Alfred William Eustace was a well-known self-taught Australian artist who spent his spare time painting the local landscapes in the Chiltern area. When not doing his work or painting, Eustace regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper "The Federal Standard". A collection of A. W Eustace's verse and other writings, written between 1845 and 1899, was presented to The Chiltern Athenaeum Trust by Cam Boadle, a grandson of A.W. Eustace, and his wife Connie. The Chiltern Athenaeum Trust created a booklet of some of his poetry which was published in 1992. Copyright for the booklet is held by Chiltern Athenaeum Museum 1992. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. A.W.Eustace was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and worked on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush painting on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederich of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skilful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth. Alfred William Eustace made a valuable contribution to the culture of 19th century Chiltern and his booklet of Selected Verse gives us an insight into life during that time.22 page booklet of Selected Verse/ A.W. Eustace of Chiltern/ 1820-1907. Printed on thick cream paper with a copy of an oval photograph of the author.a. w. eustace, selected verse, chiltern

A poignant poem by CJ Dennis about Anzac soldiers from World War 1. The date was located from Trove. The Army of the West BY C. J. DENNIS HERE was tramping, a tramping, a tramp of many feet. The young men, the strong men were marching in the street, Marching for a new land, at the Old World's call, With the sun upon their faces — straight lads and tall, The chosen of a leal land that yielded of her best. "Pack your kit," the soldier said, "for the ships sail West," Then Anzac, oh, Anzac! A new name on the tongue — A proud name and a precious name to mark the valiant young — The valiant young who went so gay across a troubled sea, The glorious young who slept so deep upon Gallipoli. There was tramping, a tramping, a tramp of weary feet. The spent men, the worn men, were marching in the street- Marching to the wild cheers, home at last from war, With a wisdom on their faces that we had not known before: Wisdom of the veteran, earned at our behest, "Now sound the call," the soldier said, "for the boys gone West." But Anzac, oh, Anzac! Dearly they bought the name Who lit upon Gallipoli that everlasting flame — The flame to light the path for men who live beyond their day; While in the West the glory grows, as soldiers drift away. There is tramping, a tramping, a tramp of steady feet. The grey men, the grave men are marching in the street; And maimed men and blind men and shattered men are here. But many a man he marches not who marched last year. Gathered to his comrades, to the Army of the Blest. "Close up the ranks," the soldier said, "for the boys march West." But Anzac, oh, Anzac! Surely no day shall come When that fame shall not be quickened in the roll of every drum; In the call of every bugle let the name be vibrant yet, In a great land of strong men — who never shall forget. There yet will be a tramping, a tramp of dwindling feet, As the last old, old men come marching down the street; Marching now with memories, phantoms at their side, To the cheering of their strong sons inheriting their pride; Inheriting a shining gift won in a bloody quest, "Harkl" the aged soldier says. "The bugles call us West." Then Anzac! Anzac! Oh, what a mighty cry- When that great hymn of greeting goes shouting down the sky, As the last recruit comes marching to the singing of the rest, And the last man answers roll-call in the Army of the West. It was in a folder of documents about the history of Legacy. Appears to have been mostly compiled by Legatee Cyril Smith as he has many hand written notes on miscellaneous pieces of paper (some are envelopes addressed to him). Some notes were typed up into a summary of the History of Legacy. Also documents relating to the first time Legacy approached the public for donations in September 1956, including newspaper articles that were reprinted, a schedule of information that was approved to be released to the press, and a list of potential donors that was circulated to Legatees in the hope they could contact the ones they knew personally or professionally. The documents from this folder have been added in seperate records (see 01262 to 01282). The folder was part of an attempt to capture history of Legacy, generally from the 1950s.The documents provide an insight into the working of Legacy, especially in the 1950s. Legatee Cyril Smith and others were detailing their experiences and knowledge for the future. This poem might have been included for its portrayal of Anzacs.A poem by CJ Dennis printed in a newspaper.history, world war one, poems, poetry

Open House 2022: "Like many Melburnians, Ying-Lan Dann has long been fascinated by the Mission to Seafarers, in Docklands. When she was invited to create a work in response to a building as part of this year’s Open House Melbourne, she knew immediately which it would be. Taking a peek behind the closed doors of some of Melbourne’s finest and most interesting buildings is a core premise of the weekend event, now in its 15th year. During that time, the program has grown from half a dozen buildings to a 200-plus strong list that extends to Ballarat and Bendigo. “[It’s] much more expansive and citizen-led,” says Fleur Watson, Open House Melbourne’s executive director. “As a public festival, it has always had a spirit of generosity, this gesture of opening up and allowing visitors to come and look and experience things.” Swinging open their doors at the end of the month will be some of the city’s finest mansions, including Villa Alba in Kew and Brighton’s Billilla, the Cairo flats in Fitzroy, the newly renovated Jewish Museum designed by Kerstin Thompson, the Melbourne Quakers Centre, the Albanian Mosque in Carlton North and many more. Considering how to approach the event this year, held remotely for the past two, Watson decided to explore beyond the traditional, with associate professor and director of curatorial practice at Monash University Tara McDowell. The two have co-curated an exhibition of works to run concurrently with the Open House program, called Take Hold of the Clouds. That’s where Dann’s work, Circular Temporalities, comes in, one of seven commissions around town in which local and international artists respond to chosen buildings or sites. A lecturer in interior design at RMIT as well as an artist, she is interested in time and finding different mediums to show things in flux and, having grown up on Phillip Island, she often uses water as a theme. When she started spending time at the Mission, Dann found there was an oculus at the top of the dome, known as the Norla Dome. She thought about how that small but significant opening related to where sailors spent so many months of the year, the sky being the only thing they would see much of the time, stars guiding the way in times gone by, and of the recent stories she’d heard about sailors being trapped at sea during COVID. Built in the Arts and Craft style between 1916 and 1919 and designed by architect Walter Butler, the Mission includes a chapel, clubroom, Chaplain’s house, a small cottage and the Norla Dome, which was apparently inspired by the Pantheon. The Mission was funded by the government and the Ladies Harbour Lights Guild, who Dann was also intrigued by. “One of the things those women identified is that life at sea is very dangerous [and they] wanted to give them a space of sanctuary and support,” she says, adding that for many years, the dome was used as a gymnasium. Her work inside the dome includes a 35-minute loop film, recorded from the ferry during the crossing from Queenscliff to Sorrento. The horizon takes up about a third of the shot and moves as the waves rise and fall, mirroring the journeys made by the sailors who found refuge at the mission over the years; it will be projected onto a gauze-like fabric, allowing glimpses of the building behind. Dann also plans to activate the site over the course of the weekend and will read a poem by Justin Clemens.The articles gives an insight of the création of the artwork by Ying-Lan Dann. digital copy of an article with photographs published in the Ageopen house melbourne, 2022, ying-lan dann, take hold of the clouds, norla dome, exhibition, the age, cultural events

The breeches buoy and traveller block are part of the beach rescue apparatus used by lifesaving crew overseas and in Australia in the 1860s to 1960s. The breeches buoy (or chair bucket or petticoat breeches) were invented by Lieutenant Kisbee by the 1850s. It looks like a pair of canvas shorts with a cork lifebuoy ring attached around the top. The set-up works similar way to a zip wire and allows for two-way travel. Saving lives in Warrnambool – The coastline of South West Victoria has had over 600 shipwrecks and many lost lives; even in Warrnambool’s Lady Bay there were around 16 known shipwrecks between 1850 and 1905, with eight lives lost. In 1859 the first Government-built lifeboat arrived at Warrnambool Harbour and a shed was soon built to house it, followed in 1864 by a rocket house to safely store the Rocket Rescue equipment. In 1878 the buildings were moved to the Breakwater area, and in 1910 the new Lifeboat Warrnambool arrived with its ‘self-righting’ design. For almost one hundred years the lifeboat and rocket crews, mostly local volunteers, trained regularly to maintain and improve their skills, summoned when needed by alarms, gunshots, ringing bells and foghorns. Some became local heroes but all served an important role. By the end of the 1950s the lifeboat and rescue equipment had become obsolete. Rocket Rescue Method - The first use of a lifesaving rocket rescue system is often credited to Captain Manby and his invention of a life mortar, first used in 1808 to fire a line onto a ship to rescue lives. Henry Trengrouse’s invention of 1820 was the first to use a sky rocket’s power to throw a line, and his invention included a chair for carrying the shipwrecked victims to shore. In 1832 John Dennett invented a rocket specifically for shore to ship rescue. It had an iron case and an 8 foot pole attached and could shoot the line as far as 250 yards (about 230 metres). From the 1860s the rocket rescue apparatus was in use. It comprised a breeches buoy and traveller block that was suspended on a line and manually pulled to and from the distressed vessel carrying passengers and items. Colonel Boxer, who had invented an early line-thrower, designed a rocket in 1865 with a range from 300 to 470 yards. It was the first two-stage rocket, with two rockets placed one in front of the other in a tube that carried the rescue line. The hemp line was faked, or coiled, in a particular way in a faking box to prevent twists and tangles when fired, and the angle of firing the rocket was measured by a quadrant-type instrument on the side of the rocket machine. Schermuly invented the line-throwing pistol around 1920, which used a small cartridge to fire the rocket. Victoria’s Government adopted lifesaving methods based on Her Majesty’s Coast Guard in Great Britain, which used Colonel Boxer’s rocket apparatus rescue method. The British Board of Trade published instructions in 1850 for both the beach rescue crew and ship’s crew. It involved setting up the rocket launcher on shore at a particular angle measured by the quadrant, inserting a rocket that had a light-weight line attached, then firing it across the stranded vessel. A tally board was then sent out with instructions in four languages. The ship’s crew would haul on the line to bring out the continuous whip line and attach the whip block to a mast or sturdy part the ship. The rescue crew on shore then hauled out a heavier hawser line, which the ship’s crew fixed above the whip block. The hawser is then tightened using the block on the shore end of the whip. The breeches buoy and endless whip are then attached to the traveller block on the hawser, allowing the shore crew to haul the buoy to and from the vessel, rescuing the stranded crew one at a time. The rocket system could also be used from one ship to another. This item is significant for its connection with local history, maritime history and marine technology. Lifesaving has been an important part of the services performed from Warrnambool's very early days, supported by State and Local Government, and based on the methods and experience of Great Britain. Hundreds of shipwrecks along the coast are evidence of the rough weather and rugged coastline. Ordinary citizens, the Harbour employees, and the volunteer boat and rescue crew, saved lives in adverse circumstances. Some were recognised as heroes, others went unrecognised. In Lady Bay, Warrnambool, there were around 16 known shipwrecks between 1850 and 1905. Many lives were saved but tragically, eight lives were lost.Breeches buoy and traveller lock; white canvas breeches (shorts) with lifebuoy ring attached to its waistband, with ropes for attaching it to the traveller block. Wooden traveller block has double brass inline sheaves and brass rollers on each cheek of the block, and each shell is scored for the strop. The thimble attached to the strop has a wooden slat for quick release of the breeches buoy. The ropes comprise of two equal lengths of rope that have been bunched together to form two loops, then bound together just below the loops, while the four hanging ends are looped around the lifebuoy, equally spaced, with each end finished in an eye-splice. The apparatus is suspended by the loops at the top and attached to the traveller block, which has a quick release device.flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, flagstaff hill, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck, life-saving, lifesaving, rescue crew, rescue, rocket rescue, maritime accidents, shipwreck victim, rocket crew, beach rescue, line rescue, rescue equipment, rocket firing equipment, rocket rescue equipment, rocket apparatus, beach apparatus, petticoat breeches, breeches buoy, rocket house, rocket shed, lifeboat men, rocket equipment, rocket machine, rocket head, rocket launcher, rocket line, marine technology, william schermuly, line-firing pistol, line throwing gun, schermuly pistol, pistol rocket apparatus, beach rescue set, traveller, block, running block, pulley, hawser, faking, faking box, faked line, rescue boat, lifeboat, lady bay, warrnambool harbour, port of warrnambool, tramway jetty, volunteer lifesavers, volunteer crew, breakwater, lifeboat warrnambool, rocket rescue method, rocket rescue apparatus, captain manby, mortar, henry trengrouse, sky rocket, john dennett, shore to ship, colonel boxer, two-stage rocket, italian hemp, quadrant, schermuly, line-throwing pistol, line throwing cartridge, rocket apparatus rescue, stranded vessel, tally board, light line, whip line, endless whip, petticoat buoy, traveller chair, traveller block, her majesty’s coast guard, harbour board, line thrower, line throwing, beach cart, hand barrow, sand anchor, hawser cutter, life jacket, faking board, irish hand barrow, government of victoria

This book was conceived by the Nillumbik Women's Network as a way of writing women into local history. When seeking nominations for the 2010 editon, the press release stated: Nillumbik Shire’s official histories don’t reflect the important but often unacknowledged contribution of local women to the development of the area. To redress this, the Nillumbik Women’s Network (NWN) initiated a small project, Celebrating Nillumbik women in late 2007.( For details of the Nillumbik Women’s Network refer to attachment) The NWN sought nominations of local women who had made, or continue to make, a significant contribution to the social and cultural life of our community. The brief profiles of the nominees were published in a booklet, which was launched at an International Women’s Day celebration in March 2008, and a second publication was produced in 2009. We continue to be inspired by the quality and activism of our local women. Many of the biographies tell of women’s contribution to the building of the ‘social’ infrastructure of the Shire. These stories complement the official historical accounts which primarily document men’s role in building the physical infrastructure of the Shire. One begins to develop a clearer picture of how women went about developing the services which we take for granted today, from the small kindergartens operating out of church halls to the wide ranging network of occasional and long day childcare care to the development of home based services for older frail and disabled residents of the area. They also tell of the bravery and resilience of women in their response to the devastating impact of the Black Saturday bushfires. This volume includes profiles of 23 women, 2013 Nominees in addition to those included since the project was launched in 2008. The 2008 nominations are: Wendy Alexander, Jane Ashton, Sharon Banner, Janet Boddy, Catherine Cervasio, Belinda Clarkson, Helen Coleman, Cathy Dean, Judy Duffy, Gwen Ford, Jenny Graves, Cath Giles, Meera Govil, Ona Henderson, Jill Jameson, Vicki Kaye, Mrs Kimber, Nerida Kirov, Jane Lauber, Pam Lawson, Anne Manne, Chris Marks, Elizabeth Marshall, Dawn McDonnell, Jenny Millar, Grace Mitchell, Jenni Mitchell, Michelle Molinaro, Joy Murphy, Rosie Murphy, Barbara Murray, Tracey Naughton, Josephine Norman, Pamela Pederson, Mary Robertson, Vicki Ruhr, Geraldine Sanderson, Dawn Shaw, Fiona Sievers, Myra Skipper, Selina Sutherland, Barbara Talbot, Marjorie Taylor, Julie Tipene-O’Toole, Susie Walker, Donna Zander. 2009: Jan Aitken, Rosemary Aitken – OAM, Edith Apted, Betty Anderson, Thelma Barkway, Diana Bassett-Smith, Jenneke Bateman-Korteweg, Amy Bryans, Sabi Buehler, Jenni Bundy, Audrey Cahn, Linda Cornelissen, Janice Crosswhite, Elean Dansey, Christine Durham Claire Fitzpatrick, Ailsa Fitzmaurice, Lucinda Flynn, Sheryl Garbutt MP, Fran Gronow, Ev Hales, Irene “Rennie” Harrison, Ena Jarvis, Heather Kaufmann. 1948-2007: Helen Kenney, Margot Knox – Pederson, Lois Loftus-Hills, Nina Mikhailovna Christesen AM (nee Maximov), Penny Mullinar, Gwayne Naug, Nanette Oates, Lisal O’Brien, Stella Reid, Laura Rohricht, Meg Russell, Sonia Skipper, Bronwyn South, Pauline Toner MP, Lisa Walton, Diana Warrell, Rachel Watt. The 2013 nominations are: Roslyn Addison, Sue Aldred, Lucy Anderson, Sue Arnold, Mary Avola, Anna Foletta, Morag Fraser, Danielle Green MP, Colleen Hackett, Pam Hayes, Barbara Joyce, Carol Leeson, Sandra and Bruce Poloni, Many Press, Carolyn Royse, Hannah Sky, Lorna Smith, Lynlee Tozer, Kilanthi Vassiliadis, Kerry Wailes, Gale Weiss, Irma Winton and Alexis Wright.This book is a significant in the recording of the contribution of local women to the development of the Shire of Nillumbik, especially for the time frame 2008 -- 2013. Historically women's stories generally have not been told at all, let alone their contributions acknowledged. This book profiles and documents women's stories that otherwise may not have been told.women, nillumbik women's network

THE WEEK REVIEWED (Article; Bush Fires: A pictorial survey of Victoria's most tragic week, January 8-15, 1939. Published in aid of the Bush Fire Relief Fund by the Sun News-Pictorial in co-operation with its newsagents, pp2-3) THE fiercest bush fires Australia has known since its discovery are quiescent at the moment, and Victoria, in the comparative coolness of the change which came with rain on Sunday night, has begun·to count its losses. In the fiery eight days, from Sunday to Sunday, at least sixty-six men, women and children have lost their lives in forest fires, or have succumbed to burns and shock; many others have died from heat; and several serious cases of burns are being treated in hospitals. Two babies in Narrandera district have died, and ten others are in hospital, because of milk soured by the record temperatures of those eight days. Forest damage totals at least a million pounds, and incalculable damage has been done to the seedlings which were to have been the forests of the future. Water conservation will be seriously affected by the silting-up of reservoirs and streams from which protective timber has been taken by the all-engulfing flames. More than a thousand houses have been destroyed, and these, with 40 mills, and schools, post-offices, churches, and other buildings, represent a loss of at least half a million. At least 1500 are homeless. For their aid, money raised in appeals has now passed the £50,000 mark, and the biggest relief organisation ever set up in peace time has swung into operation. The First Hint Victoria's first hint of what was to come appeared on Sunday, January 8, when most parts of the State awoke to find a blistering day awaiting. At 12.20 p.m., when the thermometer reached its highest for the day, 109.6 degrees, the first fire victims were at that moment going to their death on a bush track five feet wide off the main road to Narbethong. They were the forestry officers Charles Isaac Demby and John Hartley Barling, who went to warn Demby of his danger when he parted from his companions, and was himself surrounded by the treacherous fire. It was not until 8 o'clock next morning that the tragic news was flashed throughout the State. Searchers found the two charred bodies close together, one seeking protection in the nook of two logs. Barling's watch had stopped at 1.20. In the meantime, tragedy was spreading its cloak. By Monday, big fires were raging at Toolangi, Erica, Yallourn, Monbulk, Frankston, Dromana, Drouin South, Glenburn, and Blackwood, with smaller outbreaks at many other centres. In the ensuing week, while women and children were evacuated as fast as the flames would permit, Erica-scene of the 1926 fire disaster-thrice escaped doom by a change of wind. Indeed, those who have been in the fire country these past days say that the numbers of times a change of wind has saved towns from destruction is amazing. In the towns they speak of miracles. Monday's Miracles The escapes from Monett's Mill at Erica and from the Hardwood Company's Mill at Murrindindi, near where Demby and Barling went to their death, were Monday's miracles. Twenty came out alive from each mill. At the first a 60ft. dugout provided an oven-like refuge; at the second, 12 women and children survived in the smoke-filled gloom of a three-roomed cottage while their eight men, their clothes sometimes afire, poured water on the wooden walls. Three houses out of ten remained when the fire had passed. Record Temperatures Sunday had been the hottest Melbourne day for 33 years; Monday dropped to a 76.1 degree maximum; but Tuesday dawned hotter than ever, the mercury reaching 112.5. By now rumor was racing ahead of fact; whole towns were being reported lost; the alarm was raised for scores of missing persons. But fact soon overtook rumor, and within a few days the staggering toll began to mount to a figure beyond the wildest imaginings of the panic-stricken. Six died from heat on this torrid Tuesday, and the fires spread in a wide swathe from south-west to north-east across the State. Fish died in shallow streams. A curtain of smoke hid the sky from all Victoria, and hung far out to sea. It alarmed passengers on ships. On the Ormonde, on the voyage to Sydney from Burnie, women ran on deck, believing fire had broken out in the hold. Days later the smoke reached New Zealand. In Melbourne thousands of fire-volunteers were leaving in cars: vans, motor-buses-anything reliable on wheels-to aid the country in its grim fight. In the fires at Rubicon and. Narbethong, seventeen were facing death this day. But not till Wednesday, when Melbourne breathed again in a cool change, while the country still sweltered in temperatures up to 117 degrees, did the news come through the tree blocked roads. A woman and her little daughter, trapped on the road, were among those who died. Their bodies, and those of menfolk with them, were found strewn out at intervals along the road, where the furnace of the surrounding fire had dropped them in their tracks as they ran. Twelve died at a Rubicon mill, five on the road at Narbethong. At Alexandra, not far distant, a baby was born while the fires raged, and stretcher-bearers brought in the injured. On Thursday the State Government voted £5000 for the relief of fire victims. The Governor (Lord Huntingfield) and the Lord Mayor (Cr. Coles) visited some of the stricken areas, and dipped into their pockets personally. Later, the City Council, too, voted £5000. Friday, The 13th Friday, the Thirteenth, justified its evil name. A blistering northerly came early in the morning, presaging destruction, and forcing the mercury to a new record of 114 degrees. Racing fires killed at least ten in those terrible 12 hours. Four children were engulfed in the furnace at Colac. Panic drove them, uncontrollable, into the smoke-filled road when the fire raced down behind their home. They choked to death. In other parts fires were joining to make fronts of scores of miles. Kinglake was being menaced on two fronts, £60,000 worth of timber was going up in smoke in Ballarat district. Warburton was surrounded. Residents at Lorne, favoured resort, were being driven to the sea-front by a fire which destroyed at least 20 homes. Healewille. with flames visible from the town at one stage, was in a trough between two fires which burned four guest-houses, seven homes and left its surrounding beauty-spots wastes of bowed-over, blackened tree-fern fronds; with its famous Sanctuary, however, intact. Most of Omeo was destroyed this black day: Noojee. while 200 residents crouched in the river, was being reduced to a waste of buckled iron and smoking timber; Erica was once again saved by a change of wind. Beneath a pall of smoke, the Rubicon victims were buried at Alexandra. Friday night and the early hours of Saturday saw the streets of beleagured towns strewn with exhausted fire-fighters. Their flails beside them, ready for the next call, they lay where exhaustion overtook them-on footpaths, beside lamp-posts, in gutters, in cars, under trucks. Saturday's dawn brought clear skies and lower temperatures in many parts, and from the burnt-out areas came a great rush of tragic reports. The death-roll rushed past the fifty mark with incredible speed. Some had been trapped on roads, others at mills; some, after burying their treasures, had clung too long to the places they had made their homes for many years. Four men lost their lives because one went back for his dog. By Sunday, when the first of the saving rain came, nearly another score of names had been added to the list.Newspaper magazine, 48 pages (incl. covers). Fully digitised and searchable PDFPublished in aid of the Bush Fire Relief Fund by the Sun News-Pictorial in co-operation with its newsagents.bushfires, 1939 bushfires, black friday, warrandyte

