The De Ford Inhaler was introduced in 1913 and was designed to allow anaesthesia to continue through the nose while dental surgery was happening.This inhaler is composed of metal and rubber. The oral mask and rubber covered nasal mask are connected to a curved rubber covered support that was placed on the patient's forehead to hold the inhaler in place. The gas was administered via a long tube; the terminus designed to allow for the placement of a vial containing the anaesthetic drug and a rebreather bag mount. Inscribed on the back of the mouth inhaler: 'Dr De Ford's Universal Inhaler for Somniform Nitrous Oxide etc. E. De Trey & Sons Phila. PA U.S. Pat. Pending.'anesthesia, dentistry, somniform, surgery, medical instrument, de ford, 1913, e de trey and sons, vial, rebreathr bag mount, inhaler

An instrument designed to remove swallowed foreign objects. The end containing horsehair is pushed past a foreign body in the oesophagus then expanded and withdrawn, bringing the foreign body with it. This probang is constructed from metal and horsehair. The metal is coiled to enable flexibility and the proximal end has a metal finger grip for support. The distal end comprises a smooth metal tip and the strands of horsehair are designed to scoop strands of foreign material from the patient's pharynx.anaesthesia, probang, oral, horsehair, lidcome state hospital, dr sharkey, obstruction, airway

Chevalier Jackson was a surgeon who designed this laryngoscope. Jackson contributed a number of important innovations to direct laryngoscopy, while developing a unique mastery of the technique. Ultimately, he combined this endoscopic proficiency with open surgical techniques.The U-shaped laryngoscope comprises a moulded handle and a long endotracheal insert which has a small connector to allow for a light to illuminate the patient's throat. The item is chrome-plated.Engraved on connecting shaft: Jackson's Laryngoscope, 1901.laryngoscope, chevalier jackson, endoscope, anesthesia, distal illumination, chrome, 1901, jackson's

Replica of original glass ether inhaler used by Dr William Russ Pugh in Launceston in 1847. William Russ Pugh is credited with being the first person in Australia to administer ether as anaesthesia. Pugh created his own ether inhaler based on a report in the London Illustrated News, dated January 1847. The paper reached Pugh in May and by June he had already designed, made and used the ether inhaler. On 7 June 1847 he performed two surgeries using anaesthesia. He also had a journalist present to record the event.The main container comprises an inverted funnel shaped glass jar that is connected to the top glass globe via an etched glass valve. Sea sponges are located within the glass vessel and the woven cloth tube is connected to the base of the glass container. inhaler, anaesthesia, william russ pugh, replica, glass, sea sponge, ether, launceston, illustrated london news, lady howden, dr john belisario, dr gwen wilson

This item was designed by surgeon Paul Herman Martin Sudeck to administer ether and then chloroform anaesthesia. Paul Hermann Martin Sudeck was a German surgeon (28 December 1866 - 28 September 1945). He first described his inhaler in a 1903 article, "Eine neue Aethermaske" (A New Ether Mask).The metal cone shaped mask has moulded features on the proximal end to fit over the patient's mouth. The distal end is rounded and has an area for the absorbent material (in this item, a sponge) through which the anaestheric ether or chloroform was dripped. The side 'arms' would have been used to attach a strap.inhaler, mask, cone, paul herman martin sudeck, germany, ether, chloroform, sponge, 1900

Dr Thomas Small designed this ether anaesthesia and analgesia machine while he was an Honorary Medical Officer at the Royal Women's Hospital in Sydney during the 1930s. The inhaler is compact and portable. Initially, Small experimented with other agents for the relief of labour pain but was not happy with any of them. He also tried various agents on himself, including nitrous oxide/oxygen, chloroform and ethyl chloride. Finally he settled on ether via a Clover inhaler as the best analgesic. This inhaler is only described in use in Australia and New Zealand, although it was used for almost 40 years. Black leather box with leather handle, lockable latches on either side and drop down front case panel containing a metal ether inhaler and length of black corrugated rubber hose with one end attached to the inhaler and the other end open for attaching a mask. The metal inhaler drum is circular and attached to the floor of the case with a small tap/lever to one side and a mixing valve on the top near the hose connection. The lever has incised gradings of quarter increments from 0 to 1. The box is designed for the ether inhaler to be portable.ether, small, thomas, analgesia, obstetrics, anaesthesia, anaesthetic, royal women's, sydney, queen victoria, melbourne

