Potassium permanganate is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula KMnO4. Formerly known as permanganate of potash or Condy's crystals, it is a strong oxidizing agent. It dissolves in water to give intensely pink or purple solutions, the evaporation of which leaves prismatic purplish-black glistening crystals. c1859 London chemist Henry Bollmann Condy had an interest in disinfectants; he found that fusing pyrolusite with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and dissolving it in water produced a solution with disinfectant properties. He patented this solution, and marketed it as 'Condy's Fluid'. Although effective, the solution was not very stable. This was overcome by using potassium hydroxide (KOH) rather than NaOH. This was more stable, and had the advantage of easy conversion to the equally effective potassium permanganate crystals. This crystalline material was known as 'Condy's crystals' or 'Condy's powder'. Potassium permanganate was comparatively easy to manufacture.A brown glass bottle with a red plastic topped cork stopper for 'Tromax' , 'Purple Crystals' ie Permanganate of Potash , that was used as an antiseptic and disimfectant.TROMAX BRAND / PURPLE CRYSTALS/ or Permanganate of Potash / (Poisonous )/ For Household and Medicinal Uses / 2oz. / TROMAX / A PRODUCT OF/ SIGMA Co.Ltd. / MANF. CHEMISTS / MELBOURNE. Directions for Use are on back of bottlepharmacy, medicines, tromax, purple crystals, permaganate of potash, disinfectants, sigma co.ltd. melbourne, athritis, glassware, bottles, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham

This is one of four bottles in our Collection that were recovered by a local diver from the quarantine area just inside the Port Phillip Heads. Ships were required to pull into this area to check for diseases etc before they could head up to Melbourne. Quite often they would drink and throw the bottles overboard. Handmade glass bottle, manufactured in 1850's - 1900's. Glass bottles and glass jars are in many households around the world. The first glass bottles were produced in south-east Asia around 100 B.C. and the Roman Empire around 1 AD. America's glass bottle and glass jar industry were born in the early 1600s when settlers in Jamestown built the first glass-melting furnace. The invention of the automatic glass bottle blowing machine in 1880 industrialized the process of making bottles. In 2019, plans were made to re-introduce milk glass bottle deliveries to Auckland in early 2020. The earliest bottles or vessels were made by ancient man. Ingredients were melted to make glass and then clay forms were dipped into the molten liquid. When the glass cooled off, the clay was chipped out of the inside leaving just the hollow glass vessel. This glass was very thin as the fire was not as hot as modern-day furnaces. The blowpipe was invented around 1 B.C. This allowed molten glass to be gathered at the end of the blowpipe and blown into the other end to create a hollow vessel. Eventually, the use of moulding was introduced, followed by the invention of the semi-automatic machine called the Press and Blow. In 1904 Michael Owens invented the automatic bottle machine. Before this time most glass bottles in England were hand blown. This is one of four bottles in our Collection that were recovered by a local diver from the quarantine area just inside the Port Phillip Heads. Ships were required to pull into this area to check for diseases etc before they could head up to Melbourne. Quite often they would drink and throw the bottles overboard. Handmade glass bottle, manufactured in the 1850s-1900s. The bottle gives a snapshot into history and a social life that occurred during the early days of Melbourne's development and the sea trade that visited the port in those days. Bottle, solid colour brown glass,concave base, tapering slightly wider towards shoulder then inwards towards neck; ring of glass just below opening. Base is blown glass; pontil mark on base. Label "c.1850's STUBBY ALE", "ENGLISH HAND MADE, CORK & WIRE SEAL", "PONTIL MARK ON BASE $6" flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, brown glass bottle, handmade glass bottle, handmade beer bottle, handmade late 19th century bottle

This is one of four bottles in our Collection that were recovered by a local diver from the quarantine area just inside the Port Phillip Heads. Ships were required to pull into this area to check for diseases etc before they could head up to Melbourne. Quite often they would drink and throw the bottles overboard. Handmade glass bottle, manufactured in 1850's - 1900's. Glass bottles and glass jars are in many households around the world. The first glass bottles were produced in south-east Asia around 100 B.C. and the Roman Empire around 1 AD. America's glass bottle and glass jar industry were born in the early 1600s when settlers in Jamestown built the first glass-melting furnace. The invention of the automatic glass bottle blowing machine in 1880 industrialized the process of making bottles. In 2019, plans were made to re-introduce milk glass bottle deliveries to Auckland in early 2020 The earliest bottles or vessels were made by ancient man. Ingredients were melted to make glass and then clay forms were dipped into the molten liquid. When the glass cooled off, the clay was chipped out of the inside leaving just the hollow glass vessel. This glass was very thin as the fire was not as hot as modern-day furnaces. The blowpipe was invented around 1 B.C. This allowed molten glass to be gathered at the end of the blowpipe and blown into the other end to create a hollow vessel. Eventually, the use of moulding was introduced, followed by the invention of the semi-automatic machine called the Press and Blow. In 1904 Michael Owens invented the automatic bottle machine. Before this time most glass bottles in England were hand blown. This is one of four bottles in our Collection that were recovered by a local diver from the quarantine area just inside the Port Phillip Heads. Ships were required to pull into this area to check for diseases etc before they could head up to Melbourne. Quite often they would drink and throw the bottles overboard. Handmade glass bottle, manufactured in the 1850s-1900s. The bottle gives a snapshot into history and a social life that occurred during the early days of Melbourne's development and the sea trade that visited the port in those days. Bottle, opaque brown glass, concave base, tapering slightly wider towards shoulder then inwards towards neck; ring of glass just below opening. Base is blown glass; pontil mark on base. "STUBBY 1850-1900 SMALL SIZE", ENGLISH 3 PIECE MOULD, HAND MADE TOP", "PAPER LABEL, CORK & WIRE SEAL $6flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, brown glass bottle, handmade glass bottle, handmade beer bottle, handmade late 19th century bottle

