This Dollond Day or Nigh telescope was designed to be used in any light conditions, as its name implies. Telescopes are optical instruments designed to make objects appear to be larger or closer. The discovery of the first telescope in 1608 can be attributed to Hans Lippershey of the Netherlands when he discovers that holding two lenses up some distance apart bring objects closer. He applies for a patent on his invention and this becomes the first documented creation of a telescope. Then in 1668, Newton produces the first successful reflecting telescope using a two-inch diameter concave spherical mirror. This opened the door to magnifying objects millions of times far beyond what could ever be obtained with a lens. It wasn’t until 1729 that Chester Moor Hall develops an achromatic lens (two pieces of glass with different indices of light refraction combined produce a lens that can focus colours to almost an exact point resulting in much sharper images but still with some distortion around the edges of the image. Then in 1729 Scottish instrument maker James Short invents the first parabolic and elliptic, distortion-less mirror ideal for reflecting telescopes. We now come to John Dollond who improves upon the achromatic objective lens by placing a concave flint glass lens between two convex crown glass lenses. This had the effect of improving the image considerably. Makers Information: John Dollond (1707-1761) London England he was a maker of optical and astronomical instruments who developed an achromatic (non-colour distorting) refracting telescope and practical heliometer. A telescope that used a divided lens to measure the Sun’s diameter and the angles between celestial bodies. The son of a Huguenot refugees Dollond learned the family trade of silk weaving. He became proficient in optics and astronomy and in 1752 his eldest son, Peter joined his father in an optical business, in 1753 he introduced the heliometer. In the same year, he also took out a patent on his new lenses. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in May 1761 but died suddenly in November and his share in the patent passed to his son Peter. In subsequent squabbles between Peter and the many London opticians who challenged his patent, Peter’s consistent position was that, whatever precedents there may have been to his achromatic lenses, his father had independently reached his practical technique on the basis of his theoretical command of Newtonian optics. As a result of maintaining his fathers patent, Dollond s became the leading manufacturer of optical instruments. For a time in the eighteenth and nineteenth century the word 'Dollond' was almost a generic term for telescope rather like 'Hoover; is to vacuum cleaner. Genuine Dollond telescopes were considered to be amongst the best. Peter Dollond (1731-1820) was the business brain behind the company which he founded in Vine Street, Spitalfields in 1750 and in 1752 moved the business to the Strand London. The Dollonds seem to have made both types of telescopes (reflecting and refracting), possessing the technology to produce significant numbers of lenses free of chromatic aberration for refracting telescopes. A Dollond telescope sailed with Captain Cook in 1769 on his voyage to observe the Transit of Venus. Thomas Jefferson and Admiral Lord Nelson were also customers of the Dollonds. Dollond & Co merged with Aitchison & Co in 1927 to form Dollond & Aitchison, the well-known high street chain of opticians, now fully part of Boots Opticians. They no longer manufacture but are exclusively a retail operation.    John Dollond's experiments in optics and how different combinations of lenses refract light and colour gave a better understanding of the divergent properties of lenses. That went on to inform and pave the way for the improvement of our understanding of optics that is represented today. Dollond was referred to in his time as the "Father of practical optics" as a leader in his field he received many prestigious awards. The telescope in the collection is a good example of one of Dollond's early library telescopes. Its connection with one of England's 18th century pioneers in optical development makes it a significant and an important item to have within the collection.Telescope: Dollond's Telescope, Day or Night model navigational instrument. Telescope is mounted on wooden tripod stand that has folding legs. Brass telescope with leather sheath over barrel, adjustable angle fitting with brass wing nuts that join the legs to the top frame, which is then joined to the telescope pole by an adjustable screw fitting. Manufactured by Dollond, London. Inscription reads "Dollond London, Day or Night" and "DOLLOND LONDON"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, telescope, dollond, dollond london, day & night telescope, floor-standing telescope, optical instrument, john dollond, peter dollond, achromatic telescope, heliometer, light refraction, instrument maker, lens, transit of venus, astronomical telescope, concave lens, library telescope, dollond telescope, day or night, day or night telexcope, scientific instrument, navigation, navigational instrument, astronomy

This photograph depicts Thersea Dunn (nee Wallis) the maker of the sugar bag apron held by the Ballarat Apron Festival (0001) on the day of her wedding.Digital photograph of Theresa Wallis on the day of their wedding Allan Dunn.