Dr Geoffrey Kaye worked as an adviser to the Director-General of Medical Services, Australian Infantry Forces during the inter-war years. During this time he developed an ether vapouriser specifically for the Army. This is the prototype designed and made by Dr Kaye during 1939.Round metal tray with round ether apparatus inside consisting of an ether sight glass indicator, oxygen bypass, control tap and trap bottle. There are three rubber hoses, two red and one black. geoffrey kaye, vapouriser, royal army medical corps, ether, endotracheal, prototype, blowover, world war ii, wwii, ww2

Originally distributed by Abbott Laboratories. This device is used for the self-administration of Penthane, an analgesic. Designed for use in emergency rooms, obstetrics, orthopaedics and surgical outpatients.Wooden box with metal clasp and hinges and two sections inside, divided by balsa wood. One side contains an amber plastic and black rubber facial mask, along with a inhaler tube and felt square. The other side contains a cylindrical metal device with a black plastic handle secured to one end and a portal for attaching the facial mask at the other.penthrane, analgesia, self-administration

Mask used for administering ether anaesthesia. This mask also has a carbon dioxide inlet tube. Carbon dioxide was found to promote deeper breather which assisted in attaining faster anaesthesia. The mask was designed by an American anaesthetist James Tayloe Gwathmey, (1863-1944). Gwathmey invented a range of anesthesia equipment. In 1904, he introduced this mask as one part of a resuscitation apparatus. Gwathmey modified an existing mask to more closely fit the contours of the face. The holes in the rim allow for oxygen to be delivered for resuscitation or for the delivery of a combination of oxygen and anaesthetic. Wire framed mask in tear shape. There is a hinged top bracket which allows for a piece of flannel or domette to secured to the mask, onto which the ether would be administered. There is an inlet tube near the hinged bracket to allow for the administration of CO2 or oxygen and the rim is pierced with holes.james tayloe gwathmey, ether, anaesthesia, anesthesiologist, carbon dioxide, oxygen

The first pharyngeal tube was manufactured in 1913. This is a very early example of a curved modification of the original design. Metal tube with a flat plate inside a rubber tube. The rubber tubing extends much longer than the inner metal tube. There is a hole cut into the side of the outer tube through which the inner tube can be seen.Stamped into metal on flat piece: BT Stamped into metal on flat piece: ALLEN & HANBURYS LTD / LONDON Stamped into metal on underside of flat piece: JGairway, pharyngeal, phillip's, allen & hanburys, alfred hospital, melbourne, london

This Boyle’s machine was made by the British Oxygen Company (BOC) in the 1950’s. The original Boyle's machine was invented by the British anaesthetist, Henry Boyle in 1917. His machine was a modification of the American Gwathmey apparatus of 1912, and became the best known early continuous flow anaesthetic machine. The Boyle’s machine was first made by Coxeter and Sons, under the direction of Lord George Wellesly, which was later acquired by the British Oxygen Company (BOC). Though a lot of changes have been made to the original design of the Boyle’s machine, the basic structure remains the same today.Green trolley on casters with flowmeter and vaporiser bottles attached to a stainless cross bar. There is a glass shelf at top of the trolley and a second glass shelf at base of trolley, above a pull out drawer. The pull out drawer contains 4 x black rubber masks, 3 x black rubber tubing connectors, 4 x seals, 1 a black corrugated rubber hose with red rebreather bag, red tube and masonite support board.Tin plate attached to upper portion of trolley: THE / BOYLE / apparatus / BY THE BRITISH OXYGEN CO. LTD.henry boyle, anaesthetic machine, gas, oxygen, flowmeter, nitrous oxide, british oxygen company, boc, coxeter and sons

In 1913, Mark Cowley Lidwill designed a machine for the purpose of mechanical or insufflation anaesthesia. The Lidwill machine was a portable machine weighing 7kg that could easily be packed into two small bags. The machine involved compressed air being delivered to an ether vaporiser. An ether/air control device allowed varying concentrations of ether to be delivered. The ether vaporiser could be immersed in hot water to prevent cooling and the ether temperature was measured. From the vaporiser, the ether/air mixture went through a trap bottle, then to a crude mercury blow-off valve and subsequently to the patient.Large leather suitcase style bag divided into two levels containing and insufflation anaesthesia machine.insufflation, mark cowley lidwill, thoracic surgery, positive pressure

