Matron Freeman and the MDNS Trained Nurses are wearing long grey coats and white pith helmets, which display a red Maltese cross.The Pith helmets are held on with a white veil. The two Bicycles with nursing bags attached to handlebars show the transport used by MDNS at that time.. Nurses - Back - L-R - O'Sullivan, Deans, Warren, Amess, Pat Lee and Jane with bicycle Front - L-R - Blanche Wilson, Matron Janie Freeman, Peake and Brown. In February 1885, 50 years after Melbourne was founded, it was recognized that nursing care was needed for the sick poor in inner Melbourne. The Melbourne District Nursing Society (MDNS) was founded with one Trained nurse (Nurse), and a second employed six months later. This was the first such service in Australia. They worked in the now CBD, ie from Spencer Street to Spring Street and from Victoria Parade to Flinders Street. From its inception the Society was at the forefront of health care. They provided high quality nursing care; educated their patients in the curing and prevention of disease; teaching the importance of cleanliness and good nutrition, both by verbal instruction and demonstration, even supplying soup and milk when needed. At that time they walked the streets and lane ways amid the slums of inner Melbourne carrying their nursing bag containing lotion ointments, powders, liniment, bandages, dressings, a case of spirits, and the Nurse's own clean apron. They loaned equipment, such as earthenware hot water bottles, splints, urinals, bed pans, bed cradles, feeding mugs, and air-cushions as well as providing clean bed linen and nightdresses as necessary. Trained Midwives began home births in August 1893 taking midwifery bundles and providing clothes for the babe as needed. This was arduous work, particularly in the heat of summer. Permission to use bicycles was given to the Nurses in 1898 and the Society decided to purchase their own in 1903. A business man offered ‘new free wheel’ bicycles at £13 each which included maintenance for one year. Bells and wooden frames were added, at a cost of £5 per frame, so the Nurses could carry extra equipment. Nurses’ bags were strapped to the handlebars. Soup was made for those in need 2-3 times a week and if patients could not arrange to have it collected the soup was delivered by the Nurses on their bicycles. The use of bicycles caused a change in uniform, with white pith helmets, and veils covering them and tied under their chin, now being used. In 1913 a Nurse had her Board and residence, uniforms, bicycles and laundry expensive provided and was paid £50 a year for her first six months. At the end of a year her salary is increased by £5, and later she earned £60 a year. Over the years the Nurses complained their veils became wet in the rain and asked for a change of uniform but this did not occur until 1921. Bicycles continued to be used in inner areas until 1945. From its inception the Society was at the forefront of health care and liaised with Doctors. They provided high quality nursing care to a range of people, often in destitute situations, some lying on rags on the floor as they had no bed, others with just a bed and maybe a thin blanket, a chair and nothing else. Their ages ranged from babes, children, adults to the elderly. The Nurses gave medications as ordered, dressed wounds e.g. to the injured, and surgical cases, and to those with leg ulcers; attended to patients with ‘surgical ailments’ such as ‘hip disease’; gave care to those with acute illnesses such as bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, measles, and scarlet fever, as well as those with chronic illnesses such as consumption (tuberculosis), heart disease, arthritis, cancer, debility, neuritis and paralysis. They educated their patients, and their Carers, in the curing and prevention of disease; teaching the importance of hygiene, cleanliness, ventilation and good nutrition. They taught them, by verbal instruction and demonstration, how to make poultices, to make and apply bandages, apply medical appliances such as splints.Sepia photograph on brown card mount with 'Kirk Studio' on bottom right of the card. The photograph shows Matron Freeman and nine Melbourne District Nursing Society (MDNS) Trained nurses, (Nurses), with bicycles. The back row of six Nurses are standing and the Nurses either end are holding bicycles which have leather oblong nursing bags attached to the handlebars with two straps. The front row are seated. All are wearing the MDNS uniform of long dark coats and white helmets, with white scarves covering them and tied under their chins. A Maltese cross can be seen in the centre of the helmets. Both bicycles have two large wire spoked wheels at either end of the black V shape bicycle frame; a rubber tyre runs around the outside of each wheel. The metal handlebars are a horizontal configuration and are attached with a central column into a black vertical column at the front of the V shape bicycle frame which has 'fork shaped' thin metal pierces running down either side of the wheel attaching the frame to the central hub of the wheel. The rear wheel is attached the same way to a central column at the rear of the frame which runs up to V shape solid seat. At the bottom of the V of the frame a pedal is attached with a rotating arm on either side of the bicycle and on the right side the rotating arm is attached to a sprocket which has a chain running around it back to a smaller sprocket on the hub of the back wheel. The chain has a thin metal guard over it. There are narrow thin metal mud guards running a short distance above the top of each wheel.Photographer's embossed stampmdns, melbourne district nursing society, mdns uniforms, mdns transport, mdns matron, rdns, royal district nursing service, nurse blanche wilson, nurse pat lee, nurse deans, nurse o'sullivan, nurse warren, nurse amess, nurse peak, nurse brown, matron janie freeman

