian twenty-cent coin, and is the animal emblem of the state of New South Wales. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum and the National Museum of Victoria, as well as individuals such amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century. This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.A long, stocky platypus with a streamlined body and a flat bill. The platypus has four short limbs with webbed feet, and the front-right foot is positioned upright. The hair is short and dense; the upperbody fur has an auburn tint, and the underbody fur is a silver/cream colour. The platypus has two beady black glass eyes.On tag: BMM / 5899 /taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, platypus, monotreme, mammal, ornithorhynchus anatinus

Originally Wellers Hotel, it was constructed by Edward Weller in 1872. Following his death in 1883 it was taken over by his widow, Mary Weller. The hotel was delicensed in 1909 and converted to a private residence. Around 1920 William Pitman bought the property, succeeded by his son Vernon who coined the term Pittman's Corner. Vernon and Isabel Pitman owned the house form 1945-1973. Following Vernon's death, Isabel remained there till her death in 1983. The property was converted to a restaurant in 1984 by owners Robert and Kath Hendry who undertook extensive renovations in 1988. Shawn and Stephanie Wolfe purchased the property from the Hendrys in 2003 and introduced live entertainment with many famous bands and entertainers from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s performing there, including James Reyne, Daryl Barithwaite, Brian Cadd and Billy Thorpe. In 2014 the Wolfe's sold the property and the entire contents were sold at auction. New (local ) owners Gregory Anderson, Craig Jones and Steve Gist refurbished the property and relaunched it as Fondata 1872 in 2017. Covered under Heritage Overlay, Nillumbik Planning Scheme. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p87This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, eltham-yarra glen road, fondata 1872, kangaroo ground, wellers restaurant, billy thorpe, brian cadd, craig jones, daryl barithwaite, edward weller, gregory anderson, hotels, james reyne, kath hendry, mary weller, restaurants, robert hendry, shawn wolfe, stephanie wolfe, steve gist

The origins of the rising sun badge are disputed. Rising sun designs had appeared on early Australian colonial coins and military insignia decades before the federation of the Australian colonies in 1901, and may have represented the image of Australia as 'a young nation' and a 'new Britannia'.[2] As early as the 1820s, the symbol of a 'rising sun' was used by various progressive organisations, loosely characterised under the banner "Advance Australia". The rising sun crest used in the New South Wales colonial and State crests was taken from the crest used on the first Advance Australia Arms, circa 1821, and consistently since then.[3] The oldest known example is the 'Advance Australia' coat of arms. The 'Advance Australia Arms' (named because of the motto inscription) became widely used in New South Wales and the neighbouring colonies by private corporations and individuals. Although they never had any official status, they formed the basis for several official coats of arms, including the New South Wales coat of arms. The representation below was reputedly painted for Thomas Silk, the son of the captain of the Prince of Orange, a convict ship that visited Sydney in 1821. The symbol struck a chord with the pre-federation population and many examples still exist on colonial architecture.[4] Proudly worn by soldiers of the 1st and 2nd Australian Imperial Force in both World Wars, the 'Rising Sun' badge has become an integral part of the digger tradition. The distinctive shape of the badge, worn on the upturned side of a slouch hat, is commonly identified with the spirit of Anzac.Glass covered Rectangular Picture Frame showing the Evolution of the Rising Sun Badge of the Australian Army.Gives a brief rundown on the Evolution of Rising Sun Badge with 12 examples and explanatory notes

1968 Blazer - Mexico Olympics. Maroon single breasted collarless wool blazer. Fastened with three 2 cm metal buttons with wheel spoke pattern. Three internal front pockets with slit openings. LHS breast pocket has pink and black cloth badge (9cm X 9cm) stitched below pocket opening. Badge has embroidered symbols of an arm above three waves. Straight sleeves with 7 cm slit at wrist fastened with 1.5 cm metal buttons with wheel spoke pattern. Blazer has two 23cm side vents on the back. Half belt (fabric) 5cm X 38 cm across the back above side splits. Padded shoulders. Two internal pockets in the front lining. Blazer partially lined with mauve satin with small random check pattern. Sleeves fully lined. Enamel badge on RHS neckline (2.1 cm X 2.1 cm) - Olympic Rings, Gold coin, ''MEXICO'', green , white and red colour strips.costume, male, maroon blazer.

