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Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Photograph - Colour, Point Nepean Cemetery, 24/05/2011
Colour photographs of the Potin Nepean Cemetery.point nepean, point nepean cemetery, jennie o'hara, john o'hara, edjar james taylor, frederick hicowe, george walker, edward skelton, harriet skelton, hannah ford, margaret ford, peter purves, elizabeth bowie, robert bowie, edward pike, john fercus, mary jane fercus, charles hugh fercus, ticonderoga, helen mcrae, sarah mcdonald, angus mcdonald, margaret mcdonald, william henry boyle, quarantine station -
Ringwood RSL Sub-Branch
ww1 Memorial Plaques, C. 1923
00320.1 John Keely. There are number of soldiers by this name on the Commonwealth War Graves Register thus unable to confirm personal details. 00320.2 Major Harold Howden Military Cross and Bar died of wound 5/7/1917 aged 27 48th Battalion AIF. 00320.3 Private Harry Metcalfe killed in action 18/6/1916 aged 24 23rd Battalion AIF 3 circular brass plaques mounted on a board for display 00320.1 John Keely later style naming 00320.2 Harold Charles Howden 00320.3 Harry Metcalfe -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Nunawading Councillors 1973, 1973
Black & white photograph taken at the Mayoral Inauguration Ceremony in 1973 for Cr Noel Webster. He is surrounded by 13 other Nunawading councillors. names on back of photograph.edwards mr, williams, walter, brown, john, meagher, ray, onto, terry, baulch, bryan, athan, savvas, albert, willis jim, gawler, david, taylor, frank, webster, noel, sewart, w, willis charles l -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Mitcham State School 2904 class photo, 1/06/2009 12:00:00 AM
Black & white photocopy of Grade 1B at Mitcham State School No 2904.mitcham state school no.2904, stuart clive, rhodes barbara, lawson john, brown ron, newing margaret, brewster don, jones keith, corrin ennis, corrin john, taslor george, newing ron, smith allan, kohlman reg, course russell, treverton ruth, markley albert, jay dennis, gilbert robin, mansel george, donkin john, bell clem, fitzgerald miss, chafer rita, simons joan, wharing margaret, hurd shirley, burton joan, howard fay, charles leila, mansell lorna, ellis margaret, patterson betty, hughes jean, stuart ruth, sims norma. -
Unions Ballarat
English social reformers, 1892
... , charles carlyle, thomas ruskin, john Front cover: blue background ...Influences upon social and industrial reform in England. Persons covered include Sir Thomas More, John Wesley, William Wilberforce, Richard Oastler, Lord Shaftesbury, Robert Owen, Charles Kingsley, Thomas Carlyle and John Ruskin.Relevant to social and industrial history of England.Hardback cloth blue cover; black and gold lettering; number 5 920 added to spine in white ink; 229 pages.Front cover: blue background; black lettering; author's name and title. Inside cover: City of Ballarat Free Library slip glued to inside cover; date due slip on opposite side; library stamp appears on several pages.btlc, ballarat trades and labour council, ballarat trades hall, industrial relations - united kingdom, social history - united kingdom, more, sir thomas, wesley, john, wilberforce, william, oastler, richard, shaftesbury, lord, owen, robert, kingsley, charles, carlyle, thomas, ruskin, john -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Document - Photocopy, First Names Wesleyan Ballarat 1853, 1853