SHARP DOWNPOUR. ONE INCH IN 45 MINUTES. SOUTHERN SUBURBS DELUGED. TRAIN STOPPED AT SOUTH YARRA. One of the sudden downpours of rain which occasionally fall in Melbourne occurred yesterday afternoon, when nearly an inch of rain fell in the course of three quarters of an hour, and caused a flood for an hour or two in certain localities. During the early part of the day, the sky had been clouded over, but there was nothing to indicate a storm of such intensity as that which followed. At about half-past 1 o'clock residents of South Yarra, South Melbourne, Prahran, and St. Kilda noticed a few drops of rain. Still, it appeared unlikely that there would be anything exceptional, until with startling suddenness at about 10 minutes to 1 o'clock, one of the heaviest downpours within the memory of residents burst upon those suburbs. A strange feature of the storm was that it was practically confined to an area of about three miles square. The city was but little affected, though at a spot as close as the Observatory 86 points of rain were recorded in three-quarters of an hour. Thunder and lightning accompanied the downpour, which was cyclonic in character, the rain driving heavily from all points of the compass as the cyclone passed. It was in South Yarra and Prahran that the rain fell heaviest. Within a few minutes after it commenced, the low-lying portions of Toorak-road and practically the whole length of Chapel-street were under water. The depression at the intersection of Toorak-road and Darling-street speedily filled to the dimensions of a small lake. Several shops were inundated, while the water from the higher levels rushed down like a mountain torrent, and in several in-stances swept through the rear of houses and shops, carrying furniture in a floating mass against the further walls. In one case a footbridge was carried bodily away and dashed to pieces. Darling-street itself Great Davis-street, and other low-lying and flat thoroughfares in the vicinity became flooded from kerb to kerb, while on the other side of the railway-bridge the valley between Kensington-road and River-street became filled for some minutes to a depth of several feet. Meanwhile the waters from South Yarra hill, seeking a lower level, found it in the railway cutting, and the excavations from South Yarra station to Prahran on the one line, and to the Chapel-street bridge on the other, were converted into a couple of canals. At the platforms at South Yarra the water was two feet deep on the permanent way, and towards Hawksburn, at the sudden depression under Chapel-street bridge, it was at one time deep enough to cover a tall man's head. Into this swirling mass of water the 1:50 p.m. train from Oakleigh plunged on its way to Melbourne. The impact caused a mighty fountain of water to rise to a height of about 20 feet above the level of Chapel-street and send clouds of spray in all directions. Under the belief that a terrible explosion had occurred residents braved the rain and rushed to the spot, only to find that the train had been brought to a stand-still in the middle of what seemed to be a river. The water was so high that it had entered the fire-box from below, extinguishing the fires and cutting off the steam supply. In the meantime the officials at the South Yarra station had been preparing for emergencies. Inspectors were on duty at intervals along the line, and the moment the alarm was given an extra engine was backed carefully down and continued on to connect with the stranded train without losing its own power. There was a delay of about ten minutes in the service for an hour or two, but by 5 o'clock all the trains were running on time again, and the water had run off all but the spot beneath the Chapel-street bridge. Here the water remained about four feet deep until nightfall, and throughout the afternoon several hundreds of people including biograph operators and photographers, were gathered around watching each train pass through. Even with the water two feet lower, this was a work attended with considerable difficulty. Each train had to absolutely force its way through the weight of water, almost enveloped by the spray thrown up, and it was only just able to negotiate the "ford" by using every ounce of steam. ... The Argus, 26 January 1907, p19.The item forms part of the Laurie Bennett collection of thirty-six postcards and photographs of Kew and early Melbourne, donated to the Kew Historical Society in 1980. The postcards in the Bennett collection, like other images in the Society's holdings date from the 1890s to the present and comprehensively indicate points-of-view or scenes considered historically, aesthetically or socially significant in the period in which they were produced.Postcard depicting a flood at South Yarra Station in 1907. The title and photographer's name are identified on the front of the postcard. Donated by L. Bennett, 1980flood - south yarra, trains - melbourne, postcards, r mcgeehan - prahran

This rescue line-throwing rocket set was made for the Dennett rocket system, which was used by the Rocket Rescue crews in South West Victoria from around the 1860s to the 1890s. John Dennett - John Dennett was from Carisbrooke, in the Ilse of Wight, UK. In 1826 he invented, patented and demonstrated an improved method of rocket powered, line firing rescue equipment for saving lives. The rockets had a longer range than the mortars being used, they were lighter, needed less preparation time, only needed one line for repeated shots, and fewer people were needed to move the equipment. Very favourable reports of Dennett’s rockets were received by those in charge of His Majesty’s Naval and Military services. In 1832, Dennett’s rocket-thrown line was sent out to the wreck of the ‘Bainbridge’, and was responsible for nineteen survivors coming ashore in two boatloads, along the fired line. Dennett’s rocket received national fame, and a one-year contract to supply rockets to the Coastguards. He became known as ‘Rocket Man’ and his rockets were used in rescues at least until 1890, when his son Horatio was running the business. A rocket weighing 23 lb would have a range of about 250 yards (228 metres), on average. Saving lives in Warrnambool – The coastline of South West Victoria has had over 600 shipwrecks and many lost lives; even in Warrnambool’s Lady Bay there were around 16 known shipwrecks between 1850 and 1905, with eight lives lost. In 1859 the first Government-built lifeboat arrived at Warrnambool Harbour and a shed was soon built to house it, followed in 1864 by a rocket house to safely store the Rocket Rescue equipment. In 1878 the buildings were moved to the Breakwater area, and in 1910 the new Lifeboat Warrnambool arrived with its ‘self-righting’ design. For almost one hundred years the lifeboat and rocket crews, mostly local volunteers, trained regularly to maintain and improve their skills, summoned when needed by alarms, gunshots, ringing bells and foghorns. Some became local heroes but all served an important role. By the end of the 1950s the lifeboat and rescue equipment had become obsolete. Rocket Rescue Method - The first use of a lifesaving rocket rescue system is often credited to Captain Manby and his invention of a life mortar, first used in 1808 to fire a line onto a ship to rescue lives. Henry Trengrouse’s invention of 1820 was the first to use a sky rocket’s power to throw a line, and his invention included a chair for carrying the shipwrecked victims to shore. In 1832 John Dennett invented a rocket specifically for shore to ship rescue. It had an iron case and an 8 foot pole attached and could shoot the line as far as 250 yards (about 230 metres). From the 1860s the rocket rescue apparatus was in use. It comprised a breeches buoy and traveller block that was suspended on a line and manually pulled to and from the distressed vessel carrying passengers and items. Colonel Boxer, who had invented an early line-thrower, designed a rocket in 1865 with a range from 300 to 470 yards. It was the first two-stage rocket, with two rockets placed one in front of the other in a tube that carried the rescue line. The hemp line was faked, or coiled, in a particular way in a faking box to prevent twists and tangles when fired, and the angle of firing the rocket was measured by a quadrant-type instrument on the side of the rocket machine. Schermuly invented the line-throwing pistol around 1920, which used a small cartridge to fire the rocket. Victoria’s Government adopted lifesaving methods based on Her Majesty’s Coast Guard in Great Britain, which used Colonel Boxer’s rocket apparatus rescue method. The British Board of Trade published instructions in 1850 for both the beach rescue crew and ship’s crew. It involved setting up the rocket launcher on shore at a particular angle measured by the quadrant, inserting a rocket that had a light-weight line attached, then firing it across the stranded vessel. A tally board was then sent out with instructions in four languages. The ship’s crew would haul on the line to bring out the continuous whip line and attach the whip block to a mast or sturdy part the ship. The rescue crew on shore then hauled out a heavier hawser line, which the ship’s crew fixed above the whip block. The hawser is then tightened using the block on the shore end of the whip. The breeches buoy and endless whip are then attached to the traveller block on the hawser, allowing the shore crew to haul the buoy to and from the vessel, rescuing the stranded crew one at a time. The rocket system could also be used from one ship to another.The Dennett rocket set is quite rare - there are not many examples in existence and little information is available. This Dennett's rocket set is significant for its connection with local history, maritime history and marine technology. Lifesaving has been an important part of the services performed from Warrnambool's very early days, supported by State and Local Government, and based on the methods and experience of Great Britain. Hundreds of shipwrecks along the coast are evidence of the rough weather and rugged coastline. Ordinary citizens, the Harbour employees, and the volunteer boat and rescue crew, saved lives in adverse circumstances. Some were recognised as heroes, others went unrecognised. In Lady Bay, Warrnambool, there were around 16 known shipwrecks between 1850 and 1905. Many lives were saved but tragically, eight lives were lost.A Dennett rocket set in six parts; the rocket head, three shafts (poles) and two rocket-head toting boxes. The rocket head, mounted on one of the shafts, is a long, red painted, iron tube with rounded ends and a protruding fitting around each end. The wooden rocket shafts are octagonal, with a metal sheath at the ends, carved elongated slots towards each end, and a scribed channel above the black foot. The rocket head toting boxes are thick timber, covered in fabric and painted black. They have a hinged wooden lid that slants downwards from back to front, and a metal closure. Small deliberate holes, in groups of four, on the box’s sides, indicate missing attachments, likely to have been handles. Impressed one a shaft "8"flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, flagstaff hill, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck, life-saving, lifesaving, rescue crew, rescue, rocket rescue, maritime accidents, shipwreck victim, rocket crew, beach rescue, line rescue, rescue equipment, rocket firing equipment, rocket rescue equipment, rocket apparatus, beach apparatus, petticoat breeches, breeches buoy, rocket house, rocket shed, lifeboat men, rocket equipment, rocket machine, rocket head, rocket launcher, rocket line, marine technology, william schermuly, line-firing pistol, line throwing gun, schermuly pistol, pistol rocket apparatus, beach rescue set, traveller, block, running block, pulley, hawser, faking, faking box, faked line, rescue boat, lifeboat, lady bay, warrnambool harbour, port of warrnambool, tramway jetty, volunteer lifesavers, volunteer crew, breakwater, lifeboat warrnambool, rocket rescue method, rocket rescue apparatus, captain manby, mortar, henry trengrouse, sky rocket, john dennett, shore to ship, colonel boxer, two-stage rocket, italian hemp, quadrant, schermuly, line-throwing pistol, line throwing cartridge, rocket apparatus rescue, stranded vessel, tally board, light line, whip line, endless whip, petticoat buoy, traveller chair, traveller block, her majesty’s coast guard, harbour board, line thrower, line throwing, beach cart, hand barrow, sand anchor, hawser cutter, life jacket, faking board, irish hand barrow, rocket head toting box, explosives, rocket shaft, rocket pole

Black hard covered book with red spine, holding Victorian Education Gazettes for one calendar year. .1) 1910 .2) 1912 .3) 1911 .4) 1914 .5) 1918 Images: Open Air Classroom Black Rock; Open Air Classroom, Jeetho, Gippsland; Open Air Nurses bedroom, Mildura; Gym at Canterbury School ; Babies and Nurses at Melbourne Foundling Hospital; Camp at Portland; Alexander Peacock Opens a Melbourne School; Unveiling Major Mitchell Memorial at Mt Arapiles; Agricultural Plot; School Interior; Swimming Drill; Graham Dux Prize Board; Bathing Place; Classroom with blackboard and pictures; Major Mitchell's Map; Melbourne, Derbyshire; Market Place Melbourne; The Blackwood; World War One Send-off at The Athenaeum; Scarsdale Old Boy's logo; Sloyd articles for the Field Hospital; World War One; Gifts for Transport to the Wharf; soldiers; ANZAC Day; ANZAC Day Medalion .5) 1915: Education Department's War Relief Fund, William Park obituary, Closer Settlement Act 1912, Agriculture, needlework, Swimming and Life Saving, explorers, Gregory Blaxland, Matthew Flinders, Composition, Geography, potatoes, onions, gardens, Needlework for Infants, Iona and Staffa, Trained Primary Teacher's Course, Electricity, Electrical Technology, hygiene, Arbour Day, Horticulture, Wattle Day, Bird Day, Technical Schools, Landing at Gaba Tepe, Evils of Alcohol, Old Boys of Scarsdale, Belgium, Teachers' College Images: The British at War, The Sonnet, History and Patriotism, Male Swimming Teachers Summer School at Geelong, Women Swimming Teachers at Port Fairy, Buln Buln State School, Burwood East State School, needlework plans, methods of Rescue and Resucitation. plan of the journey of Gregory Blaxland, Macquarie House, teachers killed (William Ross Hoggart, Stanley Robert Close, William Roy Hodgson, Campbell McDiarmid Peter, William Henry Dawkins, William Hugh Hamilton, Frederick McRae Neal, Vernon Brookes, Frank J. Olle, Alfred J. Collins, Ernest R. Fairlie, William J. McLaren, A.E. Smith, Thomas Patton, Francis W. Kemp, Frederick G. Hall, Rupert O. Hepburn, Woolston J. Govan), Frederick Harold Tubb VC, Botanic Gardens Red Gum, Shelter Pavillions, Head of Wheat, Australian Commonwealth Flag, Iona Cathedral, Drawing exercises, ANZAC Madallion, School Rolls of Honor .6) 1916 - Nature Study, war relief, school gardening, horticulture, singing class, geography of the war, School Rolls of Honour, Ponsonby Carew-Smyth, Astronomy, ANZAC Day, Empire Day, Arbor Day, "Some Suul of Goodness in Things Evil" by Frank Tate, War Relief Gardeners' League, ANZAC Day medallion, Solar System, Abolition of German Schools in Victoria, ANZAC Avenues, avenues of honour, Geography of the War: The West, War relief and handwork, Victorian State Schools Horticultural Society, Patrick Maloney obituary, formalin lamps, Victoria League of Victoria, Wonwondah East Roll of Honor Images - Teachers killed (John Clarke, A.C.H. Jackson, Alexander Robertson, Noel Gambetta, Ralp E. Leyland, Laurance J. Woodruff, Walter E. Cass, Percy D. Moncur, Thomas M. Carmichael, Edward G. Brain, Reginald N.F. Woods, George E. James, William Colvin, David Dobson, Stanley L. Robinson, Charles Allen, G.E. James, H.F. Curnow, Franl L. Cousins, James R. Thompson, Henry H. Campbell, George E. Read, Ernest D. Morshead, Wilfred S. Merlin, Henry R. Wright, George B. Webb, Noel Nicholas, David H. Thomas, Charles A. Levens, Thomas R. Fenner, John M. Daniell, P.J. Larkin, Ralph Smith, Philip Ormsby), school rolls of honour, Swimming Instructors at Queenscliff, The Southern Sky, Map of the North Sea and its Littorals, Easter School of Horticulture at Oakleigh, Map of the Eastern Front, Map of Mesopotamia, Map of the War Area in the Egyptian Campaign, leeches for the Melbourne Hospital .7) 1917 - Swimming and Life-Saving, Childre's FLower Day, Education Department's War Relief Fund, State War Council, Horticulture, Bird Day, Swimming, Growing Chicory at Cowes Images - Teachers killed during World War One (G.M. Nicholas, William C.W. Spencer, J.W.C. Profitt, Ivon C. Bromilow, John Colwell, Robert W. Campbell, Arthur P. Bourchier, Francid G. Houston, Claude N. Harrison, Edgar Williams, Leslie A. Stevens, Charles E. W. Chester, Stanley R. Green, Walter Baker, Arthur G. Scott, Harry L. Swinburne, Horace W. Brown, Arnold Bretherton, Edward W. Jenkins Aubrey Liddelow, Ewen A. Cameron, Edmund R. Lyall, John H. Martin, Harry Bell, Frank L. Nicholls, Melville R. Hughes, Edwin W. Hauser, Walter S. Filmer, Walter G. Barlow, Henry A. Donaldson, Edward H. Jones, Walter W. Raw, Alfred W. Dean, Wiliam Lea, Frederick G. Drury, J.T. Richards, Norman G. Pelton, Lance-Corporal Doran, Kenneth F. McKenzie, William F. Robertson, Wiliam Jarrott, Norman Graham, George G. Paul, Victor Green, Arthur William Rennie, Alfred J. Glendinning, Robert B. Liston, Eward P. Toll, George Jones, Errol E. Rodda, Christian P. Christensen, Charles F. Sydes, H.G. Clements, Norman C. Fricker, J.M. Romeo. Eric N. Lear, Thomas J. Bartley, Norval Birrell, Frederick H. Tubb. J.T. Hamilton Aram, Arthur Wilcock, William M. Conroy, Alex. H. Miller, Patrick J. Cunningham, Charles S. Mitchell, John R. Maddern, James Roadknight, Harry Arundel, Jack C. McKellar, duncan M. McKellar, George S. Manfield, Edgar C. Holmes, George A. Young, Raymond A. Gardiner, William B. Bell, William Opie, George R. Scott, Richard V.B. Vine, Herbery S. Marshall, Hugh St Omer Dentry, George B. Fullerton, Harry Oulton, Iva F. Morieson), School Honor Books, Drawing, Presentation of 30,000 pounds to the British Red Cross at Melbourne Town Hall .8) 1918 .9) 1919 - Photographs of World War One soldiers from the Education Department, Margaret Montgomery Memorial, 1918 Act relating to State School Teachers, State Scolarships, Victorian State Schools' Horticultural Society, Pneumonic Influenza, Spanish Flu, epedemic, swimming and life savinfJunior cadet training, vacancies in Fiji, School Committees, Arbor Day, Arbour Day, Henry Harding of Yinnar, Planting Trees and Shrubs, Juvenile Crime, The use of 'Get', Soldier-Teachers from Overseas in Congress London, Australia's Effort in the War, Military, Working Bees, Tree Planting, fence building, Welcoming Home a Returned Soldier, Avenue of Honour planting, Discipline, Unveiling an Honor Board, School gymnasium, school tennis court, E. E. Crogger grave at Aldershot, The School Honor Book. War Relief Fund, Commonwealth War Record, Caulfield Military Hosptial, ANZAC Day Pilgrimage, Jimmie Panikin, Donald Fraser, Arthur Mee, Card Sun Dial, Balboa Day in Honolulu, William Hamilton, Alfred Jackson, The Backward Child, Flies, Language Teaching and Learning, Spelling, The Education of the Adolescent, victorian education gazette, education gazette and teachers' aid, sloyd, william a. cavanagh, james i froebel, school, education, world war one, memorials, alfred williams, exploration and settlement, cadets, australian naval college, bernard o;dowd, birds, swimming, drawingempire league, eucalypts, paper in history, forestry, arbor day, identification of trees, forestrey museums, fiji, gravel hill school band, horticulture, hygiene, gould league of bird lovers, life saving, la perouse, bandin, j. holland, w. hamilton, charles sturt, principles of archimedes, james holland, william hamilton, scarsdale old boys' reunion, foundling home melbourne, montessori education, open air schools, james hughes, marie corelli, flinders sydney harbour, major mitchell's map, tooth brushing, r.h.s. bailey