Scales such as the subject item were used to measure commercial quantities, possibly grains and farm produce for quite large amounts of product. Bags of grain etc would have been hooked up and weighed. Salter has been a name long associated with weights and measures. The firm began life in the late 1760s in the village of Bilston, England when Richard Salter, a spring maker, began making the first spring scales in Britain. He called these scales "pocket steelyards", though they work on a different principle from steelyard balances. By 1825 his nephew George had taken over the company, which became known as George Salter & Co. George later established a manufacturing site in the town of West Bromwich, about 4 miles (7 km) from Bilston. West Bromwich Albion football club was formed from workers at this works site. From here the company produced a wide variety of scales including the UK's first bathroom scales. Other items were added to the range, including irons, mincers, potato chippers, coin-operated machines and the first typewriters made in the UK. The business thrived throughout the 1900s, and by 1950 it employed over 2000 people, still in the same area and owned by the same family.Salter is a British housewares brand developing products that span a wide range of core product categories, including scales, electrical, cookware. It is a market leader in kitchen and bathroom scales and one of the UK’s oldest consumer brands.  Established in 1760, Salter has been developing precision products for over 260 years. It was acquired by Manchester-based consumer goods giant Ultimate Products in 2021 after they had previously licensed the brand for cookware and kitchen electrical since 2011.Balance scale Salters Spring Balance consisting of a circular, bronze face engraved with measurements in pounds, with an iron hand, weighing mechanism and hanging loop. Engraved on the face: "Class III Salter's Spring Balance Silvester's Patent To Weigh 300lbs".flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, salter balance scale, weight measuring scale, weighing dry goods

Scales such as the subject item were used to measure commercial quantities, possibly grains and farm produce for quite large amounts of product. Bags of grain etc would have been hooked up and weighed. Salter has been a name long associated with weights and measures. The firm began life in the late 1760s in the village of Bilston, England when Richard Salter, a spring maker, began making the first spring scales in Britain. He called these scales "pocket steelyards", though they work on a different principle from steelyard balances. By 1825 his nephew George had taken over the company, which became known as George Salter & Co. George later established a manufacturing site in the town of West Bromwich, about 4 miles (7 km) from Bilston. West Bromwich Albion football club was formed from workers at this works site. From here the company produced a wide variety of scales including the UK's first bathroom scales. Other items were added to the range, including irons, mincers, potato chippers, coin-operated machines and the first typewriters made in the UK. The business thrived throughout the 1900s, and by 1950 it employed over 2000 people, still in the same area and owned by the same family.Salter is a British housewares brand developing products that span a wide range of core product categories, including scales, electrical, cookware. It is a market leader in kitchen and bathroom scales and one of the UK’s oldest consumer brands.  Established in 1760, Salter has been developing precision products for over 260 years. It was acquired by Manchester-based consumer goods giant Ultimate Products in 2021 after they had previously licensed the brand for cookware and kitchen electrical since 2011.Scale, Salter's improved spring balance, warranted. Brass and iron. Weighs 0 to 60LBS. Long rectangular brass instrument with ring attached to top and hook attached below. Centre of rectangle has long vertical slot with short, horizontal bar that slides down the slot when an object is suspended from the hook, showing its weight on the numbered scale beside the slot.Marked ""SALTER'S IMPROVED SPRING BALANCE"" and "WARRANTED". Weighs 0 to 60LBS. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, salter balance scale, weight measuring scale, weighing dry goods, domestic object, kitchen scale

Crimson and black cloth bound book of 350 pages. Formerly part of the South Street Young Men's General Debating Society's Circulating Library.non-fictionmoney, south street, south street debating society, south street young men's general debating society circulating library, bookplate, j.s. charles, john p. charles, library, barter, currency, metals as money, coining, coins, standards, exchange, promissory notes, paper currency, credit documents, foreign bills of exchange, bank of england, corn rents, legal tender

