The design of the bottle is called a Codd, sometimes referred to as a marble bottle or "Codd's patent bottle". During the mid-to-late 1800s, there were many inventions to keep the fizz in carbonated drinks such as ginger ale, soda water, and fruit drinks. Hiram Codd, an English engineer invented a successful process that he patented as "Codd's patented globe stopper bottle" in 1872. The Codd-neck bottle (commonly called Codd or marble bottle) is manufactured in two parts. The body of the bottle is cast in two sections. At the time of joining the sections, glass marble and rubber seal are inserted into the neck section. The lip is then applied to the top of the bottle. The Codd bottle is filled upside down as the pressure of the gas from the carbonated liquid holds the marble up and out of the way. When the bottle stands upright the gas pushes the marble up against the washer, creating a firm seal to keep the fizz inside. The bottle is opened by pushing the marble down firmly to allow some of the gas to escape. The marble drops down and is caught in a depression formed in the neck. When the bottle is tilted to pour or drink the liquid the marble rests in a dimple. Two Ballarat miners, Evan Rowland and Robert Lewis started manufacturing mineral and aerated waters, bitters, cordials, and liqueurs in 1854, in a tent on the shores of Lake Wendouree Ballarat. Another 13 firms at that time employed manual operations, whereas they introduced Taylor's No. 1 machine that speeded up the process and laid the foundation for their fortune. Evan Rowland was a pioneer in the aerated water trade in Australia. He was born on August 2, 1826, in North Wales. In 1852, during the gold rush, he emigrated to Melbourne, and in 1854 he went to Ballarat and formed a partnership with Robert Lewis, the firm being called ‘‘Rowlands & Lewis’’. Their next step was to secure a supply of pure water. Using mineral Waters that they found via a natural spring at Warrenheip, Victoria. From the outset, the beverages made from this water gained repute and were in great demand. Their business prospered so well that in 1858 they were able to build a factory at the corner of Sturt and Dawson Streets, Ballarat, and to fit with the most up-to-date machinery then in use. By 1870 their business had increased so much and demand had grown to such an extent that Mr. Rowlands erected another factory, covering over an acre of ground at the corner of Dana and Doveton Streets, costing £13,000. The factory was fitted with the most modern equipment of the time to manufacture cordials and aerated water. In 1873 Rowlands established an agency at 116 Collins St, Melbourne, because the demand for the products of the Melbourne factory became so large. The company expanded to Sydney opening a factory at the corner of Burns & Hay Streets Darling Harbour obtaining spring water to supply this plant from Katoomba in the Blue Mountains. The water was brought to Sydney by rail. In the meantime, the Melbourne concern had progressed so rapidly that in 1888 a magnificent factory embodying all the latest ideas and equipment was built in King Street Melbourne. Robert Lewis was a fellow Welshman born in 1816, and he arrived in Port Phillip in 1853 and became a partner in the early day with Evan Rowland but with lesser and shorter involvement in the firm, from which he retired in 1876. Robert Lewis was perhaps better known as Ballarat's first mayor and a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was a strong supporter of local charities, president/treasurer of the Eisteddfod Committee, a major force in the development of the Ballarat Hospital, and he was the mayor of Ballarat five times, the first in 1863, (having been a counsellor as early as 1859) and for the last time in 1881. Lewis died in 1884 of a stroke in Ballarat. Rowlands continued in the firm and invented and patented an improved soda water bottle. The water used in Rowlands products was filtered four times but his attempts to use local corks failed on quality grounds. He was a stickler for quality, which was so good that many outside Victoria were prepared to pay the 'premium' imposed by inter-colonial customs duty payable at that time. By the 1890s, Rowlands had factories in Ballarat, Melbourne, Sydney, and Newcastle. He died in 1894 but his company continued until well after the Second World War when it was sold to Schweppes.An early manufacturing process producing the first mineral waters in Australia was invented and developed by an early Welsh migrant to Australia. The Evan Rowlands story gives an insight into the early development of manufacturing industries in Australia that allowed their workers and the towns they were situated in to prosper and develop into what they are today. Bottle; clear glass Codd neck bottle with small marble in top. Once contained soda water or soft drink. Manufactured in 1921 by E. Rowlands of Ballarat, Melbourne, Katoomba and Sydney. The bottle is 'recyclable' - the message on the base says that it remains the property of E. Rowlands Pty Ltd."E. ROWLANDS BALLARAT MELBOURNE KATOOMBA AND SYDNEY". Imprinted into bas "1921" "THIS BOTTLE REMAINS THE PROPERTY OF E. ROWLANDS PTY LTD"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bottle, codd bottle, hiram codd, glass marble bottle, e. rowlands bottle manufacturer, soda bottle australia, early recyclable bottle, codd's patent bottle, marble bottle

Soldier in Uniform George E Carter 28th Battalion Ascot Camp Belmont W.A. POST CARD to Ruth from Rolleston England. Yours truly, George E Carter W.A. 17th Reinforcements 28th Battn. Belmontsstawell ww1