Bendigo Easter Fair 1985, April 5-8. Programme Booklet. Friday: Sun Loon Display, Easter Bowling Carnival, Rotary Easter Art Show, Book Bazaar, Model Railroaders Exhibition, Dudley House, Exhibition of Dolls, Embroiderers Guild, Art Gallery. Saturday: Mardi-Gras Street Carnival, Busking, Outdoor Theatre, Arts & Music, Bendigo Theatre Company, Cynthia Holland & Bendigo Talent Club Sun Loong Display, Rotary Art Show, Handcraft Bazaar, Motorcycle Show-Sandhurst Historic Vehicle Club Trams, Central Deborah, Dudley House, Exhibition Dolls, Antique Fair, Model Railroaders, Fire Brigades' Carnival for Children, Horse & Harness Parade, Book Bazaar, Bowling Carnival, Football, Photographic Exhibition, Family Activities, Cinema 180, Exhibition of Paintings silver furniture & porcelain, Embroiders Guild. Sunday: Horse Spectacular, Model Railroaders, Rotary Art Show, Handcraft Bazaar, Antique & Historical Display of Arms Weapons & Military, Antique Fair, Torchlight Procession, Awakening of Dragon, Exhibition of Dolls, Dudley House, Trams, Central Deborah, Book Bazaar, Mardi-Gras Street Carnival, Hargreaves Mall, Motorcycle Show, Photographic Exhibition, Family Activities, Cinema 180, Art Gallery, Embroiderers Guild. Monday: Philatelic Society Exhibition, Rotary Art Show, Handcraft Bazaar, Antique Fair, Model Railroaders, Bendigo District Bowling Assn. Easter Bowling Carnival, Exhibition of Dolls, Dudley House Bendigo Branch Royal Historical Society, Trams, Central Deborah, Motorcycle Show, Antique and Historical Display of Arms Weapons & Militaria, Mardi-Gras Street Carnival, Hargreaves Mall, Gala Street Procession, Carnival For Children, Sun Loong on Display, Photographic Exhibition, Fusion, Cinema 180, Art Gallery, Embroiders Guild. Church Services in Bendigo City Area During Easter (listings for Thursday, Good Friday, Eater Saturday, Easter Day). The Bendigo & District Tourism Association Welcomes you to Victoria's Premier Town. Listing of events over Easter with map to guide all around. Bendigo Easter Fair Incorporated Phone: (054) 43 9191Bendigo Easter Fair Inc. would like to thank the Ministry for the Arts for its continued assistance over the past 11 years. 3 1/2 pages of information on the Bendigo Easter Fair and its rich history dating back to 1871. The first Fair was held to aid 2 charities: Bendigo Base Hospital and the Home and Hospital for the Aged (Benevolent Asylum). Gone are the days of the Fancy Bazaar, Fat Baby Contest and the greasy Pig Chase, many tradition remain the same. Links to the Chinese community date back to when the first settlers arrived seeking gold. This gives the Fair its unique quality and Brings visitors in their thousands each Easter. The Monday Procession has always been the most famous as many old photographs show. Some photos taken before the turn of the century. Many made the journey to Bendigo from Melbourne and outlying districts. Visitors line the route to see floats, bands, and the once a year appearance of the Chinese Dragon, ''Sun Loong'' or ''New Dragon''. The longest Imperial Dragon in the World; 300ft plus in length. His predecessor, ''Long'', is acclaimed as the worlds oldest Imperial Dragon. Easter Saturday Procession has taken form of a Horse and Harness Parade, attracting and immense variety of entrants. The torchlight Procession on Sunday evening includes fireworks, Fire Brigades, Fire Trucks, firemen, marching girls and illuminated floats. The Army has helped with the procession since around the time of Federation. 15th Transport Squadron (15 Tpt. Sqdn.), processions are assembled & dispatched with Army efficiency. Marshalling the Monday Procession this year will be done by the Army as well as our own Easter Fair marshalls with a new communications system.1930 the Popular Girl contest was introduced. The four main streets of Bendigo, Pall Mall, Mitchell Street, Hargreaves Street and Williamson Street (formerly View Street), sponsored their particular girl by means of raffles, street stalls and a variety of fund raising. The winner was the one that raised the most money, and was announced from the balcony of the Shamrock Hotel, by the Mayor of Bendigo on Easter Saturday Night. The Popular girl contest is still held with a lot of the fund raising now done by service clubs and voluntary organizations. 1984 fund raising efforts, in excess of $50,000 was distributed to charities in our area. The combined Bendigo Brigades' record support for the Easter Fair goes back of many years in a variety of ways. Bendigo people are known for their love of sport and the choice in the city is very wide. There will be no Easter Sports Carnival this year but Easter Fair will still be holding functions at the Bendigo Sports Centre in Park Road. Bendigo city centre will be alive with stalls, raffles and rides of every description over the three days of sports, Sat-Sun. Hargreaves Mall will be the focus of relaxation, buskers, community theatre, arts with craft activity & musical entertainment. The Rotary Club of Bendigo and the Easter Fair Society had had independent Arts Shows but in 1981amalgamate their shows. 1981 Rotary Club of Bendigo added the Antique Fair to the Easter Program, held in the RSL Memorial Hall, Pall Mall. Last year some event were cancelled, but last year's Fair was quite a success. With many outdoor activities, the weather plays a vital role. It has been necessary to alter some venues in the past years, with Easter being a week early in April this year we are looking forward to fine conditions. The Chinese and Bendigo Easter Fair, The First Chinese arrived on the goldfields in mid 1850's in teams or groups to work the rich alluvial gold fields of Dai Gum San (Big Gold Mountain). Most were of poorer class from the district of See Yup, an area of four villages near the provincial capital Canton (Kwangchow). By far the largest group came from the village of Toi Shan. The alluvial gold quickly petered out so by the time of the first Bendigo Easter Fair in 1871 most Chinese had either left for richer fields or turned to other pursuits such as stores, market gardens, laundries, herbalists etc.. Many of course had died on the fields from the rigors of mining of diseases not encountered in their homeland. The Benevolent Asylum (Home & Hospital for the age) and Bendigo Base Hospital had become places of rest, help and haven for old, sick and lonely Chinese. SO when the idea was mooted to hold a charity fair to raise money for these worthy establishments, the Chinese were only too happy to join with the Easter Fair Society in this charitable work. It has for over 113 years. Chinese showed their costumes, scenery, and weapons of warfare, but it was not until 1892, that the first of the 5 loongs (dragons) appeared.. . The pageant was marshalled by Mr T Chapman and headed by Mr Moody, attired in habiliments of a most gorgeous character on a gaily caparisoned horse, and his get up as a Chinese grandee was perfect. . . Tom toms , bagpipes. . Wind instrument resembling a clarinet. . Bagpipes,.. The Weekly Advertiser, Friday, April 22,1892. . . Today the Chinese Association, made up of descendants and families of the early Chinese and associate members, carries on the charitable works of their predecessors. A Little Of Dragons, We have all heard of St. George Bendigo dragons (loongs) have none of these characteristics, in fact they have only brought good to Bendigo. There are 3 chief species of Chinese Dragons of which ''The Lung'' (Loong) is the most powerful. It is also the spiritual dragon which produces wind and rain. It has 9 resemblances, the head of a camel, horns of a deer, eyes of a rabbit ears of a cow, neck of a snake, belly of a frog, scales of a carp, claws of a hawk and palm of a tiger. Loong is a vegetarian, favourite food pomelo (ooluk), the father of our modern grapefruit. The abode, according to legend is the sky or water. He is also deaf, thus requiring loud noises to awaken him and to keep him awake. . . Number of claws they have represent rank. Dragons have 2, 3, 4 or 5 claws, the latter being reserved for the Emperor. Loong and Sun Loong have both five claw dragons. Bendigo has had 5 or 6 dragons, the number being confused by the fact each dragon was called 'Loong'. Today Three dragons remain in Bendigo, Loong, Sun Loong, and Yar Loong. Loong is the oldest Imperial Dragon in the world. He continued his walk through the streets of Bendigo til his retirement in 1970. He was created in Fat Shan in the Peoples Republic of China. Built of. . . Sun Loong replaced Loong after the 2 dragon procession of 1970. Created by Mr Law On, . . Yar Loong is a night dragon, came in 1930's. . . Long history of dragons. . The Birth Of A Dragon. . . To awaken A Dragon. . . The Easter Monday Chinese Procession. . . Procession divided into 6 sections,.. The Easter Monday Procession comprises,… over 350 people. Conclusion It is hoped that in the near future a museum can be built to house the priceless regalia gathered together over the last century and a half by the Bendigo Chinese Association. Advertisements; Historic Bendigo Pottery, Mim's Restaurant, Antique Fair (Rotary), The Copper Pot, Sandhurst Town (Develop Victoria Council Tourism Award 1983-1985), Bendigo Motor Co. (Mazda), Diggers, Chaplin's, Bendigo's Dunny Diner, Arakoon, Quin's Bluebird, Allara Motor Lodge, Lakeview Motor Inn, The Armoured Car Company, Gillies, Mardi Gras Street Carnival, Handcraft Bazaar, Art Show (Rotary) Bendigo Model Railroaders (Easter Exhibition), Bendigo Easter Fair Highland Games brought to you by TV8 and Coca-Cola Bottlers. Design and Finished Art By Graphics Group, Bendigo.Graphics Group Bendigoevent, easter fair, bendigo easter fair incorporated, bendigo easter fair 1985, april 5-8. programme. friday: sun loon display, easter bowling carnival, rotary easter art show, book bazaar, model railroaders exhibition, dudley house, exhibition of dolls, embroiderers guild, art gallery. saturday: mardi-gras street carnival, busking, outdoor theatre, arts & music, bendigo theatre company, cynthia holland & bendigo talent club sun loong display, rotary art show, handcraft bazaar, motorcycle show-sandhurst historic vehicle club trams, central deborah, dudley house, exhibition dolls, antique fair, model railroaders, fire brigades' carnival for children, horse & harness parade, book bazaar, bowling carnival, football, photographic exhibition, family activities, cinema 180, exhibition of paintings silver furniture & porcelain, embroiders guild. sunday: horse spectacular, model railroaders, rotary art show, handcraft bazaar, antique & historical display of arms weapons & military, antique fair, torchlight procession, awakening of dragon, exhibition of dolls, dudley house, trams, central deborah, book bazaar, mardi-gras street carnival, hargreaves mall, motorcycle show, photographic exhibition, family activities, cinema 180, art gallery, embroiderers guild. monday: philatelic society exhibition, rotary art show, handcraft bazaar, antique fair, model railroaders, bendigo district bowling assn. easter bowling carnival, exhibition of dolls, dudley house bendigo branch royal historical society, trams, central deborah, motorcycle show, antique and historical display of arms weapons & militaria, mardi-gras street carnival, hargreaves mall, gala street procession, carnival for children, sun loong on display, photographic exhibition, fusion, cinema 180, art gallery, embroiders guild. church services bendigo city easter , eater saturday bendigo & district tourism association victoria's premier town. bendigo easter fair incorporated bendigo easter fair rich history 1871. base hospital and the home and hospital for the aged (benevolent asylum). fancy bazaar, fat baby contest greasy pig chase, many old photographs floats, bands, chinese dragon, ''sun loong'' or ''new dragon''. the longest imperial dragon in the world; 300ft plus in length easter saturday procession horse harness parade. torchlight procession on sunday evening includes fireworks, fire brigades, fire trucks, firemen, marching girls and illuminated floats. army helped federation. 15th transport squadron (15 tpt. sqdn). monday procession by the army 1930 popular girl contest introduced. four main streets, pall mall, mitchell street, hargreaves street williamson street. winner announced shamrock hotel, easter saturday night. popular girl contest fund raising service clubs voluntary organizations. 1984 fund raising efforts, in excess $50, 000 distributed to charities. combined bendigo brigades'. no easter sports carnival holding functions bendigo sports centre in park road. stalls, raffles three days sports, sat-sun. relaxation, buskers, community theatre, arts with craft activity & musical rotary club of bendigo easter fair society independent arts shows in 1981amalgamate antique fair, held last year some event cancelled. with many outdoor activities, weather plays vital role. alter some venues in the past, easter being a week early first chinese arrived goldfields in mid 1850's dai gum san (big gold mountain). see yup, canton (kwangchow). toi shan. first easter fair in 1871 for richer fields other pursuits stores, market gardens, laundries, herbalists etc. benevolent asylum (home & hospital for the age) bendigo base hospital had become places of rest, help and haven for old, chinese. charity fair to raise money, chinese join easter fair society in this charitable work. costumes, scenery, weapons of warfare, 1892, the first of the 5 loongs. marshalled by mr t chapman by mr moody, caparisoned horse, chinese grandee. tom toms, wind instrument. bagpipes, advertiser, april 22, 1892. chinese association, descendants chinese and associate charitable works. st. george ''the lung'' most powerful. spiritual dragon wind rain. 9 resemblances, camel, deer, rabbit cow, snake, frog, carp, hawk tiger. a vegetarian, pomelo (ooluk), the abode, legend is the sky or water. deaf loud noises to keep him awake. claws represent rank. 2, 3, 4 or 5 claws, reserved for emperor. had 5 or 6 dragons called 'loong'. three dragons loong, sun loong, yar loong. loong oldest imperial dragon in the world. retirement 1970. created in fat shan peoples republic of china. built of. sun loong, loong 2 dragon procession 1970. created mr law on, yar loong a night dragon1930's.history dragons. birth of a dragon. awaken a dragon. easter monday chinese procession divided 6 sections 350 people. priceless regalia last century bendigo chinese association. advertisements; historic bendigo pottery, mim's restaurant, antique fair (rotary), the copper pot, sandhurst town (develop victoria council tourism award 1983-1985), bendigo motor co. (mazda), diggers, chaplin's, bendigo's dunny diner, arakoon, quin's bluebird, allara motor lodge, lakeview motor inn, armoured car company, gillies, mardi gras street carnival, handcraft bazaar, art show model railroaders highland games tv8 coca-cola. art by graphics group

SUMMARY - Edna (Myers) Barrie, 1918 – 2018, Profile Early Life Edna was born at Melton and delivered by Hannah Watts. Her mother Martha walked in the dark at night with her basket under her arm to the bridge over the Toolern Creek Bridge and into Sherwin Street to the corner of Yuille Street to Hannah’s house Lynch Cottage. Martha’s husband was away shearing and eventually heard the news of the birth of their blue eyed third child and second daughter. She was born into a family that was surrounded by music; her father played the “squeeze box” and mother the mouth organ. From an early age the family were aware of the great composers, a framed picture of Beethoven, Chopin, Schubert and Wagner hung above the door to the lounge room of their 4 roomed cottage, the room where the piano stood. Her life on stage started as a singer aged 6 years at the Melton Mechanics Institute Hall. Edna was born with a natural ear for music learning piano and singing from her older sister Marjorie who became an accomplished pianist and soloist and renowned music teacher in Melton and district. In the 1920s and 1930s concerts at the Melton Mechanics Institute were regular events were the local talent was fostered. The Myers children, like other children of Melton and Rockbank, studied singing, piano and elocution, sat examinations, entered in competitions in South Street Ballarat, Footscray and Melbourne. In 1929 a Sacred Concert was broadcast by 3AR from the Hall as part of the Back to Melton Celebrations. Marjorie Myers performed two of the items on the piano. Edna attended Melton State School 430 from 1924 – 1933. Her father Fred had also attended the same school. In 1924 the School staged Cinderella at the Melton Mechanics Institute Hall with a cast of 33 students. After completing her education a Melton she boarded in South Melbourne and attending Melbourne Girls High School (MacRobertson Girls High School), a school which recognized her musical attributes. She travelled home on the train on the weekends, sometimes getting off at Rockbank to save a few pennies in fares. Working life The early 1930s the Depression was a difficult time for a young woman to find work. Jobs were often menial and given to the youngest and therefore cheapest applicant. She worked as sales assistant at Polonskis and Myer in the city, and Irvines Modes in Footscray. Working to 1pm on Saturday, and when held up by a customer meant missing the train home. While at Myer Department store she lived at home and rode her bike to the Melton railway station. On one occasion she had a nasty fall when a part of her bicycle came loose causing the bike to crash rendering her concussed and injuring her nose. During the 1930s she was given a camera “a little snap” by Mrs Kelly her landlady. This began her interest in photography documenting family life at their “Burnbank” home. Musically, while at Myers she participated in annual performances held at The Kings Hall and the Myer Mural Hall. Working in the basement at Myers she was often embarrassed when her name was called, customers assuming she belonged to the Myer Family. Ken Myer worked in the basement at the same time handling the ‘Wheeler’, a wicker basket used for moving goods around the store. The family philosophy was for the children to start at the bottom and work their way up. Social life Social life in her teenage years was connected also with Scots Presbyterian Church. She attended Sunday School classes and received book prizes for attendance. She loved to read and welcomed the times when she received new book. She took part in the Sunday School Anniversaries and was presented with a Bible from the Superintendent, Henry Robinson for her assistance with the music. Marriage and War years In 1941 Edna married Ernest “Bonnie” Barrie. War in the Pacific was soon to break out. While in Sydney on their honeymoon they met up with Jim Barrie who was on his way to Canada via Hawaii just missing Pearl Harbour by two days. Jim became a Spitfire Pilot and joined the RAF and was based in England. He returned to Australia later in RAAF to fight the Japanese off the coast of New Guinea. The three eldest Barrie brothers were farmers and food producers and were thus except from military service. Edna and Bon were members of the VAOC- Volunteer Air Observers Corp entailing being rostered on duty as plane spotters. The women took shifts during the day and the men at night which involved staying overnight in the Shire Offices. Later the spotting tower was built in the plantation opposite the Post Office. Edna and Bon carried on with this from their home in Ferris Rd when the threat of invasion had ceased Community life Community life in Melton revolved around fund raising events for the Melton Mechanics Institute for the War effort and keeping up with maintenance for the Hall. In 1944 the Minister for Health gave approval for the Shire of Melton to open and Infant Welfare Centre inviting Edna to form part of the Committee with seven other women. In 1948 she was President of Melton Branch of the Victorian Health Centres Association. She volunteered this use of her car driving the person in charge, Sister Smith to visit mothers and their babies. In 1963, along with Betty Jones and Isabel Snell, Edna was instrumental in forming the 1st Melton Cub Pack and later supported the formation of the 1st Melton Scouts. During 1963 – 1968 she completed the Australian Boy Scout Association Cub Pack Preliminary Training and achieved her Wood Badge. Country Women’s Association In 1944-1996 she was a member of the Melton Branch Country Women’s Association (CWA), Melton Branch, Secretary of the Branch in 1945 – 1946 and Branch International Secretary 1970-1971. She worked with choir, music and drama interest groups within the branch attaining both first and second place in 1959, second place in 1952 Exhibition and second in Music in 1960 in the state. She was involved in their handicraft craft events, fund raising and musical events and singing competitions. During the 1950s she trained Trios and Quartets in part singing for the CWA competitions in Ballarat and Melbourne. It was at this time that she developed her skill as a conductor and trainer of choirs. She later auditioned for the Victorian Choir for alto parts believing she would stand a better chance of being chosen, because of her ability to sing in natural harmony. In 1962 she participated in the Tenth Australian Country Women of the World (ACWW) Triennial Conference “Australia Presents: CWA Massed Choir” in the Melbourne Town Hall. This event was recorded by Super Sound Spotlight on 45 extended play vinyl record. The songs were Australian music and words, for example The Silver Stars are in the Sky, The Graceful Swaying Wattle and Kookaburra. Edna continued with her interest in the Victorian Choir regularly meeting at the CWA Headquarters in Toorak for rehearsals. In 1974 she took part in the Australian Choir at the fourteenth Triennial conference of the ACWW Interfaith Service held at the Perth Concert Hall on the 13th of October. Arts and Culture Edna was also in the Choir of 3KZ Carols by Candlelight at the Myer Music Bowl in 1963 and 1964. Melton Choral Society. Edna was Director and Conductor in the 1970s performing at many community events such as Carols by Candle Light, Church Services, Easter and Palm Sunday services, Mothers Union and the 1976 Community Services Week Combined Church Service. The October – November 1978 Program covered the following: songs from the Musicals, Choral and Solo with Narratives, Guest Instrumental Item, Recitation Negro Spirituals and Australian Songs. Her involvement with church choirs included the Scots Presbyterian Church Choir Easter and Christmas performances and the 1967 Centenary Service. In 1980s the Melton Uniting Church Sacred Music Performances included The Crucifixion by Stainer, The Olivet to Calvary and other church Hymns. Edna was Musical Director of the Melton Amateur Theatrical Society and worked on performances in collaboration with Mabel Rogers on script and musical interpretation. Melton and District Historical Society Annual Art and Craft Show. First held in Melton Mechanics Institute Hall in 1973, it later took place in the in the Melton Community Hall. The Art Show was also run in conjunction with other community organizations such as Rotary and Girl Guides. Community history and research Melton streetscape and society Over 20 years commencing in the 1970s, Edna undertook extensive photographing of the changing streetscape of Melton’s High Street. She anticipated the impact of change on the community during the time of Melton’s rapid transition from a small farming district to a large urban community and this led to her extensively document and photograph many of the structures and landscape features of the township that have since been lost. She also meticulously recorded much of the contemporary life of the town and has left a significant legacy of archival material. Melton State School 100 Years Celebration, October 1970 Co-author with Mabel Rogers “The First 100 Years, 1870 – 1970” Assembled a collection of School Class Photograph and identified and compiled lists of names for future school history. She also assembled a photographic display for the 125th anniversary in 1995. Melton and District Historical Society (M&DHS) Foundation Member, 1968 Held President and Secretary positions from its inception Research associated with the classification of Heritage buildings Christ Church Classification C Scots’ Presbyterian Church Classification D Set up the storage and Catalogue system in the Office at the Willows Organised society visits to Heritage sites in and beyond the Shire of Melton, including Stathtulloh, Eynesbury, Deanside, ToolernVale sites including Merrywood (now demolished) Staughton Vale, Chirnside, Point Cook, Shwerkolts Cottage. 1970 – 1983 Melton and District Historical Society Letterhead. Staughton Memorial Light from early newspaper cutting in its location before restoration to present location. Sketch by Wendy Barrie. Designing and printing pamphlets, stationery, and other sale items with Willows title. M&DHS street naming research for new housing developments (1970 – 2000). Collaborated with Mary Tolhurst to research the names of early landowners and pioneer families connected to the first settlers. Researched Aboriginal names for inclusion on lists submitted to developers. An early example is the naming of Kuranjang and the street names associated with the McPherson family. Plains of Promise (Shire of Melton history) by Joan Starr (1985). Edna assisted with Historical Society materials and contributed her own research and photographs. Contacted and organised for Hubert Opperman to launch the book. (She was also present at his last bike ride at Rochester in 1995.) Western Metropolitan Groups of Historical Societies. Member attending meetings and representing Melton, also hosted the Group at Melton The Willows Member of the Committee of Management for the restoration of the “Willows” house the establishment of The Willows Park 1982 March - Official Opening of the Willows Park- Preparation and planning for the event. Involved in the collecting of items in the furnishing of the display rooms in the Willows house. Donated items and furniture from the Myers and Daley family houses. (19th century) Machinery Shed Establishment. Involved with Jeff Robinson in the construction and collection of machinery display Other significant sites Championed and participated in the restoration and preservation significant sites in Melton, including: restoration of the Staughton Memorial Light and its return to its present site restoration of the Pykes Grave (using EW Barrie earthmoving equipment) restoration and reconstruction of Dunvegan restoration and reconstruction of Macs Cottage, the management and Caretakers residence Melton State School War Memorial Gates removed from Unitt Street entrance and relocated to the Willows Park Donated the Barrie family single furrow plough which was standing at the Court House Plaza. It removed and to Council Depot and later missing. The plaque was taken to the Willows. Jimmy Melrose (aviator) cairn restoration at crash site in Melton South Donald Mackintosh (Olympic gold medallist marksman) grave site at the Melton Cemetery (Historical items held by the Myers family collection.) Houdini first flight at Diggers Rest. Edna’s father was shearing at Diggers Rest at the time and witnessed the flight. She attended the 90 year anniversary of the event at the site in 2000. Radio and electronics Edna’s husband Bon interest in wireless communication dates in the 1920s with the building of a crystal set in the early days of public broadcasting. At the Back to Melton Celebrations in 1929, 3AR broadcast a concert from the Melton Mechanics Institute on the 20th February at 8pm featuring Footscray City Band, James Hill baritone, Vera Carew Soprano, James Foran Tenor, Marjorie Myers Piano, and James Williamson Entertainer. Accompanists: Miss Agnes Ross and Mrs James Hill. The Myers children had recordings of their piano playing made onto the aluminium records, Martha Myers’ voice can be heard introducing an item. These were made in a studio in Melbourne. Marjorie was given a upright Gramophone by Donald Mackintosh in recognition of her talent and her contribution to the cultural life of Melton. The family were then able to listen to 78rpm recordings of the famous classical recordings. The turntable was hand wound metal stylus needles had to be regularly replaced. The aluminium disk needed a bamboo needle to prevent damage to the surface. Before electricity was introduced to Melton in 1939 the Mechanics Hall relied on generators to produce electricity. Bon Barrie, being mechanically minded, built a public address system for be used a community functions at the Hall and Recreational Park. By 1939 this was up and running and used for over three decades. A large Collection of 78rpm records provided music for dances, marching, parades and any public event needing music and microphones. The early system was portable and worked on batteries. CFA Radio Communication In the 1950s with the introduction two-way HF and later VHF very high frequency radio sets. Melton Rural Fire Brigade was part of the Bacchus Marsh Group. Radio sets where located in the Melton Fire Truck, and in the house of the Barrie family at Ferris Road. This was an ideal location to observe a 360 degree view in all directions when smoke appeared on the horizon. An antenna was erected beside the house. The set OX 7 was located in the kitchen and monitored 24 hours by the family. When an electrical fire occurred at the junction of the electricity to the house there was time to radio the fire station and summons the men working in the paddocks, thus saving the house from possible destruction. With the introduction of UHF – ultra high frequency Vinten Radios the signal was clearer and static and interference lessened and radio traffic became easier to read, and reduced noise levels in the household. VL3 LY Radio Base became the Group Headquarters was established in 1967. By 1970 the Brigades were: Melton, Rockbank, Sydenham, Toolern Vale, Diggers Rest, Truganina, and Werribee. In 1974 when the family moved to First Avenue, another antenna and a small building were erected adjacent to the residence and used to house the equipment, maps. Radio traffic consisted of regular schedule times and communication with adjoining groups of brigades such as Bacchus Marsh, Mt Macedon and Little River Groups. Many of the brigade and group base radios were situated in private residences and operated primarily by fire fighters wives who held the position of Communications Officer, either registered as a brigade member or informally. Edna was never registered as an operational brigade member but operated informally as an assistant to her husband Bon. She was however a member of the Melton Fire Brigade Ladies Auxiliary from its inception in 1968, a non-operational position. Edna kept up to date with radio procedure following the 1967 handbook; preparing maps, plotting compass points and taking notes on weather forecasts from the SA Border and Western District. Daily notes were taken in anticipation of fire warnings. These log books and daily radio traffic were incidental to the regular radio schedules. Emergency turnouts noted, burning off times and predicted location of smoke. In the summer fire season all TBF (total fire ban days were recorded.) In times of emergency the Barrie family assisted Bon the base radio operator to plot the position and location of fire trucks and to help clarify garbled radio traffic, keep notes and make telephone calls. These log books are held in the EE and EW Family Archive. Melton Uniting Church Edna founded the Church Opportunity with Maisie Robinson in 1975 in the Melton South Methodist Church building. Methodist and Presbyterian Churches of Melton had combined severing their long held connection with Bacchus Marsh. A Manse had been recently built for the Melton Minister. At a Parish Committee meeting at the Melton South Church it was suggested to use the building as an Opportunity Shop. It opened in July 1975, and it raised $1,600 contribution to the church budget in 1976. In 1977 The Uniting Church in Australia was formed and the Melton South Uniting Church Opportunity shop continued to go from strength to strength expanding the buildings providing the welfare needs of the community. Archive Set up by Edna Catalogued items dating from 1857 Minute Book and set ongoing system and storage of items of heritage. Melton Un Awards and recognition of service to the Melton community Rotary Award for Community Service, 1980 Victoria 150th Anniversary Celebrations contributions, 1985 Life Membership of the Melton and District Historical Society (M&DHS), 1989 Extra-Ordinary Contribution for years of service to M&DHS, 1992 Long Service for Exceptional Service MD&HS, 1993 Royal Historical Society of Victoria Award of Merit, 1997 Shire of Melton Certificate of Appreciation for continued support and dedication as a member of MD&HS to the preservation of Melton’s History, 1998 Centenary of Federation Peoplescape (Canberra) Melton Shire nomination, 2001 Uniting Church Melton Life Membership of the Opportunity Shop Uniting Church in Australia Commission for Mission for 30 years of hard work and dedications to the Uniting Church, 2007 Uniting Church Adult Fellowship Certificate appreciation in recognition of valuable support through the “Sammy” Stamp Fund Neighbourhood Watch 5 year award Photographs of Edna at different ageslocal identities