... Rees, Mr Charles Axborough, Mr John Henderson, Mr Alexander... Mr Charles Axborough Mr John Henderson Mr Alexander Ross Mr ...A copy of a white piece of paper with creases photocopiedThis meeting was held at Winters' Flat below Magpie List of subscriptions and donations towards the purchase of a Tent to be erected on the Balaarat [sic] diggings, for the purposes of public worship in connexion with the Wesleyan Methodist Church. Also for the establishment of a Sunday School and of a Day School if found practicable. March 1853 Mr James Jones, Mr Joseph Wearne, Mr Thomas Wearne, Mr McCulchan, Mr Mathews and family, Mr & Mrs Harding, Mr Rees, Mr Charles Axborough, Mr John Henderson, Mr Alexander Ross, Mr Roger Parsons, Mr Baker, Mr Isaac Cooper, Mr Hill & family, Mr & Mrs Douglass, Mr & Mrs Reynolds, Mr Benjamin Sargent, Mr Thompson, Mr Dunstan, Mr Moyle, Mr Fletcher, Mr & Mrs Odie [sic], Mr William Wearne, Mr Brady, Mr Carter, Mr Moulton, Mr James, Mrs Crowfield, Mr Smith, Mr Crombie, Mr John Day, or Davy, Mr Adams, Buninyong, Mr Joseph Wearne, ?, A friendjames jones, mr joseph wearne, mr thomas wearne, mr mcculchan, mr mathews and family, mr & mrs harding, mr rees, mr charles axborough, mr john henderson, mr alexander ross, mr roger parsons, mr baker, mr isaac cooper, mr hill & family, mr & mrs douglass, mr & mrs reynolds, mr benjamin sargent, mr thompson, mr dunstan, mr moyle, mr fletcher, mr william wearne, mr brady, mr carter, mr moulton, mr james, mrs crowfield, mr smith, mr crombie, mr john day, or davy, mr adams, buninyong, oddie, mr and mrs oddie -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Document, Johann August Schwerkolt Family Group Sheet, 01/07/2001
Lineage of Johann August SchwerkoltPage listing of the Schwerkolt family tree.non-fictionLineage of Johann August Schwerkoltschwerkolt johann august, schwerkolt emil august paul, schwerkolt louis, schwerkolt augustus, schwerkolt albert william, schwerkolt louis 2, schwerkolt augusta paulina, schwerkolt john william, schwerkolt richard reinhold, schwerkolt carl benno, schwerkolt bertha maria, schwerkolt johann theodor, schwerkolt mary elizabeth, schwerkolt louis ernest, schwerkolt arthur, schwerkolt charles clarence victor, schwerkolt peggy, schwerkolt wilhelmina ann, schwerkolt charles lionel, schwerkolt rosalie, kruse maria catherine wilhelmina, luby jane, both francesca, sandilands john, tanner william, harris myra victoria naomi, both wilhelmina, goodwin abigail, jackschowsky august emil, jack walter -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, William Sandilands, 1939
Faded sepia photograph of William Charles Sandilands on a motorbike in front of a wooden house with a tank at the right. William was the eighth child of Louisa Amelia Schwerkolt (1890-1966) and John Sandilands (1881-1958)Billy on motorbike outside grandmas place. (Francesca Schwerkolt)sandilands william, schwerkolt louis, schwerkolt francesca (both) -
Old Castlemaine Schoolboys Association Inc.
Honour Board, Yapeen State School
1933 Cyril J. MARTIN 1934 Jas. M. BRADFIELD 1935 Joan WRIGHT 1936 John SELLERS 1937 Lindsay G. BRADFIELD 1938 Stanley BRADFIELD 1939 Dorothy HILLEBRAND 1940 Charles BAKER 1941 Fay WILLIAMS 1942 Ronald L. BRADFIELD 1943 Hilda HUTCHINSON 1944 David GREENWOOD 1945 Joan BAKER 1946 Barbara PEILE 1947 Patricia STEED 1948 Marjorie PEILE 1949 Graham DICKSON 1950 B. J. STUCHBREE 1951 Helen M. DICKSON 1952 Marion RABBAGE 1953 Marlene MEGEE 1954 Margaret T. RABBAGE 1955 David HASSELL 1956 Wayne MEIN 1957 Judith MEIN 1959 Boyd RAY 1961 Gail BARASSI 1963 David HORNER 1964 Brian BAKER 1965 Jeannie HORNER 1967 Jennifer BAKER 1968 Peter SAYER 1969 Douglas SAYER 1970 Kim RAY 1971 Patricia SAYER 1972 Miriam HORNER 1973 Diana SAYER -
Old Castlemaine Schoolboys Association Inc.
