This microscope belonged to James William Manifold Aitkin (1835-1905) who was born in Tasmania and came to Warrnambool in 1852. He was a shopkeeper, produce merchant and flour miller who came to live at the property of Carracoorte, Grasmere in the late 1880s. He was a member of the Warrnambool Municipal Council from 1861 to 1868 and was Chairman of the Borough in 1863 when Warrnambool was declared a town and an early Mayor. The microscope was an improved model of a design by Benjamin Martin, an 18th century instrument maker considered one of the greatest designers and manufacturer of microscopes of his time. This microscope is of great significance because: 1. It is a beautiful object with high antiquarian and scientific interest 2. It has strong local significance as it belonged to James William Manifold Aitkin, a prominent Warrnambool and district businessman and farmer 3. It has social significance as it demonstrates the interest in natural history by the more affluent and educated men of the time. This microscope is in a polished wooden box with a metal lock (no key). The microscope is an English Martin Improved drum microscope (c. 1850) and made of brass. Inside the box there are two divisions, one to house the microscope. The other has a drawer containing six slide samples made of ivory or bone and five glass slides (with the listed material missing) and five other small items. On top of the drawer is a section for the microscope attachments contained in ten small inserts. The ten attachments are made of brass. There are also six items not in any particular inserts. There are two small slots for the pincers and slides etc. The only writings are the names and information on the slidesjames aitkin, microscope, benjamin martin, benjamin martin microscope, warrnambool

Donated by Sir Henry Newland.The samovar stands 41cm high, and is 39cm wide across the handles. It is made of Sheffield plate, and dates from the late 18th century. It is supported on a square base with four cast lion’s feet attached by elaborate mounts at the corners. The main vessel or tank is circular, and set on a short columnar stand. These elements are heavily fluted. There are two elaborately decorated solid cast silver handles attached to the sides of the tank. A long spout with a cast ivory handled tap extends from the bottom of the tank. The lid is plainer, with a fluted and scalloped edge, and is capped with a finial. Inside the tank is a cylindrical immersion container for hot coals, a primitive type of heating element. There is a crest, probably that of the original owner, engraved on the shoulder of the tank above the tap. A samovar is a Russian tea urn but the College’s samovar is not a tea urn, as it does not include the stand or the teapot. Undoubtedly it was intended to provide hot water for tea, and the absence of a matching teapot indicates a cultural difference between the English and the Russians, in the way in which they went about brewing tea. It is a showpiece, intended for use and display in the reception rooms of the house. In the 18th century tea was still a rare and exotic import from the Orient, so the serving of tea was an important act of hospitality and a statement of social status.Sir Henry Newland was the College President 1929-1935Antique sheffield plated samovar with shell design and pressed rib border, finely worked casted handles, spout with swivel top, with tapered centre column, square shaped base with cast lions feet

Lacock was on the main London to Bristol road until the road was re-routed through Chippenham. There are no obvious signs of the 21st century in this National Trust village, except the motor car. It has been run by the National Trust since 1944 and residents are on a lease. The oldest house in the village is King John's Hunting Lodge, parts of which date back to the 13th century. In this village there are buildings from every century since right up until the 18th century. The abbey was founded in 1229 by Ela, Countess of Salisbury. Lacock village and abbey were used as the set in the Harry Potter films.Dorothy Wickham and Peta Knott, formerly of Museums Australia (Vic) currently working as a marine archaeologist in England. Taken at Lacock National Trust Village, United Kingdomdorothy wickham, peta knott, lacock national trust village

Sets of scales similar to these were very common in households throughout Australia in the 19th and 20th centuries. Avery of Birmingham were a British manufacturer of weighing machines. The company was founded in the early 18th century and took the name W & T Avery in 1818. The company produced a wide range of scales ranging from industrial scales and weighbriges to small scales for domestic use, such as these scales. At the time of the death of the last Avery family member in 1918, it employed over 3,000 people and had businesses all over the world. Today it has evolved to become part of the conglomerate, Avery Weigh-Tronix.Domestic scales such as these were common throughout Australian homes. They are now primarily superceded by plastic items, often electronic.Metal balance table scales and a set of imperial weightsOn weights "AVERY/ B'HAM"weights and measures australia, domestic scales

Used as a bed warmer, or foot warmer. A stoneware hot water bottle, generally a round shape with an opening at the top and a round knob on one end which presumably functions as a holder. The stopper is missing. The main part of the body is cream, with the knob end brown.hot-water-bottle ceramic