The etymology of the word portmanteau: A portmanteau was a travelling bag used as a mailbag. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, both newspapers and letters were transported in these leather mailbags that opened into two sections. A portmanteau is a word created by the blending of two other words in terms of the sounds and meaning. Portmanteau itself is a portmanteau; made up of the French ‘porter’ meaning ‘to carry’ and ‘manteau’ meaning ‘cloak’. The other meaning of this word is ‘a travelling case or bag' but was coined by Lewis Carroll with its new meaning in 1882. History: English merchant Thomas Witherings established mail routes throughout Europe in the 1620s. He drew up a proposal in 1635 for an English mail system based in London in which portmanteaux (containing 2 leather bags lined with cotton) could travel to European towns with sealed bags of mail for protection against spies. The system was put into motion and some 26,000 letters were mailed safely and unopened between London and European towns each week. In the nineteenth century, the official portmanteau was used to carry the mail, letters and newspapers on Americas New England stagecoaches that travelled the postal routes. Before 1789 newspapers were mostly excluded from the mail and the official portmanteau. After the first United States Congress (1789–1791) the postmaster general allowed printers free postage to communicate reports and articles of Congressional informational newspapers with other publishers in other towns and cities for distribution. Example of a mid-20th-century leather bag not connected to a person of significance from history or a historic event. The significance lies in the historic social aspect of this type of bag and how it got its name. This type of bag was popular from the mid 19th century for personal use and fell out of favour in until the 1950s and the origin and meaning of the word used to describe this type of leather bag "portmanteau". Portmanteau leather bag, with brass oval badge, tan interior with compartment separator. Inscribed "Allchin Bros Makers Ballarat". flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, portmanteau, allchin bros

The etymology of the word portmanteau: A portmanteau was a travelling bag used as a mailbag. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, both newspapers and letters were transported in these leather mailbags that opened into two sections. A portmanteau is a word created by the blending of two other words in terms of the sounds and meaning. Portmanteau itself is a portmanteau; made up of the French ‘porter’ meaning ‘to carry’ and ‘manteau’ meaning ‘cloak’. The other meaning of this word is ‘a travelling case or bag' but was coined by Lewis Carroll with its new meaning in 1882. History: English merchant Thomas Witherings established mail routes throughout Europe in the 1620 s. He drew up a proposal in 1635 for an English mail system based in London in which portmanteau (containing 2 leather bags lined with cotton) could travel to European towns with sealed bags of mail for protection against spies. The system was put into motion and some 26,000 letters were mailed safely and unopened between London and European towns each week. In the nineteenth century, the official portmanteau was used to carry the mail, letters and newspapers on Americas New England stagecoaches that travelled the postal routes. Before 1789 newspapers were mostly excluded from the mail and the official portmanteau. After the first United States Congress (1789–1791) the postmaster general allowed printers free postage to communicate reports and articles of Congressional informational newspapers with other publishers in other towns and cities for distribution. Example of a mid-20th-century leather bag not connected to a person of significance from history or a historic event. The significance lies in the historic social aspect of this type of bag and how it got its name. This type of bag was popular from the mid 19th century for personal use and fell out of Portmanteau soft leather bag with lock, leather handles (one broken) and with metal plate on front.No inscription flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

Scales such as the subject item were used to measure commercial quantities, possibly grains and farm produce for quite large amounts of product, also in a domestic situation. Bags of grain or other dry goods would have been hooked up and weighed. Salter has been a name long associated with weights and measures. The firm began life in the late 1760s in the village of Bilston, England when Richard Salter, a spring maker, began making the first spring scales in Britain. He called these scales "pocket steelyards", though they work on a different principle from steelyard balances. By 1825 his nephew George had taken over the company, which became known as George Salter & Co. George later established a manufacturing site in the town of West Bromwich, about 4 miles (7 km) from Bilston. West Bromwich Albion football club was formed from workers at this works site. From here the company produced a wide variety of scales including the UK's first bathroom scales. Other items were added to the range, including irons, mincers, potato chippers, coin-operated machines and the first typewriters made in the UK. The business thrived throughout the 1900s, and by 1950 it employed over 2000 people, still in the same area and owned by the same family.Salter is a British housewares brand developing products that span a wide range of core product categories, including scales, electrical, cookware. It is a market leader in kitchen and bathroom scales and one of the UK’s oldest consumer brands.  Established in 1760, Salter has been developing precision products for over 260 years. It was acquired by Manchester-based consumer goods giant Ultimate Products in 2021 after they had previously licensed the brand for cookware and kitchen electrical since 2011.Scale, Salter's improved spring balance, warranted. Brass and iron. Weighs 0 to 25LBS. Long rectangular brass instrument with ring attached to top and hook attached below. Centre of rectangle has long vertical slot with short, horizontal bar that slides down the slot when an object is suspended from the hook, showing its weight on the numbered scale beside the slot.Marked ""SALTER'S IMPROVED SPRING BALANCE" "Number 2". Weighs 0 to 25LBS. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, salter balance scale, weight measuring scale, weighing dry goods, domestic object, kitchen scale, measure, weigh, measure ingredients, food preparation

