Pulpwood was often split by hand or with black powder splitting guns into more manageable sizes and cut into 8 foot lengths (or billets). Billets were first stacked endwise to drain the sap and lighten the load before they were loaded by hand onto flat bed trucks for transport to the mills. This long length metal hook was used to pull and manoeuvre the pulpwood billets onto the truck. The advent of excavators in logging operations in the 1970s led to the loading and carting pulpwood in long tree lengths.Long steel tool with handle on one end and hook on the other.

The origins of the humble handheld driptorch have been lost in time. They are widely used for ignition in controlled burning operations in forest and grasslands. The “Pacific Forester“ with its short central wand and somewhat leaky ball-valve was made by the American Wajax company in the 1940s. The Pacific Forester is slightly different in design from the more robust and common “Panama” driptorch first manufactured in 1933 and used extensively by Queensland cane farmers. The Panama is closely related to the current “Firebug” used in Victoria which is manufactured by Rodney Industries in Brisbane and has an offset wand design which gives it good balance. The fuel is a mixture of petrol and diesel and every FCV District had their own closely-guarded secret formula ... 2:1, 3:1, 1:1, 4:1 or 3:2 ratio. There was also the choice of 91, 95 or 98 octane petrol mixed with summer or winter diesel. Occasionally some of the old Avgas or Jet-A1 lying around the depot was added with a splash of engine oil to make the mixture stick to the fuel to be ignited. The fuel mixed also varied between autumn or spring, heathland, mixed forest, or high-intensity slash burnsCommon driptorch used throughout AustraliaDrip torch with handle Wand has loop and valve. The loop is designed to assist with even flow of fuel which flows out onto the burning head of the wand. Pressure equalising value in top of aluminum fuel container which holds 4 litres of burner mix. Gravitational feed of the driptorch allows the unit to drip fire, making it simple and quick to operate. Instructions for use. CF+L written with texta pen.bushfire

Soon after the outbreak of World War Two, the British Government requested experienced forestry soldiers from Australia, New Zealand and Canada to be deployed in France as part of the British Expeditionary Force. The first Forestry Company (2/1) was based in Sydney with men from NSW, Queensland and South Australia, led by Captain Cyril Richard Cole, a professional forester from the Australian Capital Territory. The second Forestry Company (2/2) included many Forests Commission staff, local sawmillers and experienced bushmen from Victoria, WA and Tasmania including veterans of the First World War. They were led by Captain Andrew Leonard (Ben) Benallack, a graduate from the Victorian School of Forestry in 1922. Both Forestry Companies sailed from Fremantle on the Stratheden in late May 1940 and landed in England not long after the evacuation of Dunkirk. The foresters were recalled to Australia at the insistence of Prime Minister John Curtin in late 1943 because of the War in the Pacific. After reequipping and some refresher training in jungle warfare at Kapooka the 2/2 Forestry Company was deployed to Lae in Papua New Guinea in May 1944. This photograph was probably taken in Australia before deployment to PNG.Photo in wooden frame of Royal Australian Engineers Forestry Company

The events of the afternoon included lunch for the bandsmen at the Memorial Hall, a street march to the Park, and performances at the Park, concluding with a massed march back to town. 10 bands from the surrounding districts participated. The donor was teaching at the Rutherglen Higher Elementary School at the time of this event, and boarded at the Star Hotel.Program for a massed bands display, held by the Rutherglen & District Brass Band, on December 1939. Also included is a letter from the donor.bands, rutherglen town band, wangaratta town band, mooroopna town band, corowa town band, albury town band, goulburn valley pipe band, yarrawonga brass band, finley district citizens band, beechworth town band, benalla citizens band, rutherglen higher elementary school, star hotel

Tommy Bartel Champion AxmanBlack and white photograph of sportsman with championship ribbon around neck and an axe in his handOn back of photo: Stylised image of a camera with "FM 1764 | FM 1766" above - "By Ern McQuillan, 396 New South Head Road, Double Bay" below - "A Photographic Illustrators Photograph" to the right - with numbers "4/4526/59" hand written in red ink.tommy bartel, wood chopping, sports, champions, tommy bartel was married to freda ward bartel. they both were born in beechworth victoria. tommy and his family were known for their wood chopping prowess both as workers and competitive axemen. tommy’s wife freda and his descendants reside in rutherglen., freda bartel, freda ward

