Showing 332 items
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Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Album - Photograph, J.A. McDonald, Dixons Creek Road, June 1957
... at the Commercial Bank of Australia Limited, Melbourne, or at the Council's... 1957. 5. Such moneys shall be repayable at the Commercial Bank ...Dixons Creek Road Bridge over Dixons Creek – 56FD330 June 1957 Dixons Creek pier forming columns and beam Advertising (1957, January 19). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 33 (Col. 9). Retrieved August 24, 2022, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71777065 SHIRE OF ELTHAM. Loan No. 27.-Notice of Intention to Borrow Sum of £ 15,000 for Permanent Works and Undertakings. - Notice is hereby given, that the Council of the Shire of Eltham proposes to borrow the sum of £15,000 on the credit of the municipal revenues of the president, councillors, and ratepayers for the said shire, such sum to be raised by the Issue of debentures in accordance with the provisions of the Local Government Acts. 1. Maximum rate of interest that may be paid is £5/10/ per cent, per annum. 2. The purposes for which the loan is to be applied are: Construction of Sanitary Conveniences at Shire Office, Council's contribution towards costs of Dixons Creek Bridge, Construction of Mt. Pleasant rd., Construction of Cherry Tree rd. 3. The period of the loan shall be 10 years. 4. Moneys borrowed will be repayable by providing out of the Municipal Fund twenty half-yearly instalments of approximately £985/1/6 each, including principal and interest on the first day of October and the first day of April during the currency of the loan. The first Instalment shall be payable on the first day of October 1957. 5. Such moneys shall be repayable at the Commercial Bank of Australia Limited, Melbourne, or at the Council's bankers for the time being in Melbourne. The plans and specifications and the estimates of the costs of the proposed works and a statement showing the proposed expenditure of the moneys to be borrowed are open for inspection at the Shire Office, Eltham. R. J. HAM. Shire Secretary.Record of various Shire of Eltham infrastructure works undertaken during the period of 1952-1962 involving bridge and road reconstruction projects, sometimes with Eltham Shire Council Project Reference numbers quoted. It was during this period that a number of significant improvements were made to roads and new bridges constructed within the shire that remain in place as of present day (2022). In many situations, the photos provide a tangible visible record of infrastructure that existed throughout the early days of the Shire. The album was put together by or under the direction of the Shire Engineer, J.A. McDonald.infrastructure, road construction, shire of eltham, bridge construction, dixons creek bridge, dixon's creek road, 1957-06 -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Calendar Desk Perpetual, circa mid 1950s
... for a multiple clientele office e.g. post office, commercial office..., commercial office or bank, school or educational administration area ...This item appears to be a calendar which was in use for a multiple clientele office e.g. post office, commercial office or bank, school or educational administration area, small government office or hospital administration in the Kiewa Valley or its region. The time this item was first used, electrical or battery powered desk and office calendars did not exist for semi isolated rural regions. These type of perpetual calendars not only looked impressive but were not affected by power shortages. This was a time when not all of Victoria was adequately supplied by power. This item is quite relevant to the Kiewa Valley as it demonstrates that the time before the Hydro electricity generators where built (Mount Beauty to Falls Creek), power supplies were not keeping up to the ever increasing demand from city and rural customers. This item was in a period before mass produced automated date and time pieces were available and hand operated date and time pieces were both in a social and commercial sphere a necessity.Wooden box (varnished) with three openings (on the front) detailing ,the day(Monday to Sunday), the date (1st to 31st) and the month (January to December). On the right side of the calendar box are two winding screws (RHS 6 steel) for each opening. These permit the scrolling of the information i.e. day, number and month. This ability results in a desk calendar which is perpetual. On the back there is a steel (screwed on) hanger with a slot for wall screw.perpetual calendar, office calendars, desk calendars, desk furniture -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Slide - 35mm slide/s - set of 7, Noel Simons, 23/10/1965 12:00:00 AM
... Balwyn) in High St. Kew. Has Commercial bank in background along... St. Kew. Has Commercial bank in background along with other ...Set of 7 Kodachrome transparencies taken on 23/10/1965 in Melbourne. 1179.1 - W2 488 (route 42, Mont Albert) at the corner of High St. and Cotham Road Kew. Taken from Kew Post Office, has Bank of New South Wales in the background, CBC bank and the Greyhound Hotel. Tram has ads for Kolotex stockings and Ryco oil filters. 1179.2 - SW2 436, in bound (route 45, City) leaving Cotham Road, about to join High St, Kew. Buildings on the south side of Cotham Road in photo. Tram has an ad along with others for Vincent's powders. 1179.3 - W2 545 (route 48, North Balwyn) in High St. Kew. Has Commercial bank in background along with other shops. 1179.4 - W2 648 (route 42, Mont Albert) turning from High St. South into High St at Kew Junction, with Clifton Hotel in background. Tram has an ad for Kenric clothes. Note an MFBB street fire alarm by the tram stop. 1179.5 - W2 566 (inbound route 42, City) at same location as 1179.5. Tram has a Jex and a Remy Martin Brandy ads. on front dash panel. 1179.6 - W2 572 entering Victoria Parade from Brunswick St. Fitzroy. Tram has a Jex and a Remy Martin Brandy ads. on front dash panel. Eastern Hill Fire Station and ICI building in background. 1179.7 - W2 378 (inbound, route 45, City) and W2 572, inbound, in Victoria Parade between Brunswick St and Gismo St. East Melbourne. Otherwise as for 1179.6.All have date stamp of "23 Oct 1965" in purple ink. All black ink unless otherwise noted. 1179.1 - "W2 488 Entering Cotham Rd. from High St. Kew" 1179.2 - "SW2 436 in Cotham Rd., Kew, about to enter High St." 1179.3 - "W2 545 in High Street Kew, nearly opposite Cotham Road" 1179.4 - "W2 648 entering High Street from High Street South, Kew". 1179.5 - "W2 566 entering High St. South from High St. Kew" 1179.6 - "W2 572 entering Victoria Pde from Brunswick St. East Melbourne" 1179.7 - "W2 378 and 572 in Victoria Pde between Brunswick and Gisborne Sts. East Melbourne."tramways, trams, kew, high st kew, cotham road, victoria parade, melbourne, tram 545, tram 488, tram 436, tram 648, tram 566, tram 572, tram 378 -
Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Peter Pidgeon, Main Road at Pitt Street, Eltham, 2 Aug. 2022
... then the Commercial Bank of Australia branch, the Methodist Church just behind.... On the right is Webster's then the Commercial Bank of Australia branch ...Main Road looking north from Pitt Street. Comparison photo: SEPP_0626 - Main Road north of Pitt Street, c.1910 On the far left is Mrs Mary Ann Morris' house and shop and Hill's House. William Morris was the publican for the Evelyn Hotel which was on the opposite corner of Pitt Street and Main Road. Also believed to be the Scarce house at some stage, Mrs Emily Scarce was President of the Australian Women's National League. On the right is Webster's then the Commercial Bank of Australia branch, the Methodist Church just behind it on John Street. To the immediate right out of visibility is Watson's Eltham Hotel. Part of a presentation by Peter Pidgeon to the Society, 13 August 2022 showcasing a series of photographs taken by John Henry Clark over the period 1895 to 1930. John Henry Clark was the youngest of three boys born to William Henry Clark (1823-1877) and Maria White (1843-1914). He and his brothers, William Charles Clark (1872-1945), Clement Kent Clark (1874-1912) operated a photography business (Clark Bros.) from 25 Thomas Street, Windsor near Prahran during the period c.1894 to 1914. Following death of Clement in September 1912 and their mother in 1914, the Clark Bros business appears to have dissolved, the premises demolished, and a new house was under construction in 1915. John set up business independently in 1914 operating out of 29 Moor Street, Fitzroy where he is registered in the 1914 and 1915 Electoral Rolls. By 1916 John had relocated to Eltham where he continued his practice as a photographer and took many of the early images around the district of Little Eltham. Around 1930 John changed professions and opened a small cobbler's shop in 1931 near the pond opposite Dalton Street adjacent to the Jarrold family cottage. He never married and continued his profession as a bootmaker from this little shop, maintaining a close relationship with Mrs Jarrold for the rest of their lives. His bootmaker shop remains today beside the Whitecloud cottage and is one of only three remaining shops in the area from the early 20th century.Comparative photo taken 2022 with one taken from same location over 100 years earlier by noted local photographer J.H. ClarkBorn Digitaleltham, j.h. clark photo (2022), main road, pitt street -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Upper Main Street Stawell looking East 1930
... destroyed by fire. Some buildings not visible, Commercial Hotel... by fire. Some buildings not visible, Commercial Hotel ...Upper Main Street looking East c 1930. Two Story shop on left behind O. Gilpin is Chadwicks Draper later partially destroyed by fire. Some buildings not visible, Commercial Hotel then Oriental Bank / The Bank Australasia in Centre of Photo, Punchard's Furniture. On right of street, side of Mechanics institute, B.S. Dawson Chemists & R.H. Wadsworth Watchmaker, the English Scottish & Australian Bank on right. Clark & Scott Drapery. stawell streetscape -
Melton City Libraries
Photograph, Mrs Knox and Beryl Gillespie at the First Hundred Years Celebration of Melton State School 430, 1970
... to the National and Commercial banks. Station Rd to Western Highway, now... travelled to Bacchus Marsh to the National and Commercial banks ...Beryl Knox speaking about early life in Melton. Page 1 1949 – 64 years ago. We began our married life at Melton Sth. The house on the corner of the Exford Rd and Staughton St-- dusty gravel roads, box thorns and noxious weeds everywhere and a sprinkling of houses and vacant land. It was a friendly community consisting of old family names. McDonalds, Blacks, Dodemaide, Cahill, Coopers, Minns, Tinklers, Nesbitts, Cochranes, Wickhams, Exells. Mavis Butler. The home owned by Mr. Robinson and Miss Robinson had been shifted in two parts transported from Diggers Rest and it is still standing 2013. Bruce’s father purchased the house and two adjoining blocks, the Conways built on one and the Rawlinson family on the other block. Eileen still resides there, she was only a baby in a pram and the family had not long arrived from England. The railway line was close to the house and the contents would rattle when heavy steams trains went through, and on a clear frosty night the 1am paper train would echo roar through very loudly when labouring towards the Exford Bridge. Then the two carriage motor train was introduced, this was great for the workers and schoolies who travelled to Melbourne. The train pulled up at the crossing or riding to pick up or drop off. Melva Gillespie (nee Hirt) Bill Cahill delivered the milk by the billy and then in bottles. Len Kennedy (Paul Kennedy’s father, Norma Murrays son) delivered Jongebloeds bread, he always had a sweep going for the Melbourne Cup and raffles for the footy club. Mr. Woodgate owned an old bus and pick up point was the Post Office when there was a Saturday film on a Melton. There were no doctors or dentists in the district. If we need a Doctor we had to travel to Bacchus Marsh or discuss problems over the phone. In later years a Bacchus Marsh Doctor rented the Bluestone building in McKenzie St a couple of days a week. If we needed the Dentist we had to travel to West Footscray or Footscray. We did our banking at “State Savings” then the Miss Minns had the agency and then Bardsleys Store. We travelled to Bacchus Marsh to the National and Commercial banks. Station Rd to Western Highway, now (High Street) was a narrow stretch of bitumen and gravel farmland either side and a couple of farm houses and large gum trees on the properties. Page 2 North of the Railway line Mrs Bessie Jones, mother of Chas and Betty Jones managed the Post Office, next door to her Chas and Betty had the Shell Centre, and later moved the business to Melton. Hughie Nesbitt and mother owned the grocery and hardware store, and I bought my first set of saucepans there. On the opposite side of Station road Mr Coombe owned the fruit shop, and also provided soft drinks and lollies for children. The Chaff Mill was on the corner of Station Rd and Brooklyn Rd. Mr Lumsden was manager and later years Bernie Trethowan and Jack Butler were partners. It finally burnt down and is a Service Station now. Along Brooklyn Rd there were a few houses and Victoria Hall, not a very big hall, but catered for lots of functions, Balls, Fancy Dress, Bazaars, Square Dancing and meetings. The Bacchus Marsh Baptists held Sunday School in the hall. A group of shops were built south of the railway line Molly and Len Skinner managed the Post Office and handled a few essential groceries. Tom McDonald and Ron Lunsberg were the butchers. Mary and Syd Cooper lived next door to us and often in turn would run out of something when we had a baking spree we would borrow or exchange, sugar