This Dollond Day or Nigh telescope was designed to be used in any light conditions, as its name implies. Telescopes are optical instruments designed to make objects appear to be larger or closer. The discovery of the first telescope in 1608 can be attributed to Hans Lippershey of the Netherlands when he discovers that holding two lenses up some distance apart bring objects closer. He applies for a patent on his invention and this becomes the first documented creation of a telescope. Then in 1668, Newton produces the first successful reflecting telescope using a two-inch diameter concave spherical mirror. This opened the door to magnifying objects millions of times far beyond what could ever be obtained with a lens. It wasn’t until 1729 that Chester Moor Hall develops an achromatic lens (two pieces of glass with different indices of light refraction combined produce a lens that can focus colours to almost an exact point resulting in much sharper images but still with some distortion around the edges of the image. Then in 1729 Scottish instrument maker James Short invents the first parabolic and elliptic, distortion-less mirror ideal for reflecting telescopes. We now come to John Dollond who improves upon the achromatic objective lens by placing a concave flint glass lens between two convex crown glass lenses. This had the effect of improving the image considerably. Makers Information: John Dollond (1707-1761) London England he was a maker of optical and astronomical instruments who developed an achromatic (non-colour distorting) refracting telescope and practical heliometer. A telescope that used a divided lens to measure the Sun’s diameter and the angles between celestial bodies. The son of a Huguenot refugees Dollond learned the family trade of silk weaving. He became proficient in optics and astronomy and in 1752 his eldest son, Peter joined his father in an optical business, in 1753 he introduced the heliometer. In the same year, he also took out a patent on his new lenses. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in May 1761 but died suddenly in November and his share in the patent passed to his son Peter. In subsequent squabbles between Peter and the many London opticians who challenged his patent, Peter’s consistent position was that, whatever precedents there may have been to his achromatic lenses, his father had independently reached his practical technique on the basis of his theoretical command of Newtonian optics. As a result of maintaining his fathers patent, Dollond s became the leading manufacturer of optical instruments. For a time in the eighteenth and nineteenth century the word 'Dollond' was almost a generic term for telescope rather like 'Hoover; is to vacuum cleaner. Genuine Dollond telescopes were considered to be amongst the best. Peter Dollond (1731-1820) was the business brain behind the company which he founded in Vine Street, Spitalfields in 1750 and in 1752 moved the business to the Strand London. The Dollonds seem to have made both types of telescopes (reflecting and refracting), possessing the technology to produce significant numbers of lenses free of chromatic aberration for refracting telescopes. A Dollond telescope sailed with Captain Cook in 1769 on his voyage to observe the Transit of Venus. Thomas Jefferson and Admiral Lord Nelson were also customers of the Dollonds. Dollond & Co merged with Aitchison & Co in 1927 to form Dollond & Aitchison, the well-known high street chain of opticians, now fully part of Boots Opticians. They no longer manufacture but are exclusively a retail operation.    John Dollond's experiments in optics and how different combinations of lenses refract light and colour gave a better understanding of the divergent properties of lenses. That went on to inform and pave the way for the improvement of our understanding of optics that is represented today. Dollond was referred to in his time as the "Father of practical optics" as a leader in his field he received many prestigious awards. The telescope in the collection is a good example of one of Dollond's early library telescopes. Its connection with one of England's 18th century pioneers in optical development makes it a significant and an important item to have within the collection.Telescope: Dollond's Telescope, Day or Night model navigational instrument. Telescope is mounted on wooden tripod stand that has folding legs. Brass telescope with leather sheath over barrel, adjustable angle fitting with brass wing nuts that join the legs to the top frame, which is then joined to the telescope pole by an adjustable screw fitting. Manufactured by Dollond, London. Inscription reads "Dollond London, Day or Night" and "DOLLOND LONDON"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, telescope, dollond, dollond london, day & night telescope, floor-standing telescope, optical instrument, john dollond, peter dollond, achromatic telescope, heliometer, light refraction, instrument maker, lens, transit of venus, astronomical telescope, concave lens, library telescope, dollond telescope, day or night, day or night telexcope, scientific instrument, navigation, navigational instrument, astronomy

Believed to be Edward Henty's telescope which was used at the early settlement at Portland and used to observe movements of ships at sea. Believed to have come off the boat "The Thistle"Found, stored in a thermos which was purchased in a box of sundries at a clearing sale at the Henty property.Brass telescope, made in 4 sections plus the eye piece. Eye piece has a slideable cover to protect the lens. Removeable lens.None from manufacture however there are scratched markings inside the eyepiece but are no longer readablehentys, expolration of victoria, telescope, major mitchell

This collar box was purchased at a clearing sale at the Henty property to wind up his estate .Beleived to be Edward Henty's collar box.Wood veneer circular collar box with tin rims on base and lid. Veneer overlapped and glued. Part of a paper label glued on the lower half of the box.16 and 1/2 on the side in ink.

