THE SKIRT The skirt has a gentle, soft, feminine design which keeps it in good shape and condition, preserving it from soiling and prolonging its life: - the satin fabric is softly pleated at the waist and falls gently to almost floor length - the opening is concealed at the back within one of the folds and closes with hooks and eyes underneath the bow at the back of the jacket - the horizontal stitching at the base of the skirt joins the lining to the skirt, and the firmness it creates allows it to gently flare out at the base without the need of hooped petticoats - a removable fabric lining at the hem protects the front and back of the skirt from friction and soiling from the wearer’s footwear THE SKIRT This evening outfit is significant for its connection with colonial Australia, Victoria and Warrnambool. It is a fine example of female fashion of the mid to late 1900s. The outfit is significant for its connection with a wedding uniting two colonial families from Northern Ireland who immigrated to Australia in the mid-1850s. The families had a significant role in the history of Warrnambool and district. The outfit is significant too for connecting the colonial families to the indigenous culture of the district and the contact between the native and European people. The lined, floor-length, amber satin skirt has gentle folds that gather into a fitted waistband. One of the folds at the back conceals the opening of the skirt that fastens using metal hooks and eyes. The bow at the back of the jacket covers the top of the closure. There are metal hooks distributed around the top of the waistband. The skirt is stitched horizontally around the hem in several rows. There is a removable fabric lining at the base of the skirt.evening skirt, ladies 1h century skirt, satin skirt, antique satin skirt

Medal ribbon used for Olympic medals in the Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games and made from fine 19.5 micron merino wool. It was made by Melbourne company TD Noone Woven Products who created the ribbon on a conventional ribbon loom. The finishing processes were undertaken by Superior Fit Australia, an Albury-based company. The ribbon was colour tested against various garment colours to confirm design suitability and colour balance and trialed for wearer comfort as it needed to be soft against the skin when carrying a medal. Durability was important as an Olympic medal is a lifelong keepsake. Woolmark supplied 5.2 kilometres of completed ribbon for medal useage.wool - superfine, woolmark company td noone woven products superior fit australia, ribbon, sport, the woolmark company 2000 australian olympic display - exhibition (21/12/2001 - 24/05/2002)

This top hat belonged to bank manager Walter Tom Washington (1870-1948). Walter emigrated to Victoria from the Isle of Man at the age of eleven with his family in 1884. His daughter Lucy Frances Morrison (1905-2005) donated his hat to the Society in 1977, while she was living in Brighton. She recalled that he had purchased the hat for a wedding in 1911 and would wear it to church on Sundays. Established in London in 1773 by Miller Christy, Christys' continues to manufacture hats today. Their hats have been worn by members of the British royal family, Winston Churchill and Marlon Brando in the film 'The Godfather'.Black plush silk top hat with cream silk lining and leather and padded cloth interior bands. Black wool band.Label, printed in blue on crown silk lining: ENGLISH MANUFACTURE / CHRISTYS' LONDON'top hat, silk plush, nineteenth century, christy & co, christys', menswear, walter tom washington

The Fashion & Design collection of the Kew Historical Society includes examples of women’s, men’s, children’s and infants’ clothing from the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Items in the collection were largely produced for, or purchased by women in Melbourne, and includes examples of outerwear, protective wear, nightwear, underwear and costume accessories.The V&A's history of fashion describes 1930s dresses as characterised by '... a slinky femininity... Parisian couturiers introduced the bias-cut into their designs, which caused the fabric to skim over the body's curves. Long, simple and clinging evening gowns, made of satin were popular. Often the dresses had low scooping backs'.Full length floral crepe evening dress with squared neck and short puffed sleeves.australian fashion - 1930s, women's clothing, evening dresses

This item is from a collection donated by descendants of John Francis Turner of Wodonga. Thimbles were used for both practical and decorative purposes and were created in a range of styles. Popular history also suggests that roots of the modern-day wedding ring in America had an interesting tie to a thimble. Puritans that colonized in early America did not believe in adornment. A common practice among these early Americans was for a man to present a thimble to his fiancée which was symbolic of his wish to marry her. These brides began to cut off the rim on these thimbles and making a simple band they would wear on their finger. Thus, the practice of wedding rings for women started.This item comes from a collection used by a prominent citizen of Wodonga. It is also representative of a domestic item common in the 1930s.A silver thimble decorated with filigree work above a solid bottom section.domestic items, filigree thimble, womens social history, women's work

