The string has long been a household and office utility, but an easily tangled one. generations of manufactures have devised cast-iron string holders and string reels in an attempt to distribute this material more efficiently. Many different designs of cast-iron string holders exist some nickel, others painted many had an open pattern so clerks behind the counter of the general store could see at a glance if he or she was about to run out of string. In the 20th century, string holders became more decorative, morphing into novelty items for the home. History: Starting from 1869, the young carpenter by trade, Melvin Newton Lovell (1844-1895) from Erie, Pennsylvania, later a manufacturer and successful businessman, was granted numerous patents for various devices, between them several patents for adding machines and cash registers in 1891. The Lovell Manufacturing Company was founded by Melvin Newton Lovell who was born in Allegheny, Venango county, Pennsylvania, on 31 August 1844, to Darius T. Lovell (1815-1855) and Susan B. (Conover) Lovell (1827-1883). When Melvin Lovell was a boy, the family moved to Kerrtown, a village located in the vicinity of Titusville, Pennsylvania. There Melvin served an apprenticeship as a carpenter's and his natural mechanical talent, soon enabled him to become a skilled workman. In 1861, at seventeen years of age, Melvin left home, without parental authority, and joined the Union Army soon after the outbreak of the Civil war, in August 1862, he enlisted as a private in the 127th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, and was discharged the end of May 1863. In 1865 he took up residence in Erie, where he worked as a carpenter for some years. In 1869 Melvin Lovell invented and patented several useful articles for household use, and in that year he began the manufacturing certain of these inventions, in partnership with Franklin Farrar Adams, another inventor. The company's principal products were washing machines and step-ladders but also made many other cast iron household items known as the “Anchor Brand” when manufacturing began in earnest in 1881. As a result, the Lovell Manufacturing Company grew to be one of the largest industrial concerns of its kind in the country, recognized as being the most extensive manufacturer of clothes-wringers in the entire world. Lovell established sales agencies for his products in all parts of the country, and these branches were known as the Lovell stores. These goods were sold on the instalment plan, an innervation at the time for which Lovell was credited as the originator. Lovell invented and patented the famous wringer which bears his name, and in later years he confined his operations largely to the manufacture and improvement of this invention. Lovell was also one of the organisers and stockholders of the Combination Roll & Rubber Manufacturing Co, of New York, which was formed to manufacture his patents. With headquarters in New York and a factory at Bloomfield, New Jersey. Unfortunately, during a trip to Atlanta, while representing the state of Pennsylvania at a trade exposition, he passed away in his prime, on 21 November 1895, and was buried in Erie Cemetery, Erie, PA. Today the Lovell Manufacturing Company and foundry is preserved and situated at Lovell Place 1301 French Street Erie Pennsylvania, the site is regarded as a historic complex and national historic district. It includes nine contributing buildings built between 1883 and 1946 and has now been converted to luxury apartments.An item used in shops, offices etc to dispense string although the item was commonly found in many areas of general commerce. It was made by a factory and patented in the USA by Melvin Lovell who had invented the first adding machine and the original mangle or wringer washing machine used in every house throughout the world from 1891 and the forerunner to our modern day washing machines. Its age and connection to this once notable maker and his company and it's age makes it an interesting item from a historical view point.Dispenser,cast iron for string with a central rod & 2 curved handing hooks. Marked Anchor Brand & blue in colour.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, melvin newton lovell, string dispenser, string, packaging, anchor brand

COLLECTION OF BUSINESS ACCOUNT FORMS (UNUSED)a. Thomas Brown, Steam Chaff-Cutting Works, Campbells Forest; b. Chas T Gemmill, Cash Grocer, Sailors Gully; c. Stewart, Scott & Co., Millers & Grain Merchants, Bendigo; d. W P Gilbert, Cash Draper, Eaglehawk; e. w p Gilbert; f. J H Webster, Butcher, Eaglehawk; g. H M Sampson, Bootmaker and Importer, Neangar Boot Store; h. Bendigo & Eaglehawk Master Butchers' Association, Eaglehawk; I B Costa, Fruiterer & Confectioner, Italian Café,Eaglehawk; j. Hospital Sunday Committee, Eaglehawk; k. W E Brown, Brick & Tile Manufacturer, View Point Timber Yard, Eaglehawk; l. J Shadbolt, Wholesale and Family Butcher, Sydney Fllat; m. S J Millar, Bread Manufacturer, California Hill; n. A. Betts, Bricklayer and Contractor, California Gully; o. S J Williams, Copperplate Cleaner etc. California Gully.organization, business, bendigo businesses