flour etc over the fence. Mavis and Jack Butler lived there before the Coopers. Bernie and Iris Trethowan lived two doors up. Neighbours were invited into their home to view the first black and white television in Melton Sth. Bill Exell was one of the first Melton Sth farmers to sell his land to developers, the land was idle for years before housing developed. I joined the Melton Valley Golf Club in 1960. The Gun Club as our Club House, an old tin shed consisting a water tank, trestle table and forms and dirt floor. It was a 9 hole course with sand scraps and landscape putting before greens. The Common or parkland was part of the Golf Course. It was open for every ones recreation. Roy Norton an old identity trained his trotters on the Common and wouldn’t clear the track for the golfers. The golfers had to avoid him to continue to play. We had to keep clear when the young youths came in their paddock cars and motorbikes. Over the years the Toolern Creek flooded its banks, water and debri covered the course on one year our first Club house was flooded out. It took several working bees to clean it up. We lived at Melton Sth for 15 years and moved to Melton on the farm “Croxton Park.” The Nixon family farm “Mowbray” adjoined the farm. Bruce worked the land cropping the farm when Mrs Nixon died. Page 3 (page 4 on the handwritten script) Bruce had the first offer to buy, in those days it wasn’t easy to get good bank loans. Part of the land is the Golf Course now and Mr O’Shea purchased the bulk. Moving to Melton was totally different – I became involved with Committees, Scouts, Guides, Mothers Clubs, CWA, Church Op shop (8 years). Melton Amateurs players produced and tutored by Mabel Rogers exerts from Pyjama Game, South Pacific, Carousel - later years a group of ladies did gentle water exercise at Essendon and Station Road swimming pool. I was 20 or so years in Probus. The local followed the football, there was always a Gymkhana on the long weekend in June. The tennis always created a lot of interest during the finals. It didn’t matter which team played the supporters were treated to a cup of tea and leftovers from their afternoon tea. In 1978 were the first residents to move into the Jennings Estate Kurunjang and lived there 31 years and retired 4 years ago into Unit. The amazing changes I have experienced. Merrimu supplied our water, after depending on tanks. The landscape changed completely when developers came in, no more dusty plains \ typed web Sept 2013 McFarlane, Mrs Knox and Beryl Gillespie at the First Hundred Years Celebration of Melton State School 430. The event was held at Mechanics Hall, Melton.local identities, local significant events, education -
Old Colonists' Association of Ballarat Inc.
Photograph - Image, John Robson
... it until the bank was absorbed by the Commercial Bank of Australia... it until the bank was absorbed by the Commercial Bank of Australia ...John Robson was born at Newcastle, Northumberland, England, the son of Mathew Robson and Hannah Sproat. Hesailed to Australia on the "Arabian", landing at Port Phillip in 1854. Obituary DEATH OF MR. JOHN ROBSON ANOTHER PIONEER GONE. AN EXTREMELY VERSATILE MAN. General regret was expressed at the death yesterday morning at Miss Garnett's private hospital, of Mr John Robson, musician and and elocutonist and one of Ballarat's oldest, best known and most respected citizens. Mr Robson had been sitting for a few weeks, and his medical adviser, diagnosed his complaint as appendicitis, which afflicted, him in such a severe form that an operation was deemed to be absolutely necessary. He was removed to Miss Garnett's private hospital, and about a week ago he was operated upon. Mr Robson, being a man of robust constitution, stood the shock of the operation well, and he was making good headway towards recovery when the spell of hot weather set in, and caused exhaustion. Heart failure followed, and exhaustion the attention of his medical adviser, and the careful nursing he received, the end came peacefully at the time stated above. Mr John Robson was born at Newcastle, Northumberland, England, in , and he was therefore 72 years of age. Mr Robson's father, who was a contractor, had much to do with the building of the City of Newcastle. After passing through minor schools, Mr John Robson entered the academy of Professor Ross, and soon rose to a foremost position in the classes. When his studies were completed he was apprenticed to an architect and for a time studied the technique of this important branch of his father's calling. His adaptability for the work was great, and hopes were entertained that he would rise to a high position in the profession. Then came glowing reports of the wonderful Australian gold discoveries. Mr Robson’s father decided to migrate to these parts, and he sent a son to prepare the way. Believing that tools and timber might not be procured in Australia. Mr Robson, senr, constructed a portable wooden residence, which was shipped in pieces on the White Star liner Arabian which brought the family over. In 1854 Mr John Robson, who was then nearly 17 years of age, landed at Port Phillip, and with the other members of the family came on to Ballarat, which place he made his home to the end. When he first reached Ballarat, Mr Robson joined in the search for gold, but not being strong enough for this rough work, he turned his attention to carpentering. This he did not care much about, and in 1858 he was appointed a teacher in St. Paul's Day School, Ballarat, but in the following year he relinquished this position and became exchange clerk in the local branch of the National Bank. Being adapted to this quickly made himself acquainted with the details of a banker’s profession, and his rise was rapid. In the year 1871, about 12 years after he joined the bank, he was appointed manager, and for four years occupied that position with conspicuous success. He was connected with the National Bank for eighteen years, and in 1875 he entered business on his own account. With his brother, Mr Wm. Robson, he erected red-gum sawmills at Gunbower, on the River Murray. Subsequently he was offered the management of the Australian and European Bank in mills. In 1886, he accepted the position and held it until the bank was absorbed by the Commercial Bank of Australia. For a time he lived privately, still, how ever, holding his interest in the saw mills. In 1886, he accepted, the position of manager of the Ballarat branch of the Mercantile Bank of Australia. This bank was closed in 1892, and Mr Robson retired, altogether from commercial circles. In the meantime his brother died, and the saw-mills were sold. Mr Robson held a very important position in music, in fact he for many years was looked upon as the leading musician in Ballarat, he being master of quite a variety of instruments. In 1864. he was appointed conductor of the old Harmonic Society in this city, and subsequently conductor of the Ballarat Liedertafel. Under