A bi-monthly magazine published by the Deaf Committee of the Adult Deaf and Dumb Society of VictoriaThe Victorian Deaf Newsletter is significant publication as an historical record giving and insight into the people, activities and events of the Deaf Community in Victoria.Vol. 2 No. 6, January-February 1932; Size 21.5cmHx14cmWjames martin, hannah martin, h. sumner martin, elsie martin, elsie white, eileen empson, deaf hockey club, deaf ramblers club, e. r. peacock, n. armstrong, l.a. cleveland, f. w. spry, m. j. heath, e. h. peacock, mr porter, kodak, stan neilson, beechworth house queenscliff, d. hood, o. quinton, w. bladier, f. e. frewin, stella garry, colin johns, mrs j. m. johnston, r. dow, mrs gus damman, w. wood, w. limbrick, h. puddy, w. kent, j. elwin, herb wilson, e. roxburgh, a. taylor, mrs nicholson, jessie best, j. hunt, willie o'brien, j. retallick, cjarlie buck, e. cohen, e. sohwellj. e. kenworthy, jack mclaurin, alice smith,mrs j. e. muir, emily rose, f. j. rose, mrs james pierce, ernest j. d. abraham, t flukes

To use this foundation mould, melted beeswax was poured , the lid was placed on top, and the wax allowed to cool. The mould was then separated, and the beeswax foundation sheet taken out. Once placed in a hive, bees used the honeycomb impression created by the mould to draw out honey comb cells to store honey and polen. This mould was used by Bill Voigt, a beekeeping friend of the Robinson family. It was donated by Wilma, Val and Richard Voigt.This is antique equipment used by known beekeepers. Rectangular box with base and no lid. Constructed from wood, joined with metal nails in the corners. Inside box is a metal mould base with hexagonal imprint and metal mould lid with hexagonal imprint.antique, old, wax, foundation, mould, beechworth honey, voigt, robinson

The queen bee cage is designed to hold a queen bee, and up to three or four escort worker bees. The design allows for adequate ventilation, and has a spot for 'queen candy' -candied honey- to block one end. The queen is placed in her new hive inside the cage, and once the queen candy has been eaten through -allowing her access to the hive- the hive has become accustomed to her smell and accept her. Bees could be sent through the post in this cage. Used by a beekeeper and provided by Mr Richard Diss (beekeeper's son). The cage is significant because it was made with metal and wood. The more contemporary cages are now plastic and of a different design and specifications.Mesh cage stapled over wooden lid with metal strut and top and bottom metal bands. Base is larger than lid. Lid has metal cap.queen cage, nursery cage, bee travelling, mailing bees, beechworth honey, beekeeping

The knife was heated by a steam hose running through the handle and blade. Once heated, it was used for removing caps from individual cells in one sweep across the frame. This exposed the honey before the fame was placed in the extractor.Metal uncapping knife with wooden handle. Two metal pins protrude from wooden handleMetal knife shows extensive use wear. Wooden handle burnt in places. Evidence of being homemadeuncapping, knife, metal, beekeeping, beechworth honey

Smokers are used to calm bees. This is done by putting some kind of fuel into the chamber (pine needles, hessian, anything that smokes a lot when it burns), lighting it, then puffing the bellows to bring forth the smoke. The smoke has a calming influence over the bees, and helps stop them from stinging. The guard around the outside is to prevent burns via contact with the hot chamber.Circular canister, metal, with spout attached. Connected by metal struts is bellows. Bellows have wooden front and back, joined by leather that is attached by metal.smoker, antique, beekeeping, beechworth honey

The queen bee cage is designed to hold a queen bee, and up to three or four escort worker bees. The design allows for adequate ventilation, and has a spot for 'queen candy' -candied honey- to block one end. The queen is placed in her new hive inside the cage, and once the queen candy has been eaten through -allowing her access to the hive- the hive has become accustomed to her smell and accept her. Bees could be sent through the post in this cage.Mesh cage stapled onto top and bottom metal bands. One metal strut running between top and bottom. Base is metal, larger than lid. Lid is wooden, with circular hole.cage, queen, bee, transport, queen bee cage, beechworth honey

Honey tins were made to industry standards, and beekeepers bought tins from manufacturers. One of the largest manufacturers was Pender Bros, based in Maitland NSW. When a customer had emptied a tin, they returned it to the beekeeper when they went to buy more honey.Metal honey tin. Front label; "Pure Honey Produced and Packed by [no association label]" "Product of N.S.W" "6 LB NET" Back Label; "Honey The Commercial Apiarists Association of N.S.W Member" Also on the back label is a pseudo coat-of-arms. Tin has no lid.old, honey, tin, honey tin, beechworth honey

Honey tins were made to industry standards, and beekeepers bought tins from manufacturers. One of the largest manufacturers was Pender Bros, based in Maitland NSW. When a customer had emptied a tin, they returned it to the beekeeper when they went to buy more honey.Metal honey tin. Front Label; "Pure Honey 7LB Net Weight" Banner Title; "Pure Honey Gathered in the Australian Bushland" Two notices on label; first detailing chemical composition of honey, "Honey at Breakfast Time", second "In Sickness and in Health" Tin has no lid. Tin is very rusty inside.old, honey, tin, honey tin, beechworth honey