The Bellamy Gardner mask was in use by 1905 and was the first British mask for the open administration of ether. This mask combines the features of the Bellamy Gardner mask with a tower frame designed by Ogston. The Museum's "Penn catalogue", circa 1970, describes this mask: "this followed closely upon Ferguson's lead, but has an enormous amount of "dead-space" contained within the apparatus."Open wire ether mask with inner dome (Bellamy Gardner mask) and outer wire frame tower (Ogston frame).Moulded into connector clip: BRITISH MAKEbellamy gardner, ogston, open ether administration, henry peter penn

The Epstein, Macintosh, Oxford vaporizer (EMO) was designed in 1952 by Dr H. G. Epstein and Sir Robert Macintosh of the Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics at the University of Oxford, with the aid of their technician, Mr Richard Salt. It was essentially a refinement of their earlier Oxford vaporizer and designed specifically to deliver ether in known concentrations, irrespective of the temperature of the ether. Robert Macintosh was born at Timaru New Zealand in 1897. In December 1915 he travelled to Britain and was commissioned in the Royal Scots Fusiliers, soon transferring to the Royal Flying Corps. He was shot down behind enemy lines on 26 May 1917 and taken prisoner, escaping several times. When the war ended he returned to medical school and qualified in 1924 as MRCS LRCP. Macintosh's initial intention was to be a surgeon, but soon after qualifying he developed an interest in the field of anaesthesia. Macintosh became the first professor of anaesthetics at Oxford although the university was at first against the appointment. He recruited the scientists Dr Kurt Mendelssohn and Dr H G Epstein and together they designed and built the Oxford vaporiser, a simple, portable, and accurate means of delivering varying concentrations of ether which was to see service in the second world war. He was knighted in 1955 and died at Oxford in 1989.The apparatus is a round, barrel style object with three small rubber feet and a moulded handle over the top. It consists of a vaporising chamber, wick, ether level indicator, temperature compensating value, air bypass chamber and mixing chamber. Manufacturer's label on reverse: EMO, Longworth Scientific Inst. Co. Ltd. England. Serial No. 5878macintosh, epstein, oxford, vaporiser, nuffield, ether

Early cylinders were coloured as their maker saw fit, usually black, perhaps with a white top for oxygen. The Americans first achieved standardisation, but other countries do not follow American Standards. Australia follows the colour-scheme of the British Oxygen Corporation. The body is coloured individually for each gas, viz: compressed air, grey; carbon dioxide, brown; oxygen, black; nitrous oxygen, blue’ cyclopropane, primrose-yellow’ ethylene, mauve. Panels of other colours may appear on the body, but indicate technical points of cylinder-design and do not concern the anaesthetist. (Penn catalogue entry)Empty small pale green painted cylinder with rounded base and attached outflow valve with circular 'On-Off' knob.Handwritten in red paint across the main body of the cylinder: ST. VINCENTS 32510 Printed on manufacturer's label: 'KEEP CYLINDER COOL / CIG [logo] / MADE IN AUSTRALIA / MEDICAL AIR COMPRESSED / DO NOT ALLOW OIL OR GREASE ON VALVE / OPEN VALVE SLOWLY CLOSE AFTER USEcompressed air, cylinder, colour standardisation