Honour Board, Fryerstown Primary School
1926 Don’d BARRETT 1927 Harold ROWE 1928 W. B. MURLEY 1929 N. I. SAUNDERS 1930 Frank L. SMITH 1931 Paul A. JONES 1932 John F. HARDWICK 1933 James O. SYMES 1934 Kenneth JONES 1935 Dulcie E. McDONALD 1936 Eileen ROBERTS 1937 Gwen’h SCHONFELDER 1938 Fay DOLAN 1939 John ALLEN 1940 Edna THOMAS 1941 Bernard WRIGHT 1942 Hazel GUEST 1943 Charles WRIGHT 1944 Dawn KAYE 1945 Robert GUEST 1946 Allan DALTON 1947 Lance MOUNSEY 1949 Philip RODDA 1950 Marjorie HORNER 1952 James CATTLIN 1953 Milton MILLER 1954 Wendy J. HAMBLIN 1955 Isobel NOKES 1956 John CHRYSTAL 1957 Helen HAMBLIN 1958 Jennifer BARRETT 1959 Betty LANCASTER 1960 Kevin HADDOCK 1961 Patricia COLE 1962 William BARRETT 1963 Glenda HADDOCK 1965 Kaye McLEOD 1967 Gaye SAUNDERS -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Document - Database, Bealiba Cemetery
An Excel spreadsheet of Bealiba Cemetery burials with 403 burials listed.bealiba cemetery, albert baruta, domenica baruta, giovanni baruta, hugh bohn, ethel bosor, john cheesman, alice coburn, daryl coburn, maxwell coburn, martha coburn, elizabeth d'agustini, john costa, gianetti, giovanni iseppi, ellen queripel, edward rinaldi, two infant suttons, daisy sutton, charles sutton, frances sutton, stephen sutton -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Book, 'Deaths at Eureka' by Dorothy Wickham, 11/1996
... charles ross john hynes patrick gittens patrick gittings mullins ...Small booklet about those who lost their lives as a result of the Eureka Stockade.eureka stockade, dorothy wickham, eureka deaths, drummer boy, captai littlehales, john egan, martin diamond, henry wise, henry christopher wise, joseph wall, john hall, william emmarman, willian emmerman, henry powell, edward thonen, thomas henfield, charles ross, john hynes, patrick gittens, patrick gittings, mullins, george donoghey, martin diamond, james brown, llewellyn rowlands, edward quin, edward quinn, william quinlan, thaddeus moore, john crow, thomas o'neil, john robertson, edward mcglynn, thomas parker, michael roney, joseph wall, william webb, feliz boyle, robert julien, george clifton -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Black and White, Sartori Family of Yandoit
The Sartori family settled at Yandoit. A black and white photograph of nine members of the Sartori family. They are Standing left to right: Tom Mills Senior, John Mills, Mary (Pollu) Sartori, Jim Sartori, Charles Sartori, Nicol (Nick) Sartori. Sitting left to right: Charles Sartori, Lucy Sartori (married Fred Schroeder), Annie Theresa.sartori, swiss/italian, tom mills, john mills, mary sartori, jim sartori, charles sartori, lucy sartori -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Colour, Mayor of Kew Cr John Hogan Gervasoni, and Gus Gervasoni
Cr John H. Gervasoni's great grandfather was born in Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy, and settled at Yandoit Creek near Daylesford. He served for the Mt Franklin Road Board in the early 1900s.Colour photograph of Mayor of Kew Cr John Hogan Gervasoni, and his father Gus Gervasoni. The photo is taken at the Kew Civic Centre in Charles Street, Kew. john hogan gervasoni, gus gervasoni, mayor, cit of kew, kew civic centre -
Inverloch Historical Society
003637 - Photograph - Portrait of Mr Charles Vietz - C H Vietz - from John Coghlan
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Parliament of Victoria
Photograph of John Pascoe Fawkner, 1857
This photograph of John Pascoe Fawkner was commissioned by artist William Strutt in 1857. In 1907 Strutt gave the photograph to Victoria's London agent, Mr. Lake, to be presented to the Victorian Parliamentary Library. In a letter to Mr. Lake now in the library's archives, Strutt describes how he had planned to make use of the photograph in his artistic practice, and when finished with it, had promised to give the photograph to the Victorian Parliamentary Librarian Charles Ridgway (c.1801-1865). "That time then has come, late it is true, but alas Mr. Ridgeway [sic] is dead, so is Fawkner, but the old patriot will ever live in this portrait".Framed ambrotype portrait photograph of John Pascoe Fawkner seated and wearing a smoking cap. Note from William Strutt adhered verso. The ambrotype is a positive photographic image on a glass plate mounted inside a glazed frame with a gold-coloured inner-frame/preserver (possibly celluloid) and black velvet-covered backing board. Handwritten black ink verso: "John Pasco [sic] Fawkner/ This admirable portrait/ of the Founder of Melbourne is now presented in/ fulfilment of my/ promise (made years/ ago to the late Mr/ Ridgeway) to present it/ to the Parliament House/ Library of Melbourne./ William Strutt./ Wedsmnt [?] Dec' 18.1007."strutt, william, 1825-1915, fawkner, john pascoe, 1792-1869, ridgway, charles c.1801-1865, victorian parliamentary library -
