A honing steel, sometimes referred to as a sharpening steel, whet steel, sharpening stick, sharpening rod, butcher's steel, and chef's steel, is a rod of steel, ceramic or diamond-coated steel used to restore keenness to dulled blade edges. They are flat, oval, or round in cross-section and up to 30 centimetres (1 ft) long. The steel and ceramic honing steels may have longitudinal ridges, whereas the diamond-coated steels are smooth but embedded with abrasive diamond particles. Non-abrasive honing rods such as smooth ceramic or ribbed steel are able to remove small amounts of metal via adhesive wear. In normal use, the rod is applied to the blade at a slightly higher angle than that of the bevel, resulting in the formation of a micro-bevel. The term "hone" is associated with light maintenance performed on a blade without the effort and precision normally associated with sharpening, so the name "hone" was borrowed. In the 1980s, ceramic abrasives became increasingly popular and proved an equal, if not superior, method for accomplishing the same daily maintenance tasks; manufacturers replaced steels with ceramic (and later, manufactured diamond abrasive) sharpening "steels" that were actually hones. Use Honing steels are used by lightly placing the near edge of the blade against the base of the steel, then sliding the blade away from yourself along the steel while moving it down – the blade moves diagonally, while the steel remains stationary. This should be done with the blade held at an angle to the steel, usually about 20°, and repeating on the opposite side at the same angle. This is repeated five to ten times per side. Steeling It is often recommended that steeling be performed immediately before or after using a knife and can be done daily. By contrast, knives are generally sharpened much less frequently. A traditional smooth honing steel is of no use if the edge is blunt, because it removes no material; instead it fixes deformations along the edge of a sharp blade, technically known as burnishing. There has long been speculation about the efficacy of steeling (re-aligning the edge) vs honing (removing minor deformation with abrasives); studies tend to favour abrasives for daily maintenance, especially in high-carbide-volume "stainless" steels (such as the popular CPM S30V steel, which tends to "tear out" when steeled rather than re-forming an edge.) Small honing steel for outdoor activities Usage trends Steels have traditionally been used in the West, especially in heavy-use scenarios (e.g. butchering, where the edge deforms due to forceful contact with bone). These scenarios also lead Western trends toward blades tempered to a lower level of hardness (and thus lower brittleness). In East Asia, notably Japan, harder knives are preferred, so there is little need for steeling intra-day, as the edge does not deform as much. Instead, the blade is honed as needed on a waterstone. While tradition has kept the practice of steeling alive in Western kitchens, the majority of honing steels sold are abrasive rather than smooth, and knives are harder and more frequently made of stainless steel, which does not respond to traditional steeling techniques as well as high-carbon/low alloy tool steels.The sharpening steel is essential to maintain the sharpness of carving and other knives.Steel knife sharpener with bone handle. Part of a carving set.None.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sharpening steel, carving set, kitchen equipment

This paper roll holder would have been used in a retail premises. Large brown paper rolls were able to be cut to any length for wrapping goods.Two wooden bevelled pieces, narrow piece on top wider piece on bottom with steel support ends and moveable centre piece screwed to wood pieces. Steel ends have "U" shaped holder in inside at centre.Steel ends have two raised diamond patterns. "24in CLARENCE 24in"shops, george evans collection

The Wodonga Historical Society Haeusler Collection provides invaluable insight into life in late nineteenth and early twentieth century north east Victoria. The collection comprises manuscripts, personal artefacts used by the Haeusler family on their farm in Wodonga, and a set of glass negatives which offer a unique visual snapshot of the domestic and social lives of the Haeusler family and local Wodonga community. The Haeusler family migrated from Prussia (Germany) to South Australia in the 1840s and 1850s, before purchasing 100 acres of Crown Land made available under the Victorian Lands Act 1862 (also known as ‘Duffy’s Land Act’) in 1866 in what is now Wodonga West. The Haeusler family were one of several German families to migrate from South Australia to Wodonga in the 1860s.This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of domestic and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history, social history, and women’s history. Men's 'Baronex' analogue, stainless steel wrist watch, c. mid-century. On back of watch face "STAINLESS STEEL BACK/WATER RESISTANT/ANTIMAGNETIC SHOCKPROOF/DUST PROOF". On watch band near clasp "100% /STAINLESS STEEL/HONG KONG". On watch face "BARONEX/JEWELS INCABLOC"watch, clock, time, timepiece, haeusler collection, wodonga, social history

