Stoneware is a rather broad term for pottery or other ceramics that is fired at a relatively high temperature.  A modern technical definition is a vitreous or semi-vitreous ceramic made primarily from stoneware clay or non-refractory fire clay. Whether vitrified or not, it is non-porous, it may or may not be glazed. Historically, across the world, it has been developed after earthenware and before porcelain and has often been used for high-quality as well as utilitarian wares. As a rough guide, modern earthen wares are normally fired in a kiln at temperatures in the range of about 1,000°C (1,830 °F) to 1,200 °C (2,190 °F); stoneware's at between about 1,100 °C (2,010 °F) to 1,300 °C (2,370 °F); and porcelains at between about 1,200 °C (2,190 °F) to 1,400 °C (2,550 °F). Historically, reaching high temperatures was a long-lasting challenge, and temperatures somewhat below these were used for a long time. Earthenware can be fired effectively as low as 600°C, achievable in primitive pit firing, but 800 °C was more typical. Stoneware also needs certain types of clays, more specific than those able to make earthenware, but can be made from a much wider range than porcelain. A domestic item used to store food products as glazing makes the container non-porous, often used for pickling. Or larger containers for kitchen flour. Items age is difficult to determine given the same techniques for making stoneware are in use today. Stoneware containers were made by many potteries in Australia and England. They were in common domestic use before plastics were invented around 1940 to store goods so this subject item is probably from around 1900 to the 1940s.Item's significance and origin of manufacture is difficult to determine given it is not associated with a place, person, historic event, or manufacturer. Its significance lies with its use as a domestic object giving today a view into our social past. Stoneware jug badly cracked and repaired with handle and short neckNoneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, jug, stoneware jug, earthenware jug, kitchen storage

Khaki colour sewing kit used by soldiers to repair their uniform.H.E.Berry and Sons Pty Ltd

This photograph is significant as it shows the Town Hall minus the tower.Colour photograph of Buninyong Town Hall with the tower removed for repairs.buninyong town hall, buninyong

at least 52 ambulances parked four wide in front of the Victorian Civil Ambulance Service headquarters Latrobe Street MelbourneBlack and white photograph of at least 52 ambulances parked four wide in front of the Victorian Civil Ambulance Service headquartersHADDRICK HOUSE CAR REPAIRERS VICTORIAN CIVIL AMBULANCE SERVICE

Wooden box containing Boot Repair Lasts (10 Pieces)n(Ex Williams the Shoeman) Managed by Mr T Dadswell. Carlie Pert and Frank Curran were boot repairers.stawell

Digital Image of a cable tram dummy or grip car in a workshop being repaired. The seats have been removed and car partly dismantled. The grip is handing from the roof of the car. The original apron mesh is fitted along with a different coupling fitting to that of later grip cars. There are three workmen in the photo, one holding a large engineer's hammer. The car is lettered for the North Carlton to Brighton Road route with lettered glass in the the roof section, including one for "HBRy Station" - Hobsons Bay Railway Station.Yields information about the repair of cable trams at car houses or depots or the principal Nicholson St Car Repair shop.Digital image of a photograph.cable trams, workshops, depots, grip car, dummies, repairs

Document or Admin Record - "Information advised by Mr Mawby 25/8/53 as received from the M&MTB". Lists the various costs per mile of repairing, duplication, reconstruction, new construction and the cost of point or special work castings. Memo dated 28/4/1955.Demonstrates SECV report based on MMTB track construction costs.Typed carbon copy - Foolscap sheettramways, ballarat, trackwork, track maintenance, repairs, reports, mmtb, construction

UnknownHollow-handled pot, enamelled. Repaired with a metal disc and stud in base.

Business card for W Beswick, Boot Repairer, Charleston Rd. Bendigo.

Hand written quote for repairs to the mine to enable visitors to be taken around.mine, gold, central deborah gold mine, central deborah gold mine, quote for repairs

Celluliod doll. (Sitting in cane pram NA275) Temporarily removed for repairs.Cascelloid Made in England|55|Palitoytoys, dolls

Black & white photo of workmen repairing Schwerkolt Cottage.(two copies)schwerkolt cottage

In woodworking, a moulding plane is a specialised plane used for making the complex shapes found in wooden mouldings. Traditionally, moulding planes were blocks of wear resistant hardwood, often beech or maple, which were worked to the shape of the intended moulding. The blade, or iron was likewise formed to the intended moulding profile and secured in the body of the plane with a wooden wedge. A traditional cabinetmakers shop might have many, perhaps hundreds, of moulding planes for the full range of work to be performed.Bertie Robert Edgar Greenwood was born c. 1880/81 and died aged 82 in Hawthorn in 1963. His father and possibly his grandfather were also carpenters. Bertie’s work as a cabinetmaker required precise planing to give lovely edges and other elaborate decorations. The major item in the tool collection is Bertie’s wooden box, which houses 45 different moulding planes. Later in his life, he used these skills extensively when he worked as a patternmaker for a plastering company. Bertie worked through his seventies, retiring when he lost a finger. The tool collection was donated to the Kew Historical Society by Bertie’s granddaughter, Pamela Webster Bloom, a former resident of Kew.Plane - Wooden Moulding, Beechwood & Metal, 3/4" Beading. Repaired.Stamped ‘5/16’. Also stamped with owner name ‘G. Greenwood’, with ‘G’ subsequently over-stamped with ‘B’. Later engraved number ‘39’ added on entering the collection in 2010. woodworking tools, moulding planes, bertie greenwood, carpentry, burwood road — hawthorn (vic.)