Ballarat and District Irish Association
Image, Isaac Butt, c1864, 1864
An Irish barrister, politician, Member of Parliament (M.P.), and the founder and first leader of a number of Irish nationalist parties and organisations, including the Irish Metropolitan Conservative Society in 1836, the Home Government Association in 1870 and in 1873 the Home Rule League. (Wikipedia) After being called to the bar in 1838, Butt quickly established a name for himself as a brilliant barrister. He was known for his opposition to the Irish nationalist leader Daniel O'Connell's campaign for the repeal of the Act of Union.[4] He also lectured at Trinity College, Dublin, in political economy. His experiences during the Great Famine led him to move from being an Irish unionist and an Orangeman[5] to supporting a federal political system for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland that would give Ireland a greater degree of self-rule. This led to his involvement in Irish nationalist politics and the foundation of the Home Rule League. Butt was instrumental in fostering links between Constitutional and Revolutionary nationalism through his representation of members of the Fenians Society in court. (Wikipedia) He began his career as a Tory politician on Dublin Corporation. He was Member of Parliament for Youghal from 1852 to 1865, and for Limerick from 1871 to 1879 (at the 1852 general election he had also been elected for the English constituency of Harwich, but chose to sit for Youghal). The failed Fenian Rising in 1867 strengthened Butt's belief that a federal system was the only way to break the dreary cycle of inefficient administration punctuated by incompetent uprisings.[6] In 1870 he founded the Irish Home Government Association. This was in no sense a revolutionary organisation. It was designed to mobilise public opinion behind the demand for an Irish parliament, with, as he put it, "full control over our domestic affairs."[6] He believed that Home Rule would promote friendship between Ireland and her neighbour to the east. In November 1873 Butt replaced the Association with a new body, the Home Rule League, which he regarded as a pressure-group, rather than a political party. In the General Election the following year, 59 of its members were elected. However, most of those elected were men of property who were closer to the Liberal cause.[7] In the meantime Charles Stewart Parnell had joined the League, with more radical ideas than most of the incumbent Home Rulers, and was elected to Parliament in a by-election in County Meath in 1875.[8] Butt had failed to win substantial concessions at Westminster on the things that mattered to most Irish people: an amnesty for the Fenians of '67, fixity of tenure for tenant-farmers and Home Rule. Although they worked to get Home Rulers elected, many Fenians along with tenant farmers were dissatisfied with Butt's gentlemanly approach to have bills enacted, although they did not openly attack him, as his defence of the Fenian prisoners in '67 still stood in his favour.[9] However, soon a Belfast Home Ruler, Joseph Gillis Biggar (then a senior member of the IRB), began making extensive use of the ungentlemanly tactic of "obstructionism" to prevent bills being passed by the house. When Parnell entered Parliament he took his cue from John O'Connor Power and Joseph Biggar and allied himself with those Irish members who would support him in his obstructionist campaign. MPs at that time could stand up and talk for as long as they wished on any subject. This caused havoc in Parliament. In one case they talked for 45 hours non-stop, stopping any important bills from being passed. Butt, ageing, and in failing health, could not keep up with this tactic and considered it counter-productive. In July 1877 Butt threatened to resign from the party if obstruction continued, and a gulf developed between himself and Parnell, who was growing steadily in the estimation of both the Fenians and the Home Rulers.[10] The climax came in December 1878, when Parliament was recalled to discuss the war in Afghanistan. Butt considered this discussion too important to the British Empire to be interrupted by obstructionism and publicly warned the Irish members to refrain from this tactic. He was fiercely denounced by the young Nationalist John Dillon, who continued his attacks with considerable support from other Home Rulers at a meeting of the Home Rule League in February 1879. Although he defended himself with dignity, Butt, and all and sundry, knew that his role in the party was at an end.[11] Butt, who had been suffering from bronchitis, had a stroke the following May and died within a week. He was replaced by William Shaw, who in turn was replaced by Charles Stewart Parnell in 1880. (Wikipedia)Image of a man known as Isaac Butt. -