An early steel engraving print of Marysville in Victoria.An early steel engraving print of Marysville in Victoria by Nicholas Chevalier. Nicholas Chevalier, born in 1828, was a Russian-born artist who worked in Australia and New Zealand. In 1851 Chevalier moved to London and worked as an illustrator in lithography and watercolour. After further studies in painting in Rome he arrived in Australia in December 1854. In August 1855 he obtained work as a cartoonist on the newly established Melbourne Punch. Later he did illustrative work for the Illustrated Australian News and also worked in chromolithography. He accompanied explorer/meteorologist Georg von Neumayer on trips to remote areas of Victoria, and the material gathered on such journeys resulted in some of his most recognised pieces of this period, including his painting of Mount Arapiles in Western Victoria. In 1864, when the National Gallery of Victoria was founded, an exhibition of works by Victorian artists was held. The government agreed to buy the best picture exhibited for £200. Chevalier's oil painting The Buffalo Ranges was selected, and was the first picture painted in Australia to be included in the Melbourne collection. In 1865 Chevalier visited New Zealand, travelling widely and doing much work there which was exhibited at Melbourne on his return. In 1869 he joined HMS Galatea as an artist with the Duke of Edinburgh, on the voyage to the East and back to London with stops in Tahiti, Hawaii, Japan, China, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and India. The pictures painted during the voyage were exhibited at South Kensington. In January 1874 Chevalier was commissioned by Queen Victoria to travel to St Petersburg and paint a picture of the marriage of the Duke of Edinburgh. Chevalier made London his base and was a continual exhibitor at the Academy from 1871 to 1887. He had one picture in the 1895 Academy but had practically given up painting by then. Chevalier died in London on 15 March 1902. N. Chevalier 1870 N. Chevalier/ W. Forrest MARYSVILLE, VICTORIA. LONDON, VIRTUE & CO.marysville, victoria, n. chevalier, w. forrest, steel engraving, print, mount arapiles, georg von neumayer, the buffalo ranges, national gallery of victoria, hms galatea

An early steel engraving print of Marysville in Victoria.An early steel engraving print of Marysville in Victoria by Nicholas Chevalier. Nicholas Chevalier, born in 1828, was a Russian-born artist who worked in Australia and New Zealand. In 1851 Chevalier moved to London and worked as an illustrator in lithography and watercolour. After further studies in painting in Rome he arrived in Australia in December 1854. In August 1855 he obtained work as a cartoonist on the newly established Melbourne Punch. Later he did illustrative work for the Illustrated Australian News and also worked in chromolithography. He accompanied explorer/meteorologist Georg von Neumayer on trips to remote areas of Victoria, and the material gathered on such journeys resulted in some of his most recognised pieces of this period, including his painting of Mount Arapiles in Western Victoria. In 1864, when the National Gallery of Victoria was founded, an exhibition of works by Victorian artists was held. The government agreed to buy the best picture exhibited for £200. Chevalier's oil painting The Buffalo Ranges was selected, and was the first picture painted in Australia to be included in the Melbourne collection. In 1865 Chevalier visited New Zealand, travelling widely and doing much work there which was exhibited at Melbourne on his return. In 1869 he joined HMS Galatea as an artist with the Duke of Edinburgh, on the voyage to the East and back to London with stops in Tahiti, Hawaii, Japan, China, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and India. The pictures painted during the voyage were exhibited at South Kensington. In January 1874 Chevalier was commissioned by Queen Victoria to travel to St Petersburg and paint a picture of the marriage of the Duke of Edinburgh. Chevalier made London his base and was a continual exhibitor at the Academy from 1871 to 1887. He had one picture in the 1895 Academy but had practically given up painting by then. Chevalier died in London on 15 March 1902. N. Chevalier 1870 N. Chevalier/ W. Forrest MARYSVILLE, VICTORIA. LONDON, VIRTUE & CO.marysville, victoria, n. chevalier, w. forrest, steel engraving, print, mount arapiles, georg von neumayer, the buffalo ranges, national gallery of victoria, hms galatea

Steel shears as were used in sheep shearingsupplied by Holden and FrostSteel hand shears as used in sheep shearingshears, steel

Steel step made to be fitted to a buggy to allow driver to mount buggyManufactured and sold by Holen and FrostSteel frame steps to be fitted to buggysteps, buggy