Record of Arbor Day commemoration at Buninyong State School July 1904Historic and Social significance, Arbor Day was once, but no longer widely commemorated.Framed black and white photograph of students, teachers and guests at Buninyong Primary School with view of Warrenheip Street in the background.Annotation: Arbor Day Buninyong State School. July 1904buninyong primary school, students and teachers, visitors, arbor day, students, teachers

The object is historically and socially significant as it shows the opening of Heroes Avenue (Avenue of Honor) three years after the end of Word War I. The trees planted in the Avenue came from the Nobelius Nursery.Photograph mounted on card of the opening of Heroes Avenue, Emerald on ANZAC Day 1921. Showing opening of Heroes AvenueSchool Children, Diggers + Speakers ect. People of Emerald. Opening of Heroes Avenue, ANZAC Day 1921, School Masters' Residence in backgroundanzac, heroes avenue, avenue of honor, emerald

Kew achieved independence from the Boroondara Roads Board in 1860. As a new municipality, its first three leaders were designated as chairmen. On becoming a borough in 1863, its leaders were identified as mayors. The earliest photographs date from ca.1906, when the Town of Kew commissioned the noted local photographer Josiah E Barnes to produce standardised portraits of former mayors to be displayed in the Mayoral Chamber of the Town Hall. The collection also includes photographs by other well-known photographic studios such as Burlington Studios, Melba – Melbourne, Stuart Tompkins, Spencer Shier and Talma & Co. The majority of mounts identify the photographer. Eighty photographs are housed in their original frames.This portrait is one of a series of mounted and framed photographic portraits of mayors and town clerks of the former Borough, Town and City of Kew. The portraits were transferred by the City of Kew to the Kew Historical Society in March 1989. A Significance Assessment in 2018, funded by the National Library of Australia confirmed the historic, and often artistic significance of the series.Framed portrait of Cr. Alfred W. Day, Mayor of Kew 1897-8. The mounting and framing of the photograph follows a typical layout or style in that each is framed in dark wood, glazed, and laid down on an inscribed board. The inscription identifies the name of the mayor and the year/s that he/she served.Alfred W. Day, Mayor [of Kew] 1897-8mayors of kew (vic), cr. alfred w. day, australian photographers - josiah earl barnes, kew (vic.) — municipal collection

This object relates to Bert Albert DAY. He was born on 1/01/1882 in Vancouver, CANADA. Bert Albert served in the AIF (6498) enlisting on, 11/08/1916 in Williamstown, VIC before being discharged from duties with the 8TH BATTN as a Army Non-Commissioned DVR (GNR) on 24/01/1920. Bert Albert DAY was not a prisoner of war. His next of kin is Dulcie DAY (Wife).Engraved with Australian Coat of Arms and No. 6498 DVR B A DAY 8th Bat. A.I.F. Letter from Avis BRITTAIN d/of B A DAY and copies of Death & Funeral Noticesfirst world war (ww1), 1914 - 1918, craft, ballarat rsl, ballarat

Port Fairy Show Day unsure of date as yet Black and white photograph of Crowds of people with cars and tent in background at Port Fairy Show Dayevents, civil, crowd, agricultural, show, pastoral, horticutural, ap&h

Badge produced as a souvenir of the Geelong Gala Day of 1922. This may have some connection with the peace celebrations for the end of the First World War.GEELONG / 1922 / GALA DAY STOKES & SONS / MELB.world war i

