Copy of an article from the Bendigo Weekly 9/6/2000 titled The Mine Flooding Crisis - New Pumping Technology Suggested by James Lerk. Louis August Samuels was born in Germany. Samuels was involved in the mining industry in Australia and he had mining experience in West Africa. He had knowledge of the mines at the southern end of the field. He was president of the Mine Managers' Association. He believed the flooding was caused by the lack of baling and pumping operations. Earlier he had visited a coal mine in Bohemia to see a Riedler pump at work. It was a new design, very effective, simple in design and reliable. He watched it work. It was 500 metres underground and pushed the water to the surface in a single column. He suggested this type of pump could be adapted to use on the New Chum Reef. Even this suggestion was not the latest technical innovation, but it would be more efficient and less costly than baling. No one took him seriously and continued to remove water by the traditional means. Article is accompanied by a photo of Samuels.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - the mine flooding crisis - new pumping technology suggested, bendigo weekly 9/6/2000, james lerk, louis august samuels, origin of the bendigo saddle reefs and the cause of their golden wealth 1893, bendigo mine managers' association, victoria proprietary company, victoria quartz mine, new chum drainage association, riedler pump, riedler zwangschluss valve, technical school at aix-la-chapelle (achen)

Cast iron mercury bucket, used to hold mercury, potentially in the process of recovering minute pieces of gold mixed in soil and sediments. See research page for description of one process of using mercury to extract gold.gold mines, mining equipment, mercury bucket, miners used mercury in a number of ways to amalgamate gold, with each mill or battery operator having their preferred method depending on the nature of the ore. by the late 1850s the most common way of crushing goldbearing quartz ores or consolidated alluvial cements was in a stamp battery. the battery featured heavy iron stamp heads held in a frame, with each head often weighing up to 500 pounds (226 kg) or more (see msv 1880, page 45) (birrell 2005). stamp heads were lifted and dropped by a rotating overhead cam shaft driven by a steam engine or water wheel. ore was fed into a large cast-iron battery box, mixed with a steady stream of water, and pulverised by the stamp heads. in some batteries, mercury was placed in the base of the boxes to amalgamate with freed gold. the violent agitation of the mercury in the mortar box, however, could cause the mercury to break into myriad tiny globules that were carried away by the water with the tailings, thus losing a certain amount of gold in the process (thompson 1867; ritchie & hooker 1997). the water and sand slurry was splashed by the falling stamps from the box through fine mesh screens and onto inclined wooden tables below the mortar box (figure 2). the tables were covered with copper sheets or plates coated with mercury, which caught and amalgamated with a portion of the gold. the grey putty-like amalgam was periodically scraped off the sheets and retorted in a furnace to collect the gold and recover the mercury for reuse. mercury was inevitably lost from the plates, while poor maintenance resulted in further losses of gold and mercury in the tailings. mercury use and loss from gold mining in 19th century victoria. peter davies1, susan lawrence, and jodi turnbull, department of archaeology and history, la trobe university.

One damaged copy of 'Embers' vol. 1 No. 1 May, 1947. This is the first issue of news-sheet aimed at keeping students in tune with current events at the college. Added aims are for students to keep a record of their life at the college and for ex-students to keep in touch. Included is a photo of lecturer Mr. Duncan teaching a class and various contributions by college members. Attached to this, is a copy of 'Embers' Vol. 1 No. 2 Aug. 1947. It includes a photograph of female students participating in Physical Education also news from around the college and a page for 'Exies'. The editor for both publications is Howard R. Harvey.bendigo, education, embers, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo teachers' college, bendigo, education, tertiary education, students, staff, 'embers' vol.1 no. 2 aug 1947, newspaper, publications, magazine, howard r. harvey, mr. duncan, history