Ballarat and District Irish Association
Image, Land League Committee Meeting, Dublin, 1864
... by paying a fair rent for a limited number of years. Charles Stewart... by paying a fair rent for a limited number of years. Charles Stewart ...The Irish National Land League (Irish: Conradh na Talún) was an Irish political organisation of the late 19th century which sought to help poor tenant farmers. Its primary aim was to abolish landlordism in Ireland and enable tenant farmers to own the land they worked on. The period of the Land League's agitation is known as the Land War. Within decades of the league's foundation, through the efforts of William O'Brien and George Wyndham (a descendant of Lord Edward FitzGerald), the 1902 Land Conference produced the Land (Purchase) Act 1903 which allowed Irish tenant farmers buy out their freeholds with UK government loans over 68 years through the Land Commission (an arrangement that has never been possible in Britain itself). For agricultural labourers, D.D. Sheehan and the Irish Land and Labour Association secured their demands from the Liberal government elected in 1905 to pass the Labourers (Ireland) Act 1906, and the Labourers (Ireland) Act 1911, which paid County Councils to build over 40,000 new rural cottages, each on an acre of land. By 1914, 75% of occupiers were buying out their landlords, mostly under the two Acts. In all, under the pre-UK Land Acts over 316,000 tenants purchased their holdings amounting to 15 million acres (61,000 km2) out of a total of 20 million acres (81,000 km2) in the country. Sometimes the holdings were described as "uneconomic", but the overall sense of social justice was undeniable. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Land_League, accessed 21 January 2014) The Irish National Land League was founded at the Imperial Hotel in Castlebar, the County town of Mayo, on 21 October 1879. At that meeting Charles Stewart Parnell was elected president of the league. Andrew Kettle, Michael Davitt, and Thomas Brennan were appointed as honorary secretaries. This united practically all the different strands of land agitation and tenant rights movements under a single organisation. The two aims of the Land League, as stated in the resolutions adopted in the meeting, were: ...first, to bring out a reduction of rack-rents; second, to facilitate the obtaining of the ownership of the soil by the occupiers. That the object of the League can be best attained by promoting organisation among the tenant-farmers; by defending those who may be threatened with eviction for refusing to pay unjust rents; by facilitating the working of the Bright clauses of the Irish Land Act during the winter; and by obtaining such reforms in the laws relating to land as will enable every tenant to become owner of his holding by paying a fair rent for a limited number of years. Charles Stewart Parnell, John Dillon, Michael Davitt, and others including Cal Lynn then went to America to raise funds for the League with spectacular results. Branches were also set up in Scotland, where the Crofters Party imitated the League and secured a reforming Act in 1886. The government had introduced the first ineffective Land Act in 1870, then the equally inadequate Acts of 1880 and 1881 followed. These established a Land Commission that started to reduce some rents. Parnell together with all of his party lieutenants, including Father Eugene Sheehy known as "the Land League priest", went into a bitter verbal offensive and were imprisoned in October 1881 under the Irish Coercion Act in Kilmainham Jail for "sabotaging the Land Act", from where the No-Rent Manifesto was issued, calling for a national tenant farmer rent strike which was partially followed. Although the League discouraged violence, agrarian crimes increased widely. Typically a rent strike would be followed by evictions by the police, or those tenants paying rent would be subject to a local boycott by League members. Where cases went to court, witnesses would change their stories, resulting in an unworkable legal system. This in turn led on to stronger criminal laws being passed that were described by the League as "Coercion Acts". The bitterness that developed helped Parnell later in his Home Rule campaign. Davitt's views were much more extreme, seeking to nationalise all land, as seen in his famous slogan: "The land of Ireland for the people of Ireland". Parnell aimed to harness the emotive element, but he and his party preferred for tenant farmers to become freeholders on the land they rented, instead of land being vested in "the people".