These tools belonged to Henry Phillips (1821-1896). He was a cabinet maker who came to Australia in 1849 and settled in Warrnambool, establishing in association with Christopher Beattie the undertaking firm of Beattie and Phillips in the 1860s. This was a prominent business in Warrnambool for over 100 years with James Beattie taking over from his father. These tools are significant because they belonged to Henry Phillips, one of the founders of the important Warrnambool undertaking business of Beattie and Phillips. They are also of interest because they are examples of the type of tools used 150 years ago. These are four chisels, three with wooden handles and the four have steel blades. One chisel has no handle. The blades are a little tarnished. The chisels belonged to Henry Phillips of Warrnambool. ‘T. Marsden’ ‘Moseley Cast Steel’ ‘H. Phillips’ henry phillips, beattie and phillips, history of warrnambool

A draw knife is a hand tool that has a long straight blade between two handles. As implied by its name. it is drawn like a knife across the wood. It is used to prepare the timber for the next step of the process, removing loose wood and bark and giving a start to making the wood into a round or cylindrical shape. Then a finer smoother finish is given with a spokeshave, which has a shorter, curved blade. A draw knife could be used for the wooden spokes for cart, wagon and carriage wheels as well as for ladder staves and ship wheels. Features of a good draw knife include tight handles, a blade with plenty of metal to it and a blade length of 20 to 24 centimetres. This draw knife was likely made at least 150 years ago by C Johnson of Sheffield, who used the Trade Mark “C.J.” within a flag. Christopher Johnson began work as a cutler, making knives, pocket knives and tableware in his works at Howard Street in Sheffield. In the book ‘Hand-Saw Makers of Britain by Schaeffer and McConnel, Johnson is listed in 1855 as a saw maker. A later reference has the business name of Johnson & Company, Sheffield in 1879-1882. Australia was one of the company’s markets. The company continued until its closure in 1955.This draw knife is significant for being made in Sheffield, a location famous for steel and silver manufacturers. It is significant because of its age, being made no later than 1879, which is the time period of our maritime Village. It is a tool most suitable for the blacksmith's or a ship' smith's workshop for making spokes for the wheels of wagons and carts, and for making ship's wheels.. It is also significant for being made by C Johnson, who was well known for his good workmanship. Draw knife; flat cast steel fixed blade with rotating wooden handles each end. Round bulbous handles have two parallel scored lines around the end furthest from the blade and a brass collar between the handle and blade. A logo and inscription are cast into the centre front of the blade. Made by C Johnson. of Sheffield.Cast into steel blade: Sideways Image “C.J.” within {flag}, “JOHNSON / CAST STEEL”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, spokes, wagon maker, blacksmith, cart maker, cart wheel maker, blacksmith tool, wagon wheel, c johnson, sheffield, wheelright, craftsman, woodwork, carriage wheel, ship wheels, shipwright, wooden spokes, ladder staves, draw knife

This traction device was made to increase traction and braking on slippery surfaces eg. snow / ice and can be fitted on two wheels on one or more axles of a vehicle. These devices can fit many wheel sizes. these 'snow chains' were used in the early 1970's.These vehicle traction devices were used at Falls Creek during winter.Rusted steel device used to grip vehicle wheels to enable traction over slippery surfaces. Four steel curved prongs connected at a solid steel rectangular centre. Each prong has teeth at the centre enabling it to fit through and be moved for tightening. The prongs are at 90 degrees to each other. The steel prongs are 'waved' on the outer wheel where they contact the surface of the ground. On the outside of the centre piece a coiled piece of steel is attached extending out to curve around one of the prongs Inside centre on steel rectangular plate: "Christiana Spigervek" / "Norway Patent Nos. 116148 / 116188 / Norway / Foreign Patents Pending."snow chain; vehicle traction device; falls creek

steel wrench used in construction and plumbingImported, used and sold by Holden and FrostTwo part steel adjustable wrench pivoting in centreFootprint Made in England Etching of a footprintwrench, steel, adjustable

Australian Rabbit Trap made of spring steelAustralian Rabbit Trap made of spring steel with chain farm implements, rabbits, traps