The Eureka Stockade was fought on the Eureka Lead, Ballarat East on 03 December 1854. Keith Rash was a signwriter who learnt his trade at the Ballarat School of Mines. He was very interested in local history and wrote articles for the local newspapers. The clippings on Eureka would have been used to inform his articles, and research on the site of the Eureka Stockade. Ken Clements was former Academic Registrar at Ballarat College of Advanced Education (now University of Ballarat). He was a committee member of the Eureka Stockade Memorial Park Committee for a number of years. Dr Dorothy Wickham has researched Eureka over a number of decades, and has published a number of titles on the topic. Clare Gervasoni has researched Eureka over a number of decades, and has published a number of titles on the topic, including coordination of www.Eurekapedia.org for Ballarat Reform League Inc. Three white A4 folders of newspaper clippings dating from 1923 to 2012. The clippings are in chronological order. The clippings were collected by Keith Rash, and were later supplemented by clippings collected by Ken Clements. Further clippings collected by Dorothy Wickham, mainly around the 1990s were inserted throughout the folders in chronological order, as well as later clippings by Clare Gervasoni .1) Folder One - Eureka Cuttings 1923 - 1984 * Courier 05/05/1923 - Eureka Progress Association (W. Groves, Stockader Phillips of Rocky Lead, Stockader Wilson, G. Lakeland, Eureka Hall.) * Courier 10.08.1931 - Banquet at Eureka - Progress Association's Annual Meeting (McGregor, Parsons, W.J. McAdam, 75th anniversary. Elsworth, Kent, Robert McGregor) *Courier 11/08/1932 - Eureka Reserve - Committee Annual Social. (E. Parsons, C.C. Phillips, D.C. McGrath, T.T. Hollway, Bolster, Mackenzie, Mares, Hendy) * Courier 07/07/1939 - Eureka Improvement Committee, Eureka Reserve * Courier 04/12/1950 - Australian Democracy Was Born at Eureka * Courier 04/09/1951 - Council Seeks Development of Eureka Land - potential housing Commission development on site of Last Chance Mine. (J. Welsh). * Ballarat Courier 12/1952 - Few Remembered Eureka Affair (98th anniversary, A.W. Nicholson, C.E. Brown, L. O'Brien, R. Joshua, Soldiers' Memorial Band) * Courier 07/12/1953 - Few Commemorated the Affair at Eureka - 99th anniversary at the Stockade reserve (F.J. Cutts, L. O'Brien, R. Joshua, Peter Lalor, C.E. Brown. * Courier 14/04/1954 - Eureka Centenary - meeting to determine form of commemoration. * Courier 15/04/1954 - Getting ready - Centenary celebrations (Picture of Diggers Memorial, F.J. Cutts, C. Mott). * Courier 15/04/1954 - Eureka Centenary Planned (F.J. Cutts, Geoffrey Searle, Edgar Bartrop, G. Swenson, B. Parsons, T.E. Carter, M. Collins, Mrs L.M. Quinlan, Grenville, Eureka Progress Association, Arthur Jones, E.J. Crimmins, Bernard D'Arcy, A.W. [Bert] Strange). * Guardian 25/11/1954 - Diary of a Eureka Stockader [signed RDW] (Bentley, Fletcher, McIntyre, Westerby, Ballarat Reform League, monster meeting, Bakery Hill, Charles Hotham) * Argus 04/12/1954 - Eureka Day Marred by Storm (image of Bert O'Toole in Red Coat uniform, Peter Lalor Statue, A.C. Pittard, F.J. Cutts, Bernard D'Arcy, L. Moyle, Catherine Smith, wounded, death, Eureka Celebrations, anniversary, John Cain *Age Literary Supplement, 04/12/1954 - The motives that prompted the tragic Eureka rising . (image of Charles Hotham, government troops attack, Eureka Stockade Monument) 1851 discovery of gold in Victoria, centenary of Eureka Stockade, author MM, Governor Latrobe, law abiding nature of most miners, most miners were British but other nationalities represented, miners former occupations were varied, many did not "strike it rich", by 1853 the earnings of most diggers had fallen very low, 30/- licence fee, digger hunts, cries of "Joe" or "The Traps", 5 pound fine or 6 month imprisonment for not carrying Licence, La Trobe had hired ex-convicts as police, Governor Charles Hotham 1854, Bentlys Hotel, Commissioner Rede, miners leader Peter Lalor, Carboni Raffaello, Press warning by "Age", Ballarat Reform League, November 29 diggers meeting, licences burned, November 30 licence hunt, new flag and Southern Cross oath, the Stockade, revolution ?, Stockade Garrison, December 3 1854, the battle, 125 prisoners, 13 charged with high treason, all prisoners acquitted, Lalor and Vern into hiding, 'democratic revolution' or 'undisguised rebellion' ? , Miner's Right, Chartist ideas involved, Lalor became a member of Victorian parliament, Eureka monument inscription, little revolutionary significance. * The Argus 06/12/1954 - 100th Eureka Day ( [ Images - bearded miners, Bert O'Toole, simulated battle, red coats] battle tableau, Centenary celebrations. Mr Cain Premier, Spirit of Eureka). * Ballarat Courier 22/04/1961 Attack on the Paint ( [Image - Eureka Monument Guns] vandals). * Ballarat Courier 13/09/1962 - Little-Known Aspects of Eureka Affair (E.J. Crimmins and the 109th Eureka Anniversary); Eureka Drilling (Photo of M. Milligan drilling for water for the Eureka Pool) * Ballarat Courier 10/12/1963 - Eureka Relics in Public Display (Trev Negri), Little-known aspects of the Eureka affair (E J Crimmins, 13 State prisoners, Creswick men, M Greville), Eureka Request (Apex explanatory notice). * Ballarat Courier 12/05/1964 - Plaque to tell Eureka Story (Apex donation on monument). * Ballarat Courier 09/06/1964 - Permission is sought (re Eureka Reserve small Hall). * Ballarat Courier 28/08/ 1964 - Eureka should be much better attraction (Mayor Cr Webb, Rotary). * No Chlorination at Stockade Pool 24/08/1964 (A Jones secretary) * Ballarat Courier 10/10/1964 - Assurance given on Eureka Swimming Pool (Murray Byrne MLC, Bill Stephen MLA, pool plans [Images - Photo of Jones, Stephen Byrne - diagram of Eureka reserve swimming pools, caravan park, monument area] ) * Ballarat Courier 23/06/1964 - Pool plans ready for tenders MLA (Black Hill) * Ballarat Courier 26/11/1966 - Eureka: Was that clash in 1854 inevitable ? ([Image - Monument, Peter Lalor statue], by J J Sheehan, foreigners, Chartists, poorly armed. * 03/12/1966 Part 2 - Eureka: No plan by the Diggers to Attack, by j j Sheehan ([Images - Eureka collection, W C Colbourne and G Brookes with old rifle] Corrupt, Instructed, Withers' view, The last hunt, Police spies). * Ballarat Courier 19/12/1968 - Eureka commemoration definite next year,1854 - (Connolly Association, 3 December, 'Finest thing in Australasian history', few attending, L O'Brien, public apathy, A Williams, successful 1954 centenary, W. Roff, Eureka Progress Association) * 23/11/67 - Eureka and Miners' rights (G P Ryan letter, no representation, excessive licence system, offensive administration.brutality, Gov Hotham, barricade on Eureka lead, Miners' Rights replaced Licences but now worthless, mining monopolies, democracy). * Eureka Flag Ceremony (L O'Brien, false report, revive annual Eureka service). * Ballarat Courier 12/05/1867 Questions of Eureka (W Thompson letter, why military names on monument ? Why mount irrelevant cannons on monument ? Where is the flag ?). Lalor's refuge (between Bungaree and Bullarook ?, Fr t Linane ). Building linked with Ballarat (at French end of Collins Street Melbourne, Sir Robert Nickle, relief march to Ballarat, historian E Moorhead, 40th regiment link ). * Ballarat Courier 08/01/1968 - Too little history at Eureka says Visitor (Image - Eureka monument, Mrs L Riley, frequent complaint, B McOrist, proposed Stockade model). * Ballarat Courier c 1968 - Gallery Eureka flag may be the original (Cr W Roff, at Ballarat Art Gallery, fraud ?, matching pieces). * Ballarat Courier 11/04/1968 Pool of reflection ([Image - Eureka pool and willows], near full again). * Ballarat Courier 20/08/1968 - Eureka Reserve (Rotary Clubs' proposed project). *Ballarat Courier 05/10/1968 - Picturesque Willows ([Image- willows in good condition at Eureka Stockade]). * Ballarat Courier, November 1968 - Eureka Ceremony will be Revived (Eureka Progress Association to revive Eureka Commemoration at the site, Connolly Association Australia, J. Garvey, A. Jones) [Photo of L. O'Brien, A, Jones, R.A. Mitchell, Jim Styker and Alan Mills *Ballarat Courier 15/11/1968 - Walkathon for Stockade Diorama (planned life-size Diorama at Stockade depicting the Eureka riot, Rotary Cup walkathon fundraiser. *Ballarat Courier 26/11/1968 - Discussing plans ([Image - Les O'Brien, Arthur Jones, Alan Mills et al], memorial service Sunday). * Ballarat Courier 26/11/1968 - Eureka ceremony will be revived (four year lapse, Connolly Association, Eureka Progress Association) * Ballarat Courier 02/12/1968 - 500 attend Eureka ceremony (114th commemoration, on island in Lake, Mayor Cr M J Brown, speaker Mr Dudley Erwin MLA, significance to Australia, Connolly Association morning ceremony, Bernie Nolan, W Hartley). * Courier 1969 - Letters to the editor - Peter Lalor's Grave, Losing Places of Beauty loss of verandahs, Eureka Stockade Caravan Park, Eureka Swimming Pool), Ireland's Dilemma (Catholic Church), Small Group in "Affair" (F.R. Muller) * Courier 22/04/1969 - $7000 grant for Eureka Diorama (Sir Henry Bolte approves grant, $2 for $1, Rotary walkathon basis, City Council interest, Diorama details, information about Eureka for public, Eureka Park Sovereign Hill and Montrose cottage combination). * Courier 21/08/1969 - Mayor turns sod at Diorama site ([Image- Mayor Cr M J Brown et al], life size representation of stockade scene, Mr W F Stephen MLA). * Courier 06/12/1969 - The 'affair at Eureka' ([Image- Diorama] Few remembered anniversary of bid for democratic Government in 1850s, Mayor Cr Alec Mills, Murray Byrne, Colonial secretary J Foster resignation, reforms, hostility, unpopular, end of era). * Courier mixed 1969 - City link with Eureka Stockade threatened, - Eureka signposts [Diggers Memorial, Soldiers Memorial], - Eureka Anniversary - Souvenir of Eureka (William Cowland's pistol). * Courier :/05/1970 - Fascinated ([Image- children at near completed Diorama]). * Courier 10/08/1970 - Mayor opens Eureka Diorama ([Image- Diorama scene of 3 December 1854 battle], Mayor Cr A E Mills, Rotarians, Eric Pearce voice tape recording). * Courier 08/08/1970 - Eureka Diorama should be Popular-Rotarian ([Image- Diorama shed], City's new drawcard, Diorama Opening para and advert). * Courier 12/09/1970 - The Quick change Eureka Stockade ([Image- Eureka Stockade Hotel], was Australia Felix Hotel, Mr Kevin Worthington). * Courier 22/09/1970 - Missing golden opportunities (message unheeded, American tourists misled, bewildered tourists). * Courier 20/10/1970 - Ballarat's monument to vandalism ? (Ballarat, Wendouree and South Rotary clubs' pride: Eureka Diorama, joy and heartaches, vandalism damage, thoughtless and vicious). * Courier 20/10/1970 - Marked for demolition ([Image- Ballarat east railyard] troops path to Eureka stockade). * Courier 20/10/1970 - Diorama sound system target for vandals ([Image- Jack Redman removing foreign material from diorama starting mechanism). * Courier 03/11/1970 - Record Good but Facts are Wrong ([Image- depiction of Eureka scene], article by Paul Hughes, RCA LP record based on musical play re Eureka Stockade, errors) * Courier 11/03/1970 - Diorama for Eureka Stockade ([Images- view of park, view of diorama]). * Courier 4/12/1970 - Anniversary of Eureka uprising ([Images- Southern Cross flag over Montrose cottage, R Fenton and V Demedeze], 107th anniversary, Scouts Eureka re-enactment, Diggers didn't mind delay). * Courier 16/04/1971 - Lake disappearing ([Image- Lake Elsworth being filled], Olympic standard pool planned for same site). * Courier 31/07/1971 - Birthplace of Peter Lalor ([Image- 211 year old Lalor home in Ireland], Eureka Stockade (park) name change to Eureka Stockade Memorial Park (in Sept. 1972). * Courier 01/02/1971 Eureka Stockade Gardens - ([Images- Gardens near Caretakers Cottage, Miss J Hetherington and begonias in Eureka Stockade hothouse). * Courier 11/1971 - Eureka Grant (for toilet block in Eureka Caravan Park), Ancestor Died in Stockade Battle (William Clifton), $93,887 Tender for Eureka Pool) * Courier 10/12/1971 - Eureka FILM 'iMMORAL' ( Erwin's attack, DUDLEY ERWIN MP, suggested cuts). * Courier 21/02/1972 - It is not a subsidy (says Stockade Director, re film, Added bonus, also Descendant upset- letter from Peter A Lalor re film content). * Ballarat Courier 31/10/1973 - Eureka Stockade a National Shrine, (Editorial , Minister Grassby's support) - Eureka 'Shrine of our History', (Grassby's pledge). * Ballarat Courier 14/02/1973, - $1000 Grant for Eureka Flag (from State government to Ballarat Art Gallery, Bill Stephen MLA, Murray Byrne Minister for Tourism). * Ballarat Courier 26/05/1973, - Eureka Flag Restored (by Val D'Angri, Peter Lalor details, [Images- Val at work on flag, painting of 1854 Ballarat]). * Ballarat Courier 26/10/1973 - Taking another look at Eureka (Editorial, historical and social significance of Eureka Stockade, Neighbour attractions, Thinking BIG), and Editorial report, Put up the Stockade again - and a Monorail ? * Ballarat Courier 31/10/1973 - Eureka Stockade a National Shrine (Minister's support) * Ballarat Courier October 1973 - Eureka a 'Shrine of our History' (Grassby's pledge, Alex Barnett's plans for Eureka Stockade ). * Ballarat Courier 03/11/1973, - Build Eureka into a tourist drawcard ,(Challenge to Clubs. W H McGregor; Ceremony, Tram Link, the "Iceberg"). * Ballarat Courier 08/11/1973, - Grassby to get Eureka Plans - (from Alex Barnett). * Ballarat Courier 29/11/1973, - Memorial Plans with Town Hall (Architect plans also sent to Mr Grassby). * Ballarat Courier 13/11/1973, - Prime Minister will unveil Eureka Flag [Image - Erecting Flag frame at Ballarat Art gallery, Val D'Angri]. * Ballarat Courier 14/11/1973, - What plan for the Eureka memorial ? (Public entitled to know, National concept) and (Eureka Upgrading). * Ballarat Courier 24/11/1973, - Connolly Opposition to Eureka Proposals (Association protests about limited support for commemoration of Eureka) and (Gallery search for Lalor descendant). *Ballarat Courier 24/11/1973, - The Affair at Eureka (Part one by J J Sheehan) [Images -Jones' Circus tent, and Stockade location, also Peter Lalor photo, also artist's impression of the 13 men on trial]. Part 2 )3/11/1973 (Eureka Diorama) * Ballarat Courier 01/12/1973, - Grassby to see Eureka Plan on Site [Image- Architect's sketch of proposed $450,000 Museum building]. *Ballarat Courier 01/12/1973, - The Affair at Eureka (The fight for justice, concluding J J Sheehan series), [Images - painting of fight, and the supposed site of the Stockade]. * Ballarat Courier 02/12/1973, Victorian Treasures at Art Gallery (Eureka Flag and "Moonrise exhibition), [Image - J Nicholson cleaning 'Peter Lalor' portrait]. * Ballarat Courier 03/12/1973, - The Events Which led up to Eureka (Licence contentions,the perceived need for fortification around the workings at the Eureka lead, the death of James Scobie, the burning of Bentley's Hotel, the conviction of three miners on 20 November, arrival of armed soldiers at the Camp. Also Raffaello observations, and advert for public viewing of Eureka Flag. [Image - Diggers and Soldiers names on Eureka Monument]. * Ballarat Courier 03/12/1973, - The past celebrated but what of the future ? (119th anniversary of the Eureka Stockade uprising, but current politicians are under close scrutiny) * Ballarat Courier 03/12/1973, - Teacher-Politician is behind Eureka story (J J Sheehan profile). *Ballarat Courier 04/12/1973 - A Noteworthy Day in Ballarat - (Prime Minister Whitlam unveiled the famous Eureka Flag at the Art gallery). * Ballarat Courier 04/12/1973, - Newcomers told about migrants at Eureka (migrants from >20 countries, comradeship after battle and defeat, new nation in peace and tranquility. Minister for Immigration Mr Al Grassby at Sovereign Hill. Liberties. A Shrine. [Image- Al Grassby and newly arrived migrants at Sovereign Hill]. *Ballarat Courier 04/12/1973, - Grassby leads colorful Eureka commemoration (cheering school children, flag, wreath, World Fame for Eureka affair, boy's coach trip, two sides to Eureka battle.) [Image- Mr Grassby and group of children]. (National day proposed by Mr Grassby). * Ballarat Courier 04/12/1973, Eureka as National Monument (PM commends stockade plan, Mr Whitlam on Eureka commemoration day supports plans to make Eureka Stockade a national monument. Flag saved and restored, TV hitch. New Australian anthem needed to match the 'new nationalism'. [Image - Gough Whitlam and group at flag presentation and unfurling ceremony.] * Ballarat Courier 04/12/1973, - Eureka ! It's Digger Al (Al Grassby at 119th anniversary of the Eureka Stockade rebellion). [Images - scenes of Al Grassby at Sovereign Hill]. * Ballarat Courier 05/12/1973, - Talk, But No Cash: Stephen (Mr Bill Stephen MLA comments on visit by Whitlam and Grassby). - Eureka Flag Australia's most valuable relic: PM (Gough Whitlam report to Federal Parliament yesterday, Hospitality from Mr Dudley Erwin) * Ballarat Courier 10/12/1973, - Flag restorer stitched her way into history (Val D"Angri has stitched her way into Australian History as the person who restored the Eureka Flag. [Image - Mrs Val D'Angri, Eureka Flag needlewoman ]. * Ballarat Courier, 1974 - Location of the Eureka Stockade (Bert Strange), Misplaced Stockade (Maurice Calnin, T.C. Cleary, diary), Stockade Site (Bob O'Brien), Eureka Flag Stolen (John Shannon) *Ballarat Courier 6 May 1974, - Committee formed for $1.25 M. Eureka Project - ( a permanent memorial). *Ballarat Courier 6 May 1974, - Federal Govt Aid likely for Eureka (Federal Labor Government wants Eureka Stockade site to be a major tourist attraction, Eureka booklet proposed). *Ballarat Courier 10 May 1974, - Peter Lalor Stories Interest Society (Ballarat Historical Society seeks reports of Peter Lalor during escape after the Eureka affair). Also Eureka Shrine, The Eureka 'affair', Eureka film premier. * 29/07/1974 - Eureka Memorial Plans Need Full Support (Eureka Stockade Association) * Ballarat Courier 11/5/1974 and 6/6/1974 - Stockade Site (Rob O'Brien, Eureka Interesting Story * Ballarat Courier 30/01/1974 - Eureka Remembered in Italy (Al Grasby, Raffaello Carboni, Urbino); Eureka Memorial on Way (Eureka Stockade Association) {photo of Gordon Cornell, Alec Barnett, Bruce Bartrop] * Ballarat Courier, May 1974 and 11 May 1974 - Location of the Eureka Stockade (Bert Strange); Stockade Site (Bob O'Brien) * [Ballarat Courier?] 10/07/1979 - City's Oldest Memorial is Over Diggers' Graves. (An article on the grave over the diggers who were killed as a result of the Eureka Stockade battle which was erected on 22 March 1856. .2) Folder Two- Eureka Cuttings c1980-2004 Ballarat Courier ~9/1980, - First-hand account of hardship omitted (Frank Titan letter re Tom Evans' use of selected evidence in his proclamation that democracy was not born at Eureka Stockade. "Democracy was won at the Stockade on 3/12/1854. [Cartoon 'A beach view of the Eureka Flag debate']. Ballarat News ~1980, Names (Diggers & Troopers) of deceased on Eureka Stockade Monument. [Photo of white marble tablet] Ballarat Courier 4 July 1981, Eureka Papers Gift to City, Peter Lalor letters, Stephen Cumming diary. [Photo - Town Clerk Ian Smith, Cr Jessie Scott and donor Bruce Evans]. * The Sun Travel Supplement, 06 April 1984 - A Bloody Moment Re-visited by Alec Hepburn - (Diorama, Eureka Stockade Replica, Montrose Cottage) [Image of Gerard Rushforth to the reconstruction of the Eureka Stockade * Ballarat Courier, 10/04/1984 - Eureka Incident 'an uprising of the scum of goldfields. [photo of John Callinan with the Diggers Grave monument] * The Age, 06/05/1987 - Eureka! Man found whose father was there by John Lahey (Article on Terence Brady, who was a 4 month old baby at the Eureka Stockade battle. * Ballarat Courier 13 June 1984, 'Eureka Stockade'.....a Panning, (American critic J J O'Connor pans the Australian TV Mini-series. Book 2 - C1990-2004 * Ballarat Courier ~1990,- High-calibre Restoration, (World War I German Howitzer being restored after about 70 years exposure in the Eureka Stockade Memorial Park). [Photo of wheeled Gun, and article by author Peter Butters]. * Ballarat Courier, ~1990, A Changing Track to Eureka, a 'Room for a View' article by Alex Barnett OAM. (comment about the Stockade site and the tracks leading to it). [Photo of painting by Charles Doudiet depicting the diggers swearing allegiance to the southern Cross on 1 December 1854]. * Ballarat News 22 March 1990 - Eureka Troopers Slept Here (article on the Werribee Hunt Hotel, near the Ballarat Gold Course, where troopers slept and watered their horses on the way to Ballarat in 1854. [photograph of the hotel] * Ballarat Courier, 23 August 1991 - Eureka relics Return to Ballarat by Gemma Daley. Items acquired by Sovereign Hill - including a Ground plan of James Bentley's Eureka Hotel, autographed statement by Michael Carroll. (photograph of Peter Hiscock holding a set of percussion pistols, the Plan of the Eureka Hotel] * 30 November 1992 - Ballarat Courier 'Hayden Pays a Visit' by Julia Balderstone (Article on the visit of Governor-General Bill Hayden to Ballarat, the launch of Bob O'Brien's book 'Massacre at Eureka: The untold Story' ) [Photographs of Bill Hayden, Mayor James Coglan, Sovereign Hill, Bob O'Brien) * Ballarat Courier 03 December 1994 - Awareness grows of flag's meaning by Lorrie Brown (article on the Ballarat Trades Hall replica of the Eureka Flag. The replica flag was made by the then Trades Hall caretaker Tom Ellis. The replica flag was used in a Trades Hall march in 1945 and then disappeared until the mid 1980s (Image of David Miller nad Graeme Shearer in front of the flag.) Verso - Robert and Pamela Sublet and their link to the Eureka Stockade via their ancestor Charles Sublet de Bourgy and the site of the Eureka Stockade. * 04 May 1996 Ballarat Courier Saturday Magazine Extra 'Our Next Flag?' by Gabrielle Hodson (An article on the Australian Flag and the Eureka Flag with interview with Gayle Hart (Ballarat Fine Art Gallery) * Ballarat Courier, 15 February 1995 - 'Knockers' Harming the Story of Eureka - an opinion piece by Lewis L. Gay (descendant of William Gay) * Ballarat Courier, 10 July 1996 - Facts, not our bias, are Eureka's basis, an opinion piece by Tom Evans * Ballarat Courier 03 September 1996 - Tell Warts and All of Eureka by Weston Bate (image of Weston Bate) * The Age, 21 December 1996 - Mining a rich vein of passion by Mary Ryllis Clark (Eureka overview with information on Charles Doudiet). * Ballarat Courier, 07 July 1997 - Eureka Flag Row (Sale by auction of Eureka Flag piece held by Lex McClintock - associated with Communist Party and Evelyn Shaw) [Photo of Anne Beggs Sunter beside the Eureka Flag] * Ballarat Courier, 02 August 1997; images of the Eureka sail on the Eureka centre from different locations. * Ballarat Courier 23 October 1997, Eureka Stockade Centre Agreement is signed, (Sovereign Hill to manage new Eureka Centre). [p 1 Photo Doug Sarah, Janet Dore, James Coghlan, Peter Tobin, and Peter Hiscock at table; p 2 photo of new Eureka Centre and reference to 21 year management agreement between City of Ballarat and Sovereign Hill Museums Association. * Ballarat Courier 23 October 1997, 'A Handsome Addition to our Heritage Assets' [Plan of Bentley's Eureka Hotel ason 17 October 1854 it was when it burned ] * Ballarat Courier 03 November 1997 - Different Eureka Flag. Letter to the editor from A.D. Glasson. * * Ballarat Courier 23 October 1997, 'Did Eureka Claim the Drummer Boy' Dorothy Wickham prooves the Drummer Boy of the 12 Regiment. John Egan. did not die in the events leading to the Eureka Stockade. * Ballarat Courier ~1998, - Alex and Audrey thanked, (Total of 90 years work for Eureka Stockade Memorial Park Committee recognised), [Photo of Gordon Taite, Alex Barnett and John Barnes. * Ballarat Couruer, 04 February 1998 - Exciting Eureka Flag Find in UK by Stuart Howie. (Eureka Flag held in the Suffold Military Museum) [Jan Penney holds with a Eureka centre logo.] * Ballarat Courier 23 February 1998, Eureka Centre almost ready, (Workers adding finishing touches, description of $4m Centre by Manager Jan Penney). [Photo of new Eureka Centre, Mothers Art figures, Jan Penney, stage coach, Trooper John King]. [Photo Dorothy Wickham an d Governement Camp] * Ballarat Courier 23 February 1998, Forging links with Irish (Article by Leanne Keem on visitors from County Wicklow, 1798 Rebellion, convicts, Wicklow Historic Gaol.) [Photograph at Sovereign Hill of Joan Kavanagh, Pat Vance, Balise Treacy) * Ballarat Courier 28 March 1998, On to Camp Street, Premier urges at Eureka opening, (Comments by Mr Kennett about Eureka and the Ballarat community). [Various photos and paras about participants and about the Centre]. * Ballarat Courier 28 March 1998, EUREKA CENTRE SETS FULL SAIL, (celebration of launch of new centre by Premier Jeff Kennett). [Cartoon re Red Carpet and flag pieces]. * Ballarat Courier 17 November 1998, National Eureka Day idea 'could boost city' (Mayor Judy Verlin) * Ballarat Courier 28 November 1998, - MP backs Eureka Sunday, (Michael Ronaldson supports idea of a national Eureka Sunday to recognise Eureka's significance). [Photo of Michael Ronaldson MHR]. * Ballarat Courier 1/12/1998, - Red Eureka flag symbolic for anniversary, (red spotlight on giant Eureka flag model above the new Eureka Centre for 144th anniversary week, and outline of displays in Centre by manager Dr Jan Penny). [Photos - red 'Eureka Flag' on new Stockade Centre, and cartoon re 'tomato sauce']. * Ballarat Courier 2/12/1998, - Eureka enthusiast hopes for national day of celebration, (Jack Harvey expresses his hope that 'Eureka Day' might replace 'Australia Day' as our national day for celebration of anniversary of the formation of Australia, especially if Australia becomes a republic. History of the Dawn Walk in a list). [Cartoon re Eureka Walk Backpacker]. * The News 2/12/1998 - Lanterns to Light Path on Eureka Walk by Toni Lea-Howie - Dawn walk, lanterns, Jack Harvey, * Ballarat Courier 3/12/1998,- Marching the light fantastic, (Lighting the way, lanterns being prepared at Mining Exchange under direction of maker Graeme Dunstan in readiness for Sunday dawn walk, and other details of the Sunday program). [Photo of Belinda Dyer and Michael McTigue with several lanterns and a Eureka flag in the background]. * Ballarat Courier 4/12/1898, - Old trash reveals gold rush lifestyle , (display of artefacts dug from ground before new Eureka Centre built, Dr Jan Penny spoke, Minister Rob Maclellan launched the display, Cr James Coghlan announced the formation of the Eureka Stockaders support group with Peter Tobin and Alex Barnett as Life Members, article by Diane Squires. [Photo of Robert Maclellan and Gael Shannon with archaeological artefacts]. * Ballarat Courier 04/12/1998 'Many Behind New Eureka Centre' by Paul Murphy. (An article about the origins of the Eureka Stockade centre through the eyes of Paul Murphy, Executive Office of Eureka's Children. It includes the 1988 Bicentennial Eureka celebrations, Eureka Commemorative Society, Peter Tobin, Eureka Stockade Memorial Trust) Also inclides a letter from Bob O'Biren on the Origins of the Eureka Flag. * Ballarat Courier 5/12/1998, - Eureka walk revisits past , (Lantern bearers in a dawn walk will follow path taken in 1854 by troops as they marched to the Eureka Stockade, article by Rohan Wade). [Photo of Wayne Parker and Peter Freund discussing the internet recording of the dawn walk]. * Ballarat News 06/12/1995 - Lest we forget the fallen at Eureka by Peter Butters (William Westgarth, Captain Wise, Charles Rich, coffins, Bakery Hill meeting, Eureka monument, James Scobie, George Scobie. * Ballarat Courier 7/12/1998, - DAWN HOMAGE TO EUREKA HEROES, (300 take part in Dawn Walk, organiser Margaret Rich describes the community response and participation as fabulous and thanked Ballarat Fine Art Gallery for underwriting this years event). [Photo of dawn walkers on way to Eureka Stockade on Sunday, and photo of walk Leader Jack Harvey]. * Ballarat Courier 7/12/1998, - Walk sees the dawn of a national day, (3.30am marshalling of dawn walkers at Mining Exchange building by leader Jack Harvey and lantern maker Graeme Dunstan was spectacular; at the Eureka monument Don Chip addressed the large gathering on the significance of Eureka, Big turnout draws praise from Dore, Gallery echoes stirring oath).