his leadership this society attained a high state of efficiency, which has since been well-maintained. Many years ago Mr Robson formed an operatic company from amongst Ballarat residents, and such beautiful operas as “Lucrezia Borgia' "Lucia di Lammermoor," “Ernani,' La Sonnambula,” and others were successfully rendered. As an elocutionist, Mr Robson attained much prominence, he being recognised as one of the most capable teachers in Ballarat. He was president of the one-time Ballarat Shakespearian Dramatic Club, which under his direction, from time to time produced Shakespeare’s masterpieces. In this, too, he took the chief characters, the roles of Macbeth, Othello, Hamlet, and Shylock, all being powerfully represented by him. For some years prior to his demise Mr Robson, acted as a teacher of music, and elocution, and many of his pupils, competed with great success at the Ballarat and other competitions. Some years ago he acted as adjudicator at the South street competitions, when he gave every satisfaction, and his services were frequently secured to judge at competitions in other parts of the State and in other states of the Commonwealth. At the Ballarat band contests every year, he was a conspicuous figure, and he always acted as leader of the massed bands, by whom his appearance was always enthusiastically greeted. In his younger days he took a keen interest in several forms of sport, was a successful oarsman, one of the best amateur boxers of his weight and as a billiard player was able to hold his own with professionals. 'Mr Robson was an earnest adherent of the Church of England, and in social and other organisations he from time to time held important positions. As a Anglican churchman, he was widely respected, being the official principal and lay Canon of the Cathedral, a member of the Bishops Council, and a prominent member of St. Paul's Church, Ballarat East. He was also a prominent member of the Masonic order. and was a Past Grand Junior Warden of the Grand Lodge of Freemasons of Victoria, an office which he filled with the greatest credit. He was also a member of the Old Colonists' Association and the Mechanics' Institute, was at one time vice-president of the Art Gallery was once a member of the School of Mines Council, and was many years ago made a Justice of the Pence. On many occasions he was asked to stand for Parliament, as a representative of Ballarat and on one occasion he consented to do so, but subsequently retired without going to the poll in favor of the late Mr Daniel Brophy. He was also often pressed to stand for both the Ballarat East and City Councils, but he declined to allow himself to be nominated. Mr Robson was an active gentleman, and a brilliant conversationalist. His courtesy, high mental and moral endowments, and warm open-heartedness, made him a most interesting and congenial companion. During his long residence in Ballarat, which city he declined to sever his connected with, he was well known and much courted, and was looked up on as one of the most prominent citizens, and his loss will be very severely felt. Some years ago a portrait of Mr Robson, in full Masonic regalia, was painted by he late Mr Stanton Bowman, and was presented by Mr Robson to the citizens, and it was hung in the City Hall, where it is always admired by visitors. The late Mr John Robson never married, and with his brother, James, lived for many years in Eureka street, Ballarat. The two brothers were nearly always together, and as they walked the streets with arms linked, they were frequently referred to as the Siamese twins. The only Australian relative of the late Mr John Robson is his brother. Mr James Robson, who hardly left the bedside during John's illness, and to him the blow has been a very severe one. In his bereavement he will have the heartfelt sympathy not only of the whole of the residents of Ballarat, but of people in all parts of the State. When the news of Mr Robson’s death became known the flags were flown at half-mast at the City and Town Halls, and the Old Colonists’ Hall, out of respect to the memory of the deceased. The interment will take place at the Old Cemetery this afternoon. The cortege will leave “Rothbury," Eureka street, Mr Robson’s late residence, at 3 o'clock, for St. Paul’s Church, where there will be a short service conducted by the vicar, the Rev T. A. Colebrook. (Ballarat Star, January 1910)Photographic portrait of John Robson, member of the Old Colonists' Association of Ballarat.john robson, old colonists' association of ballarat, old colonists' club -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Photograph, c1960
The photograph depicts a view across the water at Lake Sambell. The image dates from approximately 1960. The present day park and reserve occupies the site of the former Rocky Mountain Mining Company, an open-cut sluice mine that began operations in the mid-Nineteenth Century and operated until the early 1900s, through the peak of Victoria’s Gold Rush. It was converted into a park and leisure area in the 1920s. Lake Sambell was formally opened to the public on Friday 5th October 1928 and was opened by the Victorian Government’s Minister of Lands, Mr Bailey, as part of initiatives to boost the economies and development of country towns. The lake was named after Mr L.H. Sambell, a shire engineer and secretary of the Forward Beechworth Committee who was involved in promoting the transformation of the mining site and promoting plantation forestry and tourism as alternative industries. £300 to begin the process was provided by Mr J. McConvill, a former resident of Beechworth, who is remembered in a street name adjacent to the lake. Residents of Beechworth have worked to raise funds to improve the Lake Sambell reserve several times, such as efforts in the 1930s and 1940s to raise the banks several feet to deepen the water for swimming purposes. Fundraising campaigns include the ‘Ugly Man’ competition conducted on behalf of the Wallace Park-Lake Sambell Development Scheme. The latter competition was run by the Fire Brigade Bend’s team as part of a larger competition called the ‘Mile of Pennies’; it was won by Mr Len Knight of Beechworth’s Commercial Hotel. The ‘Mile of Pennies’ was conducted at a Carnival held on New Year’s Eve, 1947. It was proposed by the Beechworth and District Progress Association. As well as improving swimming facilities, funds were raised to install a caravan park facility near the lake. Funds were also donated by commercial entities, such as £250 received from Zwar Bros. Pty Ltd. The photograph is significant as it shows the level of development of Beechworth in the early to mid-Twentieth Century. Sepia rectangular photograph printed on matte photographic paperObverse: nil. Reverse: 3470 / Velox (paper mark)beechworth, beechworth lake, lake sambell, lake, beechworth and district progress association, forward beechworth committee, ugly man, mile of pennies, wallace park lake sambell development scheme, wallace park-lake sambell development scheme, zwar bros, zwar, l.h. sambell, j. mcconvill, minister of lands, commercial hotel, len knight, rocky mountain mining company, rocky mountain mining co, gold rush, redevelopment, transformation, community fundraising -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Photograph, c1960