Wales Street State School poultry club lesson “Fresh eggs for breakfast will be available now in many Northcote homes. Mr Taylor of the Wales Street School, is explaining the points of a good hen to the members of the school poultry club.” Mr Taylor of Ballarat was founder of the largest Young Farmers’ Club in Western Victoria. He was also in charge of Grade 6 at Northcote’s Wales Street State School No. 3139 and president of their poultry club. The chook under inspection is the Australorp, an Australian breed developed from the UK Black Orpington and the US Rhode Island Red. It achieved world-wide popularity in the 1920s for its laying ability: in a 1922/23 world record, six hens laid an average of 309.5 eggs per hen during a 365 consecutive day trial. MCK 059 Published: The Age 16 March 1934 Featured in "Newsworthy: Melbourne in photographs 1933-1936" exhibition at East Melbourne Library, October to December 2023. Exhibition caption by project volunteer, Louise McKenzie. Photographer notations on slide: "B20" Published: 16 March 1934 The Age p3 Published title: SUBURBAN BOYS' POULTRY CLUB Published caption: Fresh eggs for breakfast will be available now in many Northcote homes. Mr. Taylor, of the Wales-street school, is explaining the points of a good hen to the members of the school poultry club. Trove article identifier: http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article203841415 Description: The scene is outside in a school playground. 25 schoolboys and one teacher stand around a wooden table on which a large live chicken is standing. An instructor stands beside the chicken, holding a ruler, which rests lightly on the chicken’s neck. The boys wear shorts and shirts. Mostly they wear shoes or boots and socks, although one has bare feet. Some wear a jacket, some wear ties; one has braces. Their hair has been freshly brushed. One boy stands out from the group: he appears older than the others and wears a tie, shirt and blazer, with two badges on the lapel. The young teacher wears a slightly scruffy short suit with shirt and tie; the instructor wears a dark suit with tie and hat. The boys are carrying exercise books. They look to be around 10 years of age. Research by project volunteer, Louise McKenzie: From the text of the newspaper article we know this is the Wales Street Primary School, in Northcote. It opened in 1891 when it was known as the Prince of Wales Park State School. As a result of economic depression it closed in 1892, but reopened in 1900, and in 1920 reached its peak with 1232 pupils. The instructing teacher is Mr James Taylor, who was leader of the school’s Poultry Club. He wrote articles for the Age explaining that “since 1927 when the Young Farmers Clubs were first established in Victorian State schools, poultry keeping as a school project and a hobby has become extremely popular.” He encouraged girls and boys to become involved for profit and pleasure. White Leghorn and Australorp breeds were good egg producers, but most important were, “the 4 G’s of poultry farming:— grains, greens, grit and gumption — the latter being extremely important. One might be excused also for asking that the word "grit" be read with a double meaning. Brain sees through a thing, but grit sees it through. The successful person in poultry keeping is he or she who continues to work well with the birds long after the novelty has died off.” According to a visitor to the Poultry Club, expert farmer Mr Buscomb of NUPHA, the key features of a good bird were that it should be "as wide as possible across the saddle, have a clean face, close feathers, bayonet shaped legs, and fine textured combs and wattles." The Australorp is a chicken breed of Australian origin, developed out of Black Orpington (UK) and Rhode Island Red birds. White Leghorn, Langshan and Minorca elements were also added, resulting in a very utilitarian bird known as the Australian Black Orpington (Austral-orp). It achieved world-wide popularity in the 1920s for its laying ability. In 1922-23 a team of six hens set a world record by laying 1857 eggs for an average of 309.5 eggs per hen during a 365 consecutive day trial. In Australia the Australorp is recognised in black, white and blue colouring. The Weekly Times of Saturday 24 February 1934 reported that Mr James Taylor of Ballarat, founder of the largest Young Farmers’ club in Victoria (at Murtoa) was now in charge of Grade 6 at the Wales Street State School No. 3139 and was president of their poultry club. This feature followed in The Age of 16 March 1934, with another in 28 December 1934. The topic is again featured in the Weekly Times of April 1935 – Mr Taylor was making quite an impact! References: SUBURBAN BOYS' POULTRY CLUB--PREMIERSHIP CRICKET TEAM--AROUND THE SUN DIAL--"EYES LEFT !" (1934, March 16). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 3. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article203841415 Poultry at Northcote (1935, April 27). Weekly Times (Melbourne, Vic. : 1869 - 1954), p. 47. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223353807 POCKET MONEY FROM POULTRY. (1934, December 28). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 14. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205074190 A City Club (1934, February 24). Weekly Times (Melbourne, Vic. : 1869 - 1954), p. 49. Retrieved September 19, 2023, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223202561 Australorp, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AustralorpPhotographer notations on slide: "B20".schools, poultry, clubs, 1930-1939

This pair of brass binoculars was presented to Tom Pearce in recognition of his heroic efforts at the wrecking of the Loch Ard and saving Eva Carmichael. They were presented to him by the Lady Mayoress of Sydney on 27th July 1878 on behalf of the colonists of New South Wales "In recognition of his gallant conduct on the occasion of the wreck of the Loch Ard". Tom (Thomas) Pearce was born in Ireland in 1859 and arrived in Melbourne two years later; he considered himself as Australian. Before sailing on the Loch Ard he had been at sea for three years as an apprentice sailor and had already experienced one shipwreck. Tom was on the deck of the Loch Ard with Captain Gibb throughout the night of May 31st 1878. It was mistakenly thought they were 150 miles (240 km) southwest of Cape Otway. By 2:00 am on June 1st, the wind was blowing "pretty fresh" but a thick haze remained and, when it eventually cleared, the land was so close the unsuccessful battle to save the Loch Ard began. After the ship struck Mutton Bird Island Tom and five others were sent to the lifeboats. Conditions were very dangerous as waves broke over the decks and they were all washed away. Tom found himself in the stormy waters and under a lifeboat, which had also been washed into the sea. After being swept into the gorge Tom left the boat and swam into shore; he was alone. Eva Carmichael, a passenger on the ship, had been snatched from her bed just before dawn and into the chaos, confusion and terror of the shipwreck, with rigging and rocks raining down. Thrown into the sea, she afterwards said: "God taught me to swim in my distressful plight, for I never swam before". Clinging to a spar, she was swept into the gorge and saw Tom Pearce walking along the beach. Upon hearing the cries of Eva, Tom swam out and with great difficulty brought her to the shore and placed her safely in a cave where he made a bed of grass and shrubs and gave her brandy to revive her. She sank into exhausted unconsciousness. Tom then scrambled to the top of the high cliff and after walking for some time he stumbled upon workers from Glenample Homestead. They rode back to the homestead for help but Tom insisted on returning to Eva. When Eva awoke she found herself alone, "cold, weak and terrified with the wild waves before me, and caves and cliffs around me" and upon hearing strange noises, which she imagined to be made by the local indigenous people, she hid. The noises were made by the rescue party from Glenample Homestead. After eventually discovering Eva they hauled her up the cliff in the darkness of night, “a work of great difficulty and danger” and took her to Glenample. Sadly, Tom and Eva were the only survivors of the 54 people on board the Loch Ard. Tom’s rewards for his bravery included the Gold Medal of the Humane Society, a gold watch and £1000 from the Victorian Government, a set of nautical instruments, (which included the binoculars) from the people of Sydney and £60 from the people of Warrnambool. He was also presented with a Bible by a “Friend of the Loyal Orange Institution of Victoria, Protestant Hall Melbourne” in August 1878. Coleman Jacobs composed the music "The Young Hero Schottische" and dedicated it, by permission, to Mr Thomas R. (Tom) Pearce. The sheet music was published in 1878 by Mr Roberts, professor of dancing and was on sale for 3/- (3 shillings) in aid of the "Loch Ard" fund. Tom Pearce went on to join the Loch Sunart on her return to England, only to be wrecked again off the Irish coast in January 1879. Tom left the Loch Line in 1883 and the following year married Edith Gurney Strasenbergh, the sister of his friend Robert who had died on the Loch Ard. They had three children, unfortunately, two of the male children were to die at sea. In 1895 Tom obtained his first command as Master of The Larne, a vessel with the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company. He remained with the company until he died in Southampton, England, on 14th December 1908. Tom Pearce never saw Eva Carmichael after he had fare welled her some 30 years before. Eveline Victoria Berta Carmichael was born in 1859 in Mountrath, Queens County, Ireland. After recovering from her ordeal in August 1878 Eva returned to Ireland and in 1884 married Thomas Achilles Townshend, a Civil Engineer. They had three sons, all of whom had successful military careers, and when Eva’s death notice appeared in the Melbourne Argus It read. "Townshend on 8th April 1934 aged 74 at her residence in Bedford, England, Evaline Victoria, widow of the late Thomas Archilles Townshend, C.E. of Co. Cork, Ireland. Mrs Townshend was the Eva Carmichael who, with the late Tom Pearce, were the only two survivors of the ship Loch Ard, which was wrecked near Port Campbell on June 1st 1878." The binoculars are significant for their association with the wreck of the Loch Ard and the only two surviving members of that wreck Tom Pearce and Eva Carmichael. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from Loch Ard is significant for being one of the largest. The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefacts from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefacts from this notable Victorian shipwreck. The collections object is to also give us a snapshot into history so we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. The assemblage of items from the wreck is of historical significance in that they are associated with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history. Pair of brass marine binoculars in a wooden box On the left hand eye piece, on the underside, is an engraved inscription and another engraved word. On the right hand eye piece there is another small inscription and on the underside there is a small green mark. The binoculars have a pattern of embossed tiny circles on the outside. Some of the patterning is very shiny due to wear and rubbing, there is a brass ring on the underside of the binoculars for the attachment of a lanyard. The wooden box has a hinged lid and on the front of the box in the centre is a lock, and at either end are two hooks and eyes. The box is split across the top for about 3/4 of the length. Marking on the left underside reads, 'Presented on behalf of the Colonists of New South Wales By the Mayoress of Sydney on 27th. July 1878 to Mr Thomas B Pearce. In recognition of his gallant conduct on the occasion of the wreck of the "Loch Ard"'. Underneath this inscription is engraved 'Sydney'. On the other eye piece is engraved what looks like 'Mac Donnell & Co' binoculars, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, loch ard shipwreck, tom pearce, thomas r pearce, eva carmichael, mutton bird island, loch ard survivor, loch ard hero, coleman jacobs, the young hero schottische, photograph of tom pearce, glenample homestead