Account page from W. J. Lenten, Shamrock Tobacco Store, Wholesale and Retail Tobacco Merchant. Date line ends 193-. Printing in the name has shadow and pale grey background. On the left of Tobacco Merchant is a lit pipe on a pipe stand. Printed in black and grey with red cash lines.business, printers, cambridge press, cambridge press collection, w j lenten, sdhamrock tobacco store

Oliver Gilpin (1874-1942), chain store proprietor, was born on 8 July 1874 at Seven Creeks near Euroa, Victoria, fourth child and second son of William Gilpin, farmer, and his wife Dinah, née Barton, both from Tyrone, Ireland. He was educated at local state schools and became a draper's assistant at Euroa. A testimonial as 'an energetic, pushing salesman, a careful stock-keeper … honest and industrious' gained him city experience with Ball & Welch Ltd, drapers, in their Carlton store. He used an inheritance to open a drapery store at Korumburra, south Gippsland, in 1895, moving to Rutherglen in the upper Murray valley in 1899. Frustrated by irregular stock deliveries, he moved to Fitzroy, Melbourne, in 1902, seeking a warehouse and the benefits of combined supplies for effective development of country trading. By 1905 he was producing many stock items at Northcote and had established retail outlets at Bendigo and Warracknabeal. Branches at Echuca, Numurkah and Yarrawonga followed in 1906, with ten more in 1907. He moved his city establishment to East Malvern in 1911, and had opened forty shops by 1920 and seventy-four by 1928. All were managed by women, on a strictly cash basis. Drapery remained the main line, supplemented by ironmongery, crockery, school requisites and toys. Gilpin saw the Depression years as a challenge. Between 1928 and 1931 he established eighteen new branches, including two in Tasmania, at Devonport and Ulverstone. The chain included South Australian branches at Mount Gambier, Millicent and Renmark, twenty-five stores in southern and western New South Wales, and ten in suburban Melbourne. Gilpin's Chain Store News was issued monthly. In 1944 Foy & Gibson acquired a controlling interest in Gilpin's business and in 1951 the chain was bought by G. J. Coles & Co. Ltd for £1,250,000. Three wooden blocks used to display hats. 9042.1 Slightly head shaped on top 9042.2 Light timber, flat on top, a wedge at back. 9042.3 Dark timber, flat on top.hat blocks, millinery, haberdashery, gilpin, korumburra

Document: 2 brown sheets of cardboard held together with string - Contents; notes and receipts regarding Financial Statements (1940's & 1950's), includes receipt for insurance, petty cash, advertising, lease rent, survey, various items purchased for mining, wages, electricity, battery supervision, rent store room, rent water race, caretaking, markings read: Central Napoleon G.M. Co N.Lia.organization, business, industrial - mining, mccoll rankin & stanistreet, mining, gold mining, central napoleon

The people in the photograph are L to R Nellie Schlue (Married Fred Walker) Alice Hawking (later Alice Ready) Peter McCullock, Stan Nott, Fred Walker, Mabel Knowles (later Mabel Jasper), John KnowlesBlack and white photograph of a shop-front, with employees posing in front.Shop name in photo: "J Knowles Cash Grocer" Name of building in photo "Grahams Buildings AD 1897" On five sticky labels on back of photos: "John Knowles Store, circ 1908" "L to R - Nellie Schlue (Later married Fred Walker)" "Alice Hawking, Peter McCullock, Stan Nott" "Fred Walker, Mable Knowles (Jasper) (child)" "John Knowles"nellie schlue, nellie walker, alice hawking, alice ready, stan nott, fred walker, mabel knowles, mabel jasper, john knowles, knowles grocery store, grahams buildings, peter mccullock

Black and white photograph of the front of a store with a number of people standing in front of it.Sign above veranda: "J. Knowles Cash Grocer." Sign on the top front of the building: "Graham's Buildings | A.D. | 1897"john knowles, knowles grocery store, j knowles cash grocer, grahams buildings, shops, main street rutherglen

