Showing 2130 items
matching victoria railways
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Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BASIL MILLER COLLECTION: TRAMS - 'RUNNING JOURNAL', June 1971
Journal of the Tramway Museum Society of Victoria. Ltd. Volume 8, No. 3, June 1971. Thirty five cents. Sixteen pages. Front cover picture (right) from Victorian Railways, shows tram no. 304 which was one of 100 W class tramcars. 60 of them, including this one, were built by Holden's Body Builders of Adelaide. They were transported by rail to Melbourne then lifted onto horse-drawn vehicles for the final stage of their journey. On back cover (left) photo by R. Prentice. Picture of Bylands where the society is building a tramway museum for Victoria. History of document: Part of 'Basil Miller Tramways Collection'document -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - RAILWAYS COLLECTION: MAKING TRACKS!
Royal Historical society of Victoria. Making Tracks! Celebrating 150 years of the Victorian railways. Information sheet for participating societies. List of venues, content staffing, flyer, album database and publicity.railways, bendigo to melbourne, making tracks -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - BENDIGO PHOTO ALBUM
Small booklet, green cover with golden writing. Bendigo in large letters, Victoria Australia square ornate around. Photos inside: Charing Cross and Pall Mall. Conservatory grounds. Post office and Law courts. Botanical gardens, White Hills. The fountain Charing cross, Pall Mall. Chinese procession on Easter Monday. School of mines and industries. A group of Bendigo mines. View Point. Boring on a gold bearing reef. New chum railway gold mine. Queen statue, Rosalind park. Soldiers 'statue near post office. Conservatory, Rosalind park. Gold Jubilee statue, Pall Mall. on the back cover in pen: Miss E. Briggs, Locksly P.O N.E. Lina(?)bendigo, tourism, various photos -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - ALBERT RICHARDSON COLLECTION DEEP MINES ON THE BENDIGO FIELD
One page document titled ' Secretary for Mine's Report for 1911, Deep Mines page 24. List of mines and depths, The Victoria Quartz 4614 feet, New Chum Railway 4318 feet, Lazarus New Chum 3682 feet, New Chum and Victoria 3579 feet, North Johnson's 3498 feet, Carlisle 3460 feet, Lansell's 180 3365 feet, Clarence 3310 feet, Great Extended Hustlers 3290 feet, Ironbark 3250 feet, Victoria Consols 3114 feet, New Chum Consolidated 3099 feet, Eureka Extended3060 feet, Princess Dagmar 3020 feet, Johnsons Reef No 2 2020 feet.bendigo, mining, deep mines on the field -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - ALBERT RICHARDSON COLLECTION: UNDERGROUND CONNECTIONS
Buff cover, exercise book. On front cover: Mining Information. Underground Connections Approx. Longitudinal Sections. First page contains an index of the mines. Book contains handwritten records of the connections between the mines under Bendigo. Mines in index: Carshalton Line, Lancashire Line, Napoleon Line, British and Foreign Line, Nell Gwynne Line, New Chum Line, Eureka Extended, New Chum Railway, Shenandoah, Young Chum, Garibaldi, Ellesmere, New Chum United, Lansells 222, Lazarus, North Old Chum, Lansells Big 180, Great Extended Victoria, New Victoria, Catherine, New St. Mungo, Duchess of Edinburgh, Phoenix, St. Mungo, Sadowa, Acadia, Williams United, Catherine Reef United. Garde`n Guly Line, Great Southern to Ulster United.bendigo, mining, underground connections -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - ALBERT RICHARDSON COLLECTION: TOUR OF BENDIGO GOLDFIELD 1967