This item is from a collection donated by descendants of John Francis Turner of Wodonga. Mr. Turner was born on 6 June 1885. He completed all of his schooling at Scotts Boarding School in Albury, New South Wales. On leaving school, he was employed at Dalgety’s, Albury as an auctioneer. In 1924 John was promoted to Manager of the Wodonga Branch of Dalgety’s. On 15/03/1900 he married Beatrice Neal (born 7/12/1887 and died 7/2/1953) from Collingwood, Victoria. They had 4 daughters – Francis (Nancy), Heather, Jessie and Mary. In 1920, the family moved From Albury to Wodonga, purchasing their family home “Locherbie” at 169 High Street, Wodonga. "Locherbie" still stands in Wodonga in 2022. The collection contains items used by the Turner family during their life in Wodonga.This item comes from a collection used by a prominent citizen of Wodonga. A 5 piece manicure set in a cylindrical container. Individuals items are made of steel, electro plated silver with tortoise shell handles. The case is also made of tortoiseshell.On side of tweezers; "EPNS A1" On file "ENGLISH STEEL MAKE"personal items, manicure implements

Set of metal surgical forceps. Forceps resemble tweezers, with pointed ends. There are two ridges of metal running down the centre of each arm of the forceps for grip. One arm of forceps has a small pin, which fits into a hole on the other arm of the forceps. Engraved text on inner aspect of forceps reads 'YOUNG EDINBURGH STAINLESS STEEL'.'YOUNG EDINBURGH STAINLESS STEEL'surgery

This steel leather punch would be used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c1900when making and repairing, farm and household leather goods.Early settlers in Moorabbin Shire had to be self sufficient and made and repaired their farm and household equipment. Blacksmiths made the toolsA solid steel leather punchleatherwork, craftwork, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, early settlers

John ABERY Australian Artist and Sculptor John Abery works in a range of mediums including metal (bronze and steel), fiberglass, stone and wood.Laminated Pinus radiata and steelsculpture, john abery

Standard pattern WW2 steel helmet as worn by Australian forces from 1940 until 1950s. Replaced by US Pattern M1 steel helmet.Completely original WW2 Australian helmet Australian MkII raw edge steel helmet with MkII linseed oil fabric liner. Webbing chinstrap with steel springs. Moulded rubber crown pad. MkIII chinstrap securing lugs. Exterior painted chocolate brown.Lugs dated 1942steel helmet

The Army terminology for this item is, “Cups canteen steel”Mug, stainless steel, kidney shaped with metal foldout handle.“US Landers ..........”military history - equipment, mug, cup, equipment

The Type 62 is a re-badged British Pattern 1907 bayonet. Siam purchased 10,000 SMLE rifles and Pattern 1907 bayonets from Britain in 1919 to equip the "Wild Tiger Corps," royal bodyguard of Vajiravudh, King Rama VI (reigned 1910–1925). The tiger figural on the ricasso is representative of the Wild Tiger Corps. Year 2462 on the Buddhist Calendar corresponds to 1919. SMLE rifles and Pattern 1907 bayonets were taken from British stocks, refurbished by Birmingham Small Arms (BSA), and remarked with Siamese markings. The bayonets were shipped with standard steel-mounted leather scabbards. However, the leather rapidly deteriorated in the tropical climate, so the Siamese made a replacement steel scabbard body to which the original steel mounts were brazed. Scabbard bayonet metallic slightly tapered rectangular with rounded edges; oval belt nob on blazed steel top of the bayonet and a blazed steel bottom; the body is steel with dents and a wear holes on one side.ww2, world war 2, bayonet

Steel helmet with two bullet holes form Annual field exercise in 1983Trophy/ plaque made at the end of a field exercise to commemorate the event Steel helmet mounted to timber board with inscription plaque. Helmet has two bullet holes and one large exit hole. Inscription: 'In Memory Of Lt. Woolly Who Gave His Life So Others May Live A.F.E 835/6 rvr, helmet, plaque

John and Emma Propert emigrated from England in 1877 and settled in New South Wales . Several of their 11 children became talented inventors, designing items ranging from kitchen utensils to coaches and later pop-up caravans. One of the most successful was Charles, who designed and built kitchenware over many decades. His earliest invention was irrigation equipment including patenting the common backyard rose sprinkler. Propert became a household name when he began making a wide range of kitchen implements for decades including flour sifters and chip cutters. By the 1970s Propert was Australia’s leading brand of kitchen and bathroom scales. By far the most successful product was a ball-driven egg beater, trademarked as the Ezy Whisk or Swift Whisk. In the days before electric beaters, the Ezy Whisk and Swift Whisk were market leaders and were exported world-wide. Charles Propert and his son Bertram manufactured more than a quarter of a million egg beaters a year in the early 1950s which explains why so many are still in use today.These items are significant because they were widely used throughout Australia in the 1950s by a major Australian manufacturer.Two Propert's kitchen appliances - a stainless steel Whistling Egg Timer and a Swift Whisk BeaterOn Egg Beater : A PROPERT PRODUCT MADE IN AUSTRALIA PATENT BALL DRIVE SWIFT WHIP STAINLESS STEELkitchen utensils, propert kitchen appliances