The object is a cast iron plaque.The Melbourne branch of the Royal Mint was established in 1965 after negotiations between Victoria and the British Exchequer. The original site contained 9,763 square meters and included a large area at the rear of the building. On this area, November 16th, 1869, the erection commenced of a single storey building forming three sides of a courtyard and containing workshops, laboratories and coining hall. The Guard Houses and this existing building, which completed the courtyard and housed administrative offices, deputy master's quarters and bullion room followed. All these buildings were designed by J. J. Clark, architect with the Public Works Department. The official opening took place on June 6th, 1872, when the first gold sovereigns were minted. IN 1970 the Public Works Department commenced the restoration and adaptation of this building and the Guard Houses for their present purposes. historic building, former royal mint

Hardcovered book, half leather bound with marbled paper. Formerly book number 4040 from the Ballaarat East Public Library. Contents include: new pit-saw, self-moving carriage (car), Lord Worcestor's steam engine, extinction of fires, Cameron's Soda Water Apparatus, Newton's Lectures on Astronomy, coining at the Royal Mint, mechanical geometry, lifting ships by steam, voltaic-mechanic agent, steam navigation, portable hand-mill, Brown's pneumatic engine, Bell's invention for saving lives from shipwreck, triple pump, cycloidal chuck, potato-washer, sand clock, Galvanic electricity, perpetual motion, Hadley's Quadrent, Wollaston's Night-Bolt, rope bridges, boring machinery, locomotive steam-engines, new London Bridge, naval architecture, steam and water wheel, Spencer's Patent Forge, boat with wings, ivory profile portraits, Jenning's Gas burner, Ramage's Telescope, washing machine, tallow lamp, iron masts, self regulating pendulum, prismatic compass, simple blowpipe. Includes image of Henry Brougham, and many drawings of inventions.non-fictioncar, newton, fire, shipwreck, bell, naval architecture, locomotive, ballaarat east public library, ballarat east public library, ballarat east library, henry brougham, potassium, meridian lines, pit saw, self moving carriage, lord worcestor, steam engine, cameron s, soda water, astronomy, royal mint, mechanical geometry, lifting ships by steam, voltaic mechanic agent, steam navigation, hand mill, brown s pneumatic engine, triple pump, cycloidal chuck, potato washer, sand clock, galvanic electricity, perpetual motion, hadley s quadrent, wollaston s night bolt, rope bridges, boring machinery, steam engines, new london bridge, steam and water wheel, spencer s patent forge, boat with wings, ivory profile portraits, jenning s gas burner, ramage s telescope, washing machine, tallow lamp, iron masts, self regulating pendulum, prismatic compass, simple blowpipe, bookplate

A tankard is a form of drinkware consisting of a large, roughly cylindrical, drinking cup with a single handle. Tankards are usually made of silver or pewter but can be made of other materials, for example, wood, ceramic or leather. A tankard may have a hinged lid, and tankards featuring glass bottoms are also fairly common. Tankards are shaped and used similarly to German beer steins. The word "tankard" originally meant any wooden vessel derived from the 13th century and later came to mean a drinking vessel. The earliest tankards were made of wooden staves, similar to a barrel, and did not have lids. A 2000-year-old wooden tankard of approximately four-pint capacity has been unearthed in Wales. Metal tankards often come with a glass bottom and the legend is that the glass-bottomed tankard was developed as a way of refusing the King's shilling, i.e. conscription into the British army or navy. The drinker could see the coin in the bottom of the glass and refuse the drink, thereby avoiding conscription. However, this is likely to be a myth, since the Navy could press by force, known as press-ganging, rendering deception unnecessary. In a bar fight, the first punch was thrown while the recipient had the tankard raised to his mouth; another legend has it that the glass bottom was implemented to see the attack coming. A further story is that the glass bottom merely allowed the drinker to judge the clarity of their drink while forgoing the expense of a fragile pint glass. It is unclear if all or any of these legends have any substance. The Tankard is associated with the shipwreck of the Loch Ard which is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register (S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefacts from Loch Ard and this tankard is one item from the largest accumulation of artefacts from this notable Victorian shipwreck. The tankard was found on the wreck and it gives us a snapshot into Victorian maritime history. Allowing us to interpret the story of this tragic event. This drinking vessel is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. The tankards significance is unfortunately its association with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history. (See note section this document for history of the Loch Ard wreck)Pewter tankard; rolled lip, flared base, large handle. Surface has marine encrustations. Inscription on attached label. Recovered from the shipwreck as the Loch Ard. "LA 33 255"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, pewter tankard, tankard, drinking vessel