This style of mask was developed in Britain and began to appear from the 1930s, though original models may have been produced in the 1920s. Various patents for this style of mask were still being filed in the 1960s, so they were used for a considerable period of time. It is possible that the original filter pads for these masks contained asbestos, as they supposedly utilised 'fire proof' materials. Asbestos was already in use in other British respirator masks at this time. Original cataloguing information believed this item to be an eye shield, but further research has indicated that this is not the case.Mask consists of a metal plate designed to cover the lower half of the face. There is a recess along the top edge of the plate designed for the nose to sit in. There is a large oblong opening with rounded corners at the centre of the mask, which is a mouth opening to assist speech and is the main air intake. There are five round holes on either side of the mask, likely included to decrease the mask's breathing resistance for the wearer. Rounded slots at each edge of the mask are threaded through with an elastic strap, used for attaching the mask to the face. This mask would have been used with a filtering pad attached, but the pad is missing.

Objects.Wedding cake decorative assortment. Paper serviette:presumably from Reception - in red and blue lettering: Pellegrinis Melbourne, and an illustration of a cup of coffee. Cake decoration silk flower, velvet flowers, pearl trims, foil leaves: Plastic decorative heart shaped cake decorations with love bird and ring: Three velvet flowers with pearl centres: Four plastic bars to support cake pillars. Four postal order counterfoils: $3:25: 25c, $3. One receipt from Vic Roberts Men's Wear 1-65. One handyplast band-aid. One dot of confetti.wedding, accessories, cake decorations

Sepia photograph. Group photo on grey mount. 'Employees picnic Cohn Bros Victoria Brewery Co. Ltd. Male figures of various ages, dressed in three piece suits of the day. Various styles of head-wear and most figures with watch chains on their vests. Inscriptions: Printed on mount at front 'Cohn Bros Victoria Brewery Co. Ltd, Employees Picnic, held at 'Cherry Tree' opn Saturday 7th March, 1903. On back - 'Royal Historical society of Victoria, Bendigo Branch' - Circular stamp. History of photograph: previous Acc. No. GP 22, 'Committee' see 2001-202.01W H Robinson, Bendigoorganization, business, cohn bros. limited

The sphygmomanometer is an early diagnostic instrument used to measure blood pressure. Since the discovery of blood circulation in 1628, the search for accurate, convenient, simple, and non-invasive tools has led to evolving measuring devices and cuffs. Until the twentieth century, few doctors tolerated the inconvenience of blood pressure measurers and relegated the exiting tools to laboratory research. The mercury and later aneroid sphygmomanometers provided the accuracy and portability required for clinical use.The sphygmomanometer is an early diagnostic instrument used to measure blood pressure. Since the discovery of blood circulation in 1628, the search for accurate, convenient, simple, and non-invasive tools has led to evolving measuring devices and cuffs. Until the twentieth century, few doctors tolerated the inconvenience of blood pressure measurers and relegated the exiting tools to laboratory research. The mercury and later aneroid sphygmomanometers provided the accuracy and portability required for clinical use. In common daily use by nurses for clinical assessment of patients' blood pressure.metallic box and contents -The sphygmomanometer is enclosed in the beige metal container. There is a click opening button on the exterior inferior end. The lid lifts via an internal hinge on the superior end to reveal a glass cartridge tube calibrated to 300 millimetres of mercury. The case and meter were manufactured in Germany (according to original museum catalogue worksheet) and identified as the “Mercurius Miniatur Modell.” The dark green rubber bulb and of tubing are in good condition. The black cotton fabric cuff shows signs of wear and is frayed at the bladder insertion opening. According to the company insignia on the bladder, it was manufactured by ACCOSON in England. superior lid - silver metal plaque in centre, engraved P.T.S., right corner of lid - white sticky label - black ink 176-01, manufacturers stamp inside lid - SPHYGMOMANOMETER/Mercurius/MINIATUR MODELL/Made in Germany, serial number 342308, on base of box, white paint - 176-01sphygmomanometer, medical instrument, blood pressure, alfred hospital nurses league, student nurse training alfred hospital

WHS Inc were presented with 10,000 glass plate negatives from Thelma & Vine Photographic Studios, Murphy Street Wangaratta from the 1860's - 1950's. The glass plate negatives depict mostly portrait studies of families, weddings and special occasions; there are a few outdoor studies.These studies are invaluable as they provide a record of fashion, family structures, significant people and events, buildings, streetscapes, transportation and landscape of Wangaratta & district from the 1860's - 1950's. These glass plate negatives provide the historical, fashion, cultural anthropological context of society from the time frame they depict.WHS Inc were presented with 10,000 glass plate negatives from Thelma & Vine Photographic Studios, Murphy Street Wangaratta from the 1860's - 1950's. The glass plate negatives depict mostly portrait studies of families, weddings and special occasions; there are a few outdoor studies. An example of a glass plate negative is featured above, this is a goat race from the early 1900's. Goat races were common in rural towns as entertainment at agricultural shows, sporting events and other celebrations. This local jockey is Bob Sloan, who had a Men's Wear business in Wangaratta.glass plate negatives