The Bruck Inhaler is a modification of the Clover Inhaler, designed by Lambert Bruck. Bruck added a glass dome which enabled the level of ether to be monitored during administration. This was a revolutionary change as it removed guess work from the process.The Bruck Inhaler is a historically, aesthetically and scientifically significant piece. The basic design is based on the Clover Inhaler, but with a rounded bottom. The idea of a glass viewing window was possibly inspired by Wilson-Smith Inhaler. The Bruck Inhaler is historically significant as it is the first inhaler to be made with a completely clear lower glass section. This improved the usability for the ether administrator, and eliminated much of the guesswork associated with dosage and ether levels, which in turn improved the patient experience. This piece provides a strong local link to both anaesthetic and general medical practice at the turn of the century. The design is credited to Ludwig Bruck of Sydney, and was presumably manufactured in the same area. Bruck, as the attributed designer, holds much relevance to the significance of the object, as connected with him is much historical information about the social context of medical practice. Ludwig Bruck was a prominent figure in the medical industry. He started his medical career in Sydney as a Medical Transfer Agent, and later owned a shop at 16 Castlereagh Street, Sydney. This business is listed in the 1903 Register of Firms as a Medical Agent and Importer of Medical Instruments and Books. Bruck was vocal as a journalist and published analyses of medical statistics, as well as the well known Australasian Medical Dictionary and Handbook, which included the “List of Unregistered Medical Practitioners”. Ludwig Bruck was an immigrant. He was of German descent, which placed him in a precarious position within Sydney society during the turn of century. Bruck conducted several public conversations with prominent members of the Australian Natives Association through the Sunday News in regards to his disagreement of the employment of medical practitioners by the ANA specifically to corroborate their health insurance policies. He was also a stalwart supporter of the Australian arm of the British Medical Association, being the publisher of the first and subsequent editions of The Australian Medical Gazette. Bruck chose to end his life with a combination of poison and chloroform on 14 August 1915, after being accused of trading with the enemy during World War One. His suicide note stated his horror at leaving his business partner to deal with the tarring of his reputation as the reason for his decision. The Bruck Inhaler has aesthetic significance as it is a beautiful example of turn of the century surgical design and craftsmanship. Aseptic methods of surgery were well known by 1909, and the aesthetic design of the Bruck Inhaler conformed to these principles. The ability for the surgeon to unscrew, clean and sterilize each part of the Inhaler contributes to the streamlined design of the piece. The Buck Inhaler holds scientific significance. There is the capacity for further research to be undertaken on the object. Geoffrey Kaye often collected multiple examples of equipment, usually one for reverse engineering and another for teaching. There are currently two examples of the Bruck Inhaler in the collection, presenting an opportunity for further technical research on the object. The inhaler is oval shaped with one half made of glass to allow observation of the ether level. A vertical cross tube, 22mm in diameter passes between the face-piece and the bag [missing]. There is a stopcock for admission of oxygen or nitrous oxide opposite the bag attachment. There is a central tube, 28mm in diameter, with controllable ports on either side. There is also a tear-drop shaped fask mask.Hand engraved on side of base: L. Bruck / Sydneyclover, joseph, bruck, lambert, inhaler, rebreather, nitrous oxide, oxygen, williams, probyn

The Bruck Inhaler is a modification of the Clover Inhaler, designed by Lambert Bruck. Bruck added a glass dome which enabled the level of ether to be monitored during administration. This was a revolutionary change as it removed guess work from the process.The inhaler is oval shaped with two halves. One half should be made of glass [missing] to allow observation of the ether level. A vertical cross tube, 22mm in diameter passes between the face-piece and the bag [broken]. There is a stopcock for admission of oxygen or nitrous oxide opposite the bag attachment. There is a central tube, 28mm in diameter, with controllable ports on either side.The Bruck Inhaler is a modification of the Clover Inhaler, designed by Ludwig Bruck. Bruck added a glass dome which enabled the level of ether to be monitored during administration. This was a revolutionary change as it removed guess work from the process.joseph clover, lambert bruck, inhaler, rebreather, nitrous oxide, oxygen, probyn williams, hewitt

Undated catalogue outlining anaesthetic apparatus designed and supplied by MIE (Medical and Industrial Equipment), London.Blue cardboard covered book with low sheen white pages. Bound using staples through the spine and star pins.

This tube is designed for left pneumonectomy (surgical removal of a lung or part of a lung). The left stem bronchus may be completely blocked off, while the right lung is inflated. There is provision for aspiration of the left bronchus.Rubber tubing with curved and tapered end for insertion into lung. Three smaller tubes come off the larger end, two of which have small rubber valves attached. The tube appears with a banded effect however, the banding is represents the now disintegrated rubber cuff.Blue sticker with white writing on side of tube: S.I.6.bronchus, bronchial, blocker, pneumonectomy, macintosh, leatherdale

A Soper straight laryngoscope blade adult size with bulb only. The blade has minor scratches over its surface and below the arm's blade because of its use. Presence of an old sticky tape mark under the blade. The contact stud at the base of the blade is worn. The end of the blade has a perforated line as part of its design. The metallic base of the light bulb has an oxide spot on it. No inscriptions. No inscriptionssoper, laryngoscope, blade, adult, light bulb