The photograph depicts a view across the water at Lake Sambell. The image is thought to date from the 1960s so may show the lake during a period of drought, such as that experienced across South-Eastern Australia in 1967. The present day park and reserve occupies the site of the former Rocky Mountain Mining Company, an open-cut sluice mine that began operations in the mid-Nineteenth Century and operated until the early 1900s, through the peak of Victoria’s Gold Rush. It was converted into a park and leisure area in the 1920s. Lake Sambell was formally opened to the public on Friday 5th October 1928 and was opened by the Victorian Government’s Minister of Lands, Mr Bailey, as part of initiatives to boost the economies and development of country towns. The lake was named after Mr L.H. Sambell, a shire engineer and secretary of the Forward Beechworth Committee who was involved in promoting the transformation of the mining site and promoting plantation forestry and tourism as alternative industries. £300 to begin the process was provided by Mr J. McConvill, a former resident of Beechworth, who is remembered in a street name adjacent to the lake. Residents of Beechworth have worked to raise funds to improve the Lake Sambell reserve several times, such as efforts in the 1930s and 1940s to raise the banks several feet to deepen the water for swimming purposes. Fundraising campaigns include the ‘Ugly Man’ competition conducted on behalf of the Wallace Park-Lake Sambell Development Scheme. The latter competition was run by the Fire Brigade Bend’s team as part of a larger competition called the ‘Mile of Pennies’; it was won by Mr Len Knight of Beechworth’s Commercial Hotel. The ‘Mile of Pennies’ was conducted at a Carnival held on New Year’s Eve, 1947. It was proposed by the Beechworth and District Progress Association. As well as improving swimming facilities, funds were raised to install a caravan park facility near the lake. Funds were also donated by commercial entities, such as £250 received from Zwar Bros. Pty Ltd.The photograph is significant as it shows Lake Sambell at lower water levels, such as may have been experienced during period of drought.Sepia rectangular photograph printed on matte photographic paperObverse: nil Reverse: 3470beechworth, beechworth lake, lake sambell, lake, beechworth and district progress association, forward beechworth committee, ugly man, mile of pennies, wallace park lake sambell development scheme, wallace park-lake sambell development scheme, zwar bros, zwar, l.h. sambell, j. mcconvill, minister of lands, commercial hotel, len knight, rocky mountain mining company, rocky mountain mining co, gold rush, redevelopment, transformation, community fundraising, drought, 1967, 1960s -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Photograph, c1960
The photographs in this set depict views across the water at Lake Sambell. The images date from approximately 1960. The present day park and reserve occupies the site of the former Rocky Mountain Mining Company, an open-cut sluice mine that began operations in the mid-19th Century and operated until the early 1900s, through the peak of Victoria’s Gold Rush. It was converted into a park and leisure area in the 1920s. Lake Sambell was formally opened to the public on Friday 5th October 1928 and was opened by the Victorian Government’s Minister of Lands, Mr Bailey, as part of initiatives to boost the economies and development of country towns. The lake was named after Mr L.H. Sambell, a shire engineer and secretary of the Forward Beechworth Committee who was involved in promoting the transformation of the mining site and promoting plantation forestry and tourism as alternative industries. £300 to begin the process was provided by Mr J. McConvill, a former resident of Beechworth, who is remembered in a street name adjacent to the lake. Residents of Beechworth have worked to raise funds to improve the Lake Sambell reserve several times, such as efforts in the 1930s and 1940s to raise the banks several feet to deepen the water for swimming purposes. Fundraising campaigns include the ‘Ugly Man’ competition conducted on behalf of the Wallace Park-Lake Sambell Development Scheme. The latter competition was run by the Fire Brigade Bend’s team as part of a larger competition called the ‘Mile of Pennies’; it was won by Mr Len Knight of Beechworth’s Commercial Hotel. The ‘Mile of Pennies’ was conducted at a Carnival held on New Year’s Eve, 1947. It was proposed by the Beechworth and District Progress Association. As well as improving swimming facilities, funds were raised to install a caravan park facility near the lake. Funds were also donated by commercial entities, such as £250 received from Zwar Bros. Pty Ltd.The photographs are significant as they show the level of development in Beechworth in the middle of the Twentieth Century. Four sepia and black and white rectangular photographs printed on matte photographic paper. 3469.1: Obverse: nil Reverse: 3469-1 3469.2: Obverse: nil Reverse: 3469-2 3469.3: Obverse: nil Reverse: 3469-3 3469.4: Obverse: nil Reverse: 3469-4beechworth, beechworth lake, lake sambell, lake, beechworth and district progress association, forward beechworth committee, ugly man, mile of pennies, wallace park lake sambell development scheme, wallace park-lake sambell development scheme, zwar bros, zwar, l.h. sambell, j. mcconvill, minister of lands, commercial hotel, len knight, rocky mountain mining company, rocky mountain mining co, gold rush, redevelopment, transformation, community fundraising -
Mortlake and District Historical Society
Bank of Victoria, Photograph
A branch of the Bank of Victoria was erected from bluestone in Mortlake in 1866. In 1860 improvements were made to the branch in in 1927 the Bank of Victoria mered with the Commercial Banking Co. of Sydney Ltd which later became the National Bank of Australia. This bluestone building was demolished in 1956 to make way for a new brick National Bank of Australia banking chamber and residence. The bluestone was taken to a local property called "Cattle Runs" -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book
Warrnambool Harbour Board General Revenue Account Book. 1st February 1929 to 1st April 1931. This is used to record money paid into the General Revenue Account held at The Commercial Banking Compnay of Sydney Limited, with which is amalgamated The Bank of Victoria Ltd, Warrnambool. Manufactured by Arnall & Jackson, 428 Collins St., Melbourne warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, warrnambool harbour board, the commercial banking compnay of sydney limited, the bank of victoria ltd, warrnambool. -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book, Arnall & Jackson, General Printers, Stationers and Engravers