Safety lamp made for underground miners to replace naked flame lightingUsed in underground mining in Ovens or Buckland mining districtsmetal and glass oil powered lamp(partly obscured on glass) BRITISH MFP. ( on brass) 3BB BOSS ( on screw off base) 56 and 10mining, lamp, oil, safety, kerosene, underground

The spinning wheel was owned by Amy Penfold (donor Jan Dawson's mother) who presumably purchased the spinning wheel in the 1930s at an antiques auction. Amy lent the spinning wheel to her friends who spun (as Amy could not spin herself) In Yass, New South Wales during the early years of the Second World War. Amy's friends would spin lightly scoured semi greasy wool worked into yarn and knitted into particularly warm and water-resistant socks for sailors on minesweepers serving during the Second World War. Jan received the wheel in the early 1960s after her mother past away at which time the wheel was no longer operable. When Jan came to live in Melbourne, she sought the assistance of Spinners and Handweavers who assisted her in creating a new bobbin and restored the broken pieces of the wheel back into working order which we find it in today. With the loom are three bobbins. One bobbin is attached to the loom while of the two loose bobbins; one is a reproduction and one is an original. From these two the differences in construction can be observed. Large 12 spokes pinning wheel finished in dark tinted varnish on wood. Ornate upright posts.Additional two bobbins. One original and slightly damaged other is a reproduction and in excellent condition.

ChineseStoneware Brush Washer

ClassicismStoneware bottle/vase

Fine lace used as a costume trimmingNeedle lace edging. Sample

Very fine lace used for costume trimmingBobbin lace edging. Sample

Fine lace used as a costume trimmingNeedle lace edging

Very fine old Mechlin lace used as a costume trimmingBobbin lace edging

Fine old Mechlin lace used as a costume trimmingBobbin lace edging

Very fine old Flemish lace. Use - Fashion trimming or ecclesiasticalBobbin lace Flouncing

Very fine linen thread. Fine lace used for costume trimmingBobbin lace edging. Sample

Very fine Flemish lace possibly from Antwerp. Fine lace used for costume trimmingBobbin lace edging. Sample

Studio photograph from Yeoman & Co. Royal Arcade, Melbourne. Portrait shows Emma Dorey (nee Biggin), grandmother of Iris Woolrich (nee Dorey) and mother to her father Edwin Charles Dorey. Emma is wearing a very intricate lace collar in the photograph. The photograph is framed in thick cardboard.Handwritten on back: Emma Biggin Pitts. Dad's Mother. Granma Dorey.emma dorey, emma biggins, iris dorey, iris woolrich, iris woolrich, edwin dorey

This copy of Alexander Pope’s early 18th century translation of Homer’s Iliad dates from 1818. It has two signatures – Thomas Smith and Mary Riley. Nothing is known of the latter person. There were two people named Thomas Smith who were prominent in the Warrnambool district in the 19th century. One was Thomas Smith the printer and the other was Thomas Smith, a farmer from Wangoom who had a daughter named Mary. It is not clear which of these may have owned the book but the signature suggests an educated person and we know that the son of Thomas Smith the farmer was illiterate so it is unlikely that the father owned a copy of Homer’s Iliad. This book is of interest because of its age (1818) and because of the inscriptions. There may be no connection between Thomas Smith and Mary Riley – merely two owners of the book. The book will have greater interest when its exact provenance can be established. This is a brown leather-bound book of 536 pages. The front cover and spine have gold ornamentation with gold lettering. The spine covering is partly torn away and the binding is coming apart. The pages show some staining. The two inscriptions are handwritten in black ink. The front pages have two black and white illustrations separated with tissue paper. ‘Tho. Smith’ ‘Mary G. Riley, Tillside, 20 George Street, East Melbourne, 24/5/1900’ homer’s iliad, history of warrnambool, thomas smith, mary riley

This miniature cash tin was produced by Fry's Chocolate Company of England as a promotional giveaway and probably held some chocolate samples. It would then have been used in a household for keeping trinkets or other small items. The Fry's Chocolate Company was established in Bristol, England in the mid 18th century by Joseph Fry and in the mid 19th century it produced the first mass-produced chocolate bar (1866 - Chocolate Cream, 1913 Turkish Delight). The company merged with the Cadbury company in 1919 and the Tasmanian Cadbury factory which opened in 1921 was known as Cadbury-Fry-Pascall. Fry's chocolate bars were very popular in Australia. This item is retained as a memento of Fry's Chocolate Company, the products of which featured in Australian life for many decades. This is a rectangular metal tin painted black and light brown. It has a hinged lid and a metal handle held with clips inserted into slits on the top of the lid. There is printing on the lid and a label on the base.Cash Fry's Chocolatechocolate bars, fry's chocolate, miniature cash tin