[Photo of Jack Harvey, Janet Dore, and Margaret Rich, Photo of Evelyn Healy, Cartoon re Ho Ho Ho ]. * Ballarat Courier 7/12/1998, - Miners were fighting for a fair go : Chipp, (Stirring Eureka address by Democrats founder Don Chipp,University lecturer Jack Harvey shares his passion, Walk invite for Jeff Kennett). [Photos of Don Chipp, Phil Cleary,Tobi and Chris Kelly, and other dawn walkers]. * Ballarat Courier 8/12/1998, - Eureka day just not for historians , (Editorial re inaugural National Eureka Sunday with comments about the program and the participation of many who are not historians). * Ballarat Courier 8/12/1998, - 'Children' threaten Eureka walk, (Paul Murphy declares that 'Eureka's Children' group would disrupt next years National Eureka Day Dawn Walk unless group criticisms of the 1998 program are heeded and changes made. Janet Dore states that Council noted advice from several community groups in setting the program). [Photo of 1998 dawn walkers]. * Ballarat Courier 9/12/1998, - Donors vital part of Eureka centre, (Dr Jan Penney, Manager of the Eureka Centre, praised donors towards cost of the Centre and the exhibits in contradiction of an article by Paul Murphy of 'Eureka's Children' group). [Photo of Dr Jan Penney]. * Ballarat Courier 9/12/1998, - Dawn Walk will continue to grow , (Editorial comment on Paul Murphy's criticism of the recent commemoration of Eureka Day including the date, the march, and use of the southern cross). * Ballarat Courier 9/12/1998, - People and Places: Eureka Dawn Walk [photographs of Dawn Walk participants, including Don Chipp and Jack Harvery * Ballarat Courier 17/12/1998, - Spirit of cooperation set up Eureka centre , (City of Ballarat chief executive officer Janet Dore gives the council's point of view on the story behind the Eureka Stockade centre, perhaps prompted by Paul Murphy's recent statements, : many individuals have participated cooperatively, the state and federal governments have cooperated as have the Eureka Stockade Memorial Trust Committee, the Eureka Project Special Committee, the Centre Historic Contents sub-committee, the Eureka's Children group, community donors, the Eureka Stockade Advisory Committee, and the Sovereign Hill Museums Association). [Photos of the Eureka Stockade centre, and Janet Dore]. * Ballarat Courier 13/2/1999, - Leaky Eureka Centre leaves visitors out in cold, (Leaky ceiling leads to closure of Eureka Stockade Centre at about 2.30pm yesterday after extremely high rainfall despite much work done on earthen wall after earlier trouble). [Photo of Dr Jan Penny in the Centre Cafe and a bucket catching water]. * Melbourne Weekly, 1-7 March 1999 - Ballarat's Eureka Stockade (overview of the Eureka Stockade centre, archaeology) [Photo of Eureka sail on the Eureka Stockade centre] * Sunday Age 7/11/1999, - Maintaining the Eureka rage, (Paul Heinrichs meets the heirs of Australia's first republicans; discussion of republican pressures and other community views in relation to the Eureka rebellion, assuming Paul H is the author of the article). [Photo of Veterans of the Eureka rebellion at a reunion in 1904 and photo of 'Eureka's Children' Robert Dublet. John Ireland, Christine Gillespie and Paul Murphy unfurling a Eureka flag at the Old Melbourne Gaol - cross purposes ?] * Family Salutes a Link with History by Tony Wright (John King descendants) [Owen and John King hold a Eureka Flag] * Eureka Children Claim Historic Flag Was Stolen by Rohan Wade (contends Eureka Flag was unlawfully removed from the Eureka Stockade. * The Making of a Eureka Myth by Tom Evans (too much emphasis on the role of Eureka in the move to Australian Independence) * Ballarat Courier, 06/12/1999 - Brave Terrier's Statue Unveiled by Peter Litras (Article about the statue to the Pikeman's Dog which was unveiled at the Eureka Stockade Centre by Victorian Premier, Steve Bracks. * Ballarat Courier 03/12/1999 - Streets to Light Up on Eureka Sunday (Article on the Eureka Dawn Walk and lanterns. The walk was attended by Irish Ambassador Richard O'Brien , and Federal Senator for Victoria Tsebin Tchen). * Ballarat Courier 1/2/2000, - Eureka myths, (Tom Evans, historian and former member of parliament, writes we should be wary of large claims about the significance of Eureka in the development of the Australian spirit). [Photo of Eureka/an artists impression, and photo of Historian Tom Evans]. * Ballarat Courier ~March 2000, - Monument to Eureka, (Peter Butters discusses the Eureka monument in relation to ecology of the Stockade reserve with particular reference to tree removal). [Photo of early view of Eureka monument]. * Ballarat courier 30 April 2000, - Eureka Stockade work a family tradition (Alex Barnett comments on his recent award of an OAM), [photo of Alex Barnett and new Eureka Centre]. * Ballarat Courier 13 May 2000, - In Retrospect (para 3 re 'Mrs Anne Franks'). * Balalrat Courier 18/07/2000 - Eureka Group Wants Headstone Removed by Lyndal Reading (Article about the headstone to the drummer boy, John Egan, erected in the Ballaarat Old Cemetery in 1988. Dorothy Wickham's research discovered that the drummer boy did not die as the result of a pre-Eureka inceident, therefore Eureka's Children called for the gravestone to be removed.) [Photo of Paul Murphy and the headstone] * Ballarat Courier 29 November 2000, - Eureka Guide to December 3, 1854 (four pages of articles, adverts and photos including authors Angela Carey, Joy King, Tom Evans, Anne Beggs Sunter, Bob O'Brien, Steve Bracks, Peter Kennedy and Weston Bate). * Ballarat Courier 12 December 2000, - Union should bow out of Eureka Debate (Tom Evans letter). * Ballarat Courier ~2002, - Eureka Stockade a Family Tradition (Alex Barnett receives OAM), [Photo of Alex and new Eureka Centre]. * Ballarat Courier, 30 October 2002 - Democracy's debt to goldfields pioneer by Paul Williams [photo of J.B. Humffray and a number of people around Humffray's grave] * Ballarat Courier, 03 December 2002 - Unfit to Fly by Mariza Fiamengo - Failed attempts to fly the Eureka Flag at Parliament House, Canberra) *Ballarat Courier 10 December 2002 – Charter Campaign rewrites history, by Tom Evans, including an image from Doudiet. * Ballarat Courier 31 July 2002, - No Right From Eureka (Mjner's Right and Australian Democracy not 'born at Eureka'), letter by Tom Evans. * Ballarat Courier, 07 September 2002 - Statue to honour Italian Eureka democracy fighter by Julia Hodges. (Preliminary sketches for a statue of Raffaello Carboni by Gary Anderson) [Preliminary sketch for statue] * Ballarat Courier 10 December 2002, - Charter Campaign Rewrites History (Eureka did not gain democracy for Victoria), article by Tom Evans, [Photo of C.Doudiet's sketch of soldiers at Eureka Stockade.] * Herald Sun, 04 April 2003 - Rebels with a cause * Ballarat Courier 5 August 2003, - Bloodline claim to Eureka irrelevant (Denial of claim by 'Eureka Children' that they know best about interpretation of Eureka), article by Dr Paul Laffey. * Ballarat Courier 21 August 2003, - Information session on Eureka Gardens (Notice of public meeting at Eureka Centre), * Ballarat Courier 24 October 2003, - Which is the true Eureka version ? (argument that there is only one true Eureka story), [letter by Tom Evans]. * Ballarat Courier 28 October 2003, - Many threads in a complex fabric (criticism of Tom Evans' case for the one true version of Eureka), letter by Ken Clements. * Ballarat Courier, 2004 - Australia Port Stamp Issue: Eureka 'spirit' honoured - stamps issued for 150th anniversary * Ballarat Courier, 2004 - Think About the Ideals by Dot Wickham (Ballarat reform League, Chartism (photo of military reenactors in the Ballaarat Old Cemetery) * Ballarat Courier, 2004 - The Flames that Lit Eureka by Peter Butters (burning of the Eureka Hotel) * Ballarat Courier 27 January 2004, - Democracy not born at Eureka (Claim that England granted 'Australian' colonies democracy two years before the Eureka battle), letter by Tom Evans. * Ballarat Courier 4 February 2004, - Forget Eureka, what about Westminster ? (Denial that Eureka was the birthplace of Australian democracy), letter by Tom Jobling, [plus Eureka flag cartoon and sundry other letters]. * Ballarat Courier 23 February 2004, - Eureka coin makes its mark (Minting of $1 coins to mark 150th anniversary of Eureka Stockade), report by Katie Maheras, [Photo of coin]. * Ballarat Courier 2004, -Eureka is for one and all (Eureka provides inspiration for many different ideologies but is not owned by any of them), Senator John Faulkner expresses his view about Eureka, [photo of new Eureka centre during recent dawn walk]. * Ballarat Courier ~2004, - Eureka : from the horse's mouth (An account by W Bourke of the Eureka fight as recorded in the Courier of 2 December 1904), one article in a series by Dot Wickham, [photo of Eureka veterans at 1904 jubilee celebrations, and photo of sketch of Eureka site]. * Eureka! The Past Gets a New Image with a Telling Makeover (an article by David Rood on historian Clare Wright's postdoctoral thesis 'Eureka's Women: An intimate History of Sex, Class and Culture on the Victorian Goldfields'. * The Sunday Age 31 October 2004 'Eureka: A job worth doing weld' (An article by Claire Miller on the 150th anniversary sculpture by Anton Hasell in the Eureka Stockade Gardens) * The Age 23 October 2004, - The Eureka Myth (An article by James Button discussing the meaning of the gold-rush uprising), [photos of tattered Eureka flag, impression of crowd hailing defendant after treason acquittal, and Peter Lalor actor; and copy of Mark Twain's famous 1890s quote re Eureka]. *`Ballarat Courier 27 October 2004, - Eureka flag to fly during historic journey to ice continent ('Ice Maidens' plan trek to South Pole), [Photo of 'Ice Maidens' and Minister Mary Delahunty, and modern version of Eureka flag]. * Ballarat Courier 1 November 2004, - Eureka 150th Anniversary Conference Dinner (Guest Speaker Gough Whitlam at University of Ballarat on 26 November), [Images of version of Eureka flag, and logos of Victoria, Eureka Spirit 150, City of Ballarat, and University of Ballarat]. * Ballarat Courier 5 November 2004, - Sculpture evokes life at Eureka (Interpretive sculpture titled 'Eureka Circle' by Dr Anton Hasell is being erected in Eureka Gardens), [Photo of Dr Hasell and image of the sculpture). * Ballarat Courier 5 November 2004, Plenty of stitches in time help re-create the history of Eureka (Eureka Women's Sewing Circle making banners based on the Eureka flag, report by Karen McCann), [Photo of Maisie Spry, Nancy Taite, Shirlie Jones, Thelma Lyle, Heather Caddy and a banner; and a photo of Marion Macleod at work]. * Ballarat Courier 6 November 2004, - A rich vein of golden history (An account by Dot Wickham about the history of the Eureka Lead; another in 'The Rest is History' series ), [Photo of Peter Butters, Eric Andrews, Dot Wickham and Tom Evans at old Eureka Lead; and photo of author Dot Wickham]. * Ballarat Courier 11 November 2004, - Historic miners' charter honoured in parliament (Copy of Reform League Charter to be presented to State Parliament and Professor Weston Bate will unveil a plaque at Bakery Hill commemorating the Ballarat Reform League; report by Jason Shields). * Ballarat Courier 11 November 2004, - Our 'priceless' Eureka flag (Article by Professor Garry Carnegien re estimates of monetary value of the flag), [image of tattered Eureka flag]. * Ballarat Courier 11 November 2004, - Eureka 150 (Feature coming in The Courier on 24 November), [Images of City of Ballarat and The Courier logos]. * Ballarat Courier 12 November 2004, - Eureka rebellion all about justice (Letter by Des Williams criticising Tom Evans' altered quotations, and stressing the injustices that existed before Eureka and that the miners charged over the affair were found to be not guilty). * Ballarat Courier 12 November 2014, - Eureka retains a special place in modern Victoria (Editorial comments on the high interest in the coming 150th anniversary of Eureka and lists some of the commemorative events planned). * Ballarat Courier 12 November 2004, - Charter vital to history : Bracks (Article by Jason Shields asserting that the Ballarat Reform League Charter is a landmark document in the history of our nation, quoting Steve Bracks, David Vendy and others) [Photo of Mayor David Vendy and L.A. Speaker Judy Maddigan; photo of replica Eureka flag flying over Parliament House; photo of Weston Bate and John Semmens unveiling Reform League plaque; copy of 'Call for freedom' from 1854 Ballarat Times; and advert for 'the scenes of Eureka' to be in the courier on 24 November]. * Ballarat Courier 13 November 2004, - Wanted: people to fly flags (Flag-bearers Needed for Parade of Nations as part of Eureka 150 celebrations). * Ballarat Courier 16 November 2004, - Latham to visit Eureka 150, while PM says no (Federal government appears to be snubbing Eureka’s significance, and Anarchists Demand an an apology for the Eureka ‘massacre’; article by Michael Ruffles) [Image of replica Eureka flag to be raised at Bakery Hill for the Monster Meeting simulation]. * Ballarat Courier 16 November 2004, - Democracy on display (Article by Eugene Kneebone re University of Ballarat Conference on democracy as part of Eureka 150 celebrations) [Image of Conference guests Weston Bate and Gough Whitlam]. * Ballarat Courier 20 November 2004, - But wait there’s more (Article by Peter Dwyer in ‘The State We’re In’ series, great Ballarat Events with another coming soon in the Eureka 150 celebrations) [Image of tattered Eureka flag]. * Ballarat Courier 20 November 2004, - Broadcast for Eureka (Ballarat Amateur Radio Group to broadcast worldwide carefully researched stories of Eureka from 27 November to 5 December) [Image of advert ‘The Stories of Eureka’]. * Ballarat Courier 20 November 2004, - PM sends Eureka message (A report by Karen McCann outlining John Howard’s view that Eureka was central to the development of the nation as an independent democratic country) [Image of PM John Howard]. * Ballarat Courier 22 November 2004, - Conference boost. under page heading ‘The Stories of Eureka 150, November 24 (Report by Michael Ruffles that Richard Franklin, Martin Kingham and Susan Mitchell would also speak at the University Democracy Conference, that Geoff Howard had presented a Eureka flag to Canadian Lead Primary School and spoken to the students about the significance of Eureka, that about 600 aborigines were living in the Ballarat area 50 years before 1854, and that a group of about 40 people would walk from Bendigo to Ballarat along the Great Dividing Trail arriving at the Eureka Reserve on 5 December) [Images of Martin Kingham, Susan Mitchell, Jose Ramos-Horta and Marjorie Mowlam]. * Ballarat Courier 23 November 2004, - CELEBRATION TOURISM BOOM (Front page article by Catherine Best, Massive influx expected for Eureka 150 commemoration, comments on various aspects of the program) [Image of Kim Rowe at Ballarat Visitor Information Centre]. * Ballarat Courier 23 November 2004, - Eureka 159 (Article by Catherine Best, Alcohol ban at major events, Sovereign Hill special show of ‘Blood on the Southern Cross’ sold-out; and report by Simon Gladman about addition of colour to activities by 10 volunteers sewing 50 decorative banners) [Cartoon re troops demanding their rum ration, Images of Marion MacLeod and Shirley Jones working on banners]. * Ballarat Courier 23 November 2004, - Show to go north following success, under page heading ‘Eureka 150’ (Article by Karen McCann re musical production titled ‘Eureka’, section re Sebastopol College flying Eureka flag proudly, and editorial comment about Courier publication ‘Eureka 150’ including contributions by Dot Wickham, Anne Beggs Sunter and Weston Bate) [Cartoon re Sydney understanding of Eureka, Images of Peter Dwyer, David Ellery and Ron Egeberg with a copy of the Eureka 150 publication, and images of Catherine King raising a flag at Sebastopol College with student Dellaram Jamli watching]. * Ballarat Courier 24 November 2004 - Eureka 150 Inside Today (page 1 heading advertising enclosed publication). * Ballarat Courier 24 November 2004 – Eureka 150 (Public invited to open forum, an article by Catherine best; Memorabilia goes on display, items from 125th anniversary display; Meeting to mark spirit of ‘fair go’, at Maritime Union meeting in Melbourne on 1 December; and Author shares insight, John Molony spoke at ACUB on 22 November), [Image of Pearl May, Bruce Bartrop, Doug Sarah, and Peter Davies with Eureka memorabilia; Listing of the 150th celebrations Program]. * Ballarat Courier 24 November 2004 – Let us simply enjoy Eureka (Letter by Allistair McCoy re cost of Eureka celebrations and government attitude to the Eureka affair). * Ballarat Courier 25 November 2004 – Eureka 150 (Delegates gather to discuss democracy, article by Catherine Best; Eureka history drama display in exhibition at Ballarat fine art gallery, article by Michael Ruffles; Sovereign Hill prepares for a rush of visitors, article by Michael Ruffles including comments by Jeremy Johnson), [Image of Gordon Morrison preparing the Eureka exhibition; listing of Eureka 150 Program]. * Ballarat Courier 25 November 2004 – Eureka 150 IT’S HERE (Page 1 article by Michael Ruffles re the first of eleven days of celebration) [Image of Jeroen Boersma, Peter Bray, and Chris Zakynthinos celebrating Sovereign Hill’s recent Tourism awards success]. * Ballarat Courier 25 November 2004 – Eureka 150, Spirit lives on:unions (Article by Michael Ruffles outlining union involvement in the celebrations) [Image of Brian Boyd and Graeme Shearer at Ballarat Trades Hall]. * Ballarat Courier 25 November 2004 – Personal feelings over proven facts (Letter by Tom Evans re Eureka rebels’ plans to plunder and destroy Ballarat after annihilating the Government camp). * Ballarat Courier 26 November 2004 – Latham Fires Up Launch (Eureka 150 conference underway in report by Catherine Best; On track for name change in report by Karen McCann, Steve Bracks supported a name change for the Ballarat train line to Eureka train line) [Image of Mark Latham and simulated flag on Eureka Centre]. * Ballarat Courier 26 November 2004 – Eureka 150 page 7 reports by Michael Ruffles (Italians honoured, concert to celebrate contribution of Italians to life on the goldfields 150 years ago; Campaigning to ditch our colony status by Peter Consandine through speaking about Eureka from a Republican perspective; Putting the Redcoat perspective by Lt Col Neil Smith) [Image of Peter Consandine]. * Ballarat Courier 26 November 2004 – Eureka 150 (Reports by Catherine Best, Alcohol ban dumped after Council plan defeated; Sailors to march in Ballarat from frigate HMAS Ballarat; Pupils in own dawn walk at Grainery Lane Theatre; Festivities move into top gear with official opening and start of formal program; MP fires up launch from page 1) [Image of six Wendouree Primary School pupils rehearsing Dawn Walk re-enactment; listing of remaining Program]. *Ballarat Courier 27 November 2004 – Eureka 150 (Symbolic hand-over, report of symbolic replicas of ‘Miner’s rights’; Call for Redcoats to return to UK, Paul Murphy claims that bodies of Redcoats killed at Eureka should be exhumed and sent to Britain but Ron Egeberg and Peter Lalor II disagree) and [Image of Theo Theophanous and Geoff Strang with commemorative Miners’ Right and image of Cr Stephen Jones with Redcoat models and Eureka Centre in background]. *Ballarat Courier 27 November 2004 – From many lands to Ballarat’s goldfields (Article by Dot Wickham in ‘The rest is History series’, various nationalities and major ideas featured in the Eureka story) and [Image of author Dot, and Image of Chinese at goldfields from Doudiet painting]. *Ballarat Courier 27 November 2004 – Eureka 150 (Diversity honoured, report by Emma-Kate Rickard of concert at Mining Exchange which celebrated the harmony between people of different nationalities at Eureka) and [Image of crowd watching ‘Wave the Flag’ concert at Mining exchange, and listing of Eureka 150 Program] *Ballarat Courier 27 November 2004 – Eureka 150 (Charter our ‘Declaration’, report by Catherine Best quoting remarks by Steve Bracks, Kerry Cox, Jose Ramos Horta, Gustav Nossal, and Alexandra Curtain at first day of Democracy conference) and [Images of these people]. *Ballarat Courier 29 November 2004 – Eureka 150 (‘Bakery Hill lights up once again’, commemorations of the 29 November 1854 Monster Meeting at Bakery Hill Ballarat and also at Federation Square Melbourne in article by Michael Ruffles, and report on ‘Musical tribute to Italians’, David Volk explained the tribute to the contribution made by Italians at Eureka and in the multicultural Ballarat), [Image of Hugh McKelvey, Alison Thompson, Peggy Ludt-Nash and Sarah Walters, and Italian flag]. *Ballarat Courier 29 November 2004,page 6 - Eureka 150 (‘Diverse views get a hearing’, report by Catherine Best of forum discussing claims of some groups that they are underrepresented in Australian democracy; ‘Call for more politics at school’ in report of talk by Adam Spencer; ‘For democracy, just listen; Dr Mowlam’, government must listen to the people, in report by Catherine Best), [Images of Tan Le, Adam Spencer, Marjorie Mowlam and remainder of Eureka 150 Program]. *Ballarat Courier 30 November 2004 – Eureka 150 (‘Monster of a day for city’, report by Catherine Best re yesterday’s re-enactment of the Monster Meeting, the first raising of the Eureka flag, the burning of licences, the march by 16 national flag-bearers, the swearing of the digger’s oath, the release of homing pigeons as a symbol of hope and peace; ‘Descendant travels from England for big occasion’, and report of participation in Eureka 150 by great-great-grandson of Alfred Madocks, Tony Fyson, from England), [Images of raising of Eureka flag, Youth team carrying Eureka flag along Victoria Street to Bakery Hill, and Tony Fyson]. *Ballarat Courier 30 November, page 7 – Eureka 150 (‘Goldfields history retold in exhibition’ report by Michael Ruffles of “Eureka Revisited-The Contest of Memories” exhibition at The Ballarat Fine Art Gallery, curated by Ann Beggs-Sunter, unveiled by Minister Mary Delahunty; ‘Critical documents go on show’, report by Joan Hunt that replicas of Ballarat Reform League Charter, miners’ resolutions and advertisement for the Monster meeting are on show at the PROV Ballarat Archives Centre; and ‘Senator seeks support to fly Eureka flag in Canberra’ Gavin Marshall tells of plan to get Eureka flag raised in Senate Foyer on Friday), [Images of Mary Delahuntly with art exhibit, Dot Wickham with small replica of Eureka flag, and list of remaining Program events]. *Ballarat Courier 1 December 2004 – A typical Australian turning point that all of us can honour (article by Michael Easson urging that the Eureka Stockade should appeal to conservatives as well as Laborites). *Ballarat Courier 1 December 2004, page 8 – Eureka 150 (‘Golden chance to recall the 1850s’ article by Michael Ruffles re Australian Gold Panning Championships, including flat-pan section, in Ballarat this coming weekend; ‘Experience the tension leading to the battle’ through Eureka type activities at Sovereign Hill this weekend; ‘Redcoats unsung heroes’ Neil Smith advocates that Redcoats be recognised for doing their duty as they understood it), [Images of actors as Peter Lalor and some Miners after Monster Meeting, Neil Smith with Alister Smith and Matthew Dowler, and List of remaining Program events]. *Ballarat Courier 1 December 2004 – Eureka 150 (‘Flag flies Friday’ report by Michael Ruffles that Eureka flag will fly in foyer of Australian Senate on Friday; ‘All’s fair in war and collecting’ article re 17th Eureka Collectables and Militaria Fair planned for this weekend; ‘Encyclopaedia of a rebellion’ publication to be released at weekend, it carries stories of the ordinary people of Eureka), [Images of Nick Smith and David Wright with military memorabilia, and Catherine King, Justin Corfield, Clare Gervasoni and Dorothy Wickham with copies of ‘Eureka Encyclopaedia’ *Ballarat Courier 2 December 2004 page 1 – REUNITE THE FLAG (Premier’s Eureka 150 Plea, Michael Ruffles reports on Steve Bracks’ call that all fragments of the Eureka flag be returned to Ballarat) [Images of part of Eureka flag, Catherine King and Steve Bracks]. *Ballarat Courier 2 December 2004 page 3 – Eureka 150 (Concern at choice of Hicks, report by Andrew Jefferson about the father of David Hicks being named to lead the Dawn Walk on Sunday; Pride of Southern Cross flies on top of the world, report by John Murphy and John McMahon of a recent trip to the Himalayas with a replica Eureka flag; Democracy symbol has parliamentary approval, Michael Ruffles reports that Catherine King has negotiated for a Eureka flag to be flown in foyer of House of Representatives on Friday; Push to reunite pieces of the scattered flag, continued from Page 1) [Images of Terry Hicks, John Murphy and John McMahon with Eureka flag in front of mountains, and Catherine King]. *Ballarat Courier 2 December 2004 page 5 – Eureka 150 (Navy rekindles local bond, report by Michael Ruffles of ‘HMAS Ballarat’ taking part in Eureka celebrations including a return to Sebastopol College by ex-student Daniel Hooper; A very charitable crew, HMAS Ballarat crew members assisted several local charities and schools on Wednesday; Eureka celebrations go live on radio, ABC and SBS will broadcast features from the Olympic program) [Images of Kayleigh Lord and Seahawk helicopter, Daniel Lord and Sharon Mudge with some St Aloysius students, and Daniel Hooper at Sebastopol College]. *Vanguard 1 December 2004 – page 1, Eureka diggers showed the way (Oppose aggression, Action precipitated political development, Essential services under attack, Better quality of life and Cultural Identity is important) [diagram of Australia with image of Eureka flag superimposed]. Showed *Ballarat Courier 2 December 2004 – LETTERS TO EDITOR (Eureka conference cost not egalitarian, letter by Frank Williams protesting about $660 registration fee for international conference being held at the University of Ballarat). *Ballarat Courier 3 December 2004 – Eureka (Cover page 1, 1923 memorial listing names of Diggers and Soldiers who died at Eureka, Cover “pages 2 &3” opinions of 20 notables re meaning of Eureka in 2004, and “page 4” the diggers’ oath.) [Images of the deceased’s names, images of the 20 surveyed, and words of the diggers’ oath]. *Ballarat Courier 3 December 2004 – EDITORIAL (Debate keeps Eureka alive and healthy in discussion re Australian democracy). *Ballarat Courier 3 December 2004 – LETTERS TO THE EDITOR (Eureka should never have happened in letter by Cordell Kent re adequacy of the courts, Different attacks on the same problem in letter by Don Woodward re J B Humffray and Peter Lalor, and Eureka expense a waste of money in letter by Raymond Morris re lack of interest in Eureka by most Australians.) *Ballarat Courier 3 December 2004 – Eureka 150 (Page 3 Hicks walk anger, report by Karen McCann re continuing public debate about Terry Hicks’ participation in the dawn walk; page 3 Bracks questions dawn route, perhaps it should not start from the soldiers camp site ?, and also on page 3 A great occasion for Ballarat in which Steve Bracks notes why it is also a great occasion for Australia; page 4 Crew free to sail in any time, in Catherine Best’s report of Freedom of City to crew of HMAS Ballarat; United report of Indigenous smoking ceremony; page 4 Message reaches across the country in report by Andrew Jefferson of reception held on Thursday evening attended by Mary Delahuntley and Steve Bracks; page 5 Hundreds expected to gather in article by Catherine Best about the dawn ceremony and other events planned for Eureka day) [Images of Terry Hicks, Margaret Mavety, Kylie Newland, Brian Molloy, Brad O’Neill, Steve Bracks, cartoon of David Hicks’ dawn walk in a prison cell, Andy Barnes, David Hunter, Geoff Clark, Shirahan Brown, Ted Lovett, Steve Bracks]. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2004 – Eureka 150 (Descendants back Hicks in report by Karen McCann quoting comments by members of the Lalor family; Flag displayed in Britain, Activists forum in city tonight, King urges all to reflect; Family reflects on its historic link in quotes by Des and Sadie Morrish) [Images of cartoon re site of Eureka Stockade. Des Morrish at Anastasia Hayes’ gravesite]. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2004 page 1 – DAWN AT THE EUREKA (Report by Catherine Best of the gathering at ‘Eureka Stockade’ yesterday morning, cont. on page 2) [Image of dawn ceremony, firelight people and Eureka Centre]; (page 2 – Eureka 150, Hundreds turn out at dawn, cont. from page 1 report and comments re the ceremony on the edge of Lake Penhalluriak within the Stockade Reserve; Baker’s spirit returns to hill as Bruce Gow tells of his ancestor John Balderston being the original baker at Bakery Hill) and [Images of Lake Penhalluriak including the huge Eureka flag model, wreath laying, warmth from fire, choir of 170 singers, and Bruce Gow with portrait of John Balderston]. *Ballarat Courier 4 December page 5 - Eureka 150 (Workers walk off the job, report by Michael Ruffles of protest by ‘Eureka Tiles’ workers yesterday while the shindig was proceeding; Echoes of Freedom beat rises, report by Andrew Jefferson of Friday night concert and plans for a musical Saturday; and Sharing historic stories, Annie Stewart told stories of the goldfields to primary students at Central Highlands Regional Library yesterday) and [Images of Kelly McMeeken and Keziah Burns dancing, and Hugh Masekela performing]. *Australian 4 December 2004 – Tension over Hicks’ father at Eureka (Letters from Leigh Matters, George Finlay. John Dobinson, and Raymond Morris). *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2004 – The State We’re In (Gone, but never forgotten, article by Peter Dwyer featuring the death and destruction but also the inspiration of Eureka) and [Image of children of Youth Co-ordination Team carrying replica Eureka Flag to Bakery Hill for Monster meeting simulation]. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2004 – Weekend Features (From Eureka to Gallipoli, article by Anne Beggs Sunter re the grave of Joseph Peter Lalor at Gallipoli, he was a grandson of ‘Eureka’ Peter Lalor, Mount Clear Secondary College had developed a relationship with Gallipoli Anatolian High School and a group of MCSC personnel had taken a photo of the J P Lalor grave) and [Image of Captain Peter Lalor’s grave at Gallipoli with flowers from MCSC and GAHS]. *Ballarat Courier 6 December 2004 page 1 – Eureka 150 (Celebration huge success, report by Michael Ruffles outlining the extensive program and the world wide coverage it had received) and [Images of Deborah Conway singing at Echoes of Freedom Festival of Music, Leo Howard rode in car instead of walking, and local Prospectors placed modern day information about prospecting and mining in a time capsule to be opened at 200th Eureka Anniversary]. *Ballarat Courier 6 December 2004 page2 – Eureka 150 (Event a huge success, continued from page 1; History’s echo felt, article by Karen McCann mentioning local individuals with links to Eureka people : Leo Howard grandson of Patrick Howard, Val D’Angri great grand daughter of Anastasia Withers, Colin Holmes whose wife was a descendant of a nine year old boy at Eureka, Gary Winstanley a leading unionist, and Peter Lalor great great grandson of ‘Eureka Peter Lalor’; and Bells take their toll on the weary ringers, report of the Town Hall bell-ringers who kept the bells ringing all through the Eureka weekend) and [Images of Eureka March from Bakery Hill to the Eureka Centre on Saturday, Leo Howard, Norm Hand, Ron Furlonger, and Fergus McLaren]. *Ballarat Courier 6 December 2004 page 3 – Eureka 150 (Songs of justice draw thousands, report of music festival by Karen McCann; Walkers complete trek, report by Simon Goodwin of the ‘Follow the Southern Cross walk’ along the Great Dividing Trail from Bendigo arriving at the Eureka Centre yesterday) and [Images of George Telek on stage, Steve Moneghetti, Rosie Annear, and Patricia Grant, Adam Simmons musician, and Grand Union Band at Music festival]. *Ballarat Courier 6 December 2004 page 4 – Eureka 150 (Flag plea rebuffed, report by Andrew Jefferson that State Library of Victoria will not hand over a piece of the original Eureka flag and news of other fragments; Special day reaps gold find, report of John Campbell’s nugget found on Friday; and Miners leave time capsule for 200th, report by Karen McCann of prospecting and mining equipment being sealed in a time capsule) and [Images of John Campbell with his nugget, and prospectors with the time capsule]. *Ballarat Courier 6 December 2004 page 5 – Eureka 150 (Hicks firm despite jeers, report by Michael Ruffles of Friday’s Dawn Walk by almost 800 people led by Terry Hicks; Redcoats recall soldiers, wreath laid to honour the soldiers killed at Eureka; tour of graves a chance to remember ancestors, Callinan family had four ancestors at Eureka and 30 members of this family joined over 100 others in a tour of the Old Ballarat Cemetery) and [Images of Terry Hicks at Dawn Walk, Peter Cox dressed as a Redcoat, and Leigh Callinan at Old Ballarat Cemetery]. *Ballarat Courier 7 December 2004 page 8 – Eureka Celebration a magnificent event (para congratulating all who assisted in the 150th anniversary activities to ensure that the events of December 1854 will be elevated in the minds of Australians; and Eureka precinct is splendid, letter from Ron Marshall congratulating the City Council and staff for the good condition of the Eureka precinct). *Ballarat Courier 10 December 2004 – Eureka Flag should not fly in Canberra (Letter by Bev Hoath arguing that the Eureka flag is an expensive stunt by ALP for political purposes). *Ballarat Courier 11 December 2004 – letters re Eureka ( Hicks and Eureka: where’s the link ?, by Denis Bateman; Reckless Eureka claim repudiated, by Tom Evans). *Ballarat Courier 13 December 2004 page 8 – letters re Eureka ( What does PM find offensive in Eureka ? by Ian Braybrook; Hicks should not have been asked, by Brenda Rawlins; Hicks hijacked true meaning of Eureka, by Michael G Kershaw; and Peter Tobin would be grinning wryly, by Maree Harrison). *Ballarat Courier 13 December 2004 – [Image of Arthur Beech and Petera Clamp with flag of Eureka Probus Club]. *Ballarat Courier 16 December 2004 – Hicks choice for Eureka absurd (Letter by Jason Hamilton putting the case that Hicks should not have had a role in Eureka celebrations). *Ballarat Courier 17 December 2004 – letters re Eureka (Celebrations have silenced the critics, by Colin a Holmes; Time to rescue our Eureka flag, by Kevin Jackson). *Ballarat Courier 20 December 2004 – Figures don’t back the Eureka myth, letter by Robert Carter. *Ballarat Courier 21 December 2004 – View of Eureka is misguided, letter by Mark Mitchell. Book 3 - 2018 onwards *Ballarat News 30 November 2005 - Eureka Week 2005, Reflections of Eureka, (Centre) open free on Eureka Day. [Image of Eureka Centre and open day advert.] *Ballarat Courier ~2006 – Stalwart of Eureka Street. Notes of interview with Alex Barnett. * The Age, 02 September 2006 - Gripping Diary Captures Pivotal Moments in Australian History by Karen Kissane. Article on the Samuel Lazarus Diary. Includes image by J.B. Henderson. * Ballarat Courier, 02 December 2006 - Multicultural Eureka by Dorothy Wickham - Eureka Stockade participants came from 18 cultures. *Ballarat Courier ~April 2008 – Eureka: make it a centre of attention. Article by Eugene Kneebone in ‘Kneejerk’ series as Chairman of CHACC; “… the Eureka Centre in 1997 could never achieve its vision. The funding package was simply insufficient to design, build and equip a national icon.” *Ballarat Courier 28 November 2009 – Goldfields tension leads to battle, article by Dot Wickham in ‘The rest is history’ series’. [Image of 2004 Eureka Day celebration]. *Ballarat Courier 14 April 2010 – Eureka Centre is flagging, article by Meg Rayner, new Museum for Australian Democracy work stalls. [Image through cut wire of flagless new centre]. *Ballarat Courier 13 May 2010 – Ballarat Visitor Information Centre …on the Move Again, [Image of Eureka Centre and two previous locations of Information Centre]. Later page editorial inviting expression of public opinion re suitable location for the Visitor Information Centre. *Ballarat Courier 21 May 2010 - $11m plans unveiled, Redevelopment to double size of Eureka Centre…..to become a national heritage showpiece, article by Kim Quinlan. [Image of design of new look centre]. *Ballarat Courier 26 May 2010 – ‘Sacred Cow’ is a burden to the city, $12m on a new Eureka Centre is crazy: letter to Editor by Bob House, Wendouree. *City of Ballarat Community Magazine June 2010 – Australian Centre for Democracy at Eureka designs now available, [Image of artists impression of the Australian Centre for Democracy at Eureka]. *Ballarat Courier 12 July 2010 – Lighting the Sky, Eureka Centre plans for a night sky flag show; article by Meg Rayner. [Image of Eureka Centre and flagpole]. *Ballarat Courier 13 July 2010 – ‘Web words’ on ‘Opinion’ page re Plan for Eureka Centre flag. *Ballarat Courier 18 August 2010 – Eureka flag to undergo works in SA, page 3 continuation of article from page 1. *Ballarat Courier 18 August 2010 – Original Eureka flag heads to Adelaide for works, ‘On the Move’ page 1 article by Marcus Power, restoration of the flag and construction of a new climate-controlled display case. [Image of the original Eureka flag]. *Ballarat Courier 19 August 2010 - $100,000 set for Eureka Flag work, comments by Marcus Power. Also Flag’s home under scrutiny: invitation for expression of opinion re where the flag should be housed. *Ballarat Courier 19 August 2010 – Our flag will be missed, but conservation is important, Editorial re conservation of the Eureka flag. *Ballarat Courier 20 August 2010 – Lone objector puts $11m Eureka works on hold, report by Marcus Power; and page 2 [Image of artists impression of new Eureka Centre]. *Ballarat Courier 21 August 2010 – Keep flag at gallery for now, article by Angela Carey in series ‘The State We’re In’. [Image of Doudiet’s sketch of Ballarat miners swearing allegiance to the Southern Cross]. *Ballarat Courier 21 August 2010 – Women conserving the flag, outline of the history of the Eureka flag by Anne Beggs Sunter ( in ‘HERSTORY’ series), expressing passionately that the flag after conservation must be returned to the Art Gallery. [Images of Anne, the Eureka Flag and Val D’Angri]. *Ballarat Courier 28 August 2010 - The flag must stay permanently at the gallery, letter from Yvonne Horsfield citing the Eureka Centre as a lemon *Ballarat Courier 30 August 2019 – Sun sets on Icon, visitors farewell Eureka Centre after 12 years of operation and new development to be a Centre for democracy at Eureka; article by Erin Williams. [Images of Anne Hardy, Tracey Coates, Shane Holsgrove, and their views about the Eureka Centre]. *Ballarat Courier 22 September 2010 – Come Oprah, but let’s check our history, letter from Tom Jobling asserting that Eureka had nothing to do with the birth of democracy in Australia. *Ballarat Community Magazine September 2010 – Major conservation works for Eureka Flag, extensive repair and renovation work to be done in Adelaide with cost to be met by City of Ballarat and the National Museum of Australia in Canberra. *Ballarat Courier 27 January 2011 – Democracy Centre works under way, brief outline of soil and other works in preparation for the extending building work to begin in May 2011. *Ballarat Courier 19 February 2011 – Eureka centre works on track, report by Pat Nolan describing recent site works and proclaiming that tens of thousands of students will be able to visit each year. [Image of earthworks near Eureka Centre]. *Ballarat Courier 10 May 2011 – Help decide flag’s home, where will our Eureka icon go when it returns ? Article by Fiona Henderson inviting online expressions of opinions. [Image of Craig Fletcher, Joy King, Maryanne Gooden and Kristin Phillips inspecting work done on the Eureka flag at Artlab in Adelaide. Also, New (governance) structure proposed for (Eureka) centre, article by Fiona Henderson suggesting that the Centre be managed by a limited company rather than by Council; [Image of Eureka Centre and site works]. Page 3 [Image of Eureka flag and ‘Debate fires up’ caption, also images of Art Gallery (option 1) and Eureka Centre (option 2)]. *Ballarat Courier 17 May 2011 – Flag needs home of quiet dignity, letter by John Williams arguing for the Art Gallery to be that home. *Ballarat Courier 21 May 2011 – Flag must stay at art gallery, article by Anne Beggs Sunter (within HERSTORY series) arguing that the Art Gallery is the proper place for the Eureka flag. [Image of the Eureka flag], *Ballarat Courier 21 May 2011 – Two letters (i) Flag’s rightful place is in city’s art gallery, by Ron Batten, and (ii) Dispersed Eureka heritage good for city, by Elizabeth Trudgeon. *Ballarat Courier 12 July 2011 – Flag’s new home, Art Gallery agrees to lend Eureka icon; front page headline. [Image of soldiers with guns aloft in front of the Eureka flag]. And on page 4, Icon to return (on loan) to stockade, article by Tom McIlroy. [Images of the Eureka battle, the flag, the Eureka Centre]. And on page 5, 1895 to 2011 history of Eureka flag with two images of the flag; Seamstress’ connection to the flag dates back to 1854, [Image of Val D’Angri and the flag]; Local firm may win contract to construct the Australian Centre of democracy at Eureka, article by Evan Shuurman * Good Weekend 11 September 2004. [Gough Whitlam holding Eureka FLag, and Val D'Angri stiching a Eureka Flag with a sewing machine. *Ballarat Courier 30 September 2011 – ‘All running smoothly at Eureka site’, news article, [Image of Mayor Craig Fletcher looking at plans for Australian Centre of Democracy at Eureka]. *Ballarat Courier 26 November 2011 – ‘157 years on’. Editorial re coming anniversary. *Ballarat Courier 29 November 2011 p5 – ‘Eureka events this week’. Editorial para re 157th anniversary plans. *Ballarat Courier 2 December 2011 p5 – ‘Eureka in focus (Schools commemorate anniversary)’, report by Colin MacGillivray including some details of this years Eureka anniversary celebrations. *Ballarat Courier 2 December 2011 p1 – ‘It’s Back (Eureka flag’s top-secret return to Gallery)’, report by Brendan Gullifer advising that there was an unveiling of the restored flag today. [Image of Eureka flag prior to restoration]. *Ballarat Courier 2 December 2011 p4 – ‘Flag to return to art gallery’, from p1. The Eureka flag is described as one of the most recognisable symbols of Australian history. *Ballarat Courier 3 December 2011 – ‘Five-star repair (Eureka flag fixed and back in town) and (Stitch in time saves icon)’, reports by Jordan Oliver. [Image of conservator Kristin Phillips inspecting restored flag at Art Gallery of Ballarat]. *Ballarat Courier 3 December 2011 p3 – ‘City reflects on uprising and birth of democracy’, report by Jordan Oliver re 157th Eureka anniversary celebrations. [Image of activities in a history lesson for school pupils at Old Ballarat cemetery]. *Ballarat Courier 3 December 2011 p18 – ‘Eureka Flag returns home’, Web word from Over it praising Val D’Angri’s original restoration of the flag and asserting that it should not be lent to the Australian Centre for Democracy. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2011 – ‘Spirit of Eureka, Ceremony marks 157 years’. Report by Tom McIlroy. [Image of troops firing a volley in salute of the men and women of Eureka. And Image of troops at the Ballarat Old Cemetery]. *Ballarat Courier 5 December 2011 – ‘Who is making the decisions ?’, letter to Editor from Gerald Jenzen in which he queries the role of the new Museum of Australian Democracy. *Ballarat Courier 1 March 2012 – ‘Query on Management of Eureka Centre plan’, letter to Editor from Gerald Jenzen re Council’s legal obligations in managing this $11m project. *Ballarat Courier 25 April 2012 – ‘Eureka project by year’s end (Centre director not finalised)’, report by Fiona Henderson including comments by Katherine Armstrong (project manager). [Image of construction works at new Eureka Centre]. *Ballarat Courier 17 May 2012 – ‘Project to finish in months ( Early opening expected)’, report by Jordan Oliver of the current stages in various aspects of the works. [Images of New spaces in the Centre, Richard Nicholson looking at the near completed Centre, Councillors inside the Centre, Councillors looking at construction methods, and a staffer levelling concrete]. *Australian 18 August 2012 p22 – ‘Eureka Moment’, Ken Henry compares the circumstances of the Eureka Stockade with present government concern about returns from natural resources. *Ballarat Courier 5 September 2012 – ‘Eureka Flag to feature’, Fiona Henderson reports on comments by deputy Premier Peter Ryan during launch of new M.A.D.E logo. *Ballarat Courier 28 November 2012 p23 - ‘Eureka, Rebellion under the southern cross’, diggers oath from 29 November 1854 and story of Eureka by Program Manager Liz Zelencich. *Ballarat Courier 28 November 2012 p25 – ‘The People of Eureka’, biographical paragraphs of Peter Lalor, Sir Charles Hotham, Rafaello Carboni, J.B. Humfray and James Scobie. [Images of each except cartoon of Scobie.] *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2012 p4 – ‘History, hope and a …. (see p5)’, Democracy museum won’t open until May, Generations keep the Eureka story alive; reports by Pat Nolan. [Images of David Battersby, Paul Murphy and Shane Howard, also Eureka cupcakes]. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2012 p5 – ‘(see p4)….feeling of solidarity’, Eureka resonates with a modern struggle, Rebel spirit is alive and well; reports and comments by Pat Nolan. [Images of Eureka marchers, supporters at march, flags at march, and advert for Eureka Carols on 16 December]. *Ballarat Courier 5 December 2012 – ‘Time to rally around the flag’, 158 years since their battle, it is time for us reclaim the Eureka flag back from the hard left of the union movement and the rednecks of the right; article by Peter Fitzsimons. [Image of Charles Doudiet’s painting of miners swearing allegiance to the Eureka flag; is there a case to make it the national flag ? ]. *Ballarat Courier 21 January 2013 – ‘Eureka : behind the scenes’, Museum of Australian Democracy opens its doors interim report by Pat Nolan. [Images from inside and surrounds of the new Eureka Centre]. *Ballarat Courier 23 January 2013 – ‘ ‘Disturbing experience at MADE open day’, letter from Kay Wheeler claiming that the Eureka experience has been lost, * 'Flag Piece Home' - Adrian Milane, Jane Smith, Flag remnant [images of Adrian Milane, Jane Scott and the Flag piece]F1997 *Ballarat Courier 5 April 2014 p7 – ‘M.A.D.E. strife as budget blown’, …from p1…report by Rachel Afflick claiming that the centre had expended its annual budget in six months. Also ‘M.A.D.E. Timeline’. *Ballarat Courier 11 April 2014 – ‘M.A.D.E. on a tight deadline’, issues that need to be resolved before 160th anniversary of Eureka in December in article by Ron Egeberg.[Images of interior of new centre]. *Ballarat Courier 5 May 2014 – ‘Rights, freedom made possible’, article by Jane Smith MADE Director explaining how it has evolved in its first 12 months. [Images of the Eureka Flag, MADE plaque and Jane Smith]. *Ballarat Courier 1 December 2014 p1 – ‘Eureka still vital 160 years later’, Celebrations to mark rebellion’s anniversary in article by Nicole Cairns and table of Celebration Events.[Image of part of Ballarat old cemetery]. *Ballarat Courier 1 December 2014 p9 – ‘EUREKA 160 1854 – 2014’ advert for Eureka Day Wednesday Dec 3 commemorative events at M.A.D.E. *Ballarat Courier 2 December 2014 p12 – ‘Eureka rebellion through pupil’s words’, verses by Sonia Vlatkovic of Canberra. *Ballarat Courier 3 December 2014 – ‘Revolutions have a long legacy’, the stockaders have left an enduring legacy in today’s society, in article by Jane Smith. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2014 p6 – ‘Crowd pays tribute…’, Eureka Anniversary reports by Gav McGrath; Government conspired with police: historian (John Molony), Flag raises rebellion victory query, and Pupils become part of the story. [Image of Eureka flag copy flying above Toorak House (Governor Hotham’s official residence at time of battle. Also image of Gold Commissioner Rede (actor Ian Burton) being heckled by miners (acted by school children)]. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2014 p7 – Continuation of p6 above. ‘…160 years after battle’ Reports by David Jeans : Recreated flag flies for duration of original fight, and Pikeman’s Dog unveiled at site. [Image of Noel White, Australia’s ambassador to Ireland, at statue memorialising the Pikeman’s Dog. Also image of people watching as Wathaurong elder Uncle Bryon Powell conducts a welcome to Country and Smoking Ceremony ]. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2014 p13 – ‘Eureka spirit lives on today’, an edited version of speech made by Hon. Steve Bracks at 160th anniversary of Eureka on Wednesday; Steve Bracks was patron of M.A.D.E. and a former Premier of Victoria, [Image of Steve Bracks in front of MADE logo]. *Ballarat Courier 4 December 2014 p15 – ‘Eureka 160 1854 – 2014’, a list of events for 6th and 7th of December, submitted by MADE. *Ballarat Courier 8 December 2014 – ‘Paying respect for democracy’, report by William Vallely re dozens attending graves ceremony in rain at Ballarat Old Cemetery. *Ballarat Courier 23 December 2014 – ‘Eureka Rebellion rekindled’, Miners’ descendants demand ownership of the stockade flag, in article by Gav McGrath in which he refers to statements by Julian Burnside QC. [Image of Eureka flag and image of Julian Burnside beside quote : “The flag never became (Trooper) King’s property, if anything, he took it on behalf of the Crown”]. Also ‘Reward offered for evidence of the battle’s Union Jack flag’, in report by Fiona Henderson. * Flyer, c2014 - Have you seen the Eureka Jack? $10,000 reward offered for further information on this flag. The Eureka Jack is believed to be a Union Jack flag hoisted beneath the Eureka Flag on the morning of 03 December 1854. * Ballarat Courier 23 December 2014. Miners descendants demand ownership of the Stockade flag. Julian Burnside supports their case. *Ballarat Courier 5 May 2015 – ‘Strengthening the Eureka story’, article by Jane Smith in which she outlines recent statements by leading Australians which indicate that they are aware of Eureka’s role in the development of Australian democracy, [Image of M.A.D.E. logo ]. *Ballarat Courier 30 June 2015 – ‘M.A.D.E. in Ballarat, showcasing Google’, article re MADE joining with 13 other Australian organisations in the Google Cultural Institute. [Image of * Ballarat Courier, 16 April 2016 - Eureka Symbol is still strong by Matthew Dixon [Photograph of Jane Smith in front of the flag] * Ballarat Courier, 16 April 2016 - Flag Meaning Has Been Losnt Among Some/Should Flag Be Protected by Matthew Dixon. [Photograph of Val D'Angri with a fragment of the Eureka Flag. * Ballarat COurier, 23 April 2016 - Tunnell of Tall Tales by Amber Wilson (Storyteller Anne E. Stewart's Eureka ghost story.) [Photograph of Anne E. Stewart] * Ballarat Courier, 06 September 2017 - The drama of the disappearing diorama by Caleb Cluff (Also Lake Elsworth Swimming Pool) This article used this item for research and features images from the news clippings. * The Miner, 01 March 2018 - Council continues its commitment to MADE and the Eureka Story * Ballarat Courier, 22 February 2018 - City of Ballarat votes to wind up MADE and rename it Eureka Centre by Ashleigh McMillan - https://www.thecourier.com.au/story/5243544/city-of-ballarat-votes-to-wind-up-made-and-rename-it-eureka-centre/ * Ballarat Courier, 12 February 2018 - - Decision on future of MADE looms, nine options presented by Rochelle Kirkham. https://www.thecourier.com.au/story/5220740/could-made-become-an-office-space/ * Ballarat Courier, 01 February 2018 - A change of name and a focus on Eureka are the keys to survival by Caleb Cluff - MADE interim CEO Rebecca MacFarling speaks on the survival of MADE - https://www.thecourier.com.au/story/5202742/call-it-the-eureka-museum-says-interim-made-ceo-macfarling/ * Ballarat Courier, 22 March 2018 - MADE to shut doors next week before reopening under City of Ballarat by • Siobhan Calafiore ( Closing of MADE to open as a City of Ballarat facility) - https://www.thecourier.com.au/story/5300446/made-to-shut-doors-next-week-before-reopening-under-city-of-ballarat/ * Ballarat Courier, 12 May 2018 - Full Page advertisement - We the Undersigned believe it is time the Eureka Flag was Returned to the Gallery. Paragraphs written by Ron Radford, Margaret Rich, Kate Redwood, Neville Oddie, Owen and Jim King, Anne Beggs Sunter, Peter Hiscock, Robert Selkirk, Iain Selkirk, and supported by around 50 people including Eric Archer, Konstantin Probst, Luigi and Athalie Bazzani, Liz Blizzard, Gary Bunn, Val D'Angri, Giancarlo Faustini, Andrew Ferry, Clare Gervasoni, Yvonne Horsfield, Bill and Heather Horrocks, Robert and Emma House, Ewan Jones, Dean Kittelty, John Mildren, Phil and Geraldine Roberts, Warwick and Julie Sellens, Christine Sutton, Val Tudball. Kevin and Linda Zibell. eureka, democracy, eureka stockade, ballarat reform league, eureka progress association, eureka stockade memorial park, ballarat, ballarat east, peter lalor, eureka film, eureka reserve, commemoration, centenary, ballaarat old cemetery, ballarat cemetery, diggers' graves, diggers graves, bert o'toole, eureka pool, black hill memorial swimming pool, swiming pool, stockade pool, eureka flag, ballarat fine art gallery, art gallery of ballarat, eureka diorama, tom mccarthy, kevin worthington, eureka stockade hotel, eureka lake, eureka stockade gardens, val d'angri, flag conservation, gough whitlam, eureka progress hall, dorothy wickham, clare gervasoni, anne beggs sunter, keith rash, anastasia withers, gary winstanley, colin holmes, steve bracks, jose ramos horta, gus nossal, alexandra curtain, swimming pool, newsclips, eureka sail, red eureka sail, news clippings, scrap book, ballarat reform league charter, paul murphy, ken clements, john egan, eureka clippings, raffaello carboni, urbino, italu, eureka swimming pool, al grasby, eureka stockade association, gordon cornell, bruce bartrop, alec barnett, alex barnett