Cash Grocer. Tea Merchant. Produce Merchant. Plate 358 & 359 Chuck Photo.a. smith, wills street, building, person, commerical, shop

Black and white photograph of MMTB X2 675 at the Point Ormond terminus, late 1950's or early 1960's. Tram has destination of "Elsternwick Rly Stn". Driver/Conductor standing in doorway with cash bag. Pan in the trolley wire to assist drivers to locate the wire at night can be seen in the photograph. On Ilford paper. See Page 30 of Destination City, 5th Edition, advises that X2 675 withdrawn and stored in July 1961.Stamped on rear "Photo by C. Jeffrey Quote ....." in purple ink - words in triangular form.trams, tramways, point ormond, x2 class, mmtb, elsternwick, tram 675

Yields information about the track maintenance activities of the track gang in Ballarat, the work they did, notes, names and other information.1958 Woods' Australian Diary, No. 21, 3 days on a page, John Andrew and Co. red Rexene binding, card covers, sewn sections with ruled sheets providing a diary for 1958. Has "useful information" sheets at from the diary, including a ruler along the side of the sheet. Used by the SEC Ballarat track gang to record their daily work, leave, welding, track cleaning, truck driver etc Rear pages - has notes on materials used and a list of Track gang for 1958. (December Cash Account) E. A. Goldsmith W. H. Goldsmith E. J. Davis G. McQuinn H. Hoy A. W. Cunningham N. McVitty C. Edwards E. Lakey H. Lancaster S. Chibnall H. Smith Loose contents 21/7/1958 - SEC Safety Officers Newsletter, Feb. 1958 - inside has notes and sketches where joints welded and the dates. Inside rear cover - Daily time sheet - with the addresses of the track gang on the rear. - list of materials - rails by type and sleepers on hand - Reg Item 3705 - Rules Governing Depot Employees with notes and sketches where joints welded and the dates on the rear. (Item to be stored in a separate envelope - note was folded in half and stored in the rear section)tram, trams, sec, ballarat, depot, trackwork, rails

Frederick Douglas Jones solicitor's Cash Book No 5 (8 Sept 1919 to 31 June 1926). Formal Ledger with dark green shot silk cover over stick card with red bound spine. Book used to page 87 of 93 F D Jones solicitor's Cash Book No 5. Includes loose solicitor's notes / receipts/ debentures / postal order & correspondence (separated and separately stored in pockets). Frederick Douglas Jones CollectionHandwritten entriesf d jones, solicitor's records

Used by Conductor's or one many operators to dispense tram tickets from, receive cash (notes and coins) and provide change. Also had space for their ticket journal and trip journals.Demonstrates the method in which conductors stored tickets and fares. Leather bag with outside pocket (for ticket wallet) with metal strips on openable section, fitted with steel catch, and adjustable shoulder strap. Has been fitted with a steel divider inside. Sewn heavy brown leather. White and brown cotton thread used. Four steel studs attached to the bottom to allow bag to be freestanding. btm, ballarat tramway museum, ballarat tramways, conductors, conductors bag, fares, cash bag, tickets

Matthew's Bros. Busy Red Emporium, Hargreaves Street, Bendigo Coupon Book. Booklet includes eight pages with pink, blue and yellow store one shilling cash coupons. Coupons given for cash purchasesBooklet provided to Mrs. Pearce, Lockwood South on 27/11/56. Ornge cover with black printing.matthews bros., coupon book

Lamson was established in Australia in 1898 with the idea for a store security money handling system being patented in the latter part of the 19th century.The practise of taking money from the counter and customer to the cashier was time consuming and cumbersome.Some bright ideas were employed including tying the money and dockets in a hankerchief and throwing it to the cashier. The first attempt to improve this was the ball system where a ball containing the cash was rolled to the cashier on an elevated track. The rapid wire system superseded this in the early 1900's and for the next 50 years it became a popular part of money handling in stores around Australia. This particular Lamson's cash carrier was installed in Youngers department store which was situated in Liebig Street. The success of Youngers store was partly responsible for the shift to Liebig St as the main commercial district. The Warrnambool Standard reported in 1901 that Younger and Co would operate on a wholly cash basis replacing incidental trades of goods such as potatoes and other farm produce.This item has strong social and historical significance. Apart from having strong links to one of Warrnambool's largest and longest running businesses, the object itself is of considerable interest with thousands of the original ball systems and Rapid Wire cash carriers being in use around the world. Cylindrical brass top with central circular part with section either side which have two small pulleys. A wooden cylindrical section slots in below with a wire clip attached at the bottom.Lamson is cast into the brass on either side of therim of the top circular section. . AUS is on the side of this same section. warrnambool,, youngers, youngers warrnambool, lamson, lamson rapid wire cash carrier, wire cash carrier