Part of Grham Collection, donated by the Family of Misses Mary and Edith Maude Graham, of 4 Blair Street, Portland. Made in Birmingham.Shoe horn with English made steel body and sterling silver handle. Handle monogrammed with letter 'M'. Hallmarks: Lion passant Anchor - Birmingham - 1912 A & LLFront: 'M' (engraved, handle) English made steel (engraved, body).

This medical / hospital instrument was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950's specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment. Good condition and good interpretation capacity.Round mirror with hole in centre held to a bakite dark brown backing with a stainless steel rim. On the back is attached a small stainless steel knob. The back slopes in towards the centre and has circular grooves. The outer edge of the back slopes down towards the outer edge and includes the knob. On the circumference of the stainless steel is 'Reg. No. 839560'. On the back outer side: 'The Bramber / Made by / Gowllands / England.'medical head mirror, hospital, gowllands england, tawonga district general hospital

This blade is to be used with a Dial O Matic Food Cutter. It is used for cutting and shredding vegetables. A stainless steel French Garnishing Cutter in its original box. The box is red cardboard with yellow print. The blade is used with the Deluxe Dial O Matic Food Cutter invented by Ron Popeil. The blade is 1877.1 and the box is 1877.2.On box - French Garnishing Cutter, stainless steel $1food-preparation kitchen-gadget garnishing-cutter-blade

Used in the late 19th century.A forged steel narrow headed mortising axe with a long wooden handle. It was used in the construction of post and rail fences where it could be used to chip out small pieces in the wood. It has Rob.Sorby Sheffield and Steel Pod stamped on the head with a kangaroo design. The company have been manufacturing 'edge tools' for more than 200 years. They adopted the kangaroo brand in the early 1800's when the new colony of Australia was a big market for their tools. It was used in the late 19th century.Rob.Sorby Sheffield. Steel Pod with a kangaroo design is stamped on the head.axes, cutting tools, hand axes, froes, woodworking tools, cleaving tools

Trucks of this type were built to carry salt from the saltpans of Cheetham Salt Company works, at Laverton, Moolap and Geelong. Made from wood and steel, it was found that the wood would not erode as much as steel from the salt and this is the reason these vehicles have metal on the exterior of the wagon. Later new stainless steel hopper trucks were used at the works. Historic - Industrial narrow Gauge railway - Cheetham Salt Company at Laverton, Moolap and Geelong.Two Cheetham Salt Hopper Trucks Gauge 2'0" Made from Wood & Steel No. 12 on metal frame of one of the Cheetham Salt Hopper truck A second hopper truck is not numbered.puffing billy, industrial narrow gauge railway, cheetham salt company, gauge 2' 0", salt

From 1936, the Australians began to explore the feasibility of local production of steel helmets. Actual production by the Commonwealth Steel Company (in conjunction with Lysaghts) began in 1939. Made of manganese steel, it weighed about 1.1kg. Due to lack of machinery to bend manganese steel strip, the helmets were produced with a raw, but bevelled, edge. Almost two million helmet bodies were produced. Australian helmets were painted in sand textured Australian Army Khaki-Green No.3. A wide-meshed knotted net was often worn. The chin-strap was a copy of the British Mk.II. it was made with cloth covered springs and webbing.Green steel helmet with 8/7th RVR colour patch on each side

(1) Glass rectangular scale (1-(1)-6 inch); (2)ditto steel rectangular scale, (3) ditto metal cylindrical rod. Enclosed in black hinged box with purple velvet lining. 65.1 = steel scale, 65.2 = glass scale, 65.3=steel rod, 65.4 = box. See #63 “Washington Certified Standards. Labels on top of box: “Length standards used by U.B. Grayson” “40aJJR” “Washington certified standards 1.6 inch steel scale, 1.6 inch glass scale, 1.6 inch steel rod. For particulars see certificate 1915” Engraved on glass scale: “BSN 394” “H.J.G. Melb Univ. 1915” “13.0C” “1 2 3 4 5 6” Engraved on steel scale: “BSN 393, H.J.G. Melb Univ. 1915” “ruled at 12.8C” (H,J,G, = Henry Grayson)