Demonstrates how the SEC used signage to communicate important information to staff.An enameled metal plate sign in an off-white colour, hand painted with black lettering. The sign reads "AIR BRAKE OPERATING END". The sign is curved, and all four corners have been angled. There is a hole in each of the corners to enable attachment to the tram cab. Horizontal lines have been drawn to ensure the even height and spacing of the lettering. The back of the sign has been painted a brass colour, although some of this has flaked off with wear. Two russet coloured stripes, 3mm and 12mm in width have been painted from top to bottom on the reverse. tramways sign, enameled tramway signage, hand-painted tramway sign

Cap Badge for the "Chief Inspector". Made from cast brass to indicate the position held by the wearer on their cap as part of their uniform. Cast in the form of the handwritten or script word/s and underlined. On the rear, silver soldered on are two brass loops at either side of the badge to enable to be sewn or fitted with clips onto the cap. On the back of the back of the badge in very small letters is the name of the manufacturer - Stokes & Sons / Melbourne. Used by the SEC only? Assumed collected by Les Denmead from spares held by the SEC. Note the same manufacturer logo as for the "Tramways Superintendent", Reg. Item 1939. tramways, trams, cap badge, hat badge, uniforms

Inside the suit it is labelled with abroad arrow mark Code No. 8848 Stores Ref No. 22C/1013 Size MEDIUM Serial No. 1064 Inspector 7

Approximate date.Black and white photo of 43 boys standing and sitting against the exterior of the school building. Their teacher, identified as Mr Ellis, stands to the LH side. The boys are not wearing uniforms although some do wear jackets and ties. Back row is identified as: L to R - Alan Sneddon, Alan Jewell and 2nd from the right, Keith Chenu. 2nd front row - 4th from left is Fred Clow. Front row - 4th from Left is Eric Ward. Others thought to be in the photo but not identified are Duncan McDonald, Colin Duncan, Ham Burne, Rex Lind, Frank Slade.surrey hills state school, education, surrey hills primary school, mr ellis, alan sneddon, alan jewell, keith chenu, fred clow, eric ward, duncan mcdonald, ham burne, rex lind, frank slade