Designed by Dr Paluel Flagg around 1915 and later used for 25 years. This laryngoscope blade was designed to meet certain expectations about laryngeal richness and to avoid major tracheal injuries in patients. (Ball, 2014) Article reference: C. M. Ball & R. N. Westhorpe. 2014. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care. Nov 2014, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p687-688. 2p.Complete laryngoscope used by Dr Lennard Travers. Medium sized Flagg straight blade with a slight curve at the distal end and a 'U' shape canal. The handle has a serrated grip for easy use and it is also a container for two batteries, it has a switch on its base. The full piece has visible and deep scratches over the top of blade around the stamped blade type inscription. The base of the blade has a worn surface with a slight discolouration due its use. No presence of led light bulb on blade. Minor scratches on handle base battery deposit with an ON - OFF switch black button. Stamped on blade, FLAGG LARYNGOSCOPE Stamped on top handle blade base, AUBURN, [W/A seal], N.Y.U.S.A. Stamped on the handle base power source button, ON [red colour], OFF [blue colour]flagg, laryngoscope, flagg blade, button, battery handle, straight blade

Designed by Dr Paluel Flagg around 1915 and later used for 25 years. This laryngoscope blade was designed to meet certain expectations about laryngeal richness and to avoid major tracheal injuries in patients. (Ball, 2014) Article reference: C. M. Ball & R. N. Westhorpe. 2014. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care. Nov 2014, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p687-688. 2p.Small sized Flagg straight blade with a slight curve at the distal end and a 'U' shape canal with light bulb attached. The piece has a general excellent condition and brightness over its surface. The laryngoscope blade type is stamped on top of the blade and the manufacturer seal is located at the base back side of the blade. Stamped on top of the blade, FLAGG LARYNGOSCOPE Stamped seal at the base back side, W/A [inside a triangle shape]flagg, light bulb, straight blade, welch allyn company (wa)

Designed by Dr Paluel Flagg around 1915 and later used for 25 years. This laryngoscope was designed to meet certain expectations about laryngeal access and to avoid major tracheal injuries in patients (Ball, 2014). Article reference: C. M. Ball & R. N. Westhorpe. 2014. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care. Nov 2014, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p687-688. 2p.Flagg laryngoscope handle only. The handle has a serrated grip for easy use; it is also a container for two batteries and has a switch on its base with an ON - OFF switch black button which quite rusty. The handle has a screw on top of it, used to secure the blade. The full piece has minor scratches over its surface. It has a small crack in the switch area and a missing screw bellows it. The handle has an inscription about the manufacturer company seal and name stamped at the top of the handle ring.Stamped on top handle blade base, AUBURN, [W/A seal], N.Y.U.S.A. Stamped on the handle base power source button, ON [red colour], OFF [blue colour]flagg, handle, switch, laryngoscope

"First described by professor R. R. Macintosh in the Lancet of February 13th, 1943, this design is now the acknowledged leader throughout the world." (PENLON, 1969) Reference: PENLON. 1969. Anaesthetic Equipment - Longworth Scientific Instrument Company LTD. Abingdon, Berkshire, England. January 1969. Macintosh semi curved blade designed in a baby size, with an unfitted light bulb attached. Minor scratches and some slight hit marks over the piece surface caused by its previous use. It has the manufacturer name and the place where it was made along with the owner’s name engraved at the back of the blade. Engraved at the back of the blade near light bulb the owner details: R.C.H. / O.P.T. Stamped at the back blade base into metal the manufacturer's name and place: Longworth / MADE IN ENGLAND Stamped on light bulb base serrated surface, HEINE XHL / #059 2,5v paediatric blades, royal children's hospital, macintosh, light bulb, longworth, blade, laryngoscope

The design of this item is associated to what was "first described by Professor R. R. Macintosh in the Lancet of February 13th, 1943, this design is now the acknowledged leader throughout the world." (PENLON, 1969) Reference: PENLON. 1969. Anaesthetic Equipment - Longworth Scientific Instrument Company LTD. Abingdon, Berkshire, England. January 1969. The manufacturer of this blade is the Boots UK Limited pharmacy company, they apparently had a branch in Australia to distribute their medical and pharmaceutical equipment and part of them was focused on the manufacturing of laryngoscopes blades. The Boots company reproduced this trending design used in the anaesthetic practice. URL Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boots_UK / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_Boots Macintosh semi curved blade designed in a baby size, without light bulb attached. Minor scratches and some slight hit marks over the piece surface caused by its previous use. It has the manufacturer name and brand and the place where it was made at the back of the blade base.Stamped at the blade back base area, BOOTS AUSTRALIA / MADE IN ENGLANDmacintosh, blade, boots australia, boots uk limited, england blade