Seven page printed document. On top 'Royal Historical Society of Victoria, Bendigo Branch. Conducted tour of Bendigo Goldfields.' Easter 1967. Document lists the names and details of mines covered on the tour, including the : Central Deborah, corner Violet and Creek Street North Deborah, Breen Street, Quarry Hill The Deborah, off Adams Street, Quarry Hill The New Chum Railway, Breen Street, Golden Square Eureka Extended South Belle Vue. The Hustlers Hill area history. New Chum Hill history Mines on the New Chum Hill and vicinity: Lansell's 180 New Chum and Victoria The Lazarus New Chum United New Chum consolidated Garibaldi Long Gully mines The Ironbark Carlisle United Hercules Document is signed by A. Richardson.bendigo, mining, mine tour 1967 -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - SWEENEY COLLECTION: MINUTES BOOK (BENDIGONIANS SOCIETY IN MELBOURNE), 1940-1955
Minutes of the Bendigonians in Melbourne Society 1940-1955 (Meetings at the Victorian Railways Institute with F.C. Sweeney as Chairman 1946-1948. A substantial lined minute book - 383 of 574 pages used - with heavy brown purple cover.history, australian, victoria. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - NEW CHUM LINE OF REEF - REFERENCE FOR CALEB THOMAS PLANS
Two handwritten pages of reference numbers for Caleb Thomas plans. The numbers refer to mines on the New Chum Line of Reef.document, gold, new chum line of reef, new chum line of reef, reference for caleb thomas plans, new chum bellevue & railway reserve, bellevue & new chum, shenandoah, shamrock, old chum, little chum, new chum trib, young chum, cravens, garibaldi, no 1 ellesmere coy, new chum consolidated, ellesmere, new chum united, lansell's 222 (denis), lansell's 222 (new shaft), koch & hildebrandt (lansell's 222), lazarus co, sheer legs, old chum, new chum & victoria, north old chum, lansell's 180, victoria quartz, gt cent vic, victoria consols, victoria reef co (ironbark), hercules, energetic ladder shaft, energetic shaft -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - NEW CHUM LINE OF REEF - NOTES ON SHAFT DETAILS ON THE NEW CHUM LINE OF REEF
Ten pages and one smaller page of notes showing depth of shaft, sill, size of shaft, relation to line of reef, depth bottom plat, depth to bottom of well, number of compartments, reference and remarks. Mines mentioned are: Young Chum, Old Chum (Old South), Shamrock, Shenandoah, New Chum Railway, Eureka Ext'd, South Belle Vue United, Lansell's 222, Denis Shaft, New Chum United, Ellesmere (North Shaft), New Chum Consolidated, Ellesmere No 1 or (South Shaft) also known as New Chum Coy, Garibaldi, Craven's, Lansell's Bit 180, North Old Chum, New Chum & Victoria, Old Chum, Lazarus New Chum Main, Lazarus New Chum (Old), Victoria Reef Gold (Ironbark), Victoria Consols, Adventure & Advance, Gt Central Victoria, Ballerstedt, Humbold, Victoria (Reef) Quartz, Pearl (later Hercules New Chum), Hercules Extended (Pearl (South) later, North Hercules, Hercules and Energetic, Hercules (Old),South Devonshire, Duchess Tribute, New St Mungo, Duke of Edinburgh, New Victoria Catherine (later Hercules Consols), Dixon's Tribute, Great Victoria Extended, Hopewell, Saxon & Celt Extended, St Mungo, Princess Alexander,West United Devonshire, United Devonshire, Duchess of Edinburgh, Sadowa, (Old) St Mungo, Lady Barkly, Princess Alice (South St Mungo) previously Gov. Barkly, Unicorn (Trib), Phoenix, Williams (New), Acadia Catherine, William United (Old Shaft), Snob's Hill Shaft, York & Durham, Belmont & Saxby, Ellenborough, Catherine Reef Extended, New Franklin, Murchison, Catherine Reef United Main Shaft, Catherine Reef United South Shaft. Small page has notes on the York and Durham: Reference - Matthew Mann - Mine Manager's Report 3/7/1893. This paragraph: Quote - 'Also measured main shaft from surface 1,430 and found it to be 1,416 feet and from Brace - 1,428 feet. Poppet legs 12 feet. Reference - Matthew Mann - Mine Manager's Report 15/7/1893 'Received cheque from La Belle Co. for 2 pound 13 shillings - which I payed into credit of Company'. Note: Report shows this to happen on several occasions. Note initialled AR.document, gold, new chum line of reef, new chum line of reef, notes on shaft details on the new chum line of reef, young chum, old chum (old south), shamrock, shenandoah, new chum railway, eureka ext'd, south belle vue united, lansell's 222, denis shaft, new chum united, ellesmere (north shaft), new chum consolidated, ellesmere no 1 or (south shaft) also known as new chum coy, garibaldi, craven's, lansell's bit 180, north old chum, new chum & victoria, old chum, lazarus new chum main, lazarus new chum (old), victoria reef gold (ironbark), victoria consols, adventure & advance, gt central victoria, ballerstedt, humbold, victoria (reef) quartz, pearl (later hercules new chum), hercules extended (pearl (south) later, north hercules, hercules and energetic, hercules (old), south devonshire, duchess tribute, new st mungo, duke of edinburgh, new victoria catherine (later hercules consols), dixon's tribute, great victoria extended, hopewell, saxon & celt extended, st mungo, princess alexander, west united devonshire, united devonshire, duchess of edinburgh, sadowa, (old) st mungo, lady barkly, princess alice (south st mungo) previously gov. barkly, unicorn (trib), phoenix, williams (new), acadia catherine, william united (old shaft), snob's hill shaft, york & durham, belmont & saxby, ellenborough, catherine reef extended, new franklin, murchison, catherine reef united main shaft, catherine reef united south shaft -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Map - BENDIGO GOLDFIELD MAP
Two not very clear copies of the Bendigo Goldfield Map. Streets, Railway Line, Lines of Reefs and mines are shown. Dept. of Mines, Victoria printed on the map. Shows reefs from Bird's Line of Reefs to Lightning Hill Line of Reef.map, bendigo, goldfields, bendigo goldfield map, lines of reefs, dept. of mines victoria -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - FOSTER AND WILSON COLLECTION: LETTER, 27/12/15
Letter from Joseph Sternberg MLC 1891 - 1928 Bendigo Province To Mr Henry Wilson, Victorian Railways, Rochester. Letter has Legislative Council Victoria emblem on the top and State Parliament House, Melbourne printed in red. (b) Envelope also has emblem printed on back flap.document, foster & wilson collection, mr henry wilson, joseph sternberg mlc, legislative council victoria -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - FOSTER AND WILSON COLLECTION: SYMPATHY CARD, Sept. 1933
... Wilson, Railway Station, South Yarra, Victoria from Mr and Misses... card with narrow black edges. Addressed to Mr H Wilson, Railway ...White card with narrow black edges. Addressed to Mr H Wilson, Railway Station, South Yarra, Victoria from Mr and Misses Clifford 'Killologue' Gladstone Street, Bendigo and dated Sept. 1933 thanking him for kind expressions of sympathy in their recent sad bereavement. Envelope also has black edges.person, individual, foster & wilson collection, foster & wilson collection, mr h. wilson, mr and misses clifford, 'killologue' -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Map - FORTUNA HUSTLER'S MINE - PLAN OF FORTUNA HUSTLER'S MINE
Map and plan of the Fortuna Hustler's Mine on the Hustler's Line of Reefs. Bulletin No 33, Plate No 1. Plan gives depth of the different levels. Bendigo Railway Station is on the map and also a number of the streets. Carpenter Street is called Cemetery Road. Also on the Hustler's Line of Reef is the Summer Hill Shaft. Shown is the Hustler's Royal Reserve No 2 Lease. Map has the Geological Survey of Victoria crest. It is signed by H Whit ?an Underground Survey Office Bendigo, September 1913. This item has not been scanned or photographed.map, fortuna hustler's mine, plan of fortuna hustler's mine, hustler's royal reserve no 2 lease, summer hill shaft, hustler's line of reef -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - NEW CHUM RAILWAY MINE - GOLD MINES OF BENDIGO & EAGLEHAWK