Scrapbook owned by Beryl Randall Trigellis-Smith (neé Sampson) who served as a nurse in WWI and was an active member of many nursing related organisations include the Returned Nurses Club (Victoria). Contains newspaper & magazine clippings, postcards, poetry, quotes/reflections, pamphlets (Order of services), photocopied correspondence, single page Order of Services/Service announcements, speeches & toasts, booklets, personal stories, contact details, photocopied excerpts, menus, invitations, order of ceremonies, certificates. Titles and (formats) in order: 1. 'A Maori's stirring dawn address : What Anzac has come to mean' (newspaper clipping) - article providing the full address given by Lt. Colonel C M Bennett DSO at the Dawn Parade ceremony in Wellington (NZ) 1957 [publication unknown]. 2. Coat hangers (newspaper clipping) - article about items on display [at a market? date unknown, under handwritten 'Troop Train' heading] 3. 'What's in a name? -just ask the matron' (newspaper clipping) - article providing basic information about Margaret Lang and the Society for the Care of Aged or Incapacitated Nurses by John Hamilton [publication unknown, handwritten note 'August 1973'] 4. 'World War I nurse remembers : Continued from page 41' (magazine clipping) - part of the recollections of WWI nurse Sarah Margaret White (neé Furnifull) [1973, Australian Women's Weekly] 5. Sister Rosina Dawson (newspaper clipping) - brief article and photo on Rosina Dawson becoming Victoria's first construction site nurse at site of Collins Place Twin Towers [unknown publication & date] 6. 'A World War 1 nurse remembers...' (magazine clipping) - beginning of clipping #4 [1973, Australian Women's Weekly] 7. The White Tower, Salonika (newspaper clipping) - photo and map of area around Aegean Sea [unknown date and publication] 8. 'A stern hearted chaperone', 'At the top of Mt. Kotos, Salonica, 1918' and 'Life and mirage' (typed poems) - All by Trigellis-Smith circa 1918. 9. 'Boat drill' (typed poem) - By Trigellis-Smith 10. 'Aged 83, she wears her MBE lightly' (newspaper clipping on separate sheet) - Brief biographical article by Barbara Hooks on Beryl Trigellis-Smith receiving her MBE [1976, publication unknown] 11. Leslie Hill (newspaper clipping on back of separate sheet) - Large black & white photograph with caption of Leslie Hill, the gardener who created the flowerbed celebrating the 80th anniversary of the Royal Australian [Army] Nursing Corps and Beryl Trigellis-Smith. [Handwritten notes publication as Herald, December 28 1982] 12. 6/12/17 (newspaper clipping) - Appears to be printed excerpts from a diary of someone [a nurse] serving in WWI [publication and date unknown] 13. 7/3/18 (newspaper clipping) - Appears to be printed excerpts from a diary of someone [a nurse] serving in WWI [publication and date unknown] 14. 'Description of Anzac Day, April 25th, 1916.' & 'A Description of Anzac Day, from Second World War Sister E. F. Jones' (typed excerpts) - first excerpt by E C Dobson, (probably a sister at Mundros), second author in title. 15. [Postcard?] - black and white photograph on glossy card showing an Australian military band posing for photograph on steps in front of multiple storey walls of sandbags [based on Google image search, on the steps in front of Amiens Cathedral circa August 1918]. 16. 'A most inglorious war' (newspaper clipping) - Review of 'The forgotten war' by L M Field including information on how the Boer war began and how Australians got involved by Patsy Adam-Smith [unknown publication, circa 1979]. 17. 'Order of Divine Service to mark The Commemoration of ANZAC' (pamphlet separate to scrapbook) - took place at Cathedral Church of Saint Paul Melbourne, 22 April, 1979. 18. 'Annual wreath laying service Edith Cavell Memorial' (photocopied typed document) - from 22 April 1979, order of proceedings including an address to be given by Beryl Trigellis-Smith. 19. 'Saturday review' (newspaper clipping) - a captioned black and white illustration of Florence Nightingale in the hospital at Scutari. Reproduced from the 'Illustrated London News' of February 24, 1855. [unknown UK publication and date] 20. 'spirit and pride' (newspaper clipping) - these words clipped from a headline [unknown publication and date]. 21. 'Miss Nightingale' (newspaper headline attached to back of newspaper clipping) - by Richard Gordon. Excerpt from book by same 'The private life of Florence Nightingale' [circa 1978, unknown UK publication]. 22. (photocopied letter with handwritten 'Beryl' in gap in salutation) - photocopy poor and unable to read who author/sender is [maybe Ms P Adam-Smith?] dated 14 December 1978. 23. 'Shrine of Remembrance (Melbourne, Victoria)' (postcard with handwritten caption) - 'Shaft of sunlight at 11am Remembrance Day 11th November', published by Rose Stereograph Co. [unknown year]. 24. 'Annual service of dedication for nurses' (booklet) - Order of service booklett for Wednesday 9th May, 1979, 5:45pm at St Patrick's Cathedral. 25. [No title] (newspaper clipping) - article by Patsy Adam-Smith 'who was at the Anzac Day parade for 'The Age''. [circa 1979] 26. 'Ecumenical service of dedication for nurses' (photocopied service announcement) - St Patrick's Cathedral, Wednesday 9 May 1979, anniversary of the birth of Florence Nightingale. 27. 'Parade of a nation'[sic] (newspaper clipping) - Headline, large black and white photograph by John Lamb with caption of Glen Hickman marching wearing medals [unknown publication, unknown year, circa late 70's]. 28. 'Wreath laying ceremony - Edith Cavell Statue / Sunday Aprill 22nd. 1979 / Address by Mrs. Beryl Trigellis-Smith MBE. Ex A.A.N.S.' (typed pages of speech) - Speech includes general important pioneering dates in Australian nursing from 'South African War 1900' to combining of Royal Trained Nurses Association and Royal College of Nursing in 1933 and a call to current nurses to "regard the heritage of the past - dedication, skill, adaption, understanding of authority, some self-sacrifice, with a dedication to the care of life and death." 29. 'No. 72' (colour photograph postcard) - Underneath handwritten heading in blue ink 'Salonica. 1917'. Image on front of postcard shows two young women in the foreground in traditional clothing, water to their left and two other women walking away from them in the background, buildings on the left of the postcard and in the background on the right the White Tower Thessaloniki. [Postcard more likely from 1950's onwards due to it being a colour photograph and the fashion of the women in the background] 30. (colour postcard) - Torn along one edge, depicts a photograph of what appears to be a print artwork (signature at bottom on right of artwork 3eibe?, on left at bottom Gem 64'. 'Part of a diary found in / Returned Nurse Club in / 1979. Name unknown. / She had experience / in Hospital Ships and / in Salonica. / ?eds up & file.' [written in blue ink on reverse]. 31. 'Rancourt - Bouchavesnes' (colour photograph postcard) - Aerial colour photograph of a church and graveyard surrounded by fields and a forest in the background. Information on reverse of postcard indicates image is of the Chapel of French Remembrance for the Somme offensive in 1916 during WWI. Underneath heading '1978. R.S.L. Pilgrimage to. France.' [handwritten in blue ink]. There is information on the reverse handwritten describing part of a tour by same writer as for 32. 32. 'Le Memorial Australien à Villers-Bretonneux' (colour photograph postcard [potential photochrom]) with printed caption on front indicating Le Souvenir Français welcoming Australian pilgrims to Villers-Bretonneux 11 November 1978 with a quote from Marshal Foch made 12 November 1918 - reverse of postcard had handwritten letter addressed to Beryl Randall Trigellis-Smith (neé Sampson), from Howard V[?] talking about events of the tour on 11 & 12 November. Underneath heading '1978. R.S.L. Pilgrimage to. France.' [handwritten in blue ink]. 33. 'ANZAC Memorial Day 25th April 1919' (colour & black and white souvenir booklet) - published by the Victorian branch of the Returned Sailors' and Soldiers' Imperial League of Australia to mark the fourth national observance. Front cover is in colour, condition is poor with lots of folds, tears and parts missing, also has many dirt/insect marks and foxing. Internally there is black and white photographs depicting various WWI and post scenes with captions and other pages have text, opposite inside back cover is medical photos including tent hospitals, nurses and hospital wards. Back cover is glued to scrapbook. 