Warrnambool Harbour Board General Revenue Account Book. 1st April 1931 to 11th March 1933. This is used to record money paid into the General Revenue Account held at The Commercial Banking Compnay of Sydney Limited, with which is amalgamated The Bank of Victoria Ltd, Warrnambool Manufactured by Arnall & Jackson, 428 Collins St., Melbourne -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book, Arnall & Jackson, General Printers, Stationers and Engravers
Warrnambool Harbour Board General Revenue Account Book. 16th March 1933 to 5th November 1934. This is used to record money paid into the General Revenue Account held at The Commercial Compnay of Sydney Limited, with which is amalgamated The Bank of Victoria Ltd, Warrnambool Manufactured by Arnall & Jackson, 428 Collins St., Melbourne warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, warrnambool harbour board, the commercial compnay of sydney limited,, the bank of victoria ltd, warrnambool -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book, Arnall & Jackson, General Printers, Stationers and Engravers
Warrnambool Harbour Board General Revenue Account Book. 17th November 1934 to 15th May 1936. This is used to record money paid into the General Revenue Account held at The Commercial Banking Compnay of Sydney Limited, with which is amalgamated The Bank of Victoria Ltd, Warrnambool Manufactured by Arnall & Jackson, 428 Collins St., Melbourne warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, warrnambool harbour board general revenue account book, the commercial banking compnay of sydney limited, the bank of victoria ltd -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book, Arnall & Jackson, General Printers, Stationers and Engravers
Warrnambool Harbour Board General Revenue Account Book. 18th May 1936 to 15th July 1936. This is used to record money paid into the General Revenue Account held at The Commercial Banking Compnay of Sydney Limited, with which is amalgamated The Bank of Victoria Ltd, Warrnambool Manufactured by Arnall & Jackson, 428 Collins St., Melbourne warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, warrnambool harbour board, the commercial banking compnay of sydney limited, the bank of victoria ltd, -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book, Arnall & Jackson, General Printers, Stationers and Engravers
Warrnambool Harbour Board Loan Account Book. 28th May 1930 to 19th June 1931. This is used to record transaction within the Loan Account held at The Commercial Banking Compnay of Sydney Limited, with which is amalgamated The Bank of Victoria Ltd, Warrnambool Manufactured by Arnall & Jackson, 428 Collins St., Melbourne warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, warrnambool harbour board, the commercial banking compnay of sydney limited -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book
Warrnambool Harbour Board Account Book (2) Records date from 20th October 1928 to 31st July 1936 and shows Debits and Credits on this account held with The Commercial Banking Compnay of Sydney Limited, with which is amalgamated The Bank of Victoria Ltd, Warrnambool warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, warrnambool harbour board -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Financial record - Bank Transaction Book, Commercial Banking Company of Sydney Limited, before 1931
The financial account book was used by the Warrnambool Harbour Board for its Emergency Account. It records transactions made with The Warrnambool branch of the Commercial Banking Company of Sydney Limited during the year 1931. The Secretary of the Warrnambool Harbour Board would have used this book in 1931. James Menzies, Pilot arid Harbour Master from 1929, was appointed as Acting Secretary for the Board in 1932 and held this office until the Board ceased in 1936. Warrnambool’s CBC Manager during this time was L E Whitney; he was Manager from 1924 to 1939. The Commercial Banking Company of Sydney Limited opened in 1893. On January 1, 1927 the CBC amalgamated with the Bank of Victoria. In 1981 the CBC merged with the National Bank of Australasia Limited and on January 1, 1983 the bank started using the abbreviated name of the National Australia Bank (NAB). Warrnambool Harbour Board- The Warrnambool Harbour Board was constituted by Order of Council on May 29, 1928, under the Harbour Board’s Act of 1927, taking over from the Ports and Harbours Branch of the Public Works Department of Victoria. The Board was then the only body with power to manage and control the whole Port, including shipping, facilities upkeep and improvements of the port. The work it carried out involved dredging, building of port facilities and drafting of port regulations, and collecting taxes, tolls, rates and charges. The Board was officially dissolved on June 30, 1936, at which time the Public Works Department again had control. The Warrnambool Harbour Board had rented out the Lighthouse Keeper’s Quarters from the 1920s until 1936, when the Board closed down. However, rentals continued with other currently unknown landlords until Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village opened in 1975 and began renovating the Cottage, in stages. Text on the fly page of the book is as follows – “The Commercial Banking Company of Sydney Limited with which is Amalgamated THE BANK OF VICTORIA LIMITED. Head Office – SYDNEY. Melbourne Office: 237 COLLINS STREET. BANKING Business of every description transacted. BRANCHES throughout VICTORIA, NEW SOUTH WALES and QUEENSLAND, and ADELAIDE BRANCH, SOUTH AUSTRALIA, and AGENCIES throughout AUSTRALASIA and NEW ZEALAND on which DRAFTS AND LETTERS OF CREDIT Are issued and also on LONDON BRANCH and AGENCIES in all the PRINCIPAL CITIES of the world. Telegraphic Remittances made, Bills Negotiated or Forwarded for Collection, Advances made, Deposits received, Current Accounts kept. FURTHER PARTICULARS ON APPLICATON. “ This bank transaction book is of local and state significance for its association with the Port of Warrnambool and the Warrnambool Harbour Board. The Warrnambool Harbour Board was the only board formed under the 1927 Harbour Boards Acts, even though other Victorian ports were eligible. The book is also significant as an example of bank records used by Australian and overseas branches of the Commercial Banking Company of Sydney Limited, and the Bank of Victoria Limited.Maroon coloured rectangular book with textured cover and cream coloured label attached. Label has a printed title on book plus hand written titles added in black and red. The corners of the book are rounded. The white pages have pre-printed text and lines. The book was used for transactions between the Warrnambool Harbour Board’s Emergency Account and the Commercial Banking Company of Sydney Limited during the year 1931.Handwritten in black “WARRNAMBOOL HARBOUR BOARD “, “EMERGENCY A/C” Printed in black “IN ACCOUNT CURRENT WITH”, “The Commercial Banking Coy. Of Sydney Ltd.”, “WITH WHICH IS AMALGAMATED”, “THE BANK OF VICTORIA LIMITED”, “Page …”warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, warrnambool harbour board, financial account, emergency account, financial record, commercial banking company of sydney limited, 1931 bank book, bank of victoria limited, transaction book, financial management, stationery, deposit book, public works department, ports and harbours, commercial banking company of sydney ltd., james menzies, harbour master, l e whitney, cbc manager warrnambool, harbour board act, port of warrnambool, warrnambool harbour, lady bay, harbour pilot -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book