Huntingdale Golf club was the site of many social events for Legatees and Widows clubs. The label states this was Huntingdale Ladies Day in 1993. The photo shows Legatee Graeme McDougall representing the President presenting the trophy to Mrs Kunkel and Mrs Foster. The trophy was called the Legacy Huntingdale Jubilee Trophy. The day raised $7,500 for Legacy. The photos were in an album of photos from 1992 and 1993. An article in the Answer says that the association with the Huntingdale golf club began in 1933 and over the years over $255,000 has been raised for Legacy. The Open Mixes Foursomes was usually held in December and the Ladies Day was annually in October.A record of the type of activities Legacy provided as a social outlet for the widows and Legatees and for fundraising.Colour photo x 2 of ladies golf day presentation and a paper label.Paper label provides a caption for the photos.events, huntingdale golf club, golf, fundraising, trophy

These diaries contain details of the day to day running of Collingwood Technical School, including all aspects of the Principal's day. The Principal was Mr A. Strang. Pages are interleaved with correspondence, accounts, business cards and other ephemera.An official record of the Principal's duties and daily routine.Invicta Australian Diary No 38 [brand]. Hard cover. Page per day, handwritten entries. Interleaved with correspondence, invoices, notes, etc.All diary entries are pen and ink.collingwood technical school, principal, alex strang, diaries, nmit

This is a photograph of Anastasi and Thalia Papadopoulos (Pappas) on their wedding day in Melbourne 1927. They were the parents of Irini Pappas who was a well known actor in both Greek and Australian theatre and television productions.A sepia studio photograph of a bride and groom taken on their wedding day.

Cyril Everett Isaac (1884-1865) (MLC for South Eastern 1940-52) was a progressive educator, horticulturist and conservationist. A pioneer of school gardening, Isaac believed in the enlightening, spiritual values of working with the land, and founded the State Schools Horticulture Society in 1910. Following the outbreak of the Great War, Isaac recognised the potential to combine school gardening with humanitarian aid. In 1915, Isaac helped to establish the Young Gardeners’ League, whereby young garden enthusiasts could join for a penny and cultivate plots in their own backyards. These home-grown flowers and vegetables were then sold for the going market rates, and the proceeds went towards supporting the Education Department officers serving in the war and their families. This project culminated in a state-wide flower day show held at Melbourne’s Town Hall on 3 November 1916, known as Children’s Flower Day. Isaac hoped that this special day would encourage children to feel that by ‘growing the flowers they are doing something to help our brave soldiers.’ Originally aiming to raise £10,000, the inaugural Flower Day raised over £32,309 (including revenue from home produce), and was donated to the War Relief Fund. On 9 November, the Dandenong Advertiser reported: “This is a splendid record for the boys and girls of our State Schools, who are so well tutored, and ready and willing to help the British Empire against the enemy.” One month after Flower Day, Isaac enlisted in 58th Battalion of Australian Infantry Forces, and departed for Europe in May 1917. Subsequent Children’s Flower Days were held in 1917 and 1918 in Isaac’s absence, and accounted for 25 per cent of the £445,000 raised by the Education Department’s War Relief Fund. A badge created as a fundraiser for Children's Flower Day in 1918. These badges were sold in public places in order to raise funds for war relief. Round metal badge with celluloid insert that has a printed motif of flowers (wattle and forget-me-not) and three banners with red text.Printed recto: "CHILDREN'S/ FLOWER DAY/ 1918"isaac, cyril everett (1884-1865), children's flower day, world war 1, charity

The theme of the day was the centenary of granting of he vote for women in Victoria in 1908.7 coloured photographs (a-g) of Heritage Open Day 2008 showing various activities and entertainment.whitehorse historical society inc, heritage open day 2008, womens' suffrage

The Organising Committee for White Cane Day created a pamphlet (or booklet) of information on each of the organisations involved. These two versions represent the original and final versions of this document.2 x White Cane Day Organising Committee information leafletswhite cane day, advertising

The Northern District School of Nursing opened in 1950 in to address the issues around nurse recruitment, training and education that had previously been hospital based. The residential school was to provide theoretical and in-house education and practical training over three years. The students would also receive practical hands-on training in the wards of associated hospitals. The Northern District School of Nursing operated from Lister House, Rowan Street, Bendigo. It was the first independent school of nursing in Victoria and continued until it closed in 1989.B&W photograph of Mayfort House, nurses' accommodation, 148 Wattle Street, Bendigo. Now demolished, site of present-day car park.Mayfort House, nurses' accommodation, 148 Wattle Street, Bendigo. Now demolished, site of present-day car park.ndsn, nursing