Handwritten notes on the New Chum Railway Mine and other mines and connections between various mines underground. Descriptions of mines and their equipment. Mines mentioned are: New Chum Railway Mine, Eureka Extended, Shenandoah, Shamrock Mine, Young Chum, Old Chum, Little Chum, New Chum Tribute, Cravens, Garibaldi, New Chum Consolidated, Menzies, Ellesmere, Consolidated, Denis, Lansell's 222, New Chum United, Kochs & Hildebrandt Mine, Lazarus, Central Blue, Lazarus No 1 Coy, Hudson's, Burrows & Sterry, Victoria Tribute, North Old Chum, Lansell's Big 180, Sandhurst, Victoria Quartz, The Great Central Victoria (known as the 'Midway'), Victoria Consols, Advance, Adventure, Ironbark, Victoria Gold Mines Company, No 83 claim, The Hercules & Energetic, North Energetic, Victoria Pilot, Bendigo Amalgamated Goldfields Company, Pearl, Hercules No 1, Hercules New Chum, Great Extended Victoria, New Victoria Catherine, Mystery (later the Duke of Edinburgh), New St Mungo, Duchess Tribute, Extended South Devonshire, South Devonshirte, Duchess of Edinburgh, Princess Alexandia (later United Devonshire), Danes, United Devonshire, South Devonshire, Hopewell, Phoenix, Unicorn, Lady Barkly, Sadowa, Eastwood Lease, Ellenborough, Belmont & Saxby, York & Durham, Acadia, Williams United, Ulster, North Red White & Blue, North Deborah, Catherine Reef United, Central Catherine, Princess Alice, Catherine Reef United, Murchison, North Catherine (or Franklin), Catherine Reef Extended,document, gold, gold mines of bendigo & eaglehawk, new chum railway mine, gold mines of bendigo & eaglehawk, eureka extended, shenandoah, shamrock mine, young chum, old chum, little chum, new chum tribute, cravens, garibaldi, new chum consolidated, menzies, ellesmere, consolidated, denis, lansell's 222, new chum united, kochs & hildebrandt mine, lazarus, central blue, lazarus no 1 coy, hudson's, burrows & sterry, victoria tribute, north old chum, lansell's big 180, sandhurst, victoria quartz, the great central victoria (known as the 'midway'), victoria consols, advance, adventure, ironbark, victoria gold mines company, no 83 claim, the hercules & energetic, north energetic, victoria pilot, bendigo amalgamated goldfields company, pearl, hercules no 1, hercules new chum, great extended victoria, new victoria catherine, mystery (later the duke of edinburgh), new st mungo, duchess tribute, extended south devonshire, south devonshirte, duchess of edinburgh, princess alexandia (later united devonshire), danes, united devonshire, south devonshire, hopewell, phoenix, unicorn, lady barkly, sadowa, eastwood lease, ellenborough, belmont & saxby, york & durham, acadia, williams united, ulster, north red white & blue, north deborah, catherine reef united, central catherine, princess alice, catherine reef united, murchison, north catherine (or franklin), catherine reef extended, mr clark magee, john delbridge - engineers, a harkness & sons, mr lansell, b c v 8 studios, mr gibbs, mr barnet lazarus, mt alvernia hospital, p m g repeater station, john brown knitwear, mr burrows, mr sterry, john wybrants, mr wittschiebe, theodore ballerstadt, mr wm rae, california hill state school, freeman & coy -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - NEW CHUM RAILWAY MINE - NOTES ON THE NEW CHUM RAILWAY MINE
... , the New Chum Railway Mine and the Victoria Quartz were the deepest... on the New Chum Railway Mine Victoria Quartz Great Extended Hustler's ...Handwritten notes on the New Chum Railway Mine on the New Chum Line of Reef. Notes include depth of shaft, (At the time, the New Chum Railway Mine and the Victoria Quartz were the deepest in the world), size of lease, locality, plant, engine houses, crushing battery, early history, where the best gold was found, prominence, total gold production and dividends.document, gold, new chum railway mine, new chum railway mine, notes on the new chum railway mine, victoria quartz, great extended hustler's coy, w d c denovan, mr piper, rourke & henderson's claim, young chum reef, thorpe's reef, shenandoah reef, mines dept. special edition australian mining standard 1/6/1899, mines dept booklet bendigo goldfield geo brown 1936, annals of bendigo mining sections 1880 to 1910, a richardson -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BILL ASHMAN COLLECTION: CORRESPONDENCE