Developed in 1981 onwards.This is a sealed plastic container. Inside is some sort of ration. It is heat sealed both ends. Colour is brown with black printing on one side.In black ink, hardly visible, is "Pork Patty dehydrated". "Accessory pack D - Meal, ready to eat, Individual." Other items hard to read, menu and cooking instructions.us defence force, food pouch

This item is an example of an early 20th century ceramic containerA cylindrical storage container with a fitted flared lid. It has handles (lugs). The lid and top part of the jar are brown and the body is cream coloured. on front - 1

Dispenser, cylindrical container "DENTS" inscribed on side. Has long funnel with small perforations in the top. Black Bakelite material. Contents of powder.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

AMF Operational Ration This ration pack was developed by Sir Stanton Hicks. It contained three meals, each waterproofed (a vital consideration for the tropics), which offered a balanced selection of meat, vegetables, fruit and vitamin supplements. Before the development of this ration pack, Australian soldiers were supplied with quantities of preserved food that were difficult for a man to carry and divide, and which often did not provide a nourishing diet. Sir Cedric Stanton Hicks (1892-1976), university professor and army catering officer, was born on 2 June 1892 at Mosgiel, New Zealand. University of Otago (B.Sc., N.Z., 1914; M.Sc. Hons, 1915; M.B., Ch.B., 1923) 1916-18 Hicks served as a non-commissioned officer in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force and he assisted Professor J. K. H. Inglis in the synthesis and production of Chloramine-T for use against meningitis among the troops. Hicks was appointed government analyst in 1918. On a Fellowship 1923, he travelled to England and studied at Trinity College, Cambridge (Ph.D., 1926) and caried out research in Switzerland, Germany and the United States of America. 1927 he was appointed to the new chair of physiology and pharmacology at Adelaide University, which he was to hold until 1957. During the Depression he studied the dietary patterns of five hundred families receiving relief. 1940 Hicks was appointed temporary captain, Australian Military Forces, and performed part-time duty as catering supervisor. Moved to Melbourne as chief inspector of catering, he began a campaign for applying scientific principles to the feeding of troops. 1943 the Australian Army Catering Corps was formed. Hicks altered the basis of the allowance for military rations from a monetary to a nutrient entitlement, improved the pay and promotion opportunities of cooks, established schools of cooking and catering, devised new methods for preparing food, supported the service's adoption of the Wiles steam-cooker, and designed jungle-patrol, emergency and air-drop rations. His 'Who Called the Cook a Bastard?' (Sydney, 1972) gave an account of his experiences in military catering.Men from most families in the City of Moorabbin area served in the Australian Military Forces during World War 2.A tin container , khaki colour, used for the storage of a food ration item for a soldier serving in the Australian Military Forces World War 11.TURN KEY ← TO OPEN CAN / diagram of key / A.M.F. / OPERATION/ RATION/ 02 / D↑Dworld war 11, australian military forces, sir cedric stanton hicks, army catering corps, soldier rations, food supplys, australian diggers, food preservation

A green plastic container for storage of Anti tank Guided Missile Entac 130-59. Serial No: 73330 Lot No: 3 NA 65trunk, weapons, anti tank guided missile

Accompanying letter from the donor and grandson, Bob Wilson.Made by a German Prisoner of War while imprisoned at Murchison POW Camp, and given to one of his guards, thereby showing the good relationship between prisoners and guards.Six sided brown container with lid made of plaster of paris. Depicting plant life, one small flower appears to be a disguised swastika. Inside lid is engraved a printed Murchison"/1941 TR.murchison pow camp 13., german pow.

Vitamin B supplement in powder formThin round tin container with rusted pull-off lid. Has faded white and grey coloured background with white and black writing.VitaBvitab, tin container, vitamin powder

1. Container for the Victor Sweeper Pattern Polish Mop 2. One Nuns Tobacco Tin 3. Cavendish & Harvey Butterscotch Tinpolish mop, the victor brand

not knownPale blue Glucodin container, one pound capacity. Contained 98% powered medicinal glucose, recommended for a wide range of medicinal conditions.Glucodin, Glucose D GLdomestic items, containers, medicine, pharmacy

Canteen used on WWII. Metal Canteen covered in felt. Khaki in colour with container straps and shoulder strap of webbing material cork stopper.

Owned and used by Mrs. E.J. QuayleCut glass biscuit container with metal lid and handle. Glass has a cross-hatched design with star pattern. Sunburst design on base.biscuit containers, biscuits

Pomoca is Swiss based company established by Louis Dufour, a hotelier in Avants, Switzerland. His son Éric developed the production of non-slip skins, and later adhesive skins, as well as many other mountain accessories in1940s.The glue was used by the donor to glue skins on his cross country skis when skiing on the Bogong High Plains.This item is significant as it was an important product used in the ski industry.A small tube of Pomoca skins glue in a blue container with white behind brand section. The box also features instruction in German and French.COLLE POUR PEAUX POMOCA ANTIDERAPANTES DE SKI Translation - Glue for Pomoca anti slip ski skinsski equipment, ski skins, pomoca products

Three piece set made of bakelite simulating tortoiseshell and comprising powder compact, nail buffer and small container for nail powder polish.