Boat Builders, Sailing and Rowing Boat Hire. All Kinds of Bait. Plates 291 & 292.r. taylor, lake wendouree, boat shed, lake view hotel, buildings, commerical, hotel

MEDIUM: Oil on canvas DESCRIPTION: Blue and white oil painting on canvas, no outer frame. An abstract interpretation of a boat in what appears to be the waters of the coast of Toolum, Mexico. The landscape of Toolum in Central America is dotted with the stark white washed remains of the ruins and temples of the Mayans. This depiction of a Toolum Boat reflects these relics of the land here on its watery gulf. "BB" signature; bottom proper right corneroil, bain, toolum, boat

Memos from Dist Traffic Supt SS about the Head of the River Boat Races held Wednesday 10th and Saturday 13th April, 1946.trams, tramways, letters, instructions, events, hanna st depot, malvern depot, glenhuntly tram depot, hawthorn depot, camberwell depot

Black and white digital photograph of Mordialloc-Chelsea High School students on boat named Venture on Mordialloc Creek. Venture is also the name of the school magazine.

Queenscliffe pilot boat historyProbable last photo of AKUNA in Port Phillip1. Photo of Akuna 1 c1925 & copied negative of AKUNA 1Reverse " NIL "queenscliffe pilot boats

The boat harbour on Lake Wendouree was situated on the eastern side.lake wendouree, rowing, ballarat, harbour, entertainment

Edgar Gordon Morris was a prominent sportsman in Bacchus Marsh from around 1909 to 1918. He was regarded as the best all-round cricketer in the district and was also Secretary of the Bacchus Marsh Cricket Association. He was also a playing member of local football and tennis clubs. From about 1919 to 1921 Morris had been living in Swan Hill. His death at the age of 35 was reported in the Bacchus Marsh Express on the 5th March 1921 and was received with great sadness in sporting circles in Bacchus Marsh and district. To perpetuate his memory a shield to be presented to the premiership team each season in the Bacchus Marsh Cricket Association. The E.G. MOrris Shield was first presented for the 1921-1922 season.This item is of historical significance because it is associated with a particular person, Edgar Morris, a prominent sportsman and sports administrator in the Bacchus Marsh area. It is of comparative significance because it is representative of a shield design for a perpetual sporting trophy. The Shield also provides some research value by preserving and commemorating the memory of a prominent individual sports person in the Bacchus Marsh area.A silver plated shield created to perpetuate the memory of E. G. Morris. Enclosed inside a timber frame and sealed with a glass top. The shield is ringed by smaller shields with inscriptions identifying the premiership winning teams in the Bacchus Marsh Cricket Association between 1921 and 1930.The E. G. Morris Shield presented by G. H. Anderson to the Bacchus Marsh Cricket Association as a tribute to the memory of Edgar Gordon Morris 1921cricket bacchus marsh, bacchus marsh cricket association, edgar gordon morris cricketer

QUEENSCLIFFE boat channel being dug out c1934-36Boat channel for fishing fleet protectionBlack & white photo of horse drawn sand dredgingReverse - NILcommunity information, boat channel c1934-36

QUEENSCLIFFE boat channel being dug out c1934-36Boat channel for fishing fleet protectionBlack & white photo of many two men with shovels digging the channelReverse - NILcommunity information, boat channel c1934-36

QUEENSCLIFFE boat channel being dug out c1934-36Boat channel for fishing fleet protectionBlack & white photo of twelve men with shovels digging the channelReverse - NILcommunity information, boat channel c1934-36

QUEENSCLIFFE boat channel being dug out c1934-36Boat channel for fishing fleet protectionBlack & white photo of men with shovels digging the channel, aka The Cut, at the Bay end.Reverse - NILcommunity information, boat channel c1934-36, the cut

QUEENSCLIFFE boat channel being dug out c1934-36Boat channel for fishing fleet protectionBlack & white photo of horse drawn sand dredge digging the channel, aka The Cut, at the Bay end.Reverse - NILcommunity information, boat channel c1934-36, the cut, horse drawn dredge

Augustus Bostock was the 9th child of Robert & Rachael Bostock of Vaucluse Epping Forest, Van Diemen’s Land. He was only 4 years old when his mother died. He was inspired by his father to seek his fortune in the Western District of Victoria. He arrived around 1850. He married Margaret Aitkin in July 1865. Augustus owned several properties in the district and leased others. He sat on the court of Warrnambool, Mortlake or Hexham as required. He resided at Marramook in Hawkesdale and later moved to Vaucluse in Hopetoun Road Warrnambool, where he died in 1920 at the age of 87. This letter relates to crossing sheep and answers three questions posed by Mr. E Plumridge in relation to the breeding of comeback sheep. E Plumridge is mentioned on Trove as holding classes in wool classing at Gordon technical College at Geelong. This is one of a number of documents which relate to the Bostock family who were one of the most important pioneering families of the Western District. They owned and leased various properties around Warrnambool and were involved in many aspects of social and business life. This letter reflects the knowledge and experience of Augustus Bostock in the breeding of sheep and also his willingness to share this knowledge. It therefore has social and historical significance.Cream lined paper with wide margin on left hand side. One page written in black ink.Addressed from Marramook 16th Jan 1905 to Mr. E Plumridge of Marshalltown. Signed Augustus Bostock.augustus bostock, plumridge geelong, marramook, warrnambool