"First described by professor R. R. Macintosh in the Lancet of February 13th, 1943, this design is now the acknowledged leader throughout the world." (PENLON, 1969) Reference: PENLON. 1969. Anaesthetic Equipment - Longworth Scientific Instrument Company LTD. Abingdon, Berkshire, England. January 1969. Macintosh semi curved blade designed in a child size, with a light bulb attached. Minor scratches and some slight hit marks over the piece surface caused by its previous use. It has stamped the manufacturer name and the place where it was made at the back of the blade.Stamped on the back blade base, Longworth / MADE IN ENGLANDmacintosh, blade, longworth, paediatrics, light bulb

"First described by professor R. R. Macintosh in the Lancet of February 13th, 1943, this design is now the acknowledged leader throughout the world." (PENLON, 1969) Reference: PENLON. 1969. Anaesthetic Equipment - Longworth Scientific Instrument Company LTD. Abingdon, Berkshire, England. January 1969.Macintosh semi curved blade designed in a child size, with a light bulb attached to the blade and a hinge attached to the back side of the base. Several scratches and deep hit marks over its surface caused by its previous use. This piece also has visible old dust spots and stains. Its contact stud is in a well condition and does not has any inscriptions. macintosh, blade, paediatrics, light bulb

"First described by Professor R. R. Macintosh in the Lancet of February 13th, 1943, this design is now the acknowledged leader throughout the world." (PENLON, 1969) Reference: PENLON. 1969. Anaesthetic Equipment - Longworth Scientific Instrument Company LTD. Abingdon, Berkshire, England. January 1969.Right hand stainless steel size 3 Macintosh interchangeable laryngoscope blade with light bulb, attached to a standard sized handle with serrated grip and no batteries inside deposit. Minor scratches and hit marks are over its surface. A blue sticky tape is attached to the back side of the blade where the size and type is, also can be found the mark left by a previous sticky tape around the top neck of the handle. The blade was made by Penlon in England.Engraved in cursive writing above the light bulb, Royal Childrens Hospital Engraved in capital writing above the light bulb next to previous text, D.A. Stamped at the back side of the blade, MACINTOSH / 3 Stamped at the blade base lateral side, REGD. TRADE MARK / PENLON / MADE IN ENGLAND Stamped at the blade back side, STAINLESSlaryngoscope, macintosh laryngoscope, macintosh blade, light bulb

Magill's laryngoscope with open straight blade and flat round speculum and a detachable light bulb connector, the bulb is missing. This laryngoscope is a previous version of the battery use ones conceived around 1920 therefore circa 1900. The design of the handle is similar to the Shipway laryngoscopes with a curved and pointed end and anatomical handle grip. The blade attachment place seems to be an adaptation to this kind of blade which differs from original models. The piece has several scratches and deep hit marks, as well as oxidation spots mostly around the internal canal of the blade. There is presence of resin residues on some surfaces. A visible different kind of metal was used at the blade base attachment place and for the light bulb connector. Engraved on handle its model type and in the arm of the handle a possible manufacturer name (illegible) and the place where it was made.Engraved at the handle, MAGILL'S LARYNGOSCOPE. Stamped at the arm of the handle back side, STAINLESS STEEL Stamped at the arm of the handle front side, A[not understandable text might be Allen & Hanburys Ltd.] / LONDON / JZmagill, ivan, laryngoscope, 1900, resin, shipway, light bulb, magill laryngoscope

Curt Theodor Schimmelbusch (November 16, 1860 – August 2, 1895) was a German physician and pathologist who invented the Schimmelbusch mask, for the safe delivery of anaesthetics to surgical patients. In 1890, Schimmelbusch invented a mask for the delivery of anaesthetics to surgical patients. It was primarily designed for ether anaesthesia, but he also proposed its use for chloroform anaesthesia. Schimmelbusch designed a metal mask, over which a gauze could be stretched and secured. The mask was placed over the patient's mouth and nose, and anaesthetic was applied to the gauze, allowing the patient to inhale the anaesthetic as they breathed normally. Around the edge of the mask, a trough collected the residual anaesthetic, rather than allowing it to drip onto the patient's face.Oval shaped metal mask with a collapsible cross-shaped dome, hinged clamp and flat handleStamped into underside of handle: ELLIOTT SYDNEYschimmelbusch, mask, open method, chloroform, ether, german, physician, pathologist