34. Photocopy of toast proposal given at Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps 75th Anniversary of Australian Army Nursing - toast speech gives some brief chronological information on nursing in Australian Army that the author [assumed to be Beryl Randall Trigellis-Smith (neé Sampson)]. 35. 'Poem for our Returned Nurses Club' (handwritten poem with annotations) - 'J M[?] Bilee' & 'CPL R.L. Harrowfield' [Handwritten names? either side of title, author/s of poem assumed], paper has tear marks on reverse where it has been removed from another piece in the past and some writing obscured by area of attachment into current scrapbook. Poem is '(Dedicated to A.I.F Nurses of World War I 1914-18 War) Bendigo / 1976'. 36. 'Living up to an ideal' (black and white newspaper clipping) - by Kayleen Mort out the 'The Sun' Monday, July 10 1972, p.34. Article includes four black and white photographs. Article is about the Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps having provided nurses in wars for 70 years, even though nurses served prior in the Boer War. Article features a photograph of Irene [Mildred] Woodward (neé Clay) then secretary of the Victorian Returned Nurses' Club. 37-39. 'The A.I.F. were healthy, stealthy and chatty' (photocopied typed short story with handwritten annotations) - 'Section one - True experiences / 1976 Repatriation story writing project' headed, first person story [assumed to be written by Beryl Randall Trigellis-Smith (neé Sampson), however point of view appears to be of a soldier, not a nurse] over three pages, glued in separately. Story is autobiographical and mentions 8th Battalion Pastors Hayden and Paddy O'Shea helping morale there and Padre J J Booth helping the unit the protagonist was attached to. Protagonist speaks of shocking sights and the poetry or history that these brought to the surface as well as different aspects of their experience. 40-45. 'St. Vincent - our Atlantic calling port.' & 'They need our help to-day' (typed poems[?]) - Pieces glued, out of order[?], [author assumed to be Beryl Randall Trigellis-Smith (neé Sampson)]. 46. 'Burial at sea.' (typed poem and information) - [author assumed to be Beryl Randall Trigellis-Smith (neé Sampson)] four stanzas of a poem followed by partial information about the authors experience of a burial at sea, the return to Australia experience and what the author did after. Information is incomplete, cut off mid sentence and not continued on next part. 47-50. 'The order of the Iris', 'The 42nd Unit transferred to Hill 60.' & 'The sunset call at sea.' (typed poetry and brief information) - A poem missing a beginning, followed by first title listed, then second title begun and continued on to second part, completed over page on third part and final poem on last part. [Author assumed to be Beryl Randall Trigellis-Smith (neé Sampson)] 51. 'Life in Salonica, 1918.' & 'Transport in Salonica - 1918' (typed poems) - [Author assumed to be Beryl Randall Trigellis-Smith (neé Sampson)] 52. 'Whatever happened to Macka?' (newspaper clipping) - Advertisement for the Returned Services League [unknown publication & date]. 53. 'Few passengers for free rides' (newspaper clipping) - Article by Bob Millington interviewing Colin Keon-Cohen (then president of Victorian branch of RSL) about the dwindling numbers of WWI veterans, loss of all Boer War vetrans, dinners held for veterans and how popularity in RSL clubs was growing. [unknown publication and date] 54. 'Nurses at war : Reflected in the pages of Nursing Mirror 1888-1978' (newspaper clipping) - Article by Barbara Rogers just prior to the 90th birthday of publication 'Nursing Mirror', describing the "adventurous response made by nurses in wartime". Published in Nursing Mirror, 6 April 1978. 55. 'Names & Addresses cond' (photocopied contact details) - Address and former unit details of people [on a tour?] along with Tour Escort, [tour assumed to be the RSL Pilgrimage to France in 1978]. 56. As for 3, except for handwriting on reverse as entire reverse glued to page. 57. 'The crimes of Germany' ([thermal?] photocopy of excerpts [from a newspaper supplement published after 1915]) - Published in London by The Field & Queen (Horace Cox) Ltd., excerpts include the front cover, pages 99-101 headed 'XVI - Poisoned wells.' & 'XVII - The execution of Miss Edith Cavell.' 58. 'War nurses hold jubilee dinner' (newspaper clipping) - Article on dinner held honouring the conferral of Royal to the Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps that included over 560 guests nursing veterans from 1902 (who formed the Australian Army Nursing Service) through to Korean war nursing veterans, the Governor of Victoria (Sir Dallas Brooks), his wife, a Boer war nurse and others. Nurses mentioned by name: Ida O'Dwyer (Royal Red Cross), H[ilda Therese Redderwold] Samsing, E[mma] A[rgyle] Cuthbert, J[essie] McHardy White [neé Williamson], Jane Bell, Mrs P Sutherland [unable to find full and maiden name], Clara [Louisa] Ross, P[riscilla Isabel] Kirby [neé Wardle], Mrs E Lloyd, E[thel] J[essie] Bowe, E[dith] L[ydia] Shaw, J G [Effie Mary] Fussell [neé Garden], E[lizabeth] F[rancis] Johns, J[eanie] Gray Robertson, A[nnie] M[oran] Sage, Grace [Margaret] Wilson, C[harlotte Joan] G[sic] McRae, [Annie] I[na] Laidlaw, M[argaret Irene] Lang and Kathleen [Annie Louise] Best. Also mentioned Sybil Irving (Voluntary Aid Detachment), Major General [Frank] Kingsley Norris (Army Medical Officer). 59. 'Nursing a secret' (newspaper clipping) - Brief article with some biographical details on the wedding reception of Vivian Bullwinkel to Frank Statham and her soon move to Perth to be with Frank. [Publication unknown, circa 1977] 60. 'An Ecumenical Service of dedication for nurses' (pamphlet) - took place at Cathedral Church of Saint Paul Melbourne on Wednesday 10 May, 1978. 61. 'R.S.L. Victorian Branch : 60th Anniversary Remembrance Day Dinner' (menu pamphlet) - took place Friday 10 November 1978. 62. 'Circular : M/31/78' (invitation) - Distributed through RSL Victorian branch. From Premier of Victoria to "all ex-servicemen and women and their families in Victoria to attend the Remembrance Day Ceremony" 11/11/1978. 63. 'Remembrance Day Ceremony' (order of ceremony booklet) - Arranged by 'The Government of Victoria', took place at the Shrine of Remembrance, Melbourne 11/11/1978. 64. (Original certificate) - From the Australian Comforts Fund, Victorian Division to Miss M Ambler [?] "In grateful recognition of valuable services rendered in a voluntary capacity to the Australian Comforts Fund during World War 1939=1945". 65. (Invitation) - To B[eryl Randall] Trigellis-Smith [(neé Sampson)] from Victorian Government "to attend a Luncheon celebrating the Anzac Landing Diamond Jubilee. Location National Gallery of Victoria, 22 April 1975. 66. (Menu) - from event in 65. Includes eight autographs including E M Fussell [?], Margaret Lang, Linda Douglas [?], Chris E Bonwick [?], G J McWilliams [?], Beryl [Randall] Trigellis-Smith [(neé Sampson)], Carl Klu [?], [?]. 67. (Invitation) - From Florence Nightingale Victorian War Nurses' Trust "Chairman, Air Vice-Marshal E.A. Daley, C.B.E., K.St.J. and trustees invite a representative of Edith Cavell Trust Fund to attend the War Nurses' Memorial Service to be held at the Edith Cavell Statue, Birdwood Avenue, on Sunday, 20th of April, 1975".Green album/scrapbook, covers and spine show wear, water marks and fading. Internally pages have been removed and many items have been put in or attached to the pages. The items inside have degraded but are mostly intact. There is no exact chronology to the scrapbook and some items appear to be out of order either with similar items or date wise. Most of the clippings are not annotated with dates or publications. Contains newspaper & magazine clippings, postcards, poetry, quotes/reflections, pamphlets (Order of services), photocopied correspondence, single page Order of Services/Service announcements, speeches & toasts, booklets, personal stories, contact details, photocopied excerpts, menus, invitations, order of ceremonies, certificates. [Multiple throughout scrapbook often indicating newspaper cutting was from and date]beryl randall trigellis-smith (neé sampson), nursing in warfare, royal australian army nursing corps, australian army nursing service, returned services league (rsl), returned nurses club