Wilkinson's Hut was built for the State Electricity Commission of Victoria in 1932 as a permanent residence for the snow research program manager, who was the resident engineer of the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme. The hut was sold in 1948 to the Ski Club of Victoria / Victorian Alpine Club and renamed Wilkinson Lodge. In 1958 it was sold to the Melbourne Bushwalkers Club. It was burnt down on 17th January 2004.Wilkinson Lodge was located at Wallace Gap on the Bogong High Plains and was the first S.E.C.V. permanent residence for the workers of the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme. It is also an early built lodge owned briefly 1946 - 1958 by the Ski Club of Victoria / Victorian Alpine Club and used by skiers before other lodges were built at Falls Creek. It was used by bushwalkers until it was burnt down thus in itself depicting part of the history of the area.5 pages of copies of photos of Wilkinson Lodge, 1 page of a copy of the destruction of Wilkinson Lodge (6 small photos), 1 page of a copy of a plaque titled 'This cottage' and 1 page of an article from the Border Mail (newspaper) dated 19th Jan. 2004.wilkinson hut; secv; ski club of victoria; melbourne bushwalkers club; fire

After World War II, the Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme was started in the Kiewa River valley by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. On land previously used only for summer cattle grazing in the natural alpine grasslands, the first ski lodge was built in 1948 by workers from the scheme. The first lift, a rope tow, was built in 1951 and the first chairlift in Australia was constructed there in 1957. Falls Creek Post Office opened on 9 June 1958 (with telegraph and telephone facilities only until 1964) .Despite strong opposition from the head of the Kiewa scheme, who didn't want tourists clogging up his roads and destroying his "dry" construction camps by bringing in booze, Falls Creek boomed as much as Hotham, partly owing to its relatively good access road. Early lodges included Bogong (c.1946), Skyline (1947), Albury (1949), Myrtleford (1949) and Dawn (c.1950).The souvenir postcard photographed and produced by an enterprising local businessman Mr S K Pearce, was produced as a memento for skiers and other visitors to the Falls Creek and Mt Beauty area to send to family and friends as a reminder of their visit to the region, or to keep as a personal souvenir. It presented an excellent promotional opportunity for enterprising local businessmen to promote the area to skiers and tourists near and far. It also presents an excellent pictorial history of the falls creek area around the late 1950’s to early 1960’sColour postcard folder (unused) containing 13 photographs of the Falls Creek ski area and surrounds. Inside cover has a brief description of the area and the services available to visitors Printed on front cover- FALLS CREEK SKI VILLAGE. Your Souvenir Folder Photo of skiing slopes of the village Inside front flap - a brief description of the Falls Creek area and the services available to visitors 1. Diana Lodge parking area and Spion Kopje 2. Winterhaven Lodge 3. Ski Hirage Centre and skiing slopes 4. Ski Lodges from main road 5. Nelse and Arundel Lodges 6. Day visitors’ shelter and parking area 7. Summit T-Bar lift 8. Spur T-bar looking towards Village and Spion Kopje 9. T-bar lower station and Snow Crystal Inn 10. ‘Akja’ rescue sled in use 11. Falls Creek road and Grand Coeur Lodge annex 12. Rope tows and beginner slopes 13. Back cover- Published by Nucolorvue Pty Ltd Mentone Vic. Printed in Australia For S.K.Pearce Pty Ltd Tawonga and Mt Beauty falls creek, snow, bogong high plains, victorian alps