Honey tins were made to industry standards, and beekeepers bought tins from manufacturers. One of the largest manufacturers was Pender Bros, based in Maitland NSW. When a customer had emptied a tin, they returned it to the beekeeper when they went to buy more honey.Metal honey tin with metal handle and lid. Front label; "Finest Honey for your daily Diet" "NET WEIGHT 3Kg" Two notices on label, first notice; "Honey is an ideal breakfast food" second notice is a general statement on use of honey.old, honey, tin, honey tin, beechworth honey

Honey tins were made to industry standards, and beekeepers bought tins from manufacturers. One of the largest manufacturers was Pender Bros, based in Maitland NSW. When a customer had emptied a tin, they returned it to the beekeeper when they went to buy more honey.Metal honey tin with metal handle and lid. Front label; "Finest Honey for your daily Diet" "NET WEIGHT 3Kg" Two notices on label, first notice; "Honey is an ideal breakfast food" second notice is a general statement on use of honey.old, honey, tin, honey tin, beechworth honey

Honey tins were made to industry standards, and beekeepers bought tins from manufacturers. One of the largest manufacturers was Pender Bros, based in Maitland NSW. When a customer had emptied a tin, they returned it to the beekeeper when they went to buy more honey.Metal honey tin, no lid. Very rusty inside and out. No content label, has rusty metal handle.rusty, old, honey, tin, honey tin, beechworth honey

Honey tins were made to industry standards, and beekeepers bought tins from manufacturers. One of the largest manufacturers was Pender Bros, based in Maitland NSW. When a customer had emptied a tin, they returned it to the beekeeper when they went to buy more honey.Metal honey tin with lid and handle. Rusty, no label.rusty, old, honey, tin, honey tin, beechworth honey

Honey tins were made to industry standards, and beekeepers bought tins from manufacturers. One of the largest manufacturers was Pender Bros, based in Maitland NSW. When a customer had emptied a tin, they returned it to the beekeeper when they went to buy more honey.Metal honey tin with lid. Front label; "Finest Honey for your daily Diet" "NET WEIGHT 1.5Kg" Two notices on label, first notice; "Honey is an ideal breakfast food" second notice is a general statement on use of honey. Is in good condition; little to no rust.old, honey, tin, honey tin, beechworth honey

Smokers are used to calm bees. This is done by putting some kind of fuel into the chamber (pine needles, hessian, anything that smokes a lot when it burns), lighting it, then puffing the bellows to bring forth the smoke. The smoke has a calming influence over the bees, and helps stop them from stinging. The guard around the outside is to prevent burns via contact with the hot chamber.Circular canister, metal, with spout attached. Connected by metal struts to circular bellows. Bellows are missing. Canister very rusty, extensive use wear. Lid is fused to canister.rusty, smoker, antique smoker, beechworth honey

Smokers are used to calm bees. This is done by putting some kind of fuel into the chamber (pine needles, hessian, anything that smokes a lot when it burns), lighting it, then puffing the bellows to bring forth the smoke. The smoke has a calming influence over the bees, and helps stop them from stinging. The guard around the outside is to prevent burns via contact with the hot chamber.Circular canister, metal, with spout attached. Connected by metal struts to bellows. Bellows have wooden front and back joined by leather that is attached by metal. Very rusty; lid fused shut. Extensive use wear.rusty, smoker, antique smoker, beechworth honey

This was used with an ink-stamp pad. It was stamped onto plain cardboard boxed, to show that the contents belonged to the Robinsons. Using stamps such as this was a cheaper alternative to ordering specifically designed boxed. This stamp was used between 1978 and 1990.Box labeller with red plastic handle. Marks as "Robinson Honey 6x1.5Kg"stamp, labelling stamp, robinsons, beechworth honey

This was used with an ink-stamp pad. It was stamped onto plain cardboard boxed, to show that the contents belonged to the Robinsons. Using stamps such as this was a cheaper alternative to ordering specifically designed boxed. This stamp was used between 1978 and 1990.Box labeller with red plastic handle. Marks as "Robinsons Honey 12x1Kg". Shows use wear.stamp, labelling stamp, robinsons, beechworth honey

In the early days of beekeeping, protective veils were not worn. It was considered a sign of weakness if you could not put up with bee stings. This veil was made by Amy Robinson- her husband and his brother had no interest in putting up with being stung. The solid cloth at the back stops bee stings completely; the veil, while good, does not stop stings if it is pushed up against skin.Original handmade beekeepers veil belonging to Bill Robinson. Mended many times over by his wife Amy Robinson.Handmade beekeepers veil; metal mesh over front facing, cloth veil. Repaired with brown cotton. Very fragile.beekeeper, veil, antique, equiptment, beekeepers veil, beechworth honey