Series of Black & White Photos Total 6 Hill Family & Friends During the First World War and after. Rita, wearing a dark dress with white collar and holding a dark coloured hat, background is large brick structure with windows to right and small section of veranda, pal tree, Railway Reserve Kyneton 1918. Man and two women wearing white dresses and dark hats, man wears dark suit white shirt and dark tie with his back against a large wheel, white sheet on ground between them and indistinguishable articles on sheet, Hibernian Picnic Axedale November 13th 1918. Group of young girls and boys all dressed in light coloured clothing gathering Botanical gardens January 1917, Miss N. Linnane reclining on cane lounge chair on verandah, weatherboard wall of house, verandah post, rock garden edging in foreground, May 1918. Monte Video Property Queensland Jeff, dressed in dark trousers and white shirt, holding a skinned rabbit, water tank in background, wire fence, July 1924. Father & Mother, Father wears a grey suit with white shirt and dark tie, Mother seated is wearing a dark dress with striped collar and white blouse, 'The Ranche' Mollison Street Eppalock.Hilda Hill Personal Collectionaustralia, history, post war life

This mask would have presumably been manufactred and used as a gas mask during World War One conflicts. It is presumably British made. It could also possibly date to the World War Two era.This item is a piece of protective equipment which presumably dates to the World War One era. As a surviving artefact from the Great War, this item holds historic value.Gas mask with rubberised light brown fabric face cover, plastic goggles for seeing, straps for fastening and a nozzle to attach to a canister. The canister is now missing. The goggles have corroded steel rings around themwhich protrude sloghtly from the mask. The light brown fabric covered rubber nozzle is attached to a black metallic component, which is attached to the mask with a circle of black rubber in between the metal and the mask. There is also another short piece of rubber attached to this black metallic component which is folded and positined between the nozzle and the mask. There is an inscription On the exterior of the mask, where the nose would ordinarilly be positioned. There is also an inscription in the interior on an almost full circular piece of fabric which is stitched into the same posion. This has a circle of metal stitched beneath it, which protrudes in two sections towards the wearers face. On the ends of the protruded sections are square pads of fabric, which are presumably there to position on either side of the wearers nose. The mask has a reinforces rubberised fabric rim where it would be incontact with the face. The main rubber nozzle protrudes through the inside of the mask, forming a mouth piece. There are four black straps and one light brown colour strap stitched to the exterior rim of the mask. Two of the black straps are severed.On the exterior at the nose: 3 On the interior at the nose: 22 109gas mask, mask, world war one, first world war, world war 1, ww1, wwi, the great war

These collars were worn by Mr Whiteman, Marjorie Burton's father, until he died in 1972. Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. She came from a middle-class working church-going family. Her father served in Civil Defence during WW11. A detachable collar was a shirt collar separate from the shirt, fastened to it by buttons. The collar was usually made of a different fabric from the shirt and was almost always white and specially starched to a hard cardboard-like consistency. detachable collars were a better way to clean and starch a collar for business or formal wear. As more emphasis started to be placed on comfort in clothing wearing a detachable stiffly starched collar decline in day wear; although it is still often worn by barristers while a full dress shirt may still have a stiff detachable collar. These collars are examples of clothing which was commonly worn by businessmen in the first half of the 20th century.Four men's starched cotton shirt collars. They each have 3 button holes for attaching to a shirt. Two are white with grey stripes and two are plain white.2483.24 and 2483.25 - Trubenised reg trade mark Reg user Do not starch Iron very damp 129 4128 15 2483.26 - Patented and made in England Woven from Egyptian cotton 476035 SECONDS Van Heusen 15/38 2483.27 - Trubenised Patent registered No starch needed 15 Iron very damp collars-detachable men's-clothing accessories burton,-marjorie

"Homefront" is the name of the group of chainsaw statues in Greensborough's War Memorial Park. Banyule Council initiated the project. The sculptures were designed by Amanda Gibson, carved by Hikaru Kodama and Leigh Conkie. In this sculpture "Vietnam", the soldier is based on veteran Bill Cantwell’s experience in the Vietnam War. The young soldier wears an eye patch – Bill’s legacy of his wartime injury. The base of the statue represents being held down – you can see the hands reaching up the soldier’s legs. Carved by Hikaru. The laser-cut steel shield has a pattern of Huey helicopters flying over rubber trees, Bill’s memory of being evacuated after being shot in the eye. The Homefront project replaces Leigh Conkie's original chainsaw sculptures in War Memorial Park.Digital copy of colour photographsgreensborough war memorial park, war memorials, homefront project

This commemorative badge identifying the wearer as a Girl Guide and was used in the 1970's and later. The Girl Guides "World Camps" was founded in 1924 and each subsequent "camp" was in other global countries. The Camp Baree was held in 1947/1948 in Pennsylvania in the USA. In Victoria, Australia, a Barree Regional location for Girl guides, encompasses the Kiewa Valley and its regions. Girl guides in rural areas covered the same developmental programs as in the city areas but the bush settings of annual camps did not have the same impact as for city based guides. The comradeship however, bringing together girls from a widely diverse background, was still a very important objective of the Girl Guide movementThe significance of this badge is that the Girl Guides held a World Camp in the Barree region which included the Kiewa Valley.This world wide attention(Girl Guides) to this region paid special attention to the "home side" girls and highlighted in particular those girls in the Kiewa Valley who participated in the Girl Guide movement. The ability to have such a personal contact with so many girls from so many world regions helped to break the somewhat isolated regional life. The fundamental lessons of the girl guides was and still is to enrich young girls knowledge of skills which provides self esteem, pride in achievements and the togetherness with like minded girls. Social barriers are left behind and good friendships are formed. Some of these friendships continued as life long links.This round badge made from brass and has coloured enamel sections outlining various "Barree Region" scenery. In the far distant horizon are snow capped mountains. These are coloured brown with white tipped summits.The central focus is a blue stream with a dark blue "gum" tree to the left and a brass etched tent pegged onto green grass. These pictures are framed within a house structure. A red coloured boomerang lies under the "house" frame with the name of the region on it,"BARREE REGION" The badge is fastened onto a lapel or other clothing by two "L" shaped hooks extending from the back of the badge.On the front of the badge (on the sketched boomerang "BARREE REGION". On the back in raised lettering is"BERTRAM BROS MELB."societies, girl guides, barree region, metal identity badges

This man’s dress box contains accessories that a man would use, perhaps in a formal situation – bow ties,buttoning studs and detachable collars. The contents of the box may not be what was originally in the box. Bow ties and studs are still used on occasions but detachable collars are no longer in vogue because wash and wear shirts are freely available. Both of the companies which made the detachable collars, Pelaco and Cremorne, were based in Richmond in Melbourne. The Warrnambool jewellery business of M. Salamy and Son, has the known dates, 1912 to 1938. There were two Salamy shops, one in Timor Street, opposite the Post Office and one at 179 Liebig Street. This box and contents are retained because they are reminders of accessories men used in the past, especially for formal occasions. Also, one of the items came from the well-known Warrnmbool jewellery business of M. Salamy and Son..1 This is a circular-shaped leather box with a lid attached by stitching and a strap and a metal buckle for closing the box. Inside the box is a blue cardboard lining. The leather is scuffed. .2 & .3 These are two black cloth bow ties with metal clips at the back. The ties are housed in a blue wooden box. .4 These are seven elasticised bands for holding back shirt sleeves. Two of these are covered with red and blue cloth and five are made of silver-coloured metal .5 & .6 These are two white detachable collars. They are somewhat stained. .7 These are four metal studs with white inserts. .2 The box is marked ‘M.Salamy & Son, Jewellers’ .5 ‘Pelaco Best Quality Made in Australia’ .6 ‘Cremorne Collar Co. Melbourne’ men’s accessories, history of warrnambool, detachable vintage collars, winged detachable collars