Postcards were available at tourist destinations to promote the resort by enabling visitors to write to friends and family.The Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme hastened the development of Falls Creek as a popular destination for skiers. Roads, buildings including accommodation & chalets, ski clubs, snow vehicles, ski tows etc enabled visitors to live and ski in the snow. When construction of the KHES was completed Falls Creek continued to develop both as a winter and summer resort. Serrated edge colored postcards. 1. "On Langlauf Skis in the Australian Snowfields' - Photograph by Uwe Steinward 2. 'Ski-school and instructors at Falls Creek, Victoria' Photograph by Uwe Steinward x2 3. Overlooking the Victorian snowfields, Falls Creek, Victoria' Photograph by Uwe Steinward 4. 'Skiing down the slopes at Falls Creek, Victoria.' photograph by Uwe Steinward x3falls creek, snow, skiing, alpine sport, langlauf skmiing, uwe steinward

Falls Creek Ski Resort developed during the construction of the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme built by the State Electricity Commission of Victoria. The first ski lodge was built in 1948 by workers from the scheme. The first lift, a rope tow, was built in 1951 and the first chairlift in Australia was constructed there in 1957. Falls Creek Post Office opened in 1958. Tourism was growing and being encouraged by local businesses.The souvenir postcard was produced by Mr S. K. Pearce a Mt Beauty businessman. It was a memento for skiers and visitors to the Falls Creek and Mt Beauty area to send to family and friends as a reminder of their visit to the region or to keep as a personal souvenir. It presented an excellent promotional opportunity for enterprising local businessmen to promote the area to skiers and tourists near and far. It also presents an excellent pictorial history of the Falls Creek area around the late 1950's and 1960's.Colour postcard folder (unused) containing 12 labelled colored photos of the Falls Creek ski area and surrounds with a blank 'page' entitled 'Correspondence' and another for the address.falls creek, skiing, snow sports, s. k. pearce, tourism, secv

Falls Creek is a Ski Resort in the north east of Victoria. This brochure has been produced to encourage tourists to visit throughout the year.Tourism to the Kiewa Valley is an important industry for the area. Falls Creek is a ski resort with accommodation during winter for skiers, snow boarders and other snow sports. It involves entertainment, restaurants and associated workers. This brochure is produced to promote the resort throughout the year to increase the occupancy of these lodges. The tourist industry has increased steadily with fishing, cycling and bush walking increasing numbers in the area.Glossy square brochure folded in in half and half again. Front page is yellow on the left with black print on the far left. The right side has the title with blue, green and grey background with yellow, orange and white as part of the title. The back is a man standing in front of a sunset with print in a column towards the right side. Inside includes a map with advertisements for accommodation surrounding it.falls creek ski resort; alpine region in victoria; mountain lodges;

K2,3 and4 are of the Kiewa River and two of the bridges spanning the river along the valley. K3 and K4 would have been taken in the 1880's and show the type of trees and plant growth along the river prior to land clearing for farming. K5 is of the Running Creek Cricket Team and therefore there was sufficient population in the area to form and maintain a team as well as have other teams in the relatively near vicinity to provide competition. Note the horse drawn cart which provided transport. Date taken is unknown but possibly c 1910. The Mt. Buffalo Chalet was built in 1910 by the Victorian Government. It was Australia's first ski resort and has served generations of skiiers, hikers and families over the years. It was built for 3195 pounds and has had stories and wings added since and is the largest timber building in Australia. B4 is the earliest photo in this group as the garden is in early stages of development - the other photos show the growth of the shrubs and would be taken about c 1920. Note the cars and motor bikes. It closed in 2006. The other photos are of general interest only but interesting to see that there were donkey's grazing. There is no information as to their purpose on Mt. Buffalo. Four different Kiewa Valley families are represented in the photographs. Their descendants still live in the Valley and carry on the traditions of beef and dairy farming. Of particular interest is the photo of Miss Marjorie Clemence, the first School Teacher of Upper Gundowring School. Gundowring pastoral run was taken up in 1838 and occupied by framers in the 1860's. The area was known as Gundowring and Upper Gundowring. The Gundowring School was opened in 1871 and most likely the Upper Gundowring school would be built at the same time. It was School No. 2733 and situated in Boyd Road. It closed in 1953 when the Kiewa Consolidated School opened. The newspaper page describes the activities in which the local community of Kergunyah were in engaged in that period - Red Cross, Fire Brigade, cattle round up and some of the identities involved. The article photocopied from the Yackandandah times states that he (Norman Coad) "was sent to the Ovens District Hospital, Beechworth for treatment" which would mean that this was the closest hospital to the Kiewa Valley for emergencies in 1912.The Kiewa Valley photographs are of social significance showing two of the early bridges allowing the community easy access to both sides of the river and also the tree and plant growth before land clearing for farming. The photos of Mt. Buffalo Chalet have social, architectural and historical significance. the Chalet has been used by skiers, bush walkers and day trippers since its completion in 1910 and its closure in 2006. It is listed in the Victorian Heritage Register. The family photographs are of social and historical significance as they are of early farming families in the Kiewa Valley and also depict the dress, of both men and women) in the late 1880's. The write up in the Weekly Times has social significance as it depicts the social and farming activities and photos of the local residents from around that area. The article from the Yackandandah Times is of a personal nature with concern for the individual involved. Note: There is a photo of the gentleman mentioned in the article (Mr. Norman Coad) in the Families of the Kiewa Valley (F4) as above.30 black and white photographs - 5 of the Kiewa Valley, 8 of families of the Kiewa Vallley and 17 of Mt. Buffalo. Various sized photos. Page from the Weekly times and copied article from the Yackandandah Times on A4 sheet.(Note for easier identification they have been numbered and grouped - K1-5 (Kiewa Valley), F1-8 (Families) and B1-17 (Mt. Buffalo). K1: handwritten in ink, lower L hand corner "Bogong in the distance". K2: handwritten in ink lower L hand corner "Mongan's Bridge or Towonga". K3 handwritten in ink "Taken from Mongan Bridge looking up stream". K4 - no inscription. K5: handwritten in ink, back of photo "Running Creek Cricket Team". F1: handwritten in ink on back "Mrs. Heap" and lower down in pencil "1880's". F2 handwritten in pencil at top of back phot "Land at Tawonga TROVE The Y'dah Times 20/2/1913" and lower down in ink "Henry Ellis Larkin". F3: handwritten in ink bottom edge "Mrs Coad". Note that this photo is a postcard. F4: Written in ink lower edge "Norman Coad". Note this photo is also a postcard. F5: Lower left corner in Ink "Harry Larkin". F6: lower half back of photo, in ink "Bernie Maddison". F7: on back of photograph in ink "Miss Marjorie Clemence first School Teacher Upper Gundowring: and underneath, in pencil "C1880's". F8: Handwritten in ink on back of photo "Frank & Mrs. Keat & Lesley of Tawonga". Lower down in pencil "c1912-1914". B1: Back of photo in ink "The Chalet Mt. Buffalo". B2: no inscription. B3: "chalet at Bufflo" in ink lower left corner. B4: This is a post card. Written in ink is "Mt. Buffalo Chalet". B5 - B10 printed in ink, lower left corner "Buffalo". B11: no inscription. B12: "Mt. Buffalo" lower R corner. B13: "Buffalo?". B15: Printed in ink lower edge "Picnic at Buffalo". B16: "Donkeys on Mt. Buffalo" printed in ink lower edge. B17: handwritten in ink across back of photo "Donkeys & top of Mt. Buffalo with the Monileith in the distance". A4 sheet of paper describing an accident to Mr. Norman Coad. Under article is : Yackandandah Times (Vic: 1890 - 1931), Thursday 18 July 1912, page 3. A page torn from the Weekly Times, June 14, 1961 and entitled "Kergunyah has picturesque setting". kiewa valley, farming, families, kergunyah, gundowring upper, mt. buffalo chalet, briggs family, larki family, coad family, clemence family, laskowski collection

Mt Bogong is visited all year round. In 1936 Cleve Cole died after having been lost in a blizzard close to its summit. This resulted in the erection of snow poles and the Cleve Cole Hut.Mt Bogong, the highest mountain in Victoria, used by skiers in winter and bushwalkers in summer. The weather is variable.1. Article includes 'New Summit Hut' & includes effect of cattle on skiing conditions - 4 pages stapled top left corner 2. The Mt Bogong Disaster, 1936 Cleve Cole, Rescue. 10 pages stapled top left cornercleve cole, mt bogong, summit hut, snow, skiing disaster.

Ski boots were carried by wooden carriers when transporting ski equipment eg. from transport to snow line or accommodation. The boots had a lip at the front and back to enable them being clipped onto ski bindings and boot carriers.These ski boot carriers indicate the type of equipment that used to be used by skiers skiing on the High Plains and Falls Creek. It is also an example of the inventiveness and skill of people who made their own equipment that either couldn't be bought or wasn't available locally. A pair of wooden ski boot carriers made from light wood. The wood is thick at the heel end with an overhang for the heel of the boot. It has a thin leather strap at the toe end and an adjustable clamp at the toe end. The adjustable part consists of a clamp on either side of the wood held by 2 nuts that screw towards each boot . This clamp can slide up and down the hollow groove in the wood. One boot fits on each side of the wood. Reused wood with old marksski boots. snow. high plains. falls creek

Postcard produced Nillumbik Shire Council 2000 Children's photo project 'Nillumbik Naturally' developed by Focus Force Celbrating Childrens Week 2000artist studio, childrens week 2000, open studio, postcard, shire of nillumbik

Part of a presentation on "Significant Trees, Wildflowers and Local Gardens" by Russell Yeoman to the 10 November 2004 Eltham District Historical Society meeting35mm colour positive transparency (1 of 36) Mount - white (Pakon)eltham, significant tree, diamond valley trail, eltham community centre, oak tree, pitt street, sky writing, advertising

Part of a presentation on "Significant Trees, Wildflowers and Local Gardens" by Russell Yeoman to the 10 November 2004 Eltham District Historical Society meeting35mm colour positive transparency (1 of 36) Mount - white (Pakon)eltham, significant tree, diamond valley trail, eltham community centre, oak tree, pitt street, sky writing, advertising

"We chat with film makers Lucinda Horrocks and Jary Nemo about their film Harbour Lights. This is followed with a chat with Yau-Ming about his short film The Last Typewriter Shop in Melbourne. Both films will be showing at the next Melbourne Documentary Film Festival running over 10 days in July - July 21 - 31 at Nova Cinema." Broadcasted in Melbourne on Thursday, 24 June 2021 - 11:00am to 11:30amThe documentary was selected in several film festivals.Radio interview of Jary Nemo and Lucinda Horrocks by harbour lights, documentary, melbourne documentary film festival, mdff, jary nemo, lucinda horrocks, wind and sky productions, 2021, mission to seafarers, annie mcloughlin, media copy, 3cr, community radio

The post World War II migration of European "snow skiiers" into Australia combined with the construction of Hydo Electricity Schemes in both the N.S.W.and Victorian Alps regions, opened up these winter snow areas to a greater influx of tourists and holiday adventurers interested in "winter" sports. The ability to project, on a global scale, skiing facilities of international standards to those in the northern hemisphere during their summer has opened up the Australia ski resorts and their facilities to a much greater winter sport orientated population. These cross country skis were purchased by a member of the Bogong Ski Club and were part of a bulk ski stock consignment from Finland in 1966/67. They were introduced into the Victorian Alps to encourage skiers to take up cross country skiing both at Falls Creek and Mount Buller. This initiative spurred on the now annual 42 kilometre cross country "Kangaroo Hoppet" race at Falls Creek. This race is currently the biggest cross country snow skiing race in Australia. These snow skis were made in Finland. They are wooden (hickory) skis and made from four strips (glued and shaped) pieces of wood that are not laminated. There is a painted blue flash on the top of the skis that extends the full length of the skis. The face of the underside of the skis is flat and is coated in black Stockholm tar. Glider or grip wax was applied onto this base. The top body of the skis is tapered from shoe position to both front and back tips.Tapered curvatures from foot radiating to all sides provides the required aerodynamics. Metal boot bindings consisting of a toe plate with adjustable toe clip and a heel plate, both of which are screwed onto the skis. "KILPA, KARHU URHEILUTARPEITA SPORTART1KLAR, Karhu-Valtz Finland. Hickorypohjin"snow skiing, cross country skiing, falls creek winter tourism

Vinyl bag protected Doug's skis while travelling to the 1976 Winter Olympic Games.Handmade ski bag used to store and carry Doug Mc Conville's downhill skis. Doug skied in the 1976 Winter Olympic Games.Custom made and vinyl lined brown fabric bag with 120 cm zipper with 3 blue leather straps open-ended pocket with blue leather binding on one side. "D" initial in blue leather.Blue leather 'D'skis. doug mc conville. snow.

Used by Doug Mc Conville in the 1976 Winter Olympics. He crashed in his event.Local skier, Doug McConville skied at Falls Creek and used the skis in the 1976 Winter Olympics.Custom made red vinyl lined fabric bag with 110 cm zipper with silver stud. Blue leather reinforcing patches top and bottom. Blue leather "D" initial patch and bottomless side pocket with blue leather binding.Blue leather "D".doug mc conville. downhill skis. 1976 winter olympics. snow.

This rocket launching machine is used in conjunction with the Dennett Rocket Set. Both are part of the rocket rescue equipment that launches the line-throwing rescue rockets. A light line is threaded through the carved holes in the 8 foot long shaft and attached to the scribed channel at the base of the shaft. The rocket head is fitted to the shaft and inserted into the machine. The machine is set at an angle determined by the person in charge of the rescue crew, and the legs and base of the machine are adjusted accordingly with the use of the quadrant, or protractor, and plumb-bob on the side of the machine. The rocket is then ignited and fired across the vessel in distress. John Dennett - John Dennett was from Carisbrooke, in the Ilse of Wight, UK. In 1826 he invented, patented and demonstrated an improved method of rocket powered, line firing rescue equipment for saving lives. The rockets had a longer range than the mortars being used, they were lighter, needed less preparation time, only needed one line for repeated shots, and fewer people were needed to move the equipment. Very favourable reports of Dennett’s rockets were received by those in charge of His Majesty’s Naval and Military services. In 1832, Dennett’s rocket-thrown line was sent out to the wreck of the ‘Bainbridge’, and was responsible for nineteen survivors coming ashore in two boatloads, along the fired line. Dennett’s rocket received national fame, and a one-year contract to supply rockets to the Coastguards. He became known as ‘Rocket Man’ and his rockets were used in rescues at least until 1890, when his son Horatio was running the business. A rocket weighing 23 lb would have a range of about 250 yards (228 metres), on average. Saving lives in Warrnambool – The coastline of South West Victoria is the site of over 600 shipwrecks and many lost lives; even in Warrnambool’s Lady Bay there were around 16 known shipwrecks between 1850 and 1905, with eight lives lost. In 1859 the first Government-built lifeboat arrived at Warrnambool Harbour and a shed was soon built to house it. In 1858 the provision of rocket and mortar apparatus was approved for lifeboat stations in Victoria, and in 1864 a rocket house was built to safely store the rocket rescue equipment. In 1878 the buildings were moved to the Breakwater area, and in 1910 the new Lifeboat Warrnambool arrived with its ‘self-righting’ design. For almost a hundred years the lifeboat and rocket crews, mostly local volunteers, trained regularly to maintain their rescue skills. They were summoned when needed by alarms, gunshots, ringing bells and foghorns. Some became local heroes but all served an important role. By the end of the 1950s the lifeboat and rescue equipment had become obsolete. Rocket Rescue Method - The Government of Victoria adopted lifesaving methods based on Her Majesty’s Coast Guard in Great Britain. It authorised the first line-throwing rescue system in 1858. Captain Manby’s mortar powered a projectile connected to rope, invented in 1808. The equipment was updated to John Dennett’s 8-foot shaft and rocket method that had a longer range of about 250 yards. From the 1860s the breeches buoy and traveller block rocket rescue apparatus was in use. It was suspended on a hawser line and manually pulled to and from the distressed vessel carrying passengers and items. In the early 1870s Colonel Boxer’s rocket rescue method became the standard in Victoria. His two-stage rockets, charged by a gunpowder composition, could fire the line up to 500-600 yards, although 1000 yards range was possible. Boxer’s rocket carried the light line, which was faked, or coiled, in a particular way between pegs in a faking box to prevent twists and tangles when fired. The angle of firing the rocket to the vessel in distress was measured by a quadrant-type instrument on the side of the rocket machine. Decades later, in about 1920, Schermuly invented the line-throwing pistol that used a small cartridge to fire the rocket. The British Board of Trade published instructions for both the beach rescue crew and ship’s crew. It involved setting up the rocket launcher on shore at a particular angle measured by the quadrant, inserting a rocket that had a light-weight line threaded through its shaft, and then firing it across the stranded vessel, the line issuing freely from the faking board. A tally board was then sent out to the ship with instructions in four languages. The ship’s crew would haul on the line to bring out the heavier, continuous whip line, then secure the attached whip block to the mast or other sturdy part the ship. The rescue crew on shore then hauled out a stronger hawser line, which the ship’s crew fixed above the whip block. The hawser was then tightened using the block on the shore end of the whip. The breeches buoy and endless whip are then attached to the traveller block on the hawser, allowing the shore crew to haul the breeches buoy to and from the vessel, rescuing the stranded crew one at a time. This rocket launcher machine is significant for its connection with local history, maritime history and marine technology. Lifesaving has been an important part of the services performed from Warrnambool's very early days, supported by State and Local Government, and based on the methods and experience of Great Britain. Hundreds of shipwrecks along the coast are evidence of the rough weather and rugged coastline. Ordinary citizens, the Harbour employees, and the volunteer boat and rescue crew, saved lives in adverse circumstances. Some were recognised as heroes, others went unrecognised. In Lady Bay, Warrnambool, there were around 16 known shipwrecks between 1850 and 1905. Many lives were saved but tragically, eight lives were lost.Rocket launcher, named a Rocket Machine, and storage box. Launcher has a long open metal channel with a spike at the base, and narrow, rectangular device, which is the line-firing rocket machine, at the top, all painted blue. Two hinged wooden legs are attached where the channel and machine meet. The side of the machine has an oval cut-out window and an attached quadrant, or protractor, with a plumb-bob on it. The quadrant has angles marked in degrees. The long protective box has white stencilled letters along the side. Its lid has three hinges and is fastened with two metal latches.On box “ROCKET MACHINE” On quadrant “10” “20” “30” “40”flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, flagstaff hill, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck, life-saving, lifesaving, rescue crew, rescue, rocket rescue, maritime accidents, shipwreck victim, rocket crew, beach rescue, line rescue, rescue equipment, rocket firing equipment, rocket rescue equipment, rocket apparatus, beach apparatus, petticoat breeches, breeches buoy, rocket house, rocket shed, lifeboat men, rocket equipment, rocket machine, rocket head, rocket launcher, rocket line, marine technology, william schermuly, line-firing pistol, line throwing gun, schermuly pistol, pistol rocket apparatus, beach rescue set, traveller, block, running block, pulley, hawser, faking, faking box, faked line, rescue boat, lifeboat, lady bay, warrnambool harbour, port of warrnambool, tramway jetty, volunteer lifesavers, volunteer crew, breakwater, lifeboat warrnambool, rocket rescue method, rocket rescue apparatus, captain manby, mortar, henry trengrouse, sky rocket, john dennett, shore to ship, colonel boxer, two-stage rocket, italian hemp, quadrant, protractor, schermuly, line-throwing pistol, line throwing cartridge, rocket apparatus rescue, stranded vessel, tally board, light line, whip line, endless whip, petticoat buoy, traveller chair, traveller block, her majesty’s coast guard, harbour board, line thrower, line throwing, beach cart, hand barrow, sand anchor, hawser cutter, life jacket, faking board, welsh hand barrow, rocket set