In 1868, with the laying of the foundation stone, a time capsule was placed containing four newspapers of the day (Saturday 25 January, 1868 - The Age, The Argus, The Sun and The Telegraph: St Kilda, Prahran and South Yarra Guardian), the first Annual report of the Victorian Asylum and School for the Blind (1867), 11 coins from the Victorian regency and an illustration of the proposed building at St Kilda Road. An undated note also describes a piece of parchment in the time capsule, which contained a list of names of committee members and relevant people involved in the construction of the building, such as Crouch & Wilson; however no image of this has been located. In 1991, this time capsule was opened as part of 125 year celebrations and the contents were put on display. The capsule was the size of a house brick and buried underneath the foundation stone. It was made of metal and had to be sawn open to reveal the contents. These images are of the items found inside the time capsule. Additionally there are low res images of these items plus some photographs taken on the day: Brian Howe, Minister for Health, holds the time capsule whilst Trent Willard and Janice Johns, current RVIB students, stand by during the raising ceremony; Miss Molly Miller, the oldest surviving student, and Mr Percy Raufer, great grand nephew of Mary-Ann Raufer who was pupil number 6 and enrolled in the school in January 29th, 1866 look at the items found in the time capsule. In 2005 a new time capsule was buried, including an electronic copy of the 1867 report and drawing of St Kilda Road from the 1868 time capsule.Photographs and scans of items found inside the time capsuleroyal victorian institute for the blind, brian howe, trent willard, janice johns, molly miller, percy raufer, time capsule

A coin that was issued by a Melbourne Marine store. Description by the Museums Victoria website. "Copper Halfpenny Token, minted by Heaton & Sons of Birmingham, circa 1861. Issued by Robert Hyde & Co, Marine Store, Melbourne. Hyde's Marine Store was listed in a Melbourne directory for the first time in 1862. Between 1863 and 1865 he was listed as being in a partnership with Richard Hodgson (Hyde, Hodgson & Co.). In 1868 his Marine Store became a Rag Merchant's business, before becoming a Marine Store for 1869 and 1870. The firm's principal business was dealing in second hand and scrap goods. Physical Description A round copper token (28 mm diameter) giving the name address and business of the issuer: Robert Hyde & Co. Melbourne. General Marine Store. On the reverse a coat of arms consisting of a central shield below a Rising Sun supported by an emu at left and kangaroo at right all resting on a ribbon with the motto ADVANCE AUSTRALIA. The shield is quartered and contains: upper left - a golden fleece; upper right - a three-masted sailing ship; lower left - a bull standing facing left; lower right an anchor. Around above, PEACE & PLENTY; below, the date of issue, 1861."bendigo, gold mining, qc binks, qc binks, robert hyde, marine store.