This wooden cash ball came from the retail business of Cramond and Dickson. It was part of the mechanism for sending money and change to and from the customer to a shop assistant dealing with the finances. The ball ran along sloping rails in the shop. John Cramond and James Dickson, both from Scotland, established a general store in Warrnambool in 1855 in Timor Street. The business was later transferred to the corner of Liebig and Timor Streets and became a well-known landmark in Warrnambool, closing in 1973. This item is significant as it came from one of the most important businesses in Warrnambool’s retail history – that of Cramond and Dickson. It also is an important example of retail store practice in the late 19th century and early 20th century. This is a cylindrical wooden ball which separates into two parts to allow the insertion of money in the middle. There is a round metal disc which is housed in the centre of the wooden ball.It has a circle marked on the outer surface of both semi circles of the ball. It is brown in colour. On both halves of the ball on the outside – ‘D 4’cramond and dickson, warrnambool, money ball

Bacchus Marsh Dairymen's Co-operative Association factory began in 1910. The Co-op, as it was known locally, also had a store in Main Street. This butcher's shop was opened in 1923 and was located at 160 Main Street. The Co-op purchased milk from local farmers and trucked the milk direct to a factory in Melbourne. Due to financial difficulties, the Co-op ceased trading in the early 1980s. Records show that this site was in continuous use as a butcher's and allied industries from 1856 to 2011. The original building underwent several changes and additions until it was sold in 1922 to the Dairymen's Co-operative, who erected a new brick building in 1923. This building housed the Hospital Opportunity Shop from 2011 until 2016 when it was taken over by Natural Health and is still in use by this business.Black and white photographic print mounted on grey cardboard with decorative borders. Photo shows staff standing in front of the shop with two store signs. Along the top the verandah a sign reads: CHOICEST MEAT SUPPLIED. The lower sign along the top of the shop frontage reads: DAIRYMEN'S CO-OPERA. This sign is incomplete, indicating that the butcher's shop was part of the Dairymen's Co-operative Association store. At the front of the store six members of the staff stand in a line. There are five men, all wearing the traditional blue and white striped butcher's apron and one woman who is probably the cashier. At the top of the cantilever verandah, two rolls of canvas awning are tied up, ready to be let down on a hot day. On the left of the photo a portion of the brick Baptist Church can be seen. The store frontage continues to the right. The reflection of the store on the opposite side of the street can be seen in the window. The store frontage is finished with tiles along the bottom of the display window and an inset of leaded glass along the top of the window. On the footpath there is a scattering of sawdust, once used traditionally in butcher shops to soak up blood from the meat. The end of a 1920's vehicle has been captured as it passes in front of the store. On the back: On a printed label: OPENING OF BACCHUS MARSH DAIRYMAN'S CO-OPERATIVE BUTCHERS SHOP. 1923 L. to R. Norm Farrow, Sheila Muir, Bill Bence, Norm Mathews, Jim Cash and Ern Coe, (Manager). shops bacchus marsh vic., bacchus marsh dairymen's co-operative association, butcher's shops, main street bacchus marsh vic.