A white soft cover with 'Embers' 1954' in large blue printing. It contains four different copies of the magazine - Vol. 2 No. 2 May, 1954 ; Vol 2 No. 3 June, 1954, Vol. 2 No. 4 July, 1954 and Vol. 2 No. 6 Oct-Nov., 1954. The various magazines have photographs, contributions and the campus news of the month.bendigo, education, embers, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, students, staff, magazine, tertiary education, bendigo teachers' college, history, photographs, photos

Various copies of 'Embers' magazine for the year 1954 - No. 1 April 1954(2 copies), No. 2 May 1954, No. 3 June 1954, No. 4 July 1954 and No. 6 Oct. 1954 - Nov. All have items of interest for staff and students of the day including photographs and contributions by students.bendigo, education, embers, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, tertiary education, staff, students, magazine, history, photos, photographs, bendigo teachers' college

A yellow soft covered magazine with 'Embers' in blue print and 'Souvenir Edition 1955' in red print. It contains bound editions of 1955 'Embers' magazines - No. 2 April, No. 3 May - June, No. 5 Aug., No. 6 October and No. 7 December. These publications contain campus news and photographs relevant to the students of the day. Also included is a copy of 'Embers' May 1958 No. 2 Vol. 6.bendigo, education, embers, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, tertiary education, students, staff, bendigo teachers' college, history, magazine, photos, photographs

Two 'Embers' copies 1961 No. 1 and 1961 No. 2. Editor Ron Stone. Also a copy of 'Embers' 1962 the editor being Deanna Vardanega. There are two larger copies of 'Embers' February 1966 and April 1968. The magazines contain photos, and other contributions by students and staff showing life on campus at the time.bendigo, education, embers, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, bendigo teachers' college, tertiary education, history, students, staff, photos, photographs , magazine, deanna vardanega, ron stone

Seven copies of 'Embers' magazines published in 1970(6 copies) and 1971. They include the red magazine titled 'Embers calendar 19.' This is an orientation edition for new students in 1970 and includes an introduction to the city of Bendigo. There is a Shakespeare themed edition which has an orange cover. The remaining magazines all reflect the attitudes and issues of the times with cartoons, photographs and other contributions from those enjoying life on the college campus.bendigo, education, embers, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, tertiary education, students, staff, bendigo teachers' college, history, photos, photographs, cartoons, magazine

Four copies of the 'Phoenix' magazine - 1956, 1961(2 copies) and 1967. 'Phoenix Celebrities for 1956' has spaces for photos of staff and students but photos haven't been inserted. There are two copies of the 1961 edition and contains photos of staff and students of that year as does 'Phoenix '67.'bendigo, education, phoenix, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, bendigo teachers' college, history, photos, photographs, magazine, tertiary education, students, staff

11 copies of Bendigo Teachers' College Handbooks from 1959 through to 1966/1968(2 copies) - 1969. They provide useful information for students including information on courses, transport, accommodation, medical matters and financial matters.bendigo, education, bendigo teachers' college handbooks, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, education, tertiary education, information, students, staff, handbooks, bendigo teachers' college, bendigo teachers' college information, magazine, study methods, college anthems

Seven Bendigo Teachers' College handbooks from 1970 through to 1976. They contain information for students attending Bendigo Teachers' College. Information includes information on subjects, finance, courses, accommodation and SRC constitution.bendigo, education, bendigo teachers' college handbooks, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, tertiary education, students, staff, bendigo teachers' college, information, history, handbooks

Various items relating to triangular sports contests between the teachers' colleges between 1955 and 1960. They include programmes and an official luncheon menu with Miss J. C. Burnett's name on it.bendigo, education, bendigo teachers' college sports, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, tertiary education, students, staff, bendigo teachers' college, ballarat teachers' college, geelong teachers' college, sports, triangular contests, luncheons, menu, magazine

A small black and white photograph of the Bendigo Teachers' College staff taken in 1967 in front of the Administration Block.bendigo, education, bendigo teachers' college staff, la trobe university bendigo collection, collection, bendigo, education, tertiary education, staff, photo, photograph, bendigo teachers' college staff, history