Carbon copy of a letter dated 27 June, 1938. Letter is to A. S. Bloomfield, Esq. No name of who it is from. Items mentioned are: What the Scalebuoy Process is, Fields of Application, Installations operating in the State of Victoria, Patents, Gross Margin of Profits, Promotion and Finance, Manufacture and Working Capital.sciences, instruments - general, scalebuoy, bill ashman collection - correspondence, scotts hotel, a s bloomfield esq, nell gwynne gold mine bendigo, crown hotel bendigo, hunters cordial factory, ice works bendigo, victorian railways, bendigo electronic company of (australia) pty ltd, r h s abbott, h a abbott -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - RAILWAYS COLLECTION: TRANSCRIPT OF A PRESENTATION OF TWO TRACKS TO BENDIGO
Railways Collection -Transcript of a presentation of 'Two Tracks to Bendigo' by Terry Davidson - A talk presented as part of the Making Tracks Exhibition 150 th Anniversary of rail Transport in Victoria. Presented at Dudley House, View St Bendigo on 20.2.2005 by Terry Davidson.railways, bendigo to melbourne -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - RAILWAYS COLLECTION: MELBOURNE TO BENDIGO RAILWAY 1862-2012
... of a Railway map of Victoria,1947.... of a Railway map of Victoria,1947. Book RAILWAYS COLLECTION: MELBOURNE ...RAILWAYS COLLECTION -Booklet - Melbourne to Bendigo Railway 1862-2012. Produced by the Bendigo Historical Society Inc. in 2012 Editor Jim Evans. Paper booklet 21x30 cm stapled. The front cover shows a photo of steam Train (appears to be an A Class Loco) at Bendigo Railway Station C 1860's and part of a Railway map of Victoria,1947.Jim Evansbook -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - RAILWAYS COLLECTION: COLOUR PHOTO OF ELPHINSTONE TUNNEL
... and forms an historic link with the early railways of... by the Victorian railways took place on the Bendigo-Melbourne line ...RAILWAYS COLLECTION 2 x -Colour Photos of Elphinstone Tunnel (this photo was used by Jim Evans in his booklet -Melbourne to Bendigo Railway 1862-2012 and quotes the Photographer as Geoffrey Russell). The photo is printed on quality paper showing an entrance to the tunnel which is in fair condition with bricks and stone on the face and has two train tracks running through.Geoffrey Russellphotograph, landscape, elphinstone tunnel long rail laid bendigo, wednesday.—one of the most unusual operations undertaken by the victorian railways took place on the bendigo-melbourne line at the elphinstone tunnel this afternoon, when two rails, each 1, 710ft. in length, were placed in posi- tion in the tunnel. these rails were the longest ever laid in victoria, the previous greatest length being 225ft. the tunnel, which is 1, 254ft. in length, is the longest in the state, and forms an historic link with the early railways of victoria, being constructed in 1862, three years after the first train ran in australia. the object of the work is to improve the track for the fast train services and to reduce the cost of maintenance. by putting in a welded rail right through the tunnel the use of "fish plates" will be eliminated. for the new undertaking 110lb. rails are being used to replace the 80lb. rails at present in use. the rails, each weighing 30 tons, were made from 38 sets of rails of 45ft. each, the welding taking place on the site of the work. hauled by an x35 locomotive the long rail was placed in position 3½ minutes after the first pull. the work was carried out without any in- terruption to traffic. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - COHN BROTHERS COLLECTION: AGREEMENT LAND AT SWAN HILL
Manilla envelope headed ' Agreement re Land at Swan Hill Victorian Railways Commission with Cohns Bros Victoria Brewery, from 1st January 1949 and from 1st October 1951. Two agreements contained within envelope.bendigo, industry, cohn bros brewery -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Map - RAILWAYS COLLECTION: PHOTO OF RAILWAY POSTAL & TELEGRAPH MAP OF VICTORIA 1887, 1887