Warrnambool Harbour Board Loan Account Book 128th May 1930 to 1st February 1933 The Commercial Banking Compnay of Sydney Limited, with which is amalgamated The Bank of Victoria Ltd, Warrnambool warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, warrnambool harbour board -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Belt Money, Circa 1950
This money, belt made of soft leather, would have been used in the mid 1900's by horse riding traders or wealthy property owners. It could also have been used by miners or other commercial business men. The main criteria for such a belt is security for valuables during travel on horseback. Commercial traders who plied their wares on horseback or caravans during a period where poor roads and flood prone rivers could dislodge wallets or money "sacks".The Kiewa Valley in the early 1900's was an environment which was frequented by the "canny" travelling salesman using dirt tracks and having to cross swollen rivers and creeks throughout the year. Travelling times within the rural areas in and surrounding the valley called for more frequent stops in bush lands. Camping presented itself with great challenges not to loose small cumbersome coin and notes. Local banks were of short supply and although bartering was a thriving method of transactions within the Valley traders from other regions were not so forth coming. Where ever possible local "trades" were called upon more than in city areas for limited products of a rural incline.This "vintage" handcrafted money belt has been professionally made circa 1950's. It appears as though it might have been made in a saddlery. There are five pockets each fastened by black painted "press studs". The stitching is of a high standard and the pockets are large and well defined. The buckle is circular with one fastening pin.handcrafts, leather work, vintage money belt, personal effects. -
Orbost & District Historical Society
black and white photograph, C1890
This snagging team is on the Brodribb River, east of Orbost. The Brodribb bridge can be seen in the background of the Photograph. The Snowy River was used for commercial navigation after 1880 and extensive de-snagging A shipping company was formed in 1880, poling barges upstream until the removal of large trees and branches that had fallen into the river was carried out to make the river upstream of Marlo easier to navigate. "The snaggers played an important part in making the river free for transport. By 1880 Captain Collins, R McNair engineer, J McNair and the two Winchesters were at work with a punt on the Snowy and Brodribb. Mr. Jim Winchester took charge soon after. Early snaggers were Johnston, J Renton, Nat Lynch, John Drew, Hatton, J Scott and Harry Wilkinson. The system used was to use a tree on the river bank as a lever and with heavy manila ropes, slowly to haul the snags out. They were piled up around a tree and burned when dry. The snaggers lived in a row of cottages in Snaggers’ Lane." (info. John Phillips Newsletter March 2004)The snaggers played an important role in the early settlement of the Orbost / Marlo district helping bto open it up to commercial shipping.Two copies of a black / white photograph of nine men on a snagging boat, a flat-bottom barge. In the background is a bridge.on back - "Snagging boat on Brodribb with R.McNair"snaggers-brodribb-river snagging-east-gippsland transportation -
Surrey Hills Historical Society Collection
Book, 125 years : The story of the State Savings Bank of Victoria 1842-1966, 1/01/1967
... savings bank of victoria banks commercial establishments ...On New Years Day, 1842, The State Savings Bank of Victoria opened for business. This book explores the development over the first 125 years.On New Years Day, 1842, The State Savings Bank of Victoria opened for business. This book explores the development over the first 125 years.state savings bank of victoria, banks, commercial establishments, businesses -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, C. Herbert Photo, Upper Main Street Stawell c1880, 1880s
Upper Main St. Looking East (Herbert Photo) Businesses are the Cash Store, J. Webb, J Allingham Draper, Chadwicks Draper, Commercial Hotel. Two Story Oriental Bank Building / O'Driscoll solicitors. Horse drawn cart in street. On right is the side of Mechanics Institute, R H Wadsworth Watchmaker. c 1880's. Victorian Views. C. Herbert, Photo. Stawell 1878streetscape, businesses -
Malmsbury Historical Society
Photograph (Item), Print Of Painting Of The Mansions By Kenneth Jack C1968, Malmsbury c1968
People - "Jack, Kenneth; Stirling, Edith (Mrs)" Buildings - "The Mansions, Commercial Hotel, Malmsbury Station" Associated with - "State Savings Bank Victoria, Canberra State Libr" -
Port Fairy Historical Society Museum and Archives
Photograph, c.1886
Revell's Saddlery Depot on the corner of Bank and Church streetsBlack & white photographshop, commercial, warehouse, revell, saddler, depot -
Port Fairy Historical Society Museum and Archives
Photograph, Mason, John
Captain John Mason came from Stirling in Scotland, arriving at Port Fairy in 1844. One year after James Atkinson obtained his Special Survey of the area. Thus his life covers all the history of Port Fairy when it was known as Belfast. He married Jane Murray in Portland in 1846 and they had 5 children, Jane died in 1855 and ten years later he married Ann Brown widow of Abijah Brown. They had no children and she died in 1887. In due course he became known as Captain Mason, he was not a sea captain, but captain of the Belfast Volunteers, a Rifle Corps formed in 1859 as a consequence of the Crimean War, and later reconstituted as the Belfast Volunteer Corps. For 40 years he displayed a remarkable versatility in his various occupations. Starting as an Innkeeper - he took over the Stag Inn from Captain Saunders in 1852, for 3 years. He then became a carpenter, stonemason, architect, estate agent honorary technical advisor to the Borough and treasurer to the Shire, and Savings Bank Secretary. They thought so well of John mason in Belfast that they elected him to the first Roads Board in 1853 and to the first Municipal Council in 1856. He was