Letter to the Editor of The Courier, Ballarat 30/1/1997 written by P. Shaw of Moola St. Ballarat stating the it is more important that the trams go around the lake rather than going into the City."Courier 30/1/97" in blue ink on bottom edge.feasibility study, ballarat city tramway, ballarat revival, lake wendouree

A letter dated 8th May 1973 details how the letter from Florence Nightingale was forwarded to Mrs E.G. (Janet) Wilson in 1955 by Gwendolen, Florence Nightingale's niece. The explanatory letter was forwarded by Elsa Halenstein and given to Royal District Nursing Service and remains in its Archives. From 1948 Mrs. Wilson served on the Committee of Management of Melbourne District Nursing Society (later Service), serving as President from October 1964-1967. In 1949 Mrs. Hallenstein served on the MDNS Committee of Management, becoming President of the now Royal District Nursing Service from 1967-1974. Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing. Melbourne District Nursing Society (MDNS) only employed Trained nurses from its inception in 1885. They followed Florence Nightingale's basic rules of good hygiene, cleanliness, good nutrition and fresh air, which they learned during their Nursing Training at a Hospital, and taught to their patients by instruction and demonstration. In those days Trained nurses were called 'Nurse'. In 1892 MDNS employed Lucy Smith who, through the Nightingale Fund, did her nursing training at the Nightingale Training School at St. Thomas's Hospital in London. She was the first nurse from this school to work at MDNS. Florence Nightingale, born on the 12th of May 1820, was named after the place of her birth in Italy. Born into a wealthy family she was schooled at home where she excelled in her studies; spoke several languages fluently, and was taught home management. She believed she was ‘called’ to reduce human suffering and tended to ill members of her family and tenants on the family estate. She worked as a nurse at Salisbury Infirmary where she learned about nursing sanitation and hospital practice. Florence then enrolled at the Institution of Protestant Deaconesses at Kaiserswerth, Germany where she learned basic nursing skills, the importance of patient observation, and hospital organization. In 1853 she became Superintendent of the Institution for Sick Gentlewomen in Distressed Circumstances in London, where she reformed health care, working conditions, and hospital efficiency. The Crimean War broke out in late 1853 and a newspaper reported the injured and sick soldiers were being cared for by an “incompetent and ineffective medical establishment and that most basic supplies were not available for care”. After an outcry from the public, Florence was asked to lead a group of 38 nurses, whom she had trained, to Scutari where the wounded soldiers were sent. After arriving at the Barrack Hospital in October 1854, she found the soldiers were being cared for in overcrowded and filthy conditions; contaminated water, faeces on the floors and rats running freely. There were few supplies and equipment. Florence bought supplies and equipment and found help to assist in the laundry. The wards were scrubbed from floor to ceiling. Florence set a high standard of care with fresh air, hygiene, clean clothing, sufficient food and regular dressing of wounds being carried out. She realized the importance of psychological needs, and soldiers were assisted to write letters to relatives, and took part in education and recreational activities. Of a night Florence walked through the wards, carrying a lamp to light her way, to check on ill and wounded soldiers and became known as “The Lady with the Lamp”. She gained the respect of the soldiers and the establishment, and later, the public through the soldier’s letters and reports in the newspaper. After visiting Crimea she contracted ‘Crimean Fever’ from which she never really recovered. When she returned to London she was regarded a heroine. The public had given freely to buy her a gift but Florence preferred this money be used to establish a fund, which became known as the Nightingale Fund. Florence had kept excellent records on the running of the Barrack Hospital, medical and nursing staff efficiency, and the causes of illness and death. Many nurses from the training school became Matrons in many countries throughout the world. Florence pushed the Government for legislation to improve drainage and sanitation in homes and in the building of hospitals with fresh air a priority. She wrote the book ‘Notes on Nursing’ and many writings on health reform. She died, aged 90 years, in her home at 10 South Street, Park Lane on the 13th of August 1910. A handwritten letter, written in lead pencil, by Florence Nightingale. It is written to her niece Gwendolen.. The letter is on buff coloured paper and has the date 'Oct 17 1900'/ written in the top right hand corner; below this is, in capital letters, the two line black printed address - '10, South Street,/ Park Lane, W'/ is stamped. The bulk of the letter reads over eight lines: "Dearest Gwendolen",/ "Thanks for your / dear note,/ I shall gladly look / forward to seeing you, / on Friday at 5 ,/ ever your loving, / Aunt Florence./ . rdns, royal district nursing service, miss florence nightingale, mrs e.g. (janet) wilson, mrs d. (elsa) hallenstein

non-fictionThis paper describes the water audit which has been carried out in the Murray-Darling Basin. It highlights that diversions have increased significantly since 1988 and will continue to increase unless water management arrangements are amended. This increase in diversion will have an adverse impact on river health. It concludes that the most urgent priority is to define the appropriate balance between water for consumptive uses (i.e. irrigation, domestic and industrial) and that required to be left in rivers (environmental flows) to ensure that the consumptive uses are sustainable and that the rivers remain in a healthy state. This water audit does not attempt to strike the balance between consumptive and instream water use. Rather it provides a sound body of knowledge on which to base the necessary community discussions which will lead to decisions about an appropriate balance between consumptive and instream uses.murray-darling basin, water management, water audit murray-darling

Promotion by PTV of upgrade to unsafe terminus on a busy road. It followed similar upgrades to a number of other termini and preceded the combining of routes 8 and 55 into route 58 in 2017. The modern E class trams that feature on the cover did not commence operating on route 58 until late 2021.Shows that relatively high cost infrastructure is being installed on the tram network and that traffic priorities are changing with motor vehicle right of way being reduced in places for passenger and staff safety.Coloured fold out pamphlet DL size when folded, with large photograph of current tram terminus on half of one side. A site plan of the proposed completed modifications on all of the other side.Typed explanations throughoutterminus, network upgrade, platform stop, toorak, route 8, route 58

Digital image of a 152 page report, titled "Inquiry into expanding Melbourne's Free Tram Zone", prepared by the Legislative Council Dec. 2020. Has table of contents, terms of reference, Committee participants. Looked at extending the free tram zone, providing free travel for full time students, senior card holders, new technologies for network performance improving and dynamic public transport pricing. Notes the most of the evidence was taken prior to the outbreak of COVID-19 which had a dramatic impact on the use of public transport. Has extensive recommendations and a Minority report, including ticket technology and traffic light prioritisation.trams, tramways, enquiries, parliament, tickets, free tram, seniors card, students, traffic lights, priority

Approx a 70 page, comb bound, report by TTM Consulting in May 1985, titled "Evaluation of North Balwyn Fairway, Balwyn Road to Harp Road" for the Public Transport Corporation. Evaluates the impact of a Fairway along the North Balwyn tram route. Principal conclusions given on page - tram travel times in both AM and PM peaks were virtually unchanged. Document has many tables at rear, graphs and maps.Stamped on cover and inside page "Discarded from PTC Library 19 Oct 1989" and "1985" in red ink on front cover.trams, tramways, north balwyn, fairways, traffic control, tram priority