RAILWAYS COLLECTION- photo of Railway Postal & Telegraph Map of Victoria 1887- aged map showing the various Country Lines and insets show Melbourne and vicinity, Ballarat and vicinity and Geelong and vicinity.Picturesque Atlas Publishing Companyphotograph, railway postal & telegraph map of victoria 1887- -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - RAILWAYS COLLECTION: STATE ELECTRICITY COMMISSION OF VICTORIA ELECTRIC TRAMWAYS BY-LAW NO1
RAILWAYS COLLECTION - STATE ELECTRICITY COMMISSION OF VICTORIA. Electric Tramways By-law No1 small light brown book H.E.Daw, Government printer, Melbourne light brown cover - back missing.H.E.Daw , Government printertramways -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - RAILWAYS COLLECTION: INSTRUCTIONS FOR TRAMWAY TRAFFIC INSPECTORS BOOK
RAILWAYS COLLECTION - Small green State Electricity Commission of Victoria Provincial Tramways - Instructions for Tramway Traffic Inspectors book (issued 1951) - 25 pages.book -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Map - RAILWAY POSTAL & TELEGRAPH MAP OF VICTORIA, 1887
... Victoria railway Picturesque Atlas Publishing Co Ltd Sydney ...Railway Postal & Telegraph Map of Victoria 1887 printed on canvas in a fold out book form with name printed on back F.L.Outtrim, in a cardboard cover with red and blue pattern.Picturesque Atlas Publishing Co Ltd Sydney & Melbournemap, victoria, railway -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Map - WOODSTOCK : COUNTY OF BENDIGO, 4-7-35
Map. Woodstock, County of Bendigo, Derby, Leichardt, Marong, Shelbourne, Laanecoorie, Tarnagulla. Bradford Creek, Maldon and Laanecoorie Railway. Drawn and reproduced at the Department of Lands and Survey, Melbourne, Victoria.4-7-35. Price 2/-. By authority H.J. Green,Govt. Printer. (number 41 in map cupboard 1)H.J. Green, Govt. Printer.map, bendigo, woodstock -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BENDIGO CITY ADVERTISING BROCHURE, 1929
1929 dated four page brochure advertising that Bendigo was an ideal centre for secondary industry. Interior view of Railway workshops, Law Courts, and a typical barren potential factory site. Hundreds of such sites gravitating towards railway station advertised. Australia wants secondary industry come to Bendigo. Bendigo is geographically situated to become the Manchester of Victoria.Advance Bendigo and the North Leaguebook, bendigo, bendigo, bendigo industry -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Map - HARCOURT, December 1951
Harcourt, County of Bendigo, Walmer, Castlemaine, Sutton Grange. Mt.Alexander Trig. Station, Barkers Creek, Faraday, Calder Highway, Northern Railway. By Authority J.J.Gourley, Government Printer, Melbourne,Drawn and Reproduced at the Dept. of Lands and Survey, Melbourne, Victoria. December 1951. Price 5/-per sheet. (number 35 in map cupboard 1)J.J.Gourley, Government Printer, Melbourne.map, bendigo, harcourt -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BADHAM COLLECTION: LETTER R. HUDDLE RE COST OF LIVING FIGURES
Document: letter to R. huddle, A.F.U.L.E., from C. Collins, General Secretary, dated 27th. October, 1939. re cost of living figures and index figure for the five towns in Victoria. Basic wage for the coming quarters 13/2 per day.organisation, union, a.f.u.l.e., huddle, collins, cost of living, wages, victorian railways, a.f.u.l.e. -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Postcard - Railway Pier, Port Melbourne, 1914
Collected by Alison Kelly when she was caretaking the Missions to Seamen Building 1987-90.One of six mounted postcards: Handcoloured postcard "Departure of R.M.S. Victoria". Possible location Geelong.piers and wharves - railway pier -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Postcard - Yachts on Hobsons Bay, 1880 - 1952
Collected by Alison KELLY when she was caretaking the Missions to Seamen Building 1987-90.One of four postcards of various locations in Port Melbourne. Hand tinted postcard - Yachts on Hobson's bay. In a 'window' with curtains either side and the words "Sunny Victoria" as a heading.piers and wharves - railway pier, piers and wharves - princes pier, parks and gardens