Chairman four times and with Councillors David Talbot and Joseph Whitehead designed the Council's Common Seal and the Motto "Commune Bonum".He was the first Mayor of the Borough in 1863 for a period of 7 weeks. He was responsible for the design, supervision or construction of many of the buildings in the town; most still standing today. He built the Rosebrook Bridge in 1855 and the first official Post Office ( a timber structure in Bank Street) in 1857, replacing it with a stone office in 1865. he built the Court house in 1859 and completed the breakwater between Rabbit Island and Griffith Island started by James Atkinson and John Griffith in 1849, also the first bridge over the Moyne river which connected with Battery Lane and the Bay. Among the many buildings associated with John Mason are Gobles Mill, Tynemouth Villa, 10-12 Princes Street, the Mechanics Institute, the Commercial Hotel, Yambuk and Mickey Bourke's Pub in Koroit. However, he did not build "Riverdale" in Gipps Street as is thought. He had a store and workshop on this site but sold the property in 1872 before the house was built. After an almost uninterrupted term as Councillor starting with the Municipality in 1856, John resigned from the Council in 1873. He well deserved the illuminated address they gave to him and the toast that they drank in the Bank Hotel champagne. Within the year he was working for the Borough as its engineer., surveyor, general supervisor and advisor of public works, simply as the man to whom all difficult problems were referred and at very little expense. John Mason was a great worker for his town and devoted himself unsparingly to the community. That his work was appreciated was shown by the way in which people rallied to his aid when, in the end, he found himself in financial difficulties and his reputation was challenge; arrested for embezzling from the Savings Bank of which he was the actuary in 1882. The money was repaid and the charges found not proven at his trial. He was an early member of the Loyal Prince Albert Lodge, and a founding member of the smaller Loyal Belfast Lodge in 1863. He was also a member of the Horticultural Society. Captain John Mason Died on the 14th of October 1891 (see also 62-04-046 photo)Sepia photograph on heavy cardStevenson & McNicoll photo. 108 Elizabeth Street Melbourne copies can be obtained at anytimedefence, captain, mason, carpenter, councillor, mayor -
Port Fairy Historical Society Museum and Archives
Photograph
... in the Funeral business. Possibly, it was a good commercial undertaking ...In 1858 Hugh Wallace , undertaker and cabinet maker, moved from the Assembly Rooms at the corner of Gipps street, and opened his new Bank Hotel in Sackville street, next door to the grand Bank of Australasia. The hotel seems to have been the favourite meeting place for many of the sporting organisations of the time , including the Football, Rowing, Athletic and Gymnastics clubs . The second licensee was Thomas Pearson, who came to Belfast in 1855, working first for the Harbour master Capt. John Mills , then as the first Assistant Lighthouse keeper when it was built in 1859 . He was promoted to Lighthouse keeper 2 years later. The hotel continued in business with a further 8 licensees until it closed in 1918. Since which it has housed a diverse number of businesses, collecting a veranda along the way. It is still in use in Sackville street today. Quite a few of the Licensees of Belfast seem to have also had an interest in the Funeral business. Possibly, it was a good commercial undertaking, the same people providing them with a living selling spirituous liquor, and when they died of the effects , paid again for their burial. Early photograph Black and white photograph of Black and white photograph of double storied rendered detached building with doors at either end and two arched windows and door in centrehotel, building, sackville street, bank hotel, inn, business, commercial -
Port Fairy Historical Society Museum and Archives
Photograph
In 1858 Hugh Wallace , undertaker and cabinet maker, moved from the Assembly Rooms at the corner of Gipps street, and opened his new Bank Hotel in Sackville street, next door to the grand Bank of Australasia. The hotel seems to have been the favourite meeting place for many of the sporting organisations of the time , including the Football, Rowing, Athletic and Gymnastics clubs . The second licensee was Thomas Pearson, who came to Belfast in 1855, working first for the Harbour master Capt. John Mills , then as the first Assistant Lighthouse keeper when it was built in 1859 . He was promoted to Lighthouse keeper 2 years later. The hotel continued in business with a further 8 licensees until it closed in 1918. Since which it has housed a diverse number of businesses, collecting a veranda along the way. It is still in use in Sackville street today. Quite a few of the Licensees of Belfast seem to have also had an interest in the Funeral business. Possibly, it was a good commercial undertaking, the same people providing them with a living selling spirituous liquor, and when they died of the effects , paid again for their burial. Image of a hotel that no longer exists in this formBlack and white photograph of Two story hotel with multi panel window two men and a boy posing on footpathhotel, building, hugh wallace, bank of australasia, thomas pearson, sackville street -
Port Fairy Historical Society Museum and Archives
Postcard - Pencil Drawing
John J. Huntly appears to have been the only licensee of the Royal Oak Hotel, built in 1858. He was a Councillor of the Municipality of Belfast at the time and later became the Secretary of the newly formed Minhamite Shire in 1872. By 1861 D. Smith appears as the licensee of the now named Commercial Hotel. In 1877 it was offered for sale—the building described as follows “Built of bluestone with slate roof, having a frontage to Bank street of 106 feet, 6 inches. Accommodation consists of twelve bedrooms, eight sitting rooms, bathroom, bar and cellar and detached kitchen also of bluestones, with outside offices. Around this time beside its usual business the hotel had various rooms for visiting doctors and a dentist. Dr. Berncastle, who was associated with the Sydney Eye Infirmary, performed several operations there on those suffering from cataracts. It was the meeting place for the Port Fairy Freemasons, before their Lodge was built in James street, and all the local sporting clubs, at one time or another. The veranda was added in 1900. The name Royal Oak was restored this century, but the name Commercial Hotel can still be seen in the leadlight window over the front entrance. The hotel still continues serving patrons with beverages and meals but no beds these days. There is also an addition to the building, as seen in the bottom illustration— a bottle shopBlack and white sketch photographed Line drawing of the Commercial hotelhotel, building, commercial, oak and anchor, inn, pub, d.smith