Yields information about the way the SEC repair overhead failures on the Ballarat Tramway system - shows the trucks and the crews involved.Black and White copy photograph of a newspaper photograph taken by The Courier of repairs to damaged overhead wire, Lydiard St North, just to the north of the Railway level crossing. Tram services were disrupted as a result. Photo taken 23/4/1965, published 24/4/1965. Shows three SEC vehicles in use, including the tower truck. By the front of the truck, the overhead wire and a set of ears can be seen. The Victorian Railways Institute building is in the background. In the far background is the North Star hotel. The types of truck, from the left hand side are Ford (Tower Truck), International and a Bedford. Collected by Alan Bradley from the Ballarat Courier early 1980's. See Excel file "Record of Ballarat Courier Photos SEC era" (Archive Documents) for source of details.On rear stamped "Copyright, The Ballarat Courier Proprietary Limited." and "85%" in ink in the top left hand corner.tramways, trams, lydiard st nth, overhead, secv, repairs

After the 1939 bushfires the Forests Commission placed orders for 130,000 feet (nearly 40 km) of 1½ inch canvas hose in Britain to accompany over 200 new pumps of various types. The Altona workshop became a major centre for fabrication, repair and storage of hose. But lack of standardisation of hose couplings plagued Australian firefighters for decadesUsed to repair canvas hose A rubber patch is placed over the hole in the hose and clamped. It is then heated electrically to melt the rubber patch Canvas hose needs to be washed, dried, rolled and stored properly after it has been used otherwise it will rot. Unrolled hose is notorious for becoming tangled.forests commission victoria (fcv), bushfire, fire pump, fire tanker

Black and white photographWritten on back of photograph: "Cool Stores - Repair after fire 1925".

Joseph William Cairnduff (1876-1929) was born in Hobart, Tasmania. He married Ann Walker in 1900. When he enlisted on 19 August 1914 he was given SERN 4. At the time he was living at 'Tyne', 96 Guildford Road, Surrey Hills. He was 5'5", 38 years old and employed as a civil servant. He had served for 5 years in the Senior Cadets and 3 years in the Australian Signallers. He was given the rank of sergeant in the Divisional Signal Company 1 and embarked for Egypt from Melbourne on board HMAT A10 Karroo on 20 October 1914. Joseph was on Gallipoli from 5/4/1915; he proceeded from there to Alexandria on 24/10/1915. Surviving service on Gallipoli and the Western Front, he returned to Melbourne leaving on board HT 'Wiltshire', 12 November 1916. He was discharged medically unfit. Joseph and Ann had a large family before he left for WW1: Ann Mary b.1901; James William Cotter b. 1903; Mathew Norman Banks b. 1904; Doris Jean b.1906; Claude James b, 1908; Elsie Edna b. 1910; Clive Bruce b. 1912 and Gladys Janet b. 1914. After his return he and Ann had more 2 daughters - Sylvia McLaren b. 1917 and Mavis Morley b. 1918, who commenced at Chatham Primary School in 1927 and 1928 respectively. Joseph and Ann are buried in Box Hill Cemetery (M-NS-0492). Joseph's twin brother, James Banks Cairnduff (SERN 571) also served in the AIF and is also buried in Box Hill Cemetery (M-NS-0003). A black and white photo of a group of 2 Australian soldiers sitting on wooden boxes under a slatted wooden low roof. They are at work on equipment of some kind. In the background are shelves with stores including a roll of cording and other materials in tins and boxes.On the rear in the hand of the donor: ""Repairing telephones / in Gallipoli" (in trench) / Dad on the left"joseph william cairnduff, first world war, signals company, guildford road, 'tyne', (miss) ann walker,, (mrs) ann walker, (mrs) mavis good, gallipoli, trenches

Jack Plane Body of plane is tapered. Handle has been broken and repaired.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

Newspaper clipping 1968Article on damage to beach at Penguin Reserve Phillip Island by a stormand repair by bulldozer.phillip island, penguin reserve, penguin parade, storm damaged beach

Chamber pot ceramic cream and red floral decoration. Repaired chip in rim.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, chamber pot, ceramic chamber pot

Typical pipe used at home, hotels and at picnicsBowl section and short length of stem (40mm). Repair (glued) near bowl.Clover embossed on both sides of bowl and a harp embossed on the front of the bowl.tobacco, harp, pipe, clay, goldfields, smoking, leisure, clover

Spokeshave wooden round faced iron blade. Body has been repaired. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, spokeshave

Plaque "Royal Army Pay Corps" Damaged missing part requires repair.plaque, raf

Plaque '2/5 field Regiment with colour Patch" Damaged requires repairplaque, army