(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Land_League, accessed 21 January 2014)Image of a number of men sitting around a table. They are members of the Land League Committee during a meeting in Dublin.ballarat irish, land league, land league committee, dublin -
Ballarat and District Irish Association
Image, Charles Parnell, c1864, 1864
... by paying a fair rent for a limited number of years. Charles Stewart... by paying a fair rent for a limited number of years. Charles Stewart ...Parnell was an Irish nationalist and statesman who led the fight for Irish Home Rule in the 1880s. Charles Stewart Parnell was born on 27 June 1846 in County Wicklow into a family of Anglo-Irish Protestant landowners. He studied at Cambridge University and was elected to parliament in 1875 as a member of the Home Rule League (later re-named by Parnell the Irish Parliamentary Party). His abilities soon became evident. In 1878, Parnell became an active opponent of the Irish land laws, believing their reform should be the first step on the road to Home Rule. In 1879, Parnell was elected president of the newly founded National Land League and the following year he visited the United States to gain both funds and support for land reform. In the 1880 election, he supported the Liberal leader William Gladstone, but when Gladstone's Land Act of 1881 fell short of expectations, he joined the opposition. By now he had become the accepted leader of the Irish nationalist movement. Parnell now encouraged boycott as a means of influencing landlords and land agents, and as a result he was sent to jail and the Land League was suppressed. From Kilmainham prison he called on Irish peasants to stop paying rent. In March 1882, he negotiated an agreement with Gladstone - the Kilmainham Treaty - in which he urged his followers to avoid violence. But this peaceful policy was severely challenged by the murder in May 1882 of two senior British officials in Phoenix Park in Dublin by members of an Irish terrorist group. Parnell condemned the murders. In 1886, Parnell joined with the Liberals to defeat Lord Salisbury's Conservative government. Gladstone became prime minister and introduced the first Irish Home Rule Bill. Parnell believed it was flawed but said he was prepared to vote for it. The Bill split the Liberal Party and was defeated in the House of Commons. Gladstone's government fell soon afterwards.(http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/parnell_charles.shtml, accessed 21 January 2014) The Irish National Land League (Irish: Conradh na Talún) was an Irish political organisation of the late 19th century which sought to help poor tenant farmers. Its primary aim was to abolish landlordism in Ireland and enable tenant farmers to own the land they worked on. The period of the Land League's agitation is known as the Land War. Within decades of the league's foundation, through the efforts of William O'Brien and George Wyndham (a descendant of Lord Edward FitzGerald), the 1902 Land Conference produced the Land (Purchase) Act 1903 which allowed Irish tenant farmers buy out their freeholds with UK government loans over 68 years through the Land Commission (an arrangement that has never been possible in Britain itself). For agricultural labourers, D.D. Sheehan and the Irish Land and Labour Association secured their demands from the Liberal government elected in 1905 to pass the Labourers (Ireland) Act 1906, and the Labourers (Ireland) Act 1911, which paid County Councils to build over 40,000 new rural cottages, each on an acre of land. By 1914, 75% of occupiers were buying out their landlords, mostly under the two Acts. In all, under the pre-UK Land Acts over 316,000 tenants purchased their holdings amounting to 15 million acres (61,000 km2) out of a total of 20 million acres (81,000 km2) in the country. Sometimes the holdings were described as "uneconomic", but the overall sense of social justice was undeniable. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Land_League, accessed 21 January 2014) The Irish National Land League was founded at the Imperial Hotel in Castlebar, the County town of Mayo, on 21 October 1879. At that meeting Charles Stewart Parnell was elected president of the league. Andrew Kettle, Michael Davitt, and Thomas Brennan were appointed as honorary secretaries. This united practically all the different strands of land agitation and tenant rights movements under a single organisation. The two aims of the Land League, as stated in the resolutions adopted in the meeting, were: ...first, to bring out a reduction of rack-rents; second, to facilitate the obtaining of the ownership of the soil by the occupiers. That the object of the League can be best attained by promoting organisation among the tenant-farmers; by defending those who may be threatened with eviction for refusing to pay unjust rents; by facilitating the working of the Bright clauses of the Irish Land Act during the winter; and by obtaining such reforms in the laws relating to land as will enable every tenant to become owner of his holding by paying a fair rent for a limited number of years. Charles Stewart Parnell, John Dillon, Michael Davitt, and others including Cal Lynn then went to America to raise funds for the League with spectacular results. Branches were also set up in Scotland, where the Crofters Party imitated the League and secured a reforming Act in 1886. The government had introduced the first ineffective Land Act in 1870, then the equally inadequate Acts of 1880 and 1881 followed. These established a Land Commission that started to reduce some rents. Parnell together with all of his party lieutenants, including Father Eugene Sheehy known as "the Land League priest", went into a bitter verbal offensive and were imprisoned in October 1881 under the Irish Coercion Act in Kilmainham Jail for "sabotaging the Land Act", from where the No-Rent Manifesto was issued, calling for a national tenant farmer rent strike which was partially followed. Although the League discouraged violence, agrarian crimes increased widely. Typically a rent strike would be followed by evictions by the police, or those tenants paying rent would be subject to a local boycott by League members. Where cases went to court, witnesses would change their stories, resulting in an unworkable legal system. This in turn led on to stronger criminal laws being passed that were described by the League as "Coercion Acts". The bitterness that developed helped Parnell later in his Home Rule campaign. Davitt's views were much more extreme, seeking to nationalise all land, as seen in his famous slogan: "The land of Ireland for the people of Ireland". Parnell aimed to harness the emotive element, but he and his party preferred for tenant farmers to become freeholders on the land they rented, instead of land being vested in "the people".(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Land_League, accessed 21 January 2014)Image of bearded man known as Charles Stewart Parnellballarat irish, parnell, charles parnell, home rule -
Ballarat and District Irish Association
Image, Rent Day (as it is under coercion) - No Rent, c1864, c1864
Protection of Person and Property Act 1881 The ''Protection of Person and Property Act 1881'' was one of more than 100 Coercion Acts passed by the Parliament of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland between 1801 and 1922, in an attempt to establish law and order in Ireland. The 1881 Act was passed by parliament and introduced by Gladstone. It allowed for persons to be imprisoned without trial. On 13 October 1881, the Act was used to arrest Charles Parnell after his newspaper, the ''United Ireland'', had attacked the Land Act. On Gladstone's return to office in 1880, William Edward Forster was made Chief Secretary for Ireland. He carried the Compensation for Disturbance Bill through the Commons, only to see it thrown out in the Lords. On 24 January 1881, he introduced a new Coercion Bill in the House of Commons, to deal with the growth of the Irish National Land League. Despite a 41-hour long fillibuster in the House by the Irish Parliamentary Party, the bill passed, among its provisions being one enabling the British government in Ireland to arrest without trial persons "reasonably suspected" of crime and conspiracy. However those arrested were often not always suspect, only supportive of the Irish National