This bottle contained aspirin made by the firm of Howard and Sons of England. This firm had its origins in the late 18th century and manufactured pharmaceutical products, especially quinine and aspirin. The latter was used as a painkiller for headaches and minor health problems. The distributor of this bottle of aspirin was Len Suggett, a chemist in Warrnambool. James Barnes established a chemists business in Warrnambool in the mid 1920s and Len Suggett was the manager. After the death of Barnes in 1939 Len Suggett bought the business. The business was at the corner of Liebig and Koroit Streets (102 Liebig Street) until about 1950 when it was moved to another site across the road in Liebig Street.This bottle has local provenance as it came from the pharmacy of Len Suggett who was a well-known businessman in Warrnambool for many years and therefore the item has some significance as a memento of that business. This is a small brown glass bottle. It is empty but originally contained aspirin. The main body of the bottle has a label (white with dark blue edging) covering all sides of the bottle. The label is somewhat stained and frayed. The bottle has no stopper or lid. Howard’s English Aspirin L.G. Suggett Chemist Cr Liebig and Koroit Streets Warrnambool Phone 42

Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This book was used in a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits. This item reflects those times.A brown book with ablue spine. It contains pink paper copies of correspondence from M.U.I.O.O.F. (Manchester Unity Independent Order of Oddfellows)on front cover - handwritten in pen "M.U.I.O.O.F Orbost Branch"m.u.i.o.o.f. friendly-society manchester-unity

Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This item was used in a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits. This item reflects those times.An account book for M.U.I.O.O.F. (Manchester Unity Independent Order of Oddfellows ). It has a dark blue fabric cover. It contains hand-written accounts.m.u.i.o.o.f. friendly-society accounts-book

Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This item was used in a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits and reflects those times.A very large cash book with a blue fabric cover , a brown spine and edges.

The clock was the original clock located over the bar in the Orbost Club Hotel. In 1884 J.A. Petterson built the first Orbost Club Hotel with the licence in the name of Thomas Maguire (his stepson). This hotel was the first in the area and cost 1,400 pounds to build (ref. In Times Gone By - Deborah Hall) and was actually built before Orbost was proclaimed a township - April 17 1885 The R A on the pendulum stands for: retard/advance. It is a common pendulum bob, used by many manufacturers, worldwide. Regulator clocks, sometimes referred to as pendulum clocks, were invented in the late 18th century in a quest for greater timekeeping accuracy. They were weight-driven devices. The pendulum on this clock appears to be German made. .The Orbost Club Hotel was the first hotel built in the Orbost district and was an important hub for the township with many whole town meetings held there.A wall clock with Roman numerals inside a dark brown wooden case. It has a brass pendulum and the key is inside the case.R A on the pendulum.wall-clock orbost-club-hotel

An English actress in her younger days, Camille Treherne was active between 1909 and 1913. She played the role of Empress Marie Louise in "Madame Sans-Gêne" as shown in this postcard image. In her later years, Camille Treherne (Mrs Hill) lived as a recluse in a shack in Ingrams Road, Research, Victoria, Australia. Madame Sans-Gêne is a historical comedy-drama by Victorien Sardou and Émile Moreau, concerning incidents in the life of Catherine Hübscher, an outspoken 18th-century laundress who became the Duchess of Danzig. The play is described by its authors as "three acts with a prologue". "Madame Sans-Gêne (play)." Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madame_Sans-Gêne_(play). Accessed 19 Oct. 2023.On reverse: Mrs Hill a recluse living in Ingrams Rd Research She was an actress (shown here) in younger days then lived in a "shack" in Research.actress, camille treherne, madame sans-gêne (play), postcard

The Poultry Cross is a market cross in Salisbury, Wiltshire, marking the site of former markets. It was built in the 14th century and modified in the 18th century. It stands at the junction of Silver Street and Minster Street. The Poultry Cross is the only one remaining of four market crosses that once existed in Salisbury. The presence of a market cross on the Poultry Cross site dates to 1307 and the name to about a century later. The present stone structure was built in the late 15th century. The original flying buttresses were removed in 1711, as can be seen in the painting of 1800 by JMW Turner; the present buttresses date from 1852–4, when the upper parts of the cross were rebuilt to the designs of the architect Owen Browne Carter.Black and white postcard of the architectural feature known Poultry Cross Salisbury, and the street around it. chatham-holmes family collection, poutry cross, salisbury, henry smerdon holmes