Hot water would have been poured into container and placed in bed before retiringPorcelain cylinder shaped bed warmer with porcelain plugdomestic items, heating

Bread container, type common 1950-60. Purchased on behalf of Society by Barbra GardinerRed painted tin,oblong; red and white check roll-back cover; red plastic handledomestic items, food storage & preservation

The Boyd family think that this came from Robin Boyd's mother's house. Edith Susan Boyd, Robin’s mother, had a wonderful selection of earthenware crockery storage containers in her pantry, a huge walk-in room with open shelves off the kitchen. This scoop was needed to get any content out of these containers.Aluminium scoop (large) with handleThailand" "240 oz" on handle.cookware, gadget, walsh st kitchenware, robin boyd

These handmade beaded food covers were designed to protect sauces or gravy from flies or other pests while containers were on the table. These two examples were made by Mary Burke/Taffe in the 1930s the beads providing a decorative weight to keep the cover from allowing space for pests to enter containers.pests, beads, covers, food, sauce, gravy, mary taffe.

These items were used or were available for sale by chemists in Orbost. Chemists who worked in Orbost included Henry Cottman; James Alfred Dubois Williams; Harry Arthur Murray; Miss P.E .Mason (Phyllis Estelle?); Miss Sybil Monica Buzza; Thomas James Frayer; Australia Shaw; James David Torley; John William Zimmer; Dalkeith William Steele; William Thomas Hollingsworth; E.E. Cohen; R.S. Anderson; Frances John Perry Faith Everard Pardew and Charles Anthony Wurf.The practices of early pharmacists are revealed through these glass bottles. The items have a clear association with Orbost. A Nestle's Milk Chocolate Scorched Almonds box used as a container. 3219.2 is a brown cylindrical container with a red lid and a grey and white label, "ATROPINE SULPHATE". 3219.3 is a small clear glass container with cork stopper and paper labels, in red and black print, "SIGMA POISON HYOSCIN HYDROBORON BP" and stamped in purple "5 GRAINS". 3219.4 is a clear glass cylinder with a cork stopper and a white paper label with "SIGMA POISON 5 GRS PILOCARPIN. HCL " in red and black print. 3219.5 is a small stained plastic cylinder with a red lid. The brown contents have stained the inside. It has a paper label of red print on white, and white print on green, "PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYCLATE BP".3210.6 is a clear gloss narrow plastic container containing powder. It is labelled, "POISON HOMATROPINE HYDROBROMIDE BP".There are six thin glass cylindrical phials with cork stoppers and paper labels, two clear glass stoppers and two glass cylindrical containers with cork stoppers.medicine, chemicals, pharmacy, orbost, phial

Cross section of wharves and steel framed sheds built along the Yarra river between the 1920s and 1960s. The South Melbourne side of the Yarra River is reclaimed swamp land. Without a solid foundation for the construction of the wharves and transit sheds, extended piles were sunk into the mud to support the wharf and shed structures. An example of this design may be found at 5 South Wharf which was built in the 1930s. The transit sheds gave shelter for cargo while waiting to be loaded onto a ship or to be collected by truck after being unloaded from a ship. The transit shed became surplus to requirements with the introduction of containers.Wooden diagram of a transit shed featuring a shed sitting atop mud with some water. It shows the splices sitting in the mud to support the shed. "Steel Frames Transit Shed/ 15 South Wharf/ Model of Typical wharf construction/ of 1940- made for the opening of/ the "new" 15 South wharf shed (1944),/ Note the deep piles and elevated/ rear of the shed to allow for the truck/ trays./ This shed feature disappeared/ from port construction with the/ coming of the container era/ reinforced wharf apron/ 3 ton travelling crane/ reinforced concrete shed floor/ concrete road/ water level/ concrete pile cap/ cradled piles/ timber pile splices/ mud/ mild steel pile splices/ 110 ft pile" "On loan from Port of Melbourne Authority"

In 2018, the use of plastic straws and other single use plastics was found to be detrimental to the environment. While some plastic bags were discontinued, the use of plastic straws has declined.An example of mass-produces single use plastic drinking straws.Unopened packet of 40 coloured plastic drinking straws.Manufacturers name printed on packagingdrinking straws, single use plastics

Photo (and copy) of six men picking up peas on the Breen farm in the 1930s. Five men are wearing hats. They are all wearing waistcoats. On the right of the photo is a square container.

Used in the late 18th or early 19th century.A small steel double curved pointy hooked bag hook with a turned wooden handle on the top. The handle is attached through a hole in the steel and riveted to the the hook. It was used to assist with lifting large bags of wheat, fertiliser and so on in the late 18th or early 19th century. agricultural equipment, farm equipment, bag hooks

Containers used for a vitamin supplement "Aktavite" commonly used in the 1950s in milk drinks or sprinkled on foodTwo tins with lids, text painted brown on dull orangeaktavite, tins