Land League's movements. Over 100 such acts were passed, some of the more notable of which were "An Act for the more effectual Suppression of Local Disturbances and Dangerous Associations in Ireland", "The Protection of Life and Property in Certain Parts of Ireland Act", and the "Protection of Person and Property Act 1881". An Irish Coercion Bill was proposed by Sir Robert Peel to calm the increasing difficult situation in Ireland as a result of the Great Famine 1844–47. The Bill was blocked and this led, in part, to Peel's retirement as Prime Minister. Later attempts to introduce Irish coercion acts were blocked by the filibustering of Joseph Biggar. As a response to the Plan of Campaign of the mid-1880s the new Chief Secretary for Ireland Arthur Balfour secured a tough Perpetual Crimes Act (1887) (or Coercion Act) aimed at the prevention of boycotting, intimidation, unlawful assembly and the organisation of conspiracies against the payment of agreed rents. The Act resulted in the imprisonment of hundreds of people including over twenty MPs. The so-called ''Crimes Act'' (or "Coercion" Act) was condemned by the Catholic hierarchy since it was to become a permanent part of the law and did not have to be renewed annually by parliament, but the Papacy issued the bull Link: "Saepe Nos" in 1888 which was uncritical of the Acts. Trial by jury was abolished. An influential analysis of the pros and cons of the Act was published in 1888 by W. H. Hurlbert, a Catholic Irish-American author. Many hundreds were imprisoned at times under the Acts, including many prominent politicians and agrarian agitators, Joseph Biggar, Alexander Blane, Michael Davitt, John Dillon, James Gilhooly, Patrick Guiney, Matthew Harris, John Hayden, J. E. Kenny, Andrew Kettle, Denis Kilbride, Pat O'Brien, William O'Brien, James O'Kelly, Charles Stewart Parnell, Douglas Pyne, Willie Redmond, Timothy Sullivan. [http://shelf3d.com/i/Irish%20Coercion%20Act, accessed 13/12/2013]A many sits on a table holding the lapels of his Jacket. ballarat irish, cabin, rent, tenants, quill, biggar, davitt -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
No item alloted
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John. -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
War Medal 1939-1945
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.second world war (ww2), 1939 - 1945, medals, ballarat rsl, ballarat -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.With Clasp - "SW Pacific"second world war (ww2), 1939 - 1945, medals, ballarat rsl, ballarat -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
Pacific Star
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.second world war (ww2), 1939 - 1945, medals, ballarat rsl, ballarat -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
Australia Service Medal 1939-1946
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.second world war (ww2), 1939 - 1945, medals, ballarat rsl, ballarat -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
Service Medal of the Order of St. John
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.second world war (ww2), 1939 - 1945, medals, ballarat rsl, ballarat -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
Photograph - 58th Battalion
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.photo/pictures, ballarat rsl, ballarat -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
Hat Badge
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.second world war (ww2), 1939 - 1945, uniforms, ballarat rsl, ballarat -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
Miniature Medal - Australian Service Medal 1945-1975
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.medals, ballarat rsl, ballarat -
Ballarat RSL Sub-Branch Inc.
Dog Tag
This object relates to Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS. He was born on 18/02/1925 in Adelaide, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Alwyn Harvey served in the RAAF (129061) enlisting on, 26/04/1943 in Prahran, VICTORIA before being discharged from duties with the AIRFORCE HEADQUARTERS as a RAAF Non-Commissioned Leading Aircraftman/Aircraftwoman (LAC/W) on 25/07/1946. His next of kin is Charles ROBERTS, father. Alwyn Harvey ROBERTS was not a prisoner of war. Alwyn Roberts was awarded the 1939-1945 Star, Australia Service Medal 1939-1946, Australian Active Service Medal 1945-1975, Pacific Star, War Medal 1939-1945, Service Medal of the Order of St. John.second world war (ww2), 1939 - 1945, personal items, ballarat rsl, ballarat