10954.1a Hartley's sporting goods store, Mitchell Street, Bendigo. One page flyer of a range of sporting and miscellaneous items suggested for Christmas shopping. 10954.1b Flyer offering a bicycle to one successful shopper, based on no competition, no rules, person will be selected by Hartley's. 10954.1c Receipt for Mr. H Cornell of Elmore for one cycle cap, paid cash, 10/6, 4/05/1939. Hartleys Bendigo (J L Shoosmith). Yellow with black and green print.hartleys, sports goods, bicycles

J. Mann and Sons was first established as a farm produce store in 1921. The range of products was extended in the 1930s and included groceries and hardware, as well as the first petrol bowser in Wodonga outside the store. After WWII, the premises were extended and the range of products continued to increase. In the 1960s the Mann Family opened a new supermarket in Wodonga, in addition to the hardware business, providing steel, plumbing and industrial supplies, and they employed over 100 people at one stage. With changes in the retail industry, the Mann Family sold the main hardware business to Bunnings and the steel and rural produce business to the Kelly brothers in 2006. Bell Punch A/sia Ltd was a subsidiary of The Bell Punch Company, itself a part of (Cash) Control Systems. The Bell Punch Company was a British company manufacturing a variety of business machines, including several generations of public transport ticket machines and the world's first desktop electronic calculator The company was founded on 5 July 1878. By 1961 it employed a workforce of 2000 people. The circular mark on the back of the machine was adopted in the 1950s.On Back of machine: Supplied by BELL PUNCH LTD. A/SIA BPC CASH CONTOL SYSTEMS 160 CASTLEREAGH ST. SYDNEY, MA9337 427 LITTLE COLLINS ST. MELBOURNE. CENT. 2038 AGENTS AND SERVICE IN ALL STATES ADDING MACHINES TICKET REGISTERS CHANGE MACHINES TICKET PRINTERS GUM TAPE SEALING MACHINES, ETC.j. mann & sons, vintage adding machines, bell punch australasia

The ledger is part of the 'Mann' collection and was used for accounting records in the J. Mann & Sons General Store in Wodonga from July 1930 to January 1932. It is one of three bound ledgers from the J. Mann & Sons General Store and the other two date from 1932-1933 and 1933-1934. J. Mann and Sons was first established as a farm produce store in 1921. The range of products was extended in the 1930s and included groceries and hardware, as well as the first petrol bowser in Wodonga outside the store. After WWII, the premises were extended and the range of products continued to increase. In the 1960s the Mann Family opened a new supermarket in Wodonga, in addition to the hardware business, providing steel, plumbing and industrial supplies, and they employed over 100 people at one stage. With changes in the retail industry, the Mann Family sold the main hardware business to Bunnings and the steel and rural produce business to the Kelly brothers in 2006. The ledger has local significance due to its use in the J. Mann & Sons General Store in High St, Wodonga and the association with the prominent Mann family in Wodonga.Bound ledger with a deteriorated light brown leather and green textile cover over thick cardboard. Red leather band on the spine with "CASH BOOK" written in gold letters and a decorative gold border at the top and bottom edges. Lined paper in the interior with columns for accounting in 1930-1932.Paper label attached to the inside of the front cover: "ANDREW JACK, DYSON & Co. / PTY. LTD. /WHOLESALE STATIONERS / 23452 / FOR REPEAT ORDER QUOTE ABOVE No. / 594-610 LONSDALE ST. / MELBOURNE" mann, j. mann, wodonga, high st, accounting, ledger, cash book, commerce, business, general store, j. mann & sons

The National cash register was used in the J. Mann & Sons General Store in High St., Wodonga, Victoria, and is part of the 'Mann' collection in the Wodonga Historical Society. J. Mann and Sons was first established as a farm produce store in 1921. The range of products was extended in the 1930s and included groceries and hardware, as well as the first petrol bowser in Wodonga outside the store. After WWII, the premises were extended and the range of products continued to increase. In the 1960s the Mann Family opened a new supermarket in Wodonga, in addition to the hardware business, providing steel, plumbing and industrial supplies, and they employed over 100 people at one stage. With changes in the retail industry, the Mann Family sold the main hardware business to Bunnings and the steel and rural produce business to the Kelly brothers in 2006. The National cash register has local significance due to its use in the J. Mann & Sons General Store in High St, Wodonga and the association with the Mann family. National cash register used in the J. Mann & Sons General Store in High St., Wodonga, Victoria. It has a metal exterior with faux wood grain and there is a grey electrical cable attached to the proper left side."National" "U 5044298 / CL6136 16R&S10" on a small rectangular metal plate on the front of the cash register.cash register, national cash register, mann, high street wodonga, local business, commerce, general stores, j. mann & sons