Several items were given by a seafarer, Mr Nicholas Garlick (1926-2009) into the care of Father Brady who retired from St Pauls Cathedral, Melbourne in 2018. Father Brady later donated the collection of; objects, documents and an extensive collection of cruise ship menus (1937-end of 20thC) to the Mission via the intermediary William Hastie, volunteer at the Mission for Seafarers. This particular item provides an example of a ticket for a Greek ferry the 'Apostolis' boarded on the 13th August 1949 by Mr Garlick's sister.This ferry pass for the Greek ferry 'Apostolis' is made of thin, cream-coloured paper. On the front of the ticket the official details are printed in Greek. The passenger details are hand-written in Greek. On the back is a note written by Mr Garlick. Front; see image for details. Back; 'A Greek Ferry Boat/pass. After W.W.II Greece/had a Civil War./ In '49 passenger had to obtain/permission to board a ferry, when/permission given a pass was issued./Name of boat 'Apostolis'./My sister visited Greece at the time - stayed 3 yrs./ Her name is on the pass, her number and alien are written in.'nicholas garlick, greek ferry ticket, 1949, 'apostolis'

Issued to Australian Service personnel who served at the beginning of the warSignificantBronze Star with Red, white and blue RibbonFront centre: Crossed Swords with 1914-15 banner surrounded by a wreath Rear: 2598. Pte. E. E. Connors. 22 Batt. A.I.Fmilitary awards

Nellie Allen pushes Valda Calaby in Swing Boat at the Ballarat Botanic Gardens.nellie allen, valda calaby, swing boat, play equipment, botanic gardens, ballarat, persons

Possibly a gift presented to the university from International Students/University - Corporate GiftGreen jade boat with three masts. Bow has dragons head and stern the tail. Placed on green jade sphere which in turn on square base. Sails have carved symbols on themjade, carved, boat, dragon, gift

Gladys Machin was the first female Councillor for the City of Caulfield. She served between 1950-1965 and was Mayor in 1955-56 and 1959-60. Machin championed the opening of the Caulfield Elderly Citizens Club in 1952 (later renamed in her honour as the Gladys E Machin Senior Citizen's Club). Machin was also President between 1953-1974, as noted on the engraving. The club now forms part of the Caulfield Senior Citizen's Centre at 8 Cedar Street, Caulfield South. Caulfield was one of the first local councils to establish an elderly citizen's club. This photograph used to hang in the main hall at Caulfield Senior Citizen's Centre alongside a photo of the Queen.This object is considered of historic significance for its portrayal of Gladys Machin, first female Councillor for the City of Caulfield. Framed sepia toned and hand-painted photograph of Gladys E. Machin. Engraving on panel at bottom reads: 'Mrs Gladys E.Machin OBE J.P Founder of the Club, President 1953-1974'. gladys e machin, city of caulfield, councillor, mayor, gladys e wallace, glen eira, caulfield senior citizen's club

Written on backing sheet, "Arthur, Tom, Syd, Raoul, A.T., Keith. Mrs. E. T. Miles on veranda. (Remaining son E. Leslie Miles not in photo)".

E. Swan (of Bairnsdale) purchased the Orbost Tank Factory from Mr E. F. Reynolds. Swan was a tinsmith, coppersmith, plumber, zinc and iron worker who specialised in repairing tanks. Robert Pullar Cameron was a Shire Councillor for many years. He married Penuel Hossack and had a family of James, Flora, Penuel and Alex.This item is an example of the book-keeping of an Orbost business in the early 20th century and is a useful research tool.A very stained shite paper account with black print and red lines from E. Swan, Orbost Tank Factory, to R. Cameron.swan-e. cameron-robert-pullar

Undated black & white photo of HMVS Childers torpedo boatRealismMr T ArnottBlack & white phot of HMVS Childers torpedo boat, with a moored lifeboat in the foreground and tri-masted square-rigged boat and steamship in the background .On the reverse - Childers Torpedo Boat, RAN 1911, 1st Class, Gift MAAV T. Arnottlifeboat, torpedo boat

Torpedo BoatRealism, historical accuracyBlack & white photograph of the HMVS 1st class Torpedo boat the Countess of Hopetoun.Reverse: " Countess of Hopetoun - Torpedo Boat 1st Class - M. A. A. V. (Tarnutt) "torpedo boat