This medicine glass was previously owned by Sybilla Margaret Kucks (1904-1978), daughter of Henry and Julia Kucks, and granddaughter of William and Sibilia Kucks. Sibilla was born in Warrnambool and lived there until 1917 when she moved to Armadale, Victoria, with her family. The medicine glass was among her effects left to her nephew William when she passed away and has been looked after by his wife Eva and treasured as a memento of their Warrnambool heritage. Mrs Sibilla Kucks sold sweets and fancy cakes in her Liebig Street shop from 1873 until the 1880s. She operated one of Warrnambool’s earliest dedicated confectionery shops at a time when sweets were more commonly found in a fruiterer’s shop. Her window display would have been full of brightly coloured sweets in shiny glass jars tempting passers-by. Sibilla (née Leyendecker) married Johann Wilhelm Kucks in New York, USA in 1856. Both were originally from Prussia. They sailed to Australia on the Ocean Rover and arrived in Melbourne June 10th, 1858. Seventeen days later their second child, William Jnr., was born. Warrnambool’s population was around 2,000 in 1859 when Sibilla and Johann (known as “William”) settled here. William was employed as a tailor by Cramond & Dickson. In 1859 the couple bought George Fergusson’s bakery in Timor Street and opened it as “W. Kucks Baker”. Along with fancy breads and biscuits, he advertised baked dinners to order. William supplied bread to the Warrnambool Hospital until the 1880s. In 1873 William built a row of four shops at 140-146 Liebig Street, one of which became Sibilla’s confectionery shop, and another was the new home to W. Kucks Baker. In 1877 William constructed a building in Liebig Street for the Warrnambool Steam Packet Company, which has since been incorporated into the Warrnambool Art Gallery. Its western wall shows to older construction and design. William and Sibilla had five other children. By 1896 their sons William Jnr. and Henry operated the business as “Messrs Kucks Bros., Bakers & Confectioners”. They employed six staff and used three carts for deliveries over a thirty-mile radius. They catered for clubs and functions including the Exhibitors’ Picnic Luncheon for the Warrnambool Industrial and Arts Exhibition (1896-7). In 1907 Messrs Kucks Bros. baked a monster Pyramid Cake for a local bazaar. It contained coins of various sizes and weighed 84lbs (38kg). Everyone buying a slice hoped to be lucky enough to end up with a coin! William Kucks Jnr. also became licensee of Terang’s ”Wheatsheaf Hotel”, its name and logo connecting it to the family’s bakery in Warrnambool. William (1825-1911) and Sibilla (1833-1910) Kucks and three of their seven children are buried at the Warrnambool Cemetery in a family grave. John Sambell migrated from England and established his chemist and dentist business in Warrnambool around 1890 in his premises in Fairy Street. The business later included his son Herbert. The maker, Whitall Tatum & Co, is clearly marked on the base of the bottle. The company was a a well known maker of prescription bottles. He used the brand "W. T. & Co. from Mid-1870's until the late 1880's, moulded into his glassware. This medicine glass is significant as one of very few remaining items from the history of John Sambell, chemist and dentist, Warrnambool. It is also significant as an example of medical equipment that has a design still used today. It is also significant for its association with William and Sibilla Kucks, a colonial family in Warrnambool that was greatly involved in the community and commerce of early days in Warrnambool.Medicine glass, (measuring glass or dose cup), clear glass, round. The antique chemist measuring glass is wide at the top and tapers to a narrow base. The glass has side seams and an uneven base. The glass has imperfections ans bubbles. The base is uneven. The measuring scale lines have been scored into the glass and the measurements and other inscriptions have been moulded into the glass. Glass is from J. Sambell, chemist and dentist in Warrnambool. On the back there is a measuring scale in tablespoons and teaspoons. There is also an inscription of the maker on the base. The glass was made in the late 1880's by Whitall Tatum & Co., America.Embossed within a round border "J. SAMBELL / CHEMIST / AND / DENTIST / WARRNAMBOOL" The scale on the back has "TABLE" "1" and "2", and "TEA" "8", "4", "2" and "1" The base has "W.T. & CO." around the edge.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, medicine glass, measuring glass, dose cup, medicine dispensing, medicine measurement, sambell pharmacy warrnambool, sambell chemist and dentist, warrnambool chemist, history of warrnambool, early 20th century chemist, john sambell, medical equipment, warrnambool medical services, kucks family in warrnambool, william and sibilla kucks descendant, mrs kucks' confectionery, william kucks baker, warrnambool dentist, herbert sambell, whitall tatum & co, w. t. & co., warrnambool steam packet, warrnambool art gallery