Document - "Ferodo brake shoes" - dated 26/1/1968 advising that as of 29/1/1968 a start will be made to fitting non-metallic (Ferodo) brake shoes to wide-body trams at Malvern Depot. Notes that Preston and North Fitzroy Trams have had them fitted since 4/1967. Provides information about their characteristics and changeover as cast iron shoes wear out. Second document issued to Kew Depot, dated 11/1/1968, signed by J Ritchie Acting Traffic Manager. Third set of documents about the introduction to South Melbourne, Glen Huntly, Camberwell, Brunswick, Essendon and Malvern Depots.Yields information about the timing of the fitting of a different type of brake shoe on trams that were a lot more effective than cast iron and their background history.Set of 3 Documents - single foolscap sheet with two punched holes on left side. Second copy, quarto sheet has a piece of paper glue to the base of the sheet.tramways, trams, ferodo brakes shoes, brakes

Photograph shows twelve men standing or squatting on a brick pavement in front of a brick building and a pile of rubble. One younger man wears a three piece suit with a tie and a badge on his lapel. The other eleven men are dressed in the workman's clothes of the era. They were likely engine drivers, boiler attendants, stokers, ropemen, trackmen or oilers who controlled the steam engines, monitored and repaired the cables and track, and lubricated the machinery. The suited man was likely the engine house engineer and his lapel badge may be that of a returned servicesman from WWI. This could date the photo after 1918. No reference to Mr Abel Kay has been located.Yields information about the staff of an engine house Black and white photograph with typed note at bottom. Note reads "The Nicholson Street Fitzroy Engine House Staff Mr AbelKay. Fourth from the right. Centre row"engine driver, boiler attendant, stoker, ropemen, trackmen, oiler, engine house engineer, returned servicesman, mr abel kay

The badge design The League’s badge represents a readiness at all times to render service to Queen and country and to former comrades. It can’t be purchased and may only be worn by those who have served their country. The shield design is symbolic of the protection provided to those who wear it. Within the badge, red represents the blood ties of war that exist between comrades; white stands for the purity of the motives in joining the league – to render service without personal gain or ambition; and blue indicates a willingness to serve a comrade anywhere under the blue sky. The wattle represents Australia, with the leek, the rose, the thistle and the shamrock standing for Wales, England, Scotland and Ireland respectively.The collection of badges,medallion,issue diary and photograph shows what a soldier who served in WW1, received.It is good that this collection is still intact. Badge awarded to Driver of the 6th Field Ambulance, Malachy Sandy, no 3320,who enlisted March 6th 1915. RTA 14 Jan 1919.Metal badge with crown attached to top of badge.Two folded metal loop(for pin to attach to coat etc), soldered on back of badge. "1919" on crown."Australia" in red scroll along bottom of of badge.Engraved flowers top left and right below crown."Returned Sailors & Soldiers Imperial League" on blue circular background surrounding embossed soldier holding rifles. On the back of badge is : "Copyright / 83978 / Prouds Ltd"sandy, malachy, badge, rsl, imperial, league

The Bow Tie is a type of men's necktie that consists of a ribbon of fabric tied around the collar in a symmetrical manner such that the two opposite ends form loops. Ready-tied Bow ties are available, in which the distinctive Bow is sewn and a band goes around the neck and clips to secure. Bow ties may be made of any fabric material, but most are made from silk, polyester, cotton, or a mixture of fabrics. The Bow tie originated among Croatian mercenaries during the Prussian wars of the 17th century when the Croat mercenaries used a scarf around the neck to hold together the opening of their shirts. This was soon adopted under the name cravat, derived from the French for "Croat", by the upper classes in France, then a leader in fashion, and flourished in the 18th and 19th centuries. The most traditional Bow ties are usually of a fixed length and are made for a specific size neck. Sizes can vary between approximately 14 and 20 inches just like a comparable shirt collar. Fixed-length Bow ties are preferred when worn with the most formal wing-collar shirts, so as not to expose the buckle or clasp of an adjustable Bow tie. Bow ties are worn by magicians, country doctors, paediatricians, lawyers, professors musicians and by people hoping to look like the above and clowns also wear oversized ones. In the 1980’s fashionable and professional women wore a type of Bow tie. Most men only wear Bow ties with formal dress. A man's pre-tied black bow tie with a metal spring clip to attach to the shirt collar. The 2 spring clips have 'alligator teeth' to grip the collaron spring clip MADE IN AUSTRALIA SPRINGmenswear, clothing, bow ties, cheltenham, moorabbin, bentleigh, early settlers, pioneers, market gardeners, male neckwear

The Bow Tie is a type of men's necktie that consists of a ribbon of fabric tied around the collar in a symmetrical manner such that the two opposite ends form loops. Ready-tied Bow ties are available, in which the distinctive Bow is sewn and a band goes around the neck and clips to secure. Bow ties may be made of any fabric material, but most are made from silk, polyester, cotton, or a mixture of fabrics. The Bow tie originated among Croatian mercenaries during the Prussian wars of the 17th century when the Croat mercenaries used a scarf around the neck to hold together the opening of their shirts. This was soon adopted under the name cravat, derived from the French for "Croat", by the upper classes in France, then a leader in fashion, and flourished in the 18th and 19th centuries. The most traditional Bow ties are usually of a fixed length and are made for a specific size neck. Sizes can vary between approximately 14 and 20 inches just like a comparable shirt collar. Fixed-length Bow ties are preferred when worn with the most formal wing-collar shirts, so as not to expose the buckle or clasp of an adjustable Bow tie. Bow ties are worn by magicians, country doctors, paediatricians, lawyers, professors musicians and by people hoping to look like the above and clowns also wear oversized ones. In the 1980’s fashionable and professional women wore a type of Bow tie. Most men only wear Bow ties with formal dress. A pre tied white Bow tie sewn on a neckband with an elastic clip fastenermenswear, clothing, bow ties, cheltenham, moorabbin, bentleigh, early settlers, pioneers, market gardeners, male neckwear