Photograph taken on the occasion of Back to Phillip Island Day about 1928. Taken from the Bryant West Collection.Black & White photograph of Bryant and Harry West with others. Bryant West on branch at back and Harry West in sand at front.As above plus: Back to Phillip Island Day about 1928.bryant west, harry west, back to phillip island, mary karney

This carbon copy of the 1972 Presentation Day program for Watsonia High School includes the names of students who achieved in academic and sporting fields. Principal: Mr Canty.23 foolscap pages, a carbon copy of the typed presentation day program.watsonia high school

According to the paper label "Over 300 Legatees participated in the ANZAC Day march commemorating Legacy's 70th Anniversary." The photo shows the Legatees marching along St Kilda Road past the Melbourne Concert Hall. (See also 00754, 00755, 00788). Some of these photos were published in the May edition of The Answer. The article mentioned that the Anzac Day Commemoration Council allowed Legacy to march as a contingent because of Legacy's 70th Anniversary. President John Stevenson led the contingent of over 300 Legatees. All of the marchers received a sprig of rosemary as a gift from Legacy (and thanks to the widows that prepared them). See also 00021 for the photo of President Stevenson and the banner.A record of a Anzac Day march to commemorate the 70th Anniversary.Black and white photo of Anzac Day March 1993.Marked A6, in blue pen, which is the frame number from the A proof sheet (00754.1)70th anniversary, anzac day, answer, march

Geelong East Technical School opened in 1958. This photograph is from the first Athletics Sports day held at the Western Oval, North Geelong.First athletic sports day held at the Western Oval, North Geelong, 1958.geelong east technical school.

This award is in recognition for the Society's 60th Birthday Open Day ExhibitionRDHS was nominated for an award for our Ringwood and District Heritage Open Day, held on 27 October 2018. The Society was announced as the winner at the Maroondah City Council Australia Day Awards Ceremony held at Ringwood Lake Reserve on 26th January 2019. It was accepted by RDHS President Russ Haines. This catalogue item consists of 4 photographs taken on the day by Ken Briscoe. (Edited/Cropped). See Item 11000 for the actual award certificates and BookletNone

Elsa Williams, Dot Appleby and Sandra Haynes at Association Day at Nowa Nowa VictoriaBlack and white photograph of Nowa Nowa CWA at Association Day at Nowa Nowa Victoria 1996clubs, social history

The Nunawading Council produced commemorative First Day covers showing First Day of Issue stamp during the years 1981-1992First Day Cover carrying 43 cent stamp representing Australian flag. Postmarked 'Nunawading Vic. Aust 3131 25 Jan 1991'. At upper left corner, name and address of City of Nunawading Municipal Offices. Printed at base, '1991 Australia Day Family Festival Saturday 26th January'. Envelope numbered 036Municipal Offices Nunawading Vic 3131philately, date stamps, civic mementoes, souvenirs

Yields information about Geelong trams at the time of the closure of the Chilwell and East-West routes.Black and White photograph of Geelong No. 1 at the Chilwell terminus on the last day of operation of this route. Tram showing destination of Depot. This is a large format print of Reg Item 476.7, photograph by Geoff Grant.On Rear ink "Last day of operation Chilwell & East - West Line 8th Jan. 1956"trams, tramways, geelong, chilwell, closure, tram 1

This photograph was taken when the Sunbury Fire Brigade attended the Fire Brigade Demonstration Day in Geelong in 1936. Demonstration Days were a regular event.A black and white photograph the Sunbury Fire Brigade at the Demonstration Day in 1936 in Geelong.written on back: Geelong 1936country fire authority, firefighters, sunbury fire brigade, sunbury, boardman, eric, reilly, jim, firefighting equipment, uniforms, george evans collection