The Codd Bottle was first invented by English manufacturer, Hiram Codd at Barnsley in 1870. The groove inside the top of the bottle held a rubber ring. A small glass balll was held against this ring by the pressure of the 'pop' or 'fizzy' carbonated drink inside the bottle. This style of bottle was widely manufactured and used in the production of mineral waters and lemonade. The glass has a slight green tint, known as aqua glass, and is what the Victorian era produced as 'clear glass'This glass Codd bottle with glass ball and partial rubber ring was probably imported from England by Bennetts Pty. Ltd of Richmond, Victoria for their Lemonade and sold as refreshment to early settlers of Moorabbin Shire c1880A slightly green tinted, glass bottle with a groove inside the top which held a rubber ring, against which, the small glass ball inside the bottle was held by the pressure of the 'fizzy' drink inside.BENNETTS / LEMONADE diagonally across bottlecodd hiram, glass manufacture, glass bottles, moorabbin, brighton, barnsley england, carbonated water, soft drink, mineral water, bennetts lemonade maker, richmond, early settlers, market gardeners, melbourne

Clear glass liquid paraffin oil bottle with black bakelite screw-on top and label. 3/4 full of liquid.On label: "Liquid Paraffin. Specially prepared for Internal use. Non inflammable. The most modern method of treating CONSTIPATION an d has been found most valuable in chronic cases, the action on the bowels being that of a lubricant. DOSE: from one teaspoonful to 2 tablespoonfuls. To avoid loss of food vitamins, do not use other than at bedtime, except on the advice of a physician. BB 1932 CHEMICALLY PURE. PITT & PARTNERS SYDNEY."bottles, containers, medicine bottles

DARK GREEN GLASS PERFUME BOTTLE (NO STOPPER)local history, personal effects, cosmetics

Glass ink bottle green tinge, no stopperdomestic items, writing equipment

Glass Washing Bottles: (a) Cloez, (b) Dresch's)

Cylindrical clear glass bottle with text embossed on base'AGM' with point on 'A'

Round clear glass bottle with numbers embossed on base.'1342', with a line under, then '13' upside down below

Rectangular clear glass bottle with text embossed on base.'DEWITT' on basedewitt

A flat brown glass bottle with a threaded top. The front and back are flat and the sides are curved.AGM F1262glass bottle container australian-glass-manufacturers

Clear glass bottle, crown seal capped, with approximately 300 ml of liquid contents,Label : 'Eberhard's Cola Deposit 6d refunded with label attached'Bottle: 'Property of Milsworth Aerated Waters Mentone' ''Milsworth Logo', ' F1705' '79'glass bottle, eberhard

Private Edward Connor (Service No: 2597) embarked 27/10/1915 from ??? He threw the bottle overboard (containing the message) from the Transport ship HMAT A38 enroute to ??? The bottle was found at ??? and returned to his mother, Mrs Martha Connor, Bromfield Street, Colac. Message reads ................?significant historical itemGlass bottle with metal screw top. This item forms part of the Connor Family Collection Schweppes brand bottle. Green in colourww1 service man sent a message to his mother in a glass bottle

Rectangular clear glass bottle for stopper, with embossed text on base.'W Y H'. The 'Y' is stylised looking like a wine glass with a curved base.

Twelve sided brown glass bottle with text embossed on side'TRADE MARK A. L. MURDOCK LIQUID FOOD. BOSTON. U.S.A. & LONDON'

Round clear glass bottle with text and logo embossed on side.'A.C.PARKIN' Logo of Pegasus on winged horse. 'MELBOURNE'.

Round clear glass bottle with thin neck and rounded shoulder.

Rectangular amber brown glass bottle with numerals embossed on base'652' on baseamber glass

A tall, narrow, triangular-shaped clear glass bottle. The sides are flat and the base is triangular. It is seamed.Base- F3 + indecipherable numbers/letters At bottom - THIS BOTTLE MUST NOT BE USED AS A FOOD CONTAINERglass bottle

This bottle reflects the developments in glass manufacture during the first half of the 20th century.There is an aesthetic element, the shapes, colour and textures of the bottle are visually appealing.Green glass bottle with cork.Six sided straight sides.On base J 4bottle glass six-sided-bottle

Round mid green coloured, thick glass bottle with rounded shoulder.Nilgreen glass

Square dark green glass bottle with 'seed bubbles' and blisters' in glass.

Round green glass bottle with wide neck and text embossed on base.Monogram of impressed capital letters overlaid on each other.(indistinct).green glass

Rectangular blue tinted glass bottle with text embossed on side and base.M. BALFE on side. A G M on base.

Round clear glass bottle deep punt in base, slightly asymmetrical.nil

TALL GREEN GLASS PERFUME BOTTLE, (NO STOPPER), CIRCA 18808849 HPlocal history, personal effects, cosmetics

A small rectangular clear glass bottle with a threaded top. It has a mould seam from the rim to the base.On the base- AGM G510glass bottle container australian-glass-manufacturers