This metal travelling trunk belonged to David and Alice Ellis, a young couple married in Dublin in 1855. They left for Australia on the Schomberg clipper ship on October 6 that same year, joining the other passengers for the luxury sailing ship’s first voyage, bound for Melbourne, Australia. The Schomberg was grounded on a sand spit near Peterborough. All passengers and crew were safely rescued. They had been allowed to take something small with them when leaving the sinking vessel, and as such, Alice took a small can basket and coin purse. The metal trunk was also amongst the couple’s possessions, along with a pair of candlesticks and a Bible. Their trunk was later retrieved from the ship’s deck by the crew of a steamer sent from Melbourne. At that time, David was 23 years old (born in Wales, in 1832) and Alice was 26 (born in Ireland, 1829). The couple lived in Tasmania for a short period before settling in the Western Districts of Victoria. David worked as a gardener and, when land in the area was available to purchase, David and Alice claimed a selection on Noorat Road near Terang. They settled there for the remainder of their lives, expanding the property that they named, ‘Allambah’, and had six children. David died in 1911, aged 79, and Alice passed away the following year, aged 83. B, B & B. Brand: - The company was renowned for its strongly constructed and high-quality travel goods. In 1906 the company was sold and renamed Buffalo Trunk Manufacturing Co. Interestingly, the trunk maker’s promise on its printed label is certainly fulfilled: - "B B BRAND. These Goods are manufactured of the best steel sheets, and are guaranteed to give every satisfaction, and will last for years."David and Alice Ellis’s donated possessions have great significance as a group of personal belongings saved from the sinking luxury clipper ship, the Schomberg, in 1855. The strong, well-crafted metal trunk is an example of high-quality travel luggage owned by newlyweds on their journey to a new life across the world. The well-made trunk is a rare shape. It joins Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Schomberg shipwreck, which is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S612). The ship has historical significance as a rare example of a large, fast clipper ship on the England to Australia run, built to carry emigrants at the time of the Victorian gold rush. The ship’s design included the technical advances needed to break sailing records between Europe and Australia. The relationship of the objects in Flagstaff Hill’s Schomberg collection allows has potential interpretation of the story of the Schomberg. The collection of objects is archaeologically significant as the remains of an international passenger ship, as it represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping history, in addition to its association with the shipwreck and the ship.Traveller's metal trunk; small brown woodgrain patterned trunk with dark red features and brass lock. This well-made strong and sturdy piece of secure hand luggage has rounded corners and sides, with the ends of the lid slightly bulbous. The lid is reinforced inside across the centre. The lid and sides have dark red metal D-shaped handles that fold down. The two hinges on the lid have their fittings inside the trunk which is hinged across the back. Two dark red painted latches secure the front along with a brass rod and lockable latch in the centre front. The metal is shaped with a group of corrugated ribs on each side of the centre, around the trunk. A white printed and lacquered label is inside the lid and has additional handwritten text. The truck was the luggage of David and Alice Ellis on the sailing ship SCHOMBERG in 1855. Printed on the label: "B B BRAND./ These Goods are manufactured of the best / steel sheets, and are guaranteed to give every / satisfaction, and will last for years." Handwritten on the label: "8/3- 7/-" (possibly meaning Eight shillings and three pence, Seven shillings)flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, schomberg, sailing ship, 1855, david and alice ellis, schomberg passengers, b b brand, american made, traveller's trunk, hand luggage, metal trunk, schomberg ship, 1855 shipwreck, peterborough shipwreck, ss queen, david ellis, alice ellis, allambah terang, dublin emigrants, terang presbyterian church, western district victoria, antique trunk, vintage trunk, travel goods, travelling trunk, steel trunk, tin trunk, schomberg trunk, newlyweds, b b & b, boyd boyd & boyd, pittsburgh, rare shape, luggage, vintage luggage, victorian era, travel trunk, three locks, steamer trunk

Red hard cloth covered book of 115 pages. INcludes contentsnon-fictionAustralia is included in the index as follows. Australiasian Gold Production Silver production Australia Antimony Gold Lead production Manganese opals mining, statistics, technology, trades, metal industry, minerals, united states, canada, china, france, germany, italy, japan, russia, south america, spain, sweden, united kingdom, ireland, coins, cuba, blast furnaces, gold, lead production, manganese, opals, silver, +

Salvation Army Donation Tin. Two photographs possible the front and back of one tin. Inscriptions reflect the role of the Salvation Army and their work during this period.Black & white photographs of Donation tin enlarged. Front of tin what is readable "The Salvation Army Society RESCUE AND PRISON GATE WORK broken hearts and blighted hopes slaves of Sin and Degradation. Blood and Fire. The Salvation Army. THE TOTAL number of Homes is now over Six--- Providing Daily Accommodation for 3,000 Persons AND COSTING over --1,200 PER WEEK for MAINTENANCE PLEASE HELP by placing a COIN in the box" On the back of the tin "THE ARMY PROVIDES work for the workless. Love for the Loveless. Cleanliness for the Unclean. Friendship for the Friendless. Food for the Hungry. Help for the Helpless. Beds for the Bedless. Hope for the Hopeless. Our Agencies Comprise the Following. Homes for Discharged Prisoners. Rescue Work for fallen Women. Industrial Homes for Boys. Industrial Homes for Girls. Maternity Bags. Women Shelters, Nursing Homes, Labour Tards. Samaritan Relief Work. Food Depots. Mens Shelters. Industrial Hospital Visitations. Gaol Visitation. Enquiries for Lost F" In